Cook names. How to choose good birth control pills for women. Hormonal contraceptive regimens

Hormonal contraception is a highly effective method of preventing pregnancy if used correctly. If we judge the pros and cons of a particular method of contraception, then the advantages of hormonal contraceptives are much greater than the disadvantages. But in addition to following the rules of administration, you should also choose the right hormonal pills or their analogues in order to avoid side effects.

Types of hormonal contraception

There are different types of hormonal contraceptives. There are several types of hormonal contraceptives:

• combined oral contraceptives or COCs;
• progestin drugs:
  • pure progestins or mini-pills;
  • injectable progestins (have a prolonged effect);
  • progestins that are implanted;
  • contraceptive patch;
• drugs for emergency or fire contraception;
• hormonal intrauterine system;
• vaginal rings with hormones.

Combined oral contraceptives (COCs)

These types of hormonal pills include those that contain both estrogens and gestagens. Depending on the content of hormonal components, COCs are divided into:

• monophasic (each tablet contains the same dose of estrogen and progestogen components) - rigevidon, logest, silest;
• two-phase – anteovin, divina;
• triphasic – tri-regol, triziston.

The effect of this type of hormonal contraception is to suppress the production of the ovaries' own hormones, as a result of which ovulation does not occur. In addition, such tablets thicken mucus in cervical canal, which makes it impossible for sperm to penetrate the uterine cavity and changes the uterine mucosa (to some extent atrophying it), which prevents egg implantation.

How to choose the best COCs

It should be noted that among any hormonal contraceptives, both pills and other drugs, not a single doctor will say which is better. The female body is a complex system that easily responds to the slightest changes in hormonal levels, and what is ideal for one woman does not necessarily suit another, it all depends on individual characteristics. It is not recommended to choose COCs on your own, as well as any other hormonal contraceptives; your doctor will help you suggest the appropriate option. After passing certain tests, conducting an external examination and a gynecological examination, the doctor will get an idea of ​​the type of female phenotype and, based on this, will recommend the most suitable drug.

Types of female phenotypes:

• Estrogen (feminine) type
  It is characterized by a long menstrual cycle, fairly heavy menstruation, significant vaginal leucorrhea, and the woman is very feminine in appearance: developed mammary glands, rounded shape with a tendency to be overweight, normal skin(closer to dry) and hair. For women with a predominance of estrogen, COCs are suitable, the dose of the progestogen component in which is higher than the estrogen content (Norinil, Minulet).
• Balanced type
  Characterized by a balance between estrogens and gestagens. All external and clinical signs are expressed to a moderate degree: the mammary glands are of medium size, the body structure is proportional, the skin is of normal oiliness and moisture, the hair is thick and dense, there are no problems with conceiving and carrying a pregnancy. For such women, three-phase (tri-Mercy) or single-phase COCs with a low content of hormones (Lindinet-20, Mercilon, Marvelon) are optimal.
• Progesterone phenotype
  Another name is the bone or ectomorphic phenotype. Characterized by a predominance of progesterone (released in phase 2 of the cycle). Women have the following features: uniform development of shoulders and hips, like a “sports figure”, uniform distribution subcutaneous fat, closer to the android (male) type, underdeveloped mammary glands, tall stature, oily skin and hair, acne and seborrhea. Hypertrichosis and hirsutism are also characteristic (depending on nationality). Menstruation is scanty and short, the menstrual cycle is short. For women with a progesterone phenotype, COCs with an antiandrogenic component (Zhanine, Yarina, Diane, Jess) are suitable.

New generation hormonal COCs

The list of new generation hormonal contraceptives includes:

Jess
Ideal for young women. The dose of hormones in these tablets is very low, so they are classified as low-dose hormonal contraceptives. Due to the low hormone content, the risk of developing vascular complications (thrombophlebitis, thromboembolism) is reduced. Jess is well tolerated and does not affect the digestive tract (nausea, vomiting). Recommended to eliminate signs of premenstrual syndrome and eliminate acne. Taking Jess does not affect a woman’s weight and has a positive effect on hair and nails.

Novinet
This combined oral contraceptive contains: ethinyl estradiol in an amount of 20 mcg and desogestrel in a dose of 150 mcg.

The drug normalizes the menstrual cycle, reduces the amount of menstrual flow, does not affect a woman’s weight and has a minimum of side effects. After childbirth (in the absence of lactation), taking Novinet is allowed for 21 days.

