Little tone. The tone of the uterus during pregnancy: what is it, and what is the danger of a “stony” stomach. Treatment for hypertension. How to treat increased uterine tone during pregnancy

With such a problem as uterine tone, many expectant mothers face. It can be caused by a nervous breakdown, overwork, a lifestyle that does not correspond to the correct one, and much more. It is worth noting that tone is not necessarily a risk of miscarriage, but for the sake of the health of the future baby and mother, it is better to play it safe and consult a doctor at the first symptoms of tone.

What are the signs of uterine tone?

How is the tone of the uterus during pregnancy

First of all, tone during pregnancy is spontaneous uterine contractions , the consequence of which may be (but does not mean that there will be) a miscarriage. Although the consequences may be different. How and due to what is the tone created?

• In the natural course of pregnancy (without deviations), the muscles of the uterus are relaxed and calm. This is normotonus.
• If there is stress or physical overstrain, then these muscle fibers tend to shrink, due to which the pressure in the uterus increases and, accordingly, the tone increases. This phenomenon is This increased tone or hypertonicity.

Uterine tone - features

Causes of uterine tone

According to statistics, every second woman faces this problem. For some expectant mothers, this phenomenon even goes unnoticed, without the intervention of a doctor. Others have to lie down to save. There can be a lot of reasons, and, for the most part, they relate to health, nutrition and emotional state:

• Fear and nervous shocks.
• Stress, fatigue, excess of emotions.
• Work stress.
• Disturbances in the production of progesterone (hormone deficiency).
• Excess male hormones.
• Endometriosis.
• Inflammatory processes transferred before pregnancy.
• Large child weight.
• Polyhydramnios.
• Violations in the functioning of the central nervous system.
• Diseases of the common cold.
• Pyelonephritis, etc.

Signs of uterine tone in a pregnant woman

Only a specialist can accurately determine the presence of uterine tone. So at the slightest suspicion "something is not right ..." and heaviness in the very bottom of the abdomen, you should go to the doctor . The main symptoms and sensations for which you need to check with a doctor:

• Unpleasant pain, discomfort in the lower abdomen.
• Sensations of contraction, contractions, squeezing, heaviness in the lower abdomen.
• Discharges of a bloody nature.
• Pain in the lower back.
• Hardness (petrification) of the abdomen on palpation.

Diagnosis of uterine tone during pregnancy

• Hard abdomen (as well as uterus) on palpation.
• Thickening in the uterus of its muscular layer (ultrasound).
• Confirmation of the diagnosis using a special device.

If spotting is detected and other symptoms are present, it is strictly forbidden to go to the doctor on your own. In this situation, the most correct way out is call an ambulance and go to the hospital . There, under the supervision of specialists and with the help of appropriate therapy, more likely to have a favorable pregnancy outcome and timely delivery .

The site site warns: self-medication can harm your health and threaten the life of your unborn baby! Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any worrying symptoms!

I am glad to welcome you again, my dear readers) Why is there a tone of the uterus during pregnancy? This is the question we will try to answer with you in today's article. We will also find out what threatens the tone of the uterus to mommy, and whether there is any harm to the fetus.

Terrible diagnosis or normal condition during pregnancy?

It so happened that the topic of uterine hypertonicity, at best, a woman meets with valerian in her hands, at worst - with ammonia)

Do not be nervous! Relax and exhale! Increased uterine tone is not a sentence! Most of your pot-bellied girlfriends face this problem. In some, it may appear closer to childbirth, in others - at the beginning of pregnancy, in others there is a constant tone of the uterus from the 1st to 3rd trimester, and in the fourth it happens sporadically and lasts no more than half an hour. By the way, the nature of the pain in the tone of the uterus for each woman may also be different.

All these options do not carry such a terrible danger that doctors are trying to intimidate you with. Of course, if the tone of the uterus is accompanied by bleeding, dizziness, fever and other dangerous symptoms, which we will consider a little lower, then there can be no question of the norm!

So, what is uterine tone during pregnancy?

Increased tone of the uterus - these are contractions of the muscular layer of the uterus, which are felt by a woman, like a "petrification" of the abdomen. In the absence of other symptoms, the tone of the uterine muscles is not dangerous and requires only relaxation measures.

Causes of a "stone" belly during pregnancy

What increases the tone of the uterus?

1. Physical exhaustion.

Have you been on your feet all day? Or maybe you started at home general cleaning and jumped from stool to stool like a squirrel, along the way wiping the dust under the cabinets and the sofa? Then do not be surprised that by the evening you will feel tension in the abdomen, and you will have pulling pains in its lower part.

Pregnancy is a time when a mother must take care of herself and her baby. Another question is that the average mother works up to 7 months, so you can’t really relax ...

Therefore, such a condition as pregnancy is not a reason to give yourself slack, right?) But in vain! Have pity on yourself and your future baby, take time to relax! It is even better if you spend it for the benefit of your health: sign up for good courses for pregnant women, visit the pool, often make trips to parks and squares.

