Why is the uterus constantly in good shape. Increased tone of the uterus. How to explain the condition in which the tone is increased, and what is it

Many women, while waiting for a baby, face a dangerous manifestation - uterine hypertonicity. But this is not a diagnosis. This position during pregnancy early dates, like the tone of the uterus - this is just a prerequisite for a possible miscarriage. However, the situation is complicated and if no measures are taken, the consequences can be the most deplorable.

The uterus is a smooth muscle organ. And it is characterized by periodic stress. When the tone rises, the myometrium contracts. This is the muscular layer of the uterus. It is located just behind the endometrium (mucous layer). And during the contraction of muscle tissue, pressure on the child begins.

In addition, there is insufficient blood supply to the placenta. She does not receive her norm of oxygen and nutrition. Further, as a consequence, detachment of the placenta. Which leads to fetal death or miscarriage.

Features of increased tone in the first trimester

The state of increased tone of the uterus is the norm if the pregnancy has reached its peak, and childbirth occurs. It also occurs during the menstrual cycle and during orgasm. But if a woman is in the early stages of bearing a fetus, then this is a serious sign for concern.

Uterine tone in early pregnancy: how to find out what is the problem?

When conception occurs, the body undergoes global changes. He is preparing for a new role. And a woman, thinking about the future, experiences and worries accordingly. Perhaps the relationship with her husband is changing, moving to a new stage. And all these events affect the emotional state, which affects the degree of uterine tone.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, increased tone is especially dangerous for a woman. In some cases, because of it, the pregnancy stops, and the fetus dies. At the same time, a woman sometimes may not even know this. The main sign of a missed pregnancy is the disappearance of other signs: heaviness in the chest ceases to be felt, toxicosis no longer torments in the morning, etc.

So a woman needs to relieve herself of part of the household obligations more rest both mentally and physically. This is necessary so that the first months of bearing a baby pass without complications, and the body can prepare for further changes without stress.

State Danger

During pregnancy, there may be a short or long contraction of the uterine muscles. And if in the first variant it is normal, then in the second it is already a pathological condition.

Uterine tone in early pregnancy: the danger of the condition.

It can provoke:

• fetal hypoxia;
• placental abruption;
• spontaneous abortion;
• frozen pregnancy;
• occurrence of preterm birth.

Reasons for the increase in tone

Since the uterus expands during pregnancy, its muscle tissue should not tighten. But due to a number of reasons, the risk of this process increases.

For example:

• Sexual infections. These are cytomegalovirus, chlamydia, herpes, etc.;
• Inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system;
• Change in hormonal background. This is an overabundance of male hormones or a lack of progesterone;
• Rh-conflict of blood with the fetus;
• Improper nutrition;
• Depression and stress;
• Physical overexertion;
• sexual intercourse;
• Abnormal development of the uterus;
• Toxicosis.

Symptoms of hypertonicity

In order to avoid uterine tone in early pregnancy, you need to pay attention to the following symptoms:

1. Bloody issues. They can be red, brown or pink. They testify to a miscarriage or detachment of the chorion that has already begun.
2. Drawing pains in the lower back, lower abdomen or pelvis. There is irradiation of pain in the perineal region. Especially the pain is felt after physical exertion or sexual intercourse.
3. The general condition is similar to menstrual malaise.
4. Pulsation in the abdomen.
5. At a later date - hardening of the abdomen.
6. Contraction-like spasms.

How to determine the increased tone yourself

With a careful attitude to her feelings, a woman is able to understand herself that the state of the uterus is disturbed. When a pressing pain is felt under the abdomen or in the lumbar region. In the second half of pregnancy, the stomach becomes stony.

If this happens rarely, when changing positions or after physical exertion, then this is a normal physiological process. Perhaps the woman was nervous, walked a lot, or had sexual intercourse.

with frequent spasms or discharge, these signs are already pathological in nature, and in this case you should definitely see a specialist.

Palpation

As a rule, the doctor examines women through ultrasound and uses the method of palpation to detect tone. But in the early stages of pregnancy, the tone of the uterus is difficult to detect with the help of palpation, then such a diagnosis is considered relevant in the period of the second and third trimester.

To do this, the woman lies on her back, bending her knees. The abdominal muscles relax and the doctor can feel the tense uterus. Also, the gynecologist checks the presentation of the fetus. At later dates, with an increase in tone, the stomach becomes stony, and it is already problematic to feel parts of the fetus.