Janine
Included in the group of monophasic low-dose COCs. Has an antiandrogenic effect: successful fight against acne, seborrhea and oily skin, hirsutism. Has an excellent contraceptive effect.

Lindinet-20
The drug contains ethinyl estradiol in an amount of 20 mcg and gestodene in a dosage of 75 mcg. Refers to COCs with low hormone content. Taking Lindinet-20 does not increase weight, the risk of side effects (nausea, vomiting) is minimal.

Yarina
Yarina belongs to the new generation of COCs and has an antiandrogenic effect. The drug contains ethinyl estradiol 30 mcg and drospirenone at a dose of 3 mg. Successfully eliminates skin problems (excessive oiliness, acne), has a beneficial effect on the condition of the hair and reduces the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome. The development of side effects is minimal.

Pros of taking COCs

The benefits of taking COCs include:

• simplicity and ease of use;
• relief of symptoms of premenstrual tension;
• reduction of menstrual blood loss;
• normalization of the menstrual cycle;
• prevention of mastopathy and the development of benign tumors of the internal genital organs;
• high contraceptive effect.

Disadvantages of taking COCs

Of the negative aspects of taking COCs, the following should be noted:

• not recommended for women 35 years of age or older;
• require discipline (daily intake at the same time);
• spotting is possible when taking hormonal contraceptives (in the middle of the cycle, especially during the first 3 months of use);
• prescribed with extreme caution smoking women;
• do not protect against sexually transmitted infections.

Mini-pill

These tablets (exluton, microlut) contain only progestogens, and in very small doses. The mechanism of action of this type of hormonal contraceptives consists of several points. First of all, this is a cervical factor - the volume of cervical mucus decreases, but it becomes thick and viscous, which makes it difficult for sperm to penetrate the uterus. Secondly, this is a uterine factor - progestogens cause premature secretory transformation of the uterine mucosa (normally this occurs in phase 2 of the cycle), which makes implantation impossible. Moreover, with long-term use of the mini-pill, endometrial atrophy occurs. There is also a tubal factor, caused by weakened peristalsis of the tubes, which slows down the movement of the egg through the tube and reduces its chances of fertilization. And in 25–30% of women, such pills suppress ovulation.

• breastfeeding;
• are overweight;
• cannot tolerate estrogens;
• are premenopausal.

Charosetta
The drug contains desogestrel in a dosage of 75 mcg. Excellent for use by nursing mothers and women who have contraindications to the use of estrogens. Does not affect the amount of milk, quickly restores the menstrual cycle after childbirth.

Lactinet
The drug contains 75 mcg of desogestrel. It has a good contraceptive effect, is suitable for lactating women, and does not affect weight. Side effects: spotting may appear during the first three months of use.

Exluton
The tablets contain linestrenol at a dose of 500 mcg. Does not affect weight, does not reduce libido, an excellent choice for contraception for postpartum women who are breastfeeding.

Pros of the mini-pill

The advantages of the mini-pill are:

• low risk of developing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathology (heart attacks, strokes) due to the small amount of progestogen and the absence of estrogens;
• do not affect blood clotting;
• do not affect lipid metabolism (do not provoke weight gain);
• relieves premenstrual syndrome well;
• indispensable for the occurrence of regular ovulatory pain and cycle disorders;
• Possibility of use by women who smoke;
• simplicity and ease of use.

Cons of the mini-pill

Among the disadvantages of these tablets, it should be noted:

• the contraceptive effect is less pronounced than that of COCs;
• require strict adherence to the pill regimen;
• the risk of functional ovarian cysts and ectopic pregnancy increases;
• frequent cycle disturbances in the form of acyclic bleeding;
• shortening of the cycle (25 days or less).

Injectable contraceptives - Depo-Provera

Injectable progestins

The mechanism of action of these contraceptives is the same as that of the mini-pill. The most common drugs are Depo-Provera (150 mg) and norethisterate. Positive points Such contraceptives are: long-lasting (one injection once a quarter), easy to use, high reliability. The disadvantages include: long restoration of fertility (about 5 - 7 months), the drug cannot be quickly removed from the body, frequent occurrence of acyclic bleeding and regular visits to the clinic for repeated injections.