By the way, sex with uterine tone is contraindicated!

1. Emotional exhaustion.

Constant stress, strong excitement or a critical situation can not only cause an increased tone of the uterus, but also lead to termination of pregnancy! Therefore, the nerves of the future mother must be protected.

1. Lack of hormones.

The lack of such an important hormone as may well provoke tension in the muscles of the uterus. This condition is not normal and requires medical adjustment. Usually, in such a situation, a woman is prescribed drugs that every pregnant woman has heard of - Dufaston or Utrozhestan.

1. mechanical impact.

Active stirring of the crumbs, examination and measurement of the abdomen, an ultrasound procedure, the growth of the baby - all this can also affect the condition of the tummy of a pregnant mother.

By the way, in women who bear two or more babies or a large toddler, uterine tone is observed much more often. Another predisposing factor to the appearance of such a condition in mom is the diagnosis -

Other reasons include:

• the serious condition of the mother (, acute viral infection, fever, poisoning, the presence of an inflammatory process);
• sexual intercourse;
• abuse bad habits;
• insufficiency of the cervix (its premature opening);
• in the mother-fetus system.

You also need to remember that even banal flatulence can provoke tension in the uterus. For example, if you have eaten food that causes increased gas formation, then you should not be surprised by the “stone stomach”.

Moms need to be especially careful during IVF, in which case the symptom of a “stone” abdomen can signal a real one, and is much less likely to be a physiological condition!

What are the symptoms of the "enemy"?

How to determine the tone of the uterus during pregnancy?

Signs of uterine tone during pregnancy:

• "petrification" of the abdomen;
• cramping or pulling pains in the lower abdomen;
• girdle aching pains.

Often a woman may notice several of the above symptoms at once.

Often a woman learns about the pathology only during a gynecological examination or ultrasound, while she may not experience sensations of increased uterine tone at all. In this case, hypertonicity appears as a result of a mechanical effect on the stomach, so you should not worry, but it will not hurt to play it safe and undergo an additional examination, as well as lie around for a week or another in the hospital.

Such pains can talk about pathology or be physiological. How to figure out which group to attribute the tension of the uterine muscles specifically in your case?

The first step is to see if you have any additional symptoms. The following signs may indicate the presence of a threat of termination of pregnancy or premature birth:

• , increased heart rate;
• temperature increase;
• , dizziness and darkening in the eyes;
• loss of consciousness;
• severe malaise, feeling of weakness, body aches;
• , abundant discharge of an unusual nature with an unusual smell and color;

Even if a woman does not notice these symptoms in herself, however, hypertonicity brings her tangible discomfort, then in this case the best solution is to play it safe and consult your doctor or call an ambulance. In the matter of bearing the crumbs, it is better to “overdo it than not do it”) Pregnant mothers will not be hurt by increased anxiety, because they are responsible for life inside themselves!

How to determine yourselfdo you have a similar condition? Pretty simple: lie on your back and relax. Gently feel the lower abdomen, if it is tense, then most likely you have hypertonicity.

Now, I think you know how the tone of the uterus manifests itself during pregnancy.

1st trimester and hypertonicity

Congratulations, you have just set foot on the path of bearing a healthy and strong toddler!) And it's okay if you have already been diagnosed with hypertonicity. My second pregnancy was one continuous hypertonicity, which ended in the safe birth of a healthy baby! Of course, I adhered to medical recommendations, rested “at the resort” several times under the watchful eye of medical personnel, and also took the necessary treatment in the form of injections, pills and droppers.

So, why does the tone of the uterus appear in early pregnancy?

The most common cause is a hormonal failure, as a result of which an insufficient amount of progesterone is produced to maintain a pregnancy. This condition has not been dangerous for a long time and is quite successfully corrected medically with the help of Utrozhestan and Duphaston. The duration of these drugs is different in each case. Some mothers are forced to sit on Duphaston or Utrozhestan throughout their pregnancy!

In addition, imagine that you lived quietly for yourself, your body took care only of itself, but at one fine moment - a “foreigner” is found on the “board”. Naturally, the body's first reaction is to get rid of it. Therefore, in the first weeks, many women feel sipping pains in the lower abdomen. Further, there is an active production of progesterone, which suppresses female immunity. Against the background of weak immunity, a woman begins to get sick more often, her condition worsens, which, as we have already discussed above, also causes uterine hypertonicity. In addition, mommy learns about her interesting situation, begins to worry, because the 1st trimester is the laying of all organs and systems, so to speak, the foundation for the health of the future crumbs. BUT nervous tension- This is one of the most common causes of increased uterine tone.