Methods of first aid

Performing simple exercises, a woman can relax the muscles of the uterus on her own at home.

This will help:

1. Gymnastics:

• Relax facial muscles. To do this, you need to sit in a comfortable position and bow your head. Breathe slowly and calmly. In this position, tension subsides from the face and neck, which allows you to bring the tone back to normal;
• Exercise "cat". The woman gets on all fours and bows her head. Then he lifts it, bending his back down. Breathing should be deep and even, and the muscles should be relaxed. And just as smoothly with deep breathing, bend your lower back up, lowering your head. Stand in each position for about 7 seconds. After doing the exercise 5 times, lie down on the bed;
• Get on your knees, resting your elbows on the floor. Stay like this for about a minute. Then lie down to rest.

By performing these exercises regularly, a pregnant woman will learn to control her body and, if necessary, quickly remove the tone.

1. Bandage:

• Panties, with elastic wide top well support the stomach without causing discomfort.
• Belt. It is worn over underwear. There are grippers on the sides, with the help of which it is easy to adjust the volume.
• Universal bandage. The elastic band has hooks or other fastening methods on the sides. From the side of the abdomen, it is of an expanded form, and narrowed at the lower back. It fixes the stomach well, which allows the uterus not to strain due to its weight.

The doctor will help you choose the right bandage, taking into account the characteristics of each woman.

1. Nutrition:

• Oatmeal and buckwheat porridge. 3 art. Spoons are poured with a glass of boiling water and boiled for 5 minutes. Consume on an empty stomach. You can add honey;
• Green vegetables. These are asparagus, cucumbers, broccoli, peas;
• Almonds and nuts;
• Fruits;
• From meat: chicken and rabbit.

By eating the right foods, you can significantly reduce the risk of increased tone. Do not drink coffee and strong tea. Carbonated drinks, fast food and fatty foods also harmful to pregnant women.

Non-drug removal of hypertension

To reduce the increased tone of the uterus during early pregnancy, it is not necessary to resort to medical treatment. There are many ways to help cope with this without drugs.

1. aromatherapy. A pleasant smell helps to relax and calm the nerves. You can arrange scented sticks around the house or light incense. If a pregnant woman is not bothered by discharge, then a warm bath with the addition of essential oils will perfectly relax the muscles and calm the nervous system. Literally 6 drops of basil, thyme, sage, eucalyptus or lemon can already fully restore emotional condition;
2. Herbal teas are excellent sedatives.. It can be either a collection of herbs, or just tea with the addition of motherwort, mint or lemon balm.
3. Yoga. With the help of a special relaxation technique, you can completely get rid of stress and nervous overexcitation. In the process of meditation, a woman can visualize a happy future with a baby in her arms. Yoga classes should be soothing, not physically stressful.
4. Nice, calm music will set you in a peaceful mood, pushing aside all inner experiences.
5. Handmade. Knitting, embroidery, cooking or sewing will help you escape from the hustle and bustle. And if such a pastime brings joy to a woman, then you can do this as often as possible.

Whatever a pregnant woman is fond of, the main rule is to enjoy the activity.

Diagnostic measures

According to certain signs, a woman herself can understand what is happening to her. But it also happens that hypertonicity does not manifest itself in any way and the moment of help may be missed. The gynecologist can determine the tone in several ways.

Uterine tone in early pregnancy: diagnostic methods

1. Palpation. It is more often used in late pregnancy, when the uterus is well palpable. The patient assumes a supine position with half-bent knees. Since in this position the involuntary tension of the abdomen subsides and it is easier for the doctor to palpate.
2. ultrasound. Scanning with ultrasound determines what kind of tone the pregnant woman has - local or total. With local tone, only 1 wall of the uterus, anterior or posterior, is tense. With total tone, the entire myometrium thickens.
3. Tonusometry. A special sensor is attached to the patient's abdomen. Thanks to the device, you can accurately record the degree of muscle tension.

Treatment in a hospital

"Houses and walls heal." For women who are carrying a baby, this belief is not always suitable. Since with a tone, first of all, bed rest is put. And household chores can still make a woman make unnecessary movements. Therefore, inpatient treatment may be the best solution in this matter.

In addition to short walks along the corridor, there is nothing else to do there. Doctors often recommend eating in the ward. From forced idleness, a pregnant woman sleeps a lot, which is considered the best medicine.