Transdermal therapeutic system

This method of contraception includes the hormonal contraceptive patch Evra. Presented in the form of a square piece of plaster measuring 5 by 5 cm, flesh-colored. Contraceptive effectiveness reaches 99%. The patch contains ethinyl estradiol at a dose of 600 mcg and norelgestromin at a dosage of 6 mg, that is, it belongs to combined hormonal contraceptives. The package contains 3 patches, each of which is glued to a specific area of ​​the skin (in the area of ​​the buttocks or abdomen, on the outer surface of the shoulder or in the scapular area) once a week. The patch should be applied on the first day of menstruation, but it can also be applied on any other day of the week, but in this case additional contraception is required for 7 days. After a week, you need to peel off the patch and attach a new one, but on a different area of ​​the skin. After using 3 patches (21 days), you must take a week's break, during which menstrual-like bleeding will begin. After the break, on the 8th day, a new patch is applied.

Pros of the hormonal patch

The advantages of this hormonal method of contraception include:

• lower dose of hormones (compared to COCs);
• simplicity and ease of use;
• no need for daily monitoring, for example, as with daily hormonal pills;
• resistant to moisture and sun (will not come off in the shower or while sunbathing);
• maintaining the contraceptive effect when performing physical exercise, in a sauna or bathhouse, during a tanning procedure;
• normalization of the menstrual cycle, elimination of intermenstrual bleeding;
• no negative effect on the liver (hormonal components bypass the digestive tract);
• reduction of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

Cons of the hormonal patch

Among the disadvantages it should be noted:

• itching (possibly, but not necessarily) at the site of attachment of the patch;
• visible on the skin as an aesthetic defect;
• the likelihood of side effects;
• peeling of the patch upon frequent contact with water;
• There is no protection against sexually transmitted infections.

Subcutaneous implants

Subcutaneous implants are also included in long-acting progestogen contraceptives (Norplant, Implanon). The essence of their contraceptive effect, the disadvantages and advantages are the same as those of injectable progestins. The only difference is that they are injected subcutaneously (capsules with levonorgestrel) into the forearm area with inside. The duration of the contraceptive effect of Norplant is 5 years (6 capsules are implanted at the same time with a special syringe).

Emergency contraceptive pills

Hormonal drug Escapelle for emergency contraception Hormonal contraceptives for fire (postcoital) contraception are divided into 2 groups. The first group includes tablets with a high content of levonorgestrel - progestin (postinor or escapelle), and the second group includes drugs with mifepristone - an antiestrogen (gynepristone). Hormonal contraception is called emergency or emergency, as it is used after unprotected sexual intercourse (damage to the condom, rape).

The essence of such pills is either to block ovulation or to prevent implantation. If all conditions for taking the medicine are met, the contraceptive effect is quite high. Emergency contraception should be carried out no later than 72 hours after unprotected sex, and the earlier the pill was taken, the higher the effectiveness (you should take 2 pills in total: the first immediately after intercourse, and the second no later than 12 hours after the first).

The disadvantages of this method of contraception include: frequent occurrence of heavy discharge up to massive bleeding, severe side effects, and menstrual irregularities. But it is important to remember that you should not resort to emergency contraception more than three times a year.

Hormonal intrauterine system

This group of hormonal contraceptives includes the intrauterine device (Mirena), which contains levonorgestrel, which begins to be released immediately after installation of the device. The mechanism of action is double - pregnancy prevention, both with the spiral and with levonorgestrel.

Vaginal hormonal contraceptives

A vaginal contraceptive ring that contains hormones (estrogen - ethinyl estradiol and progestogen - etonogestrel components) - NuvaRing. The contraceptive is presented in the form of an elastic ring, which is installed in the vagina for 3 weeks; during the specified time, hormones are released from it, which have a contraceptive effect similar to COCs.

Cancellation of hormonal contraceptives

The abolition of hormonal contraceptives is carried out either at the request of the woman (she is determined to become pregnant or switch to another type of contraception), or for medical reasons. In the absence of emergency indications, you must stop taking hormonal contraceptive pills according to the following rules:

• finish the entire package (stopping taking pills at the beginning or middle of the cycle threatens the development of hormonal imbalances);
• consult a doctor (select a different method of contraception or discuss the stages of pregnancy planning);
• take a biochemical blood test and blood clotting test (hormonal contraceptives affect the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, increase blood viscosity).

After abrupt withdrawal of hormonal contraception (suspicion of pregnancy, thrombosis, liver disease, increased blood pressure, etc.), the following side effects are possible:

• depression;
• the appearance of acne;
• increased hair growth;
• weakening of sexual desire;
• the occurrence of breakthrough bleeding;
• the appearance of headaches;
• nausea, vomiting.