It is in the 1st trimester that most expectant mothers suffer from increased uterine tone, and, as you know, it is at this time that abortion most often occurs. So remember:

• If you feel pulling pains in the very first weeks, but do not experience any other serious symptoms, then there is no particular cause for concern, because, as we remember, a woman experiences similar sensations during implantation of a fetal egg;
• If aching pains haunt you for a period of 10-14 weeks, then here we are already talking about a clear threat of termination of pregnancy, because this interval is considered one of the most critical when carrying a baby.

So, in order to know how to act in each specific case, and to minimize the threat of miscarriage, I suggest you read the article:

2nd trimester and hypertension

The 2nd trimester is considered the calmest when carrying a fetus. However, even at this time, a woman can note the "petrification" of the abdomen. . With what it can be connected? In the middle of pregnancy, the expectant mother is already beginning, the uterus increases in size, its walls are stretched. All this cannot go unnoticed, therefore, in this case, hypertonicity may be a variant of the norm. We remember that if there are no other pathological symptoms, the woman feels good, and hypertonicity does not cause severe discomfort, then we have nothing to worry about.

What is the danger of uterine tone during pregnancy?

If hypertonicity manifests itself quite seriously, do not hesitate, it is better to immediately call an ambulance. Ignoring the situation can lead to the following consequences:

• late miscarriage;
• premature birth;
• delayed intrauterine development of the baby due to acute
• intrauterine fetal death;

As we can see, the consequences of uterine tone can be very deplorable. Therefore, do not play with fire, but it is better to visit your doctor once again and talk about the problems that bother you than to regret later and think what would have happened if you had acted differently.

3rd trimester and hypertonicity

Finally, you can exhale) You have already stepped on the finish line, but you still have a lot to go through. It is the 3rd trimester of pregnancy that becomes a real test for a woman, presents surprises and torments her with an endlessly long wait.

The first reason for uterine tone in late gestation is training contractions. For everyone, they can proceed in different ways, someone notes just pulling pains in the abdomen and back, others say that the stomach becomes “stone”.

Therefore, the increased tension of the abdomen on the last and before the birth itself should hardly scare you. Rather, it is a signal to pack your bags)

The second, more dangerous reason is the threat of premature birth, which peaks at 28-33 weeks of gestation. More detailed information on this topic can be found in the article:

What other reasons can cause uterine hypertonicity in the later stages:

• active growth of the fetus;

Treatment

How to get rid of uterine tone during pregnancy?

Depending on the degree of uterine tone and the presence of other symptoms, mom can be offered 2 treatment options:

• on an outpatient basis;
• in the hospital.

Does No-shpa help with uterine tone during pregnancy?

It is possible to talk about the effectiveness of the medicine only if the woman adheres to other recommendations of the doctor, does not experience strong emotional upheavals and does not subject herself to strong physical exertion. It is impossible to hope that you can get rid of the problem with only one medicine, while continuing to exhaust yourself with stress and work!

What herbs can be taken with uterine tone?

Often, with the threat of termination of pregnancy, the doctor prescribes valerian to a woman. However, if the future mother is a supporter folk remedies treatment, the doctor may prescribe valerian or motherwort herb for admission.

If the problem lies in a hormonal failure, then the doctor will prescribe hormonal preparations to the woman. Dufaston proved himself best in this matter with uterine tone. Also, along with this drug, women are prescribed Utrozhestan.

What is prescribedfor hospital treatment?

Usually, a woman is prescribed treatment lasting about 10 days or until the symptoms disappear completely. In the hospital, the doctor prescribes magnesia droppers for uterine tone, prescribes Ginipral or Nifedipine. Today, more and more often they resort to the second drug, while Ginipral fades into the background. Indomethacin or Papaverine suppositories are also often prescribed.

Many mothers refuse treatment in a hospital, because they do not see much benefit in this - “I will give an injection and a candle to myself ...”. Familiar, right?)

Now think about it, will you lie on the bed all day, languishing with boredom, like in a hospital? Of course not! Therefore, such a kind of rest will not interfere with every pregnant woman)

How to remove the tone of the uterus during pregnancy at home?

Banal exercises can help you cope with this scourge. It is enough to stand in a knee-elbow position or in a cat position, and then the muscles of the uterus will relax. By the way, it is with the help of these poses that women try to relieve pain during labor pains.

Try to relax, not be nervous, turn on soothing music, ideally, you can ask a loved one for a massage. In addition, foot massage not only relaxes, but also helps prevent the development of edema, which so often disturbs women during gestation. If you want to combine business with pleasure, you can combine foot massage with gentle beauty care. To do this, I want to draw your attention to a new invention in the field of foot skin care - Japanese electric pumice. This device perfectly helps to get rid of rough skin of the feet, making them smooth, like the skin of your unborn baby. A woman and during pregnancy should remain attractive, tender and well-groomed. Therefore, everyone, without exception, needs to take care of their legs, and with such a pumice stone it becomes fast, simple and effective, even for pot-bellied ladies)

Another effective way is to take a warm shower. Direct warm jets of water to the abdomen, simulating massage movements in a clockwise direction.