But initially, in order to determine the severity of the symptom, the pregnant woman must pass all the tests, undergo an ultrasound examination and tonusometry. After evaluating the condition of the uterus, the presence of hormones, psychological attitude, the doctor prescribes appropriate treatment regimens. These are soothing, preserving or supporting drugs.

Another advantage of inpatient treatment is droppers. Intravenous injections of magnesium or magnesia are faster and more effective than tablets. Also, doctors are constantly nearby, who, if necessary, will be able to provide professional assistance in time. And the fact that she is under the control of specialists reassures the woman.

Treatment with medications

In order to avoid spontaneous abortion or fetal hypoxia due to uterine tone during early pregnancy, it is necessary to take medication. For this, pharmacological preparations are prescribed to relieve tension in muscle fibers.

1. Ginipral. Due to the selective B 2 - Adrenomimetic contained in the preparation, the activity of the myometrium decreases. The intensity of contractions decreases, inhibiting spasms in the uterus. They are used in the form of droppers or tablets.
2. But - shpa (Drotaverine). It also relieves spasms in the abdominal muscles. However, the drug can cross the placenta, so it is prescribed if there is a real risk of fetal loss.
3. Magne B6. Assigned in early pregnancy, the drug compensates for magnesium deficiency, and prevents complications in subsequent trimesters. These are placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, fetal malformations. Also, the tool normalizes cellular metabolism.
4. Papaverine. It relieves spasms, lowers blood pressure and generally has a beneficial effect on the fetus. In the early stages, they are prescribed in the form of candles.
5. Utrozhestan. Compensates for the lack of progesterone. Reduces the risk of miscarriage.
6. Duphaston. It is prescribed for hormone therapy. The main component of progestogen is an analogue of progesterone.
7. Valerian or motherwort. Sedatives. Normalize the emotional background. Helps to relax and relieve spasms in the abdominal muscles. They are taken exclusively in tablet form, since the tinctures contain alcohol.

Treatment with folk remedies

With the tone of the uterus in the early stages of pregnancy, mother nature can also help. Some natural remedies solve this problem as well as medicines.

1. Melissa. An infusion is prepared from 1 liter of water and 20 g of the plant. Boil the herb in a water bath. Then stir continuously for a quarter of an hour. When the broth has cooled, strain through a strainer or cheesecloth and mix with 3 liters of honey. Take 3-4 times a day. The course of admission varies from 1 to 2 months.
2. Cranberry. Puree cranberries with a meat grinder or blender, and mix with sugar in proportions of 1:1. You can also make pasta from sea buckthorn. Then 5 tbsp. dilute the sweet mixture in half a liter of water and replace tea with such a drink. You can drink the whole pregnancy.
3. Parsley. A decoction of parsley perfectly relieves spasms, and the folic acid contained in it is useful for any expectant mother. Take fresh parsley leaves, finely chop and pour boiling water. Keep on low heat for a quarter of an hour. Drink 2 glasses a day for a month.
4. Lemon and tomato. Squeeze juice from lemons and tomatoes. In the proportions of tomato to lemon 9:1. Within 14 days, drink 100 ml of a cocktail in the morning 30 minutes before meals.
5. Dried fruits and rose hips. For 1.5 liters of water, take 50 g of wild rose, dried apricots and raisins. Boil for 10-15 minutes, no more. In the cooled broth, stir 2 tbsp. meadow honey. Divide 250-300 g into 2 times and drink a day. The course lasts 5 months.

Prevention of hypertension

For preventive purposes, it will be appropriate to do or not do certain things.

For example, you cannot:

• be nervous;
• overwork physically;
• use alcohol, tobacco or drugs;
• lift weights;
• eat junk food.

At the same time, you should:

• sleep well;
• more rest from household chores;
• spend more time outdoors;
• be sure to visit a gynecologist on time.

Expert opinion

Taking into account the current time, new technologies, the presence of various gadgets in the life of every person, experts advise pregnant women to change their lifestyle.

To bear a healthy baby and avoid problematic situations during pregnancy, you should:

1. Significantly reduce the use of a computer, phone or tablet;
2. If possible, change your place of residence during pregnancy. That is, to go to the country or to the village, where the air is much cleaner than in big cities;
3. More often walk in the fresh air in the park, where there are a lot of trees;
4. If conditions permit, visit the pool. And generally have more contact with water. Take warm baths. Sea, lake, river are welcome;
5. Do not use foods, drinks and seasonings that can change the tone for the worse;
6. Perform exercises related to proper breathing;
7. Keep only positive thoughts in your head.