Many women are afraid to take birth control pills for fear of side effects. Innovative technologies allow the production of contraceptive drugs containing a minimal amount of hormones and affecting exclusively the process of conception.

pharmachologic effect

New generation birth control pills contain a complex of progestogens and estrogens. These sex hormones inhibit the synthesis of gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormone) in the pituitary gland of the brain. As a result, the process of egg maturation and follicle rupture is blocked, so pregnancy cannot occur.

Oral contraceptives help thicken the cervical mucus, which makes it difficult for sperm to move and penetrate into the uterus. After taking birth control pills, a secretory transformation of the endometrial layer occurs; even if spontaneous ovulation occurs, fertilization of the egg occurs, the embryo cannot be implanted into the uterine wall.

Third-generation progestogens have a high affinity for the hormonal receptors of progesterone, so they can bind to them and have a contraceptive effect, blocking ovulation and the release of FSH and LH. At the same time, progestogens have a low affinity for androgen receptors, which reduces the risk of side effects such as male-pattern hair growth, acne, excess weight, hair loss, irritability, etc.

The contraceptive effect of the pills is mainly provided by progestogens; estrogens support the proliferation of the inner layer of the uterus, control the course of the menstrual cycle, and replace the lack of estradiol, the synthesis of which is blocked along with ovulation. Thanks to synthetic estrogens, intermenstrual bleeding does not occur while taking modern birth control pills.

Depending on the composition of the active ingredients, COCs are distinguished - combined oral contraceptives containing progestogens + estrogens, and purely progestogen contraceptive pills (mini-pills).

Taking into account the daily dosage of synthetic estrogens, COCs are classified:

• High-dose ones contain up to 50 mcg/day. ethinyl estradiol.
• Low-dose contraceptives include no more than 35 mcg/day. estrogenic component.
• Microdosed tablets are characterized by the smallest amount, not exceeding 20 mcg/day.

High-dose hormonal contraceptives are used only in medicinal purposes and for emergency protection after unprotected intercourse. Currently, preference is given to low and micro-dose contraceptives for the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.

Depending on the combination of progestogens and estrogens, COCs are divided into:

• Monophasic tablets are characterized by a constant daily dose of both sex hormones.
• Multiphasic contraceptives are characterized by variable dosages of estrogen. This creates an imitation of fluctuations in hormonal balance in a woman’s body during different phases of the menstrual cycle.

Low hormone tablets provide reliable protection against unplanned pregnancy (99%), are well tolerated, and allow you to control the menstrual cycle. After stopping taking COCs, reproductive function is restored within 1–12 months.

In addition to the contraceptive effect, oral contraceptives are prescribed for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, reducing the volume of blood loss during menstruation, ovulatory pain, and reducing the frequency of relapses of inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system. COCs reduce the risk of developing endometrial cancer of the uterus, ovaries, rectum, anemia, and ectopic pregnancy.

Pros and cons of taking COCs

The main benefits of taking combined birth control pills include:

• high level reliability – 99%;
• additional therapeutic effect;
• prevention of chronic diseases, cancer;
• rapid contraceptive effect of pills;
• protection against ectopic pregnancy;
• accidental use of COCs in early pregnancy is not dangerous;
• prevent the occurrence of intermenstrual, dysfunctional uterine bleeding;
• contraceptives are suitable for long-term contraception;
• the ability to stop taking the pill if you want to get pregnant;
• the condition of the skin improves.

After short-term use of combined oral contraceptives (3 months), the sensitivity of hormonal receptors in the ovaries increases, therefore, after discontinuation of COCs, increased stimulation of ovulation and the release of gonadotropins occurs - a rebound effect. This method of therapy helps women suffering from anovulation to become pregnant.

The disadvantages of taking birth control pills include high cost and possible side effects. Undesirable manifestations are rare (10–30%), mainly in the first few months. Later, the women's condition returns to normal. The simultaneous use of COCs and anticonvulsants, antituberculosis drugs, tetracyclines, antidepressants reduces the therapeutic effect of contraceptives.

Common side effects include:

• irritability, aggressiveness, tendency to depression;
• migraine;
• swelling of the mammary glands;
• impaired glucose tolerance;
• weight gain;
• chloasma - the appearance of age spots on the skin;
• acne, seborrhea;
• breakthrough bleeding;
• intermenstrual bleeding;
• thrombophlebitis;
• decreased libido;
• amenorrhea due to endometrial atrophy;
• increased blood pressure.