If after all this the pain does not subside, you should immediately call an ambulance or call your gynecologist.

What is not alloweddo a woman in such a state?

Do self-healing! Do not prescribe drugs for yourself that were advised to you by girlfriends, acquaintances, or about the miraculousness of which you learned from the pages of the blog. Only a qualified specialist is capable of prescribing competent treatment that will not be dangerous either for you or for your crumbs.

Thus, with proper treatment of uterine tone, mommy has nothing to worry about.

Who is at risk?

Even if you carefully follow all the doctor's prescriptions, lead a healthy lifestyle and are the standard of a pregnant woman, you will never be able to feel the tone of the uterus during the entire pregnancy) The percentage of such women is very small.

In addition, there are some predisposing factors that increase the likelihood of hypertonicity:

• bad habits;
• overweight;
• in late or early pregnancy;
• the previous pregnancy was already aggravated by the increased tone of the uterus;
• abortions, miscarriages or premature births have been before.

In addition, as we have already found out, increased tension in the muscles of the uterus can be observed due to flatulence. Thus, one should beware of eating foods that cause uterine tone. Below is a detailed list of them.

Now you know which foods cause uterine tone during pregnancy.

Also at risk are women who are re-carrying a child. As practice shows, increased tension in the muscles of the uterus during the second pregnancy is more common than during the first.

With due observance of all the doctor's recommendations, there is no reason to worry about hypertonicity. Carry your baby without negative emotions and do not worry about the outcome of pregnancy, because today hypertonicity is treated quite effectively!)

I am sure that the article gave you comprehensive knowledge about what uterine tone means during pregnancy, and what needs to be done in this case.

Now you know how the tone of the uterus feels, and how to deal with it. Happy and easy pregnancy! Till!

During pregnancy, amazing metamorphoses occur in a woman's body. The body is rebuilt, creating optimal conditions for the development of a new life. Every day the size of the uterus increases. The expectant mother is faced with specific sensations that are important not to be confused with pathological conditions.

In the gestational period, many patients are diagnosed with increased uterine tone. Why does her muscles come into tone, what does it threaten? What are the ways to relieve uterine stress?

The concept of uterine tone and its danger during pregnancy

The main reproductive female organ has a muscular structure with a cavity inside. The uterine walls consist of several layers: perimetrium, myometrium and endometrium. The middle muscle layer tends to contract, which is essential during childbirth.

Normally, the uterine muscles are relaxed. When they contract before the onset of labor, we can talk about an increased tone of the uterus. In practice, such a diagnosis is made only if the natural physiological process is associated with discomfort.

When sneezing, coughing or laughing in the human body, almost all muscles simultaneously contract, and the uterus in this case is no exception. Tension of the uterine walls can be observed during a gynecological examination. This condition is short-lived and usually painless.

The constant tone of the uterus in the gestational period sometimes causes severe complications. If a woman with signs of uterine tension does not visit the antenatal clinic on time, such carelessness can lead to a serious pathology of fetal development or miscarriage.

Causes of uterine tone in different trimesters of pregnancy

Increased uterine tone for a woman in position can be a dangerous symptom of a developing pathology. If the diagnosis is confirmed, you should try to eliminate the causes of this condition as soon as possible. The uterine walls can begin to shrink under the influence of external and internal factors. Possible reasons uterine hypertonicity:

• anatomical features of female reproductive organs;
• malfunctions of the endocrine system (low progesterone, high levels of prolactin and male hormones);
• chronic inflammatory gynecological diseases;
• sexually transmitted infections;
• benign tumors in the muscular layer of the uterus;
• immunological incompatibility according to the Rh factor of the blood of the mother and fetus;
• early (in the first trimester of pregnancy) and late toxicosis;
• polyhydramnios, a large baby, or pregnancy with more than one fetus;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases of the heart, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, etc.;
• abortions, miscarriages, non-developing pregnancy in history;
• age of the expectant mother (under 18 and over 35 years old);
• physical and psycho-emotional overload;
• bad ecology;
• harmful working conditions;
• smoking, addiction to alcohol, drug addiction.

Degrees of uterine tone and associated symptoms in the early and late stages

In gynecology, it is not customary to focus solely on subjective signs of uterine muscle hypertonicity, so experts distinguish several degrees of tension, measured in mm Hg. st.:

• Hypotension of the uterine muscles. The muscular wall is in an excessively relaxed state.
• The uterus is normal. The physiological state of the uterus at rest. It happens in expectant mothers and women without pregnancy.
• Increased uterine tone. The uterine muscles are tense, and the tone can be local or cover all its departments. A woman may feel tension all the time, or local hypertonicity will periodically occur during contractions during childbirth.
• Hypertonicity of the uterus is a condition that occurs exclusively during labor. In such patients, more than 4 contractions occur in 10 minutes.