The most important thing is to remember that the tone of the uterus in early pregnancy is not a sentence. And in no case should you cry and be nervous, since such a reaction only worsens the situation. Taking care of your health and the health of your baby largely depends on the behavior of the expectant mother.

Video uterine tone during early pregnancy

Uterine hypertonicity in the first trimester: diagnosis and treatment:

What to do with uterine hypertonicity in early pregnancy:

Uterine hypertonicity is a condition dangerous for the fetus, which often occurs during pregnancy.

This is the second most dangerous condition of pregnant women after gestosis, more precisely, the most serious forms of its manifestation, preeclampsia and eclampsia.

• uterine hypertonicity is a dangerous condition that can lead to early termination of pregnancy;
• the causes of hypertonicity are varied, the treatment depends on what exactly this condition is caused by;
• prevention of hypertonicity is mental hygiene - the ability to remain calm externally and internally;
• during pregnancy, a diet is necessary, aimed at the correct and regular functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

What is uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy

Hypertonicity is active uterine contractions. This state of the body is necessary in childbirth, when it pushes the fetus out of the mother's body.

During gestation, such a condition, if not stopped, can lead to untimely termination of pregnancy, that is, miscarriage. In the later stages, it threatens with premature birth.

Symptoms and consequences of increased uterine tone

Hypertonicity is manifested by pulling or cramping pain in the lower abdomen, in the perineum or lower back. The intensity of the pain can be different: from barely noticeable to strong, acute and prolonged. In the middle and late stages, the stomach can change shape, harden.

Likely bloody issues from the vagina. The last symptom indicates that the situation is dangerous and urgent medical attention is needed.

Even if hypertonicity does not lead to miscarriage, the contracting uterus disrupts blood circulation between the mother's body and the placenta, and the fetus suffers from a lack of oxygen, which is necessary for any living tissue.

Its lack during the period of embryonic development can lead to the death of the embryo or the development of pathologies that will affect the health of the unborn child.

Treatment of uterine hypertonicity

Depending on the degree of excitation of the myometrium, treatment can be inpatient or outpatient. In mild cases, the woman herself can help herself and the child, even without the use of drugs.

Medical treatment

Medications in this state are prescribed only by an obstetrician-gynecologist. In severe cases, a hospital is necessary and sometimes bed rest after discharge.

How to relieve uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy

For minor spasms, you can try home remedies. First, you need to calm down, lie down, warm up (especially your legs!), and try to relax. If the pain does not go away, it is worth taking an antispasmodic - papaverine or no-shpu.

Use during pregnancy medicines undesirable, but a significantly increased tone is just the case when the benefits to the mother and fetus far outweigh the likely harm. If that doesn't work, call an ambulance. At stake is the health, and even the life of the baby.

Maintain normal uterine tone

It is not for nothing that they say that pregnant women should not be nervous. The body reacts to acute stress by secreting certain hormones - adrenaline and norepinephrine. Both of them constrict blood vessels and tone the genitals, including the uterus.

Evolutionarily, these hormones were responsible for survival, they allow a person to gather and use the hidden resources of the body, since before they were released mainly when life was threatened.

In such a situation, the body of the female believes that the conditions for bearing offspring are unfavorable, and sacrifices the child. Now we need to resist evolution.

To do this, you need to learn how to quickly calm down, and it’s better not to even start to worry: if adrenaline is released, it will work for some time.

Learn the technique of auto-training, and at the slightest sign of hypertonicity, apply it.

Let's take physiological causes under control. All hollow organs of the body are susceptible to spasms, therefore it is necessary to monitor the condition of the intestine during pregnancy: its spasms, as well as constipation and flatulence, can provoke excitation of the myometrium.

To avoid unnecessary provocations, it is necessary to follow a diet and lead an active lifestyle: a lack of movement can lead to constipation.

How to identify uterine hypertonicity

Gynecologists determine this condition by palpation, feeling the tense wall of the uterus when feeling the abdomen of a pregnant woman. The degree of its severity is clarified with the help of ultrasound.

Causes of uterine hypertonicity

There are several reasons that can cause this kind of pathology. Let's consider them in more detail.

infections

Any infection triggers an immune response in the body. The immune system is activated, and the fetus, because it is genetically different from the mother, can be perceived by her as a foreign organism, from which the body must be rid. In this case, hypertonicity will develop.