If side effects do not go away after 3 months of taking contraceptives, the pills are discontinued or replaced with other drugs. A complication such as thromboembolism is extremely rare.

Indications and contraindications for taking COCs

Combined oral contraceptives are suitable for women who have regular sex life, suffer from painful, heavy menstruation, endometriosis, and benign tumors of the mammary glands. It is possible to prescribe birth control pills in the postpartum period if the mother does not breastfeed.

Contraindications:

• thrombophlebitis;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• diabetes;
• pregnancy or suspicion of possible conception;
• pancreatitis;
• inflammatory diseases, liver tumors;
• renal failure;
• lactation;
• uterine bleeding of unknown etiology;
• migraine;
• individual intolerance to the active ingredients.

If pregnancy occurs, birth control pills should be stopped immediately. But if a woman takes the medicine after conception, there is no significant risk to the intrauterine development of the child.

COC dosage regimens

Contraceptives are selected individually for each woman. This takes into account the presence of gynecological diseases, concomitant systemic ailments, and possible contraindications.

The doctor advises the patient about the rules for taking COCs and monitors them for 3–4 months. During this period, the tolerability of the pills is assessed, and a decision may be made to cancel or replace the contraceptive. Dispensary records are maintained throughout the entire period of contraceptive use.

First-line drugs include monophasic COCs containing estrogen no more than 35 mcg/day. and gestagens with weak androgenic effects. Three-phase tablets are prescribed for primary or secondary estrogen deficiency, decreased libido, dry vaginal mucous membranes, and menstrual irregularities.

After starting to take birth control pills, side effects may occur in the form of spotting, intermenstrual bleeding, breakthrough uterine bleeding caused by changes in hormonal levels. After 3 months, all symptoms should go away. If the discomfort persists, the drug is replaced taking into account the problems that have arisen.

Birth control pills are taken at the same time every day. For convenience, serial numbers are indicated on the blister. COCs are started on the first day of the menstrual cycle and continued for 21 days. Then they take a break for 1 week, during this period withdrawal bleeding is observed, which ends after the start of a new package.

If you miss taking another contraceptive pill, you should take it no later than 12 hours later. If more time has passed, the contraceptive effect of the drug will be lower. Therefore, over the next 7 days it is necessary to use additional barrier agents against unwanted pregnancy (condom, suppositories). You cannot stop taking COCs.

Dosage regimens

Schemes for prolonged use of combined oral contraceptives for menstrual irregularities:

• Short dosing of birth control pills allows you to increase the interval between periods by 1-4 weeks. Such regimens are used to delay spontaneous menstruation, prevent bleeding, and cancel after a course of oral contraceptives.
• Long-term dosing is prescribed to delay menstruation from 7 weeks to several months. Treatment with birth control pills is prescribed for anemia, endometriosis, premenstrual syndrome, hyperpolymenorrhea.

Some women prefer cyclic use of COCs with a seven-day break due to fear of pregnancy and infertility. Some patients believe that menstruation is a physiological process.

Popular combined oral contraceptives

Low Hormone Microdose Pills:

• Median is a monophasic estrogen-progestogen COC. The drug contains drospirenone, which has an antimineralkorticoid effect, prevents excess body weight gain, the appearance of edema, acne, oily skin, and seborrhea.
• contains ethinyl estradiol 20 mcg, dospirinone 3 mg. The contraceptive drug is prescribed for contraception purposes, for the treatment of severe acne, painful menstruation.
• Lindinet 20 tablets include ethinyl estradiol 20 mcg, gestodene - 75 mcg. Indicated for use when painful menstruation, with an irregular cycle, for contraception.
• Zoely. Active ingredients: estradiol hemihydrate – 1.55 mg, nomegestrol acetate – 2.5 mg. Nomegestrol acetate is a highly selective progestogen with a similar structure to progesterone. The active component has mild androgenic activity and does not have mineralocorticoid, estrogenic or glucocorticoid effects.

Mini-pill

Popular contraceptive pills with minimal hormone content - mini-pills - are an alternative means of contraception for women who are contraindicated in taking COCs. The drugs contain microdoses of progestin, an analogue of progesterone. One capsule contains 300–500 mcg/day. The action of mini-pills is inferior to COCs, but they have a milder effect; they are recommended for women who experience side effects after taking combined contraceptive pills.