Symptoms of frequent uterine tone at each stage of the gestational period are very different. Characteristic signs of increased tension of the uterine wall in the first trimester of pregnancy are:

• elastic and hard abdomen in the iliac region on palpation;
• minor pain, heaviness in the lower abdomen;
• sensations of muscle contractions;
• mild vaginal discharge of uncharacteristic color and consistency.

In the 2nd trimester, the symptoms of severe uterine tension become more pronounced. Pain in the abdominal cavity can radiate to the back. In the discharge, streaks of blood can be seen. Often women complain of back pain.

In the third trimester, it is important for the expectant mother to understand when her condition is due to the natural preparation of the body for childbirth, and when it comes to pathology. At the end of 7-8 months, many women experience training contractions. The uterine muscles contract, but this state does not last long. If uterine tension is manifested by severe discomfort, bloody discharge and pulling pain, the expectant mother should contact a medical institution for qualified help.

How to diagnose uterine tone, can it be done independently?

A woman can independently recognize whether her uterus is in good shape or if there is nothing to worry about. On the early dates to feel the state of the uterine muscles, a woman should lie on her back or turn on her left side. After that, you need to relax as much as possible. By carefully probing the lower abdomen, you can independently make a preliminary diagnosis. If tension is felt or a seal is felt, this may indicate the development of pathology. If the abdomen is soft, it means that there is nothing to worry about.

At the appointment with the gynecologist, the diagnosis begins with the collection of an anamnesis. The doctor will ask the patient to describe her feelings and talk about events that may have affected her condition. The gynecologist will then perform a superficial visual examination of the abdomen. If necessary, the pregnant woman will be asked to undergo a gynecological examination.

Ultrasound will help to make an accurate diagnosis. The specialist will assess the degree of muscle tension and the condition of the myometrium. Tonusometry helps to determine the contractile activity of the uterus. During this procedure, a special sensor is applied to the patient's stomach, which determines the elasticity of the muscle by tension during its contraction.

Ways to relieve uterine tone at home

The tone of the uterus during pregnancy occurs in every expectant mother. These feelings are hard to confuse with anything else. Knowing about the possible consequences of hypertonicity, a woman should understand well what to do in a particular situation. To prevent the development of complications and relieve uterine tension, first of all you need to relax.

Quite often, when changing position, unpleasant symptoms disappear. Get rid of frequent uterine tone, inhalation of aromatic oils, pleasant relaxing music. Some experts recommend removing the tone of the uterus during pregnancy with the help of traditional medicine. To prevent the development of hypertonicity, it is necessary to limit physical activity, give up sex and normalize nutrition.

Medical preparations

If the gynecologist has determined that the uterine wall is in good shape, then for the treatment of this pathology, he can prescribe the following medications:

• antispasmodics;
• magnesium preparations with vitamin B6 (prescribed in courses);
• sedatives (extract of valerian, motherwort, etc.);
• hormonal agents to increase the level of missing hormones (more often - progesterone).

Further treatment will be aimed at eliminating provoking factors. If a woman is under constant stress, she will be prescribed sedatives(more in the article:). If uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy is caused by intestinal disorders, drugs will be prescribed to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract. With a Rh conflict, immunoglobulins are administered that prevent the formation of antibodies.

Exclusion of foods that increase tone

Many pregnant women are aware of the benefits of magnesium. This element helps to relax the uterine muscles and reduces increased nervous excitability. Doctors recommend that their patients who have uterine tone in the second trimester eat foods rich in magnesium. This includes:

• fresh greens;
• all types of cabbage;
• cereals (buckwheat, barley, oats, etc.).

Many dairy products contain not only calcium, but also magnesium and B vitamins. The most optimal ratio of magnesium and calcium is 0.6 to 1. If the human body lacks magnesium, then calcium will be washed out of the bones and excreted along with urine. On the other hand, with excess calcium, magnesium deficiency is observed.

If a pregnant woman does not eat properly, serious complications can occur. The tone of the uterus in the third trimester can be reduced if the following foods are excluded from your menu in advance:

• legumes (become the cause of increased gas formation);
• blue cheese (may contain mushrooms dangerous for pregnant women);
• coffee (has a laxative effect, removes fluid from the body);
• black tea (too much caffeine);
• raw eggs, fish, undercooked meat (high risk of salmonellosis and other intestinal infections).

Many medicinal plants and spices can cause increased tone, so experts strongly do not recommend expectant mothers to eat dishes seasoned with basil, nutmeg, cumin, cinnamon, fennel. Care must be taken when choosing herbal teas.

Special exercises and other methods

With a strong tone at home, you can remove the tension of the uterine muscles with the help of simple exercises. Effective Techniques relieving tension in the walls of the uterus:

1. Pose "cat". The exercise begins by assuming a standing position on all fours. Deep breath - the back is arched. Hold your breath for 3 s. Exhalation. Deep breath - arching the back. Hold your breath for 3 s. Repetition of the exercise.
2. ". Emphasis on elbows and bent knees. You need to be in this position for several minutes.
3. Relaxation of the muscles of the face and neck. Take a supine position. Equalize breathing. Try to relax your facial muscles.