Hormonal disorders

This cause is more common in the first trimester. The hormone progesterone in combination with estrogens is responsible for carrying a pregnancy in the body. If the body does not produce enough of these substances, uterine hypertonicity may occur.

Lack of progesterone can be associated with insufficient hormonal activity of the corpus luteum and placenta, and low production of progesterone by the placenta can be associated with impaired blood circulation in this temporary, but very important organ.

An increase in tone can be associated not only with a lack of pregnancy hormones, but also with an excess of male sex hormones, which, in their action, are opposite to progesterone. Such conditions can occur with diseases of the adrenal glands.

Any endocrinological diseases of a pregnant woman can lead to a decrease in the production of progesterone: diabetes, hypo- and hyperthyroidism and many others.

Therefore, it is extremely important for women who are observed by an endocrinologist during pregnancy to carefully monitor their condition and follow all the doctor's prescriptions.

Structural changes in the uterine walls

If a woman has a history of fibroids, endometriosis, abortions, caesarean sections - all this can affect the current pregnancy, as the walls of the uterus are changed.

Causes related to the fetus

In the III trimester, hypertonicity is often associated with overload of the uterus with polyhydramnios, large pregnancy, multiple pregnancy.

chronic diseases

With an exacerbation of any chronic disease in a pregnant woman, the tone of the uterus may increase. This condition can be caused by any consequence of the underlying disease, from a lack of oxygen in the tissues to the stressful effect of the pain syndrome.

Malformations of the uterus

With a too small (infantile), bicornuate uterus and other anomalies in the development of this organ, the likelihood of developing hypertonicity is much higher than when it is of a normal structure.

Socio-economic factors

Constant stress, sleep disturbances, the inability to relax and get positive emotions - all this leads to an overstrain of the nervous system and the release of stress hormones, which, in their action, are opposite to pregnancy hormones, and, as a result, to the development of hypertonicity.

Affects the tone of the uterus and heavy physical activity. Although it is necessary for pregnant women to move, but lifting weights, working in an incline is not an activity that is safe while expecting a baby.

Complications of real pregnancy

Pathological hypertonicity, in itself, is a complication of pregnancy. But more often it occurs if there are problems with the placenta or fetus, for example, partial detachment of the placenta, large fetuses, etc.

Signs of uterine tone during pregnancy

Hypertonicity is manifested by pulling pain in the lower abdomen, in the perineum, in the lower back. Sometimes there is no pain, there is only a feeling of contractions. Normally, hypertonicity periodically appears in the II trimester, starts abruptly and quickly passes.

This is not a disease, but training contractions: the uterus prepares in advance for the hard work of childbirth. You need to sound the alarm if the tone lasts more than an hour or if there is a dilatation of the cervix.

Diagnosis of uterine tone

Diagnosis should be made by an obstetrician-gynecologist, distinguishing between the normal physiological state and pathology, and evaluating not only the severity of hypertonicity, but also the opening of the cervix.

In the case of pathology, it is necessary to identify the cause that caused the increase in tone, and, acting on it, stop the condition, preventing its recurrence.

How it happens in the early stages

Signs of hypertonicity in early and late pregnancy are similar, but in the early period, cramping pains are uncharacteristic.

What is dangerous uterine hypertonicity

Outside of pregnancy, uterine hypertonicity is not dangerous and can occur before or during menstruation. However, pronounced hypertonicity or its appearance at other stages of the cycle is a reason to contact a gynecologist.

What is dangerous uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy

The spasmodic walls of the uterus compress the placenta and thus disrupt the blood circulation in it. This leads to a lack of oxygen in the child. If the cervix dilates, there is a risk of miscarriage.

Prevention

Outside of pregnancy, it makes no sense to prevent hypertension. As a preventive measure, regular examinations by a gynecologist can be considered.

With the body of the uterus during pregnancy, various changes will occur. It is not uncommon for a woman to be diagnosed with uterine tone. We will deal with all the questions in this article.

What is uterine tone

The uterus is a muscular organ. It consists of three layers - perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium. The muscular layer is the middle myometrium. With any movements - playing sports, laughing, coughing, the uterus is slightly tense, that is, it comes into tone. During pregnancy, there is a concept - hypertonicity, this is when the tone of the uterus increases significantly.