In addition to special exercises, you can relieve back tension with a bandage. Corsets not only treat uterine tone, they are also worn for prevention, starting from the period of 17-18 obstetric weeks. As soon as the fetus gains the required mass, and the volume of the abdomen increases (approximately for a period of 30-32 weeks), the bandage should be discarded.

Prevention of uterine tone

It is easier to prevent a disease than to treat it later and eliminate unpleasant consequences. It is necessary to diagnose the body in a timely manner and eliminate all health problems even before the onset of pregnancy. It is necessary to treat all existing infectious diseases. It is also necessary to correct the hormonal background.

In the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, you need to try to protect yourself from all negative situations and stress. If the expectant mother will enjoy every day of the upcoming motherhood, then this will most favorably affect the health of her baby.

With the initial symptoms of uterine hypertonicity, you should immediately consult a doctor. In the hospital, uterine hypertonicity will be treated, and the woman will have the opportunity to take a short break from household chores.

Even those who have never carried a child under their hearts have been heard. This condition, unfortunately, occurs so often that it will not hurt both pregnant women and only those planning to conceive to know about it.

What is increased uterine tone?

To answer this question, let's first understand what kind of body it is. The uterus is a hollow, contractile, muscular organ, the basis of which is the myometrium. Naturally, during pregnancy increases. At the same time, each muscle fiber lengthens by 10-12 times and thickens by 4-5 times. Nature arranged it so that normally, for 9 months, the muscles of the uterus are in a calm (relaxed) state. This allows you to bear the child. Also, normally, the uterus sometimes slightly contracts, this happens closer to the expected date of birth. Such contractions are called training. It's like a dress rehearsal before the main event - the birth of a baby. But it happens that during a long period of pregnancy (in some cases, throughout the entire period of gestation), the muscles of the uterus are in an excited, contracted state. The muscle layer of this organ contracts (its tone increases) - the pressure in the uterine cavity rises. Unfortunately, this is a pathological condition that requires appropriate and timely treatment, since it is a symptom of a threat or

Causes of increased uterine tone during pregnancy

As a rule, fear, overexcitation or overstrain of muscle fibers caused by excessive physical exertion contribute to the occurrence of increased tone (hypertonicity) of the uterus.

If the tone arose in the early stages of pregnancy, the reason for this may be hormonal disorders in particular, decreased production of progesterone. As a rule, increased uterine tone in the second trimester usually appears due to overload at work or an unhealthy lifestyle. In addition, hypertonicity can occur due to inflammatory and structural changes (uterine fibroids, endometriosis). Overstretching of the muscles of the uterus, which occurs due to multiple pregnancy, or a large fetus, can lead to increased tone. Moreover, increased uterine tone can occur as a result of a previous acute respiratory disease or other disease (flu, tonsillitis, pyelonephritis), previous abortions, bad habits (smoking, etc.). In the third trimester of pregnancy, increased uterine tone can lead to premature birth.

What does a woman feel in such a state?

• unpleasant squeezing or aching pains in the lower abdomen (can be both barely noticeable and strong); often they are similar to those experienced by a woman before or during menstruation;
• tension in the abdomen (it becomes hard, as if made of stone);
• often - unpleasant or lower backs;

In some cases, pain may be accompanied by bleeding. If this happens, go to the doctor immediately. Also, urgent medical care requires a condition when a woman has cramping pains with an interval of several minutes.

What if you don't see a doctor? What could be the consequences?

Unfortunately not the best. Increased tone can lead to spontaneous abortion at any time. If this happens in the first trimester, they will talk about a miscarriage, in the later - about premature birth. In addition, increased uterine tone threatens with another complication: the risk of pregnancy fading.

Even if the tone is not so significant as to lead to such unfortunate consequences, then this will not be reflected in the best way on the health of the baby. The fact is that a frequent increase in the tone of the uterus provokes oxygen starvation, since the blood supply is disturbed.

Treatment of increased uterine tone during pregnancy

The occurrence of this condition should be reported to your obstetrician-gynecologist as soon as possible. He will tell you how to behave in order to reduce the risk of complications, and, if necessary, prescribe medication.