What happens with increased uterine tone

During pregnancy, the uterus naturally increases in size. Her muscle layer increases along with it by about 10-12 times and at the same time thickens 4-5 times. Uterine contractions in pregnant women sometimes occur even during the normal course of pregnancy, this happens closer to childbirth and is called training contractions. They are not dangerous to the fetus and pass quickly. But basically, the uterus is in a relaxed state, which allows you to bear a healthy baby and give birth exactly on time (+/-). However, there may be factors that affect the tone of the uterus, it rises and the muscle tissue contracts. Unfortunately, this is a very dangerous and disturbing process that can cause miscarriage or premature birth.

How to determine the tone of the uterus

You can understand that the tone of the uterus has increased by the following signs:

• Aching pain in the lower abdomen.
• In the later stages, the stomach hardens.
• Bloody discharge appears, usually pink or brown.

If the tone is insignificant, then the woman may not feel it at all.

Why there is an increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy

The reasons for the increased tone of the uterus are very diverse, but there is only one conclusion - the danger of fetal loss. Why a pregnant woman may experience increased uterine tone:

• multiple pregnancy;
• polyhydramnios;
• too large fruit;
• nervous tension, stressful situation;
• physical stress;
• bad habits;
• the result of transferred gynecological diseases and surgical interventions;
• inflammatory processes in the uterus (myoma, polycystic, endometriosis);
• back problems (scoliosis, osteochondrosis, muscle hernia, pinched nerve).

With an increased tone, a woman develops aching and pulling pains in the lower abdomen, her health deteriorates sharply, a feeling of heat appears, the stomach becomes hard, begins to pull the muscles of the back and lower back, and there is a feeling of urge to defecate. You should immediately respond to this and take immediate action.

How long does uterine tone last

Depends on her condition and level of tone. On average, spasmodic sensations last from a few seconds to several minutes. There are different frequencies, 1-2 times per hour or a whole series of spasms. In the later stages, when the so-called training contractions appear, the tone of the uterus can be felt for a long time.

When the tone of the uterus is normal

From time to time, the uterus comes into tone and this is absolutely normal. From intensive actions, the tone rises. If the contractions are not strong and do not occur often, then there is no reason to worry.

What threatens the tone of the uterus

Regular early hypertonicity can lead to miscarriage or the fetal egg will not be able to attach inside. In the later stages, increased tone may result in the premature birth of a child. Also, an increased tone prevents the normal metabolism between the mother's body and the fetus. As a result, the normal development of the unborn child is disrupted. He doesn't get enough oxygen. Placental insufficiency may develop.

How to relieve the tone of the uterus

Pregnancy, of course, is not a disease, and pregnant women have just as many worries as everyone else, if not more. In any case, as soon as the tone of the uterus has increased, the abdominal muscles have become hard and contracted, drop everything immediately and do everything to relax the muscle tissue. The following actions will help to eliminate the increased tone:

What to do if you are away from home

Firstly, if you are in a stuffy room, you should go outside (even in winter, fresh frosty air will ventilate you a little and calm you down) sit down, take a deep breath, stretch your legs, loosen your tight hair and loosen your clothes, breathe evenly, try to relax completely. Sit so calmly for about 20 minutes. As soon as you feel that you are "letting go" do not try to get up abruptly. Slowly get up and try to get to the house or to the clinic as soon as possible.

If you are at home

Lie on the couch, put a firm pillow under your head, relax completely, breathe deeply. Lie down for half an hour in this relaxed position. After the tone has returned to normal, sudden movements are not recommended.

• Relaxing exercises. You need to choose a comfortable position, breathe deeply and calmly. Inhalation is shorter than exhalation. Inhale through nose, exhale through mouth. In this case, you should concentrate on the muscles of the face, then the neck and try to achieve their relaxation. Together with the muscles of the face, the whole body relaxes.
• Take the cat pose. You can bend over and stay in this position for a while, then arch your back and also linger. Repeat 3-4 times. If there is no desire to perform the exercise completely, then you can get on all fours in a knee-elbow position and you need to stand like that for several minutes.
• Take a warm bath with a relaxing aromatic oil such as lavender.
• Drink herbal tea or decoction of chamomile, valerian or motherwort.

If the seizures do not go away, it is better to consult a doctor early.

The tone of the uterus, what to eat

Recommended for increased uterine tone to eat:

• Chicken eggs.
• Lean meat.
• Boiled fish, fatty, but not in large quantities.
• Boiled vegetables.
• Apples, but not sour.
• Cereals.
• Dairy products.

Avoid beets, raw foods, soft cheeses with mold, alcohol, carbonated and coffee-containing drinks, strong tea, including green, junk food like fast food, smoked meats, preservation, marinades.

How to treat uterine tone

Usually, with the threat of a miscarriage, a woman is recommended to undergo treatment in an inpatient department. There, medication relieves the tone of the uterus. If the situation is not so serious, then the doctor prescribes drugs with magnesium, possibly special vitamin complexes. It is recommended to refuse sexual contact, reduce physical activity, observe bed rest, rest more often and stay in a horizontal position.
It should be remembered that uterine hypertonicity often occurs from stress, constant anxiety, negative thoughts, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Not always physical activity leads to increased tone, activities such as swimming or yoga are very good at helping to cope with stress and maintain excellent physical shape.

What drugs reduce the tone of the uterus

Pregnant women should always carry a bottle of water with them and a pack of antispasmodics, which will come to the rescue at any time.

• No-shpa (drotaverine)
• Papaverine (tablets, vaginal suppositories);
• Magne-B6.

Any drug should be prescribed only by a doctor. Do not self-medicate.

- a pathological condition, accompanied by increased contractility of the myometrium, which appears earlier than the established date of birth. Among the clinical signs, there is a visible tension of the anterior abdominal wall, pulling pains in the lower abdomen. To diagnose uterine hypertonicity, an objective examination of a woman and an ultrasound scan are used. Additionally, blood tests to determine hormones may be performed. Treatment consists in ensuring complete rest, prescribing sedatives, antispasmodics, vitamin therapy.

General information

Uterine hypertonicity is an increased excitability of the smooth muscles of the uterus, provoked by hormonal changes or negative psychophysiological factors. This condition is more commonly diagnosed in women under 18 and over 30 years of age. In the first case, the hypertonicity of the uterus is due to the underdevelopment of the genital area and the unpreparedness of the organ for bearing the fetus. As for patients over 30 years old, hyperexcitability usually develops against the background of frequent abortions, previous infections and other obstetric and gynecological pathologies. Uterine hypertonicity poses a real threat to the life and health of the baby, as it can provoke not only hypoxia, but also miscarriage, the onset of premature birth, fetal death.

Causes of uterine hypertonicity

In most cases, uterine hypertonicity develops against the background of reduced production of progesterone, a hormone that ensures the normal course of pregnancy. Under its influence, there is a decrease in the contractility of the myometrium, the excitability of the receptors of the uterus and spinal cord, which together allows you to carry the fetus up to 38-40 weeks and give birth to a healthy baby. Progesterone deficiency with uterine hypertonicity manifests itself in the form of spontaneous miscarriages, fetal hypoxia, miscarriage, or premature birth. Therefore, during treatment, the main goal should be to influence these etiological links of the pathological condition.

Uterine hypertonicity often develops when a woman has hyperandrogenism - a condition in which there is an increased production of male sex hormones. This diagnosis is also possible with genital infantilism. In this case, an underdeveloped uterus in response to an excessive increase may respond with increased hyperexcitability. Hyperprolactinemia is also a common cause of uterine hypertonicity. The condition is accompanied by increased production of prolactin, which blocks the production of progesterone and leads to an increase in the contractility of smooth muscles.

Often, uterine hypertonicity is due to hormone-dependent diseases that a woman suffered from even before conception. Among them are fibroids, endometriosis. Previously transferred inflammatory processes that spread to the uterine cavity and appendages also increase the likelihood of developing increased excitability of the myometrium. Uterine hypertonicity may be due to dysregulation of the central nervous system, which manifests itself in an increase in contractility, the inability to maintain optimal muscle tone. Women with multiple pregnancies, polyhydramnios, in the presence of a large fetus are more susceptible to such a pathology. These factors contribute to excessive overstretching of the myometrium.

The risk group for the development of uterine hypertonicity includes patients with genetic abnormalities, thyroid diseases, who have had viral infections in the early stages of pregnancy. When the expectant mother's body is exposed to negative factors (harmful working conditions, lack of sleep, daily work), the likelihood of this condition also increases. Often, uterine hypertonicity is due to psycho-emotional experiences, stress, bad habits. Therefore, such factors should be excluded from the life of the patient.

Symptoms of uterine hypertonicity

Depending on which part of the myometrium is tense, in obstetrics, 1 and 2 degrees of uterine hypertonicity are distinguished. In the first case, only the posterior wall of the organ is reduced, which is most often not accompanied by pathological manifestations. In the third trimester of pregnancy, uterine hypertonicity of the 1st degree can be manifested by slight pulling pains in the lower back, a feeling of heaviness in the sacrum. There are usually no other symptoms.