Fortunately, increased uterine tone responds well to treatment. The first thing the doctor will require is to ensure a calm regimen and the normalization of the psycho-emotional state of the patient. Now, more than ever, it is very important for a pregnant woman to establish a normal mode of work and rest, good sleep, sufficient exposure to fresh air, and feasible physical activity. With an increased tone of the uterus, bed rest is often prescribed and sexual activity is completely prohibited. If necessary, a woman is hospitalized and treated in a hospital. Medical treatment is also used in this condition. To relieve stress and ensure psychological comfort, sedatives are prescribed (tincture of motherwort and valerian). If these drugs are not effective in a particular case, Sibazol, Nozepam, Trioxazin, etc. are prescribed. To relax the uterine muscles, antispasmodics are used (No-shpu, Papaverine). Magne-B6 is often used. If the reason for the increase in tone is an insufficient amount of progesterone, Duphaston and Utrozhestan are used (up to 16 weeks). Drugs that relax the muscles of the uterus (for example, Ginipral) and calcium channel blockers (Nifedipine, Corinfar) have proven themselves well. To stop bleeding, hemostatic drugs are prescribed (Dicinon, Etamzilat sodium). In addition, if an increase in uterine tone is diagnosed in late pregnancy, a woman is prescribed droppers. Intravenous administration of a 25% solution of sulphate and 10% alcohol can alleviate the situation. In addition to the above options for treating increased tone, a fortified diet is used, as well as physio-, acupuncture and psychotherapy.

If spasms began suddenly and are very strong, then you can take 2 tablets of No-Shpa or put a candle with Papaverine. The next step in this case is an urgent visit to the doctor. Even if the pain has gone, do not leave this issue unattended and do not ignore the visit to the antenatal clinic.

Remember: not only the health of your unborn baby, but even his life depends on how you behave in this or that case.

Specially for- Elena Kichak

From Guest

The tone was strong from the 26th week, she lay on the preservation until the 38th week, then they were caesarean. The tone was so frequent, literally in 5-10-15 minutes. Basically lay, caloli ginepral, magnesia, saw B6 and motherwort of course. The tone is not a joke, while I was lying in the hospital I heard a lot of scary stories from girls whose tone led to premature birth. So, take care of your children, and in which case, call an ambulance and lie down for preservation !!! I wish you all the birth of healthy children!!!

- a pathological condition, accompanied by increased contractility of the myometrium, which appears earlier than the established date of birth. Among the clinical signs, there is a visible tension of the anterior abdominal wall, pulling pains in the lower abdomen. To diagnose uterine hypertonicity, an objective examination of a woman and an ultrasound scan are used. Additionally, blood tests to determine hormones may be performed. Treatment consists in ensuring complete rest, prescribing sedatives, antispasmodics, vitamin therapy.

General information

Uterine hypertonicity is an increased excitability of the smooth muscles of the uterus, provoked by hormonal changes or negative psychophysiological factors. This condition is more commonly diagnosed in women under 18 and over 30 years of age. In the first case, the hypertonicity of the uterus is due to the underdevelopment of the genital area and the unpreparedness of the organ for bearing the fetus. As for patients over 30 years old, hyperexcitability usually develops against the background of frequent abortions, previous infections, and other obstetric and gynecological pathologies. Uterine hypertonicity poses a real threat to the life and health of the baby, as it can provoke not only hypoxia, but also miscarriage, the onset of premature birth, and fetal death.

Causes of uterine hypertonicity

In most cases, uterine hypertonicity develops against the background of reduced production of progesterone, a hormone that ensures the normal course of pregnancy. Under its influence, there is a decrease in the contractility of the myometrium, the excitability of the receptors of the uterus and spinal cord, which together allows you to carry the fetus up to 38-40 weeks and give birth to a healthy baby. Progesterone deficiency with uterine hypertonicity manifests itself in the form of spontaneous miscarriages, fetal hypoxia, miscarriage or premature birth. Therefore, during treatment, the main goal should be to influence these etiological links of the pathological condition.

Uterine hypertonicity often develops when a woman has hyperandrogenism - a condition in which there is an increased production of male sex hormones. This diagnosis is also possible with genital infantilism. In this case, an underdeveloped uterus in response to an excessive increase may respond with increased hyperexcitability. Hyperprolactinemia is also a common cause of uterine hypertonicity. The condition is accompanied by increased production of prolactin, which blocks the production of progesterone and leads to an increase in the contractility of smooth muscles.

Often, uterine hypertonicity is due to hormone-dependent diseases that a woman suffered from even before conception. Among them are fibroids, endometriosis. Previously transferred inflammatory processes that spread to the uterine cavity and appendages also increase the likelihood of developing increased excitability of the myometrium. Uterine hypertonicity may be due to dysregulation of the central nervous system, which manifests itself in an increase in contractility, the inability to maintain optimal muscle tone. Women with multiple pregnancies, polyhydramnios, in the presence of a large fetus are more susceptible to such a pathology. These factors contribute to excessive overstretching of the myometrium.

The risk group for the development of uterine hypertonicity includes patients with genetic abnormalities, thyroid diseases, who have undergone viral infections in the early stages of pregnancy. When the expectant mother's body is exposed to negative factors (harmful working conditions, lack of sleep, daily work), the likelihood of this condition also increases. Often, uterine hypertonicity is due to psycho-emotional experiences, stress, and bad habits. Therefore, such factors should be excluded from the life of the patient.