Hypertonicity of the uterus of the 2nd degree implies tension of the myometrium of the anterior wall of the organ and is accompanied by a more pronounced clinical picture. The main symptom is pulling pains in the lower abdomen, similar to those that occur in women in the premenstrual period. Often, with hypertonicity of the uterus, the pain spreads to the perineum, there may be a feeling of fullness in the external genitalia. At the same time, there is an increase in urination, a contraction of the muscle fibers of the rectum, similar to the urge to defecate.

Visually, with hypertonicity of the uterus, the abdomen becomes dense, slightly rises, acquires more rounded shapes than usual. It is possible to determine the tension of the myometrium through the anterior abdominal wall by palpation. As for the lower segment of the penis, that is, the cervix, with uterine hypertonicity, its contraction is usually not observed, although such a symptom is sometimes present if the woman previously had cervical canal injuries, for example, during previous births.

Diagnosis of uterine hypertonicity

Hypertension of the uterus alarm symptom in obstetrics, which may indicate a possible likelihood of spontaneous abortion or premature birth. Therefore, the health and life of the fetus depends on timely diagnosis and treatment. An obstetrician-gynecologist can identify hypertonicity of the uterus with the help of a routine objective examination of a woman, which is carried out at each appointment. On palpation of the abdomen, tension of the myometrium will be felt, the intensity of such a sign may be different - up to a feeling of "petrification". In this case, patients often report discomfort and even pain.

Ultrasound scanning is used as an additional method for diagnosing uterine hypertonicity. With the help of this study, it is possible to determine the local or total contraction of the myometrium. At 1 degree of hypertonicity, a thickening of the muscular layer of the uterus is observed on one side. If a similar sign is detected in the area of ​​​​attachment of the placenta, then there is a high probability of its detachment. With uterine hypertonicity of the 2nd degree, the entire myometrium is thickened, there are corresponding clinical symptoms. Also, to determine contractility, tonusometry can be performed - measuring the tone of the uterus using a special sensor, which is placed on the anterior abdominal wall and records the level of tension in the muscle layer.

Treatment of uterine hypertonicity

With hypertonicity of the uterus, a pregnant woman, first of all, should be provided with bed rest. It is necessary to eliminate any negative factors (physical activity, stress) that can cause an aggravation of the pathological condition. If excessive contractility of the myometrium is not accompanied by severe symptoms, treatment can be carried out on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization of a woman is indicated for grade 2 uterine hypertonicity, especially if spotting from the vagina is observed. This symptom may indicate an early abortion, premature birth or placental abruption in the 2nd-3rd trimester.

Drug treatment of uterine hypertonicity depends on the etiology of the pathological condition. With a lack of progesterone production, progesterone preparations are prescribed. If uterine hypertonicity has developed against the background of magnesium deficiency, the patient is shown taking tablets based on this trace element or injecting magnesium sulfate in case of medical care in a hospital setting. Under the action of this component, there is a decrease in the contractility of the myometrium, the normalization of the transmission of nerve impulses.

Antispasmodics are prescribed as symptomatic therapy for uterine hypertonicity. They reduce the contractility of the myometrium and eliminate pain. The use of sedatives is also indicated. With uterine hypertonicity, mainly herbal preparations are used. Additionally, vitamin complexes are used. Until the 34th week of pregnancy, tocolytics are prescribed, which reduce contractions of the myometrium and suppress the onset of labor. With this diagnosis, specialists always try to prolong pregnancy management as much as possible and bring the fetus to 38 weeks.

Prediction and prevention of uterine hypertonicity

In most cases, the prognosis for uterine hypertonicity is favorable. With timely medical care, it is possible to suppress the increased excitability of the myometrium and prolong the gestation of the fetus until the expected date of birth. With the progression of uterine hypertonicity, the possibility of giving birth to a viable baby appears only for a period of 25-28 weeks. At earlier stages, the fetus simply will not be able to survive in environmental conditions.

Prevention of uterine hypertonicity should begin even when planning conception. It is important to timely detect and treat sexual infections, diseases of hormonal etiology. After the onset of pregnancy, the prevention of uterine hypertonicity is to reduce physical activity, the correct organization of the work and rest regimen. You should also completely eliminate emotional experiences and stress. If even minimal signs of uterine hypertonicity are observed, you should immediately seek medical help.