Symptoms of uterine hypertonicity

Depending on which part of the myometrium is tense, in obstetrics, 1 and 2 degrees of uterine hypertonicity are distinguished. In the first case, only the posterior wall of the organ is reduced, which is most often not accompanied by pathological manifestations. In the third trimester of pregnancy, uterine hypertonicity of the 1st degree can be manifested by slight pulling pains in the lower back, a feeling of heaviness in the sacrum. There are usually no other symptoms.

Hypertonicity of the uterus of the 2nd degree implies tension of the myometrium of the anterior wall of the organ and is accompanied by a more pronounced clinical picture. The main symptom is pulling pains in the lower abdomen, similar to those that occur in women in the premenstrual period. Often, with hypertonicity of the uterus, the pain spreads to the perineum, there may be a feeling of fullness in the external genitalia. At the same time, there is an increase in urination, a contraction of the muscle fibers of the rectum, similar to the urge to defecate.

Visually, with hypertonicity of the uterus, the abdomen becomes dense, slightly rises, acquires more rounded shapes than usual. It is possible to determine the tension of the myometrium through the anterior abdominal wall by palpation. As for the lower segment of the penis, that is, the cervix, with uterine hypertonicity, its contraction is usually not observed, although such a symptom is sometimes present if the woman had previously had injuries cervical canal, for example, during previous births.

Diagnosis of uterine hypertonicity

Hypertension of the uterus alarm symptom in obstetrics, which may indicate a possible likelihood of spontaneous abortion or premature birth. Therefore, the health and life of the fetus depends on timely diagnosis and treatment. An obstetrician-gynecologist can identify hypertonicity of the uterus with the help of a routine objective examination of a woman, which is carried out at each appointment. On palpation of the abdomen, tension of the myometrium will be felt, the intensity of such a sign may be different - up to a feeling of "petrification". In this case, patients often report discomfort and even pain.

Ultrasound scanning is used as an additional method for diagnosing uterine hypertonicity. With the help of this study, it is possible to determine the local or total contraction of the myometrium. At 1 degree of hypertonicity, a thickening of the muscular layer of the uterus is observed on one side. If a similar sign is detected in the area of ​​​​attachment of the placenta, then there is a high probability of its detachment. With uterine hypertonicity of the 2nd degree, the entire myometrium is thickened, there are corresponding clinical symptoms. Also, to determine contractility, tonusometry can be performed - measuring the tone of the uterus using a special sensor, which is placed on the anterior abdominal wall and fixes the level of tension in the muscle layer.

Treatment of uterine hypertonicity

With hypertonicity of the uterus, a pregnant woman, first of all, should be provided with bed rest. It is necessary to eliminate any negative factors (physical activity, stress) that can cause an aggravation of the pathological condition. If excessive contractility of the myometrium is not accompanied by severe symptoms, treatment can be carried out on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization of a woman is indicated for 2 degrees of uterine hypertonicity, especially if spotting is observed. bloody issues from the vagina. This symptom may indicate an early abortion, premature birth or placental abruption in the 2nd-3rd trimester.

Drug treatment of uterine hypertonicity depends on the etiology of the pathological condition. With a lack of progesterone production, progesterone preparations are prescribed. If uterine hypertonicity has developed against the background of magnesium deficiency, the patient is shown taking tablets based on this trace element or injecting magnesium sulfate in case of medical care in a hospital setting. Under the action of this component, there is a decrease in the contractility of the myometrium, the normalization of the transmission of nerve impulses.

Antispasmodics are prescribed as symptomatic therapy for uterine hypertonicity. They reduce the contractility of the myometrium and eliminate pain. The use of sedatives is also indicated. With uterine hypertonicity, mainly herbal preparations are used. Additionally, vitamin complexes are used. Until the 34th week of pregnancy, tocolytics are prescribed, which reduce contractions of the myometrium and suppress the onset of labor. With this diagnosis, specialists always try to prolong pregnancy management as much as possible and bring the fetus to 38 weeks.

Prediction and prevention of uterine hypertonicity

In most cases, the prognosis for uterine hypertonicity is favorable. With timely medical care, it is possible to suppress the increased excitability of the myometrium and prolong the gestation of the fetus until the expected date of birth. With the progression of uterine hypertonicity, the possibility of giving birth to a viable baby appears only for a period of 25-28 weeks. At earlier stages, the fetus simply will not be able to survive in environmental conditions.

Prevention of uterine hypertonicity should begin even when planning conception. It is important to timely detect and treat sexual infections, diseases of hormonal etiology. After the onset of pregnancy, the prevention of uterine hypertonicity is to reduce physical activity, the correct organization of the work and rest regimen. You should also completely eliminate emotional experiences and stress. If even minimal signs of uterine hypertonicity are observed, you should immediately seek medical help.