Representatives of the fairer sex can take low-dose progestin preparations during lactation; the active substance does not affect the taste of breast milk and does not reduce its volume. Unlike COCs, mini-pills do not cause blood thickening, do not contribute to thrombus formation, or increase blood pressure, therefore they are approved for use in cardiovascular pathologies and thrombophlebitis.

Progestin-only birth control pills do not affect ovulation; they thicken cervical mucus, preventing sperm from entering the uterine cavity and ovaries. In addition, the peristalsis of the fallopian tubes slows down, proliferative changes in the endometrium occur, which does not allow the embryo to implant in the event of fertilization of the egg. When taking gestagen drugs, the menstrual cycle and regular bleeding are maintained.

The contraceptive effect is achieved 3–4 hours after taking the tablet and lasts for 24 hours. Mini-pills provide 95% protection against unplanned pregnancy.

Rules for using the mini-pill

Before starting to use contraceptives, women must be examined by a gynecologist to rule out pregnancy and chronic diseases of the reproductive system. To get the desired result, you must strictly follow the rules for using the mini-pill:

• Taking pills starts from the first day and continues until the 28th day of the menstrual cycle, drinking them continuously at the same time. Missing the next dose of contraceptives for more than 3 hours completely eliminates the contraceptive effect.
• Nausea may occur during the first few weeks, but this symptom usually goes away gradually. To reduce discomfort, it is recommended to take the tablet with food.
• If you vomit after taking the mini-pill, you should take the pill again as soon as you feel normal. This recommendation also applies to diarrhea. In the next 7 days, you must use additional contraception (condom) to protect against unwanted pregnancy.
• When switching from COCs, you should take mini-pills immediately after finishing the package of combined contraceptives.
• Pregnancy can occur in the first month after stopping progestogen pills. Ovulation occurs 7–30 days (average 17) after the end of the 56-day course.
• Women who are prone to the appearance of age spots (chloasma) after exposure to the sun should avoid prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
• When taking mini-pills and barbiturates, activated carbon, laxatives, anticonvulsants, and Rifampicin at the same time, the effectiveness of contraceptives becomes less.
• In the postpartum period, progestin contraceptives are prescribed on the first day of menstruation, but not earlier than 6 months after the birth of the child.
• After an abortion, you start taking pills immediately after the operation; no additional contraception is required.
• The contraceptive effect of the mini-pill is weakened if the gap between taking the next contraceptive pill is more than 27 hours. If a woman forgets to take the medicine, it is necessary to do so as soon as possible and then strictly follow the treatment regimen. During next week it is necessary to use additional means of protection against pregnancy.

Contraindications

It is contraindicated to take oral contraceptives with a low dose of hormones during pregnancy, with uterine bleeding of unknown etiology, liver disease, taking steroids, exacerbation of herpes, liver failure. You should not take the pills if you have previously had an ectopic pregnancy, or if you have detected or suspected malignant tumors of the mammary glands. Contraindications include lactose intolerance and glucose-galactose malabsorption.

A decrease in the effectiveness of contraceptives can be observed if the rules of administration are violated, the use of laxatives, barbiturates, anticonvulsants, after vomiting, diarrhea. Irregular menstruation may occur against the background of gestagen pills. In such cases, it is necessary to stop taking the mini-pill, eliminate possible pregnancy(including ectopic) and only after that resume the course.

Side effects of birth control pills

Mini-pills have fewer side effects than COCs. The negative consequences of taking birth control pills include:

• vaginal candidiasis (thrush);
• nausea, vomiting;
• intermenstrual bleeding;
• intolerance to contact lenses;
• swelling of the mammary glands, discharge from the nipples;

• contraceptives cause weight gain;
• the appearance of chloasma;
• urticaria, erythema nodosum;
• headache;
• acne;
• breakthrough bleeding while taking drugs that affect liver function;
• decreased libido;
• follicular ovarian cyst;
• amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea.

Minipills may increase insulin requirements in patients diabetes mellitus. Therefore, before taking birth control pills, it is necessary to consult with an endocrinologist and, if necessary, adjust the dosage of hypoglycemic agents. Women should constantly monitor their blood sugar levels during the first month of taking the mini-pill.

In rare cases, the use of progestin agents can provoke the development of thromboembolism. It should be taken into account that in women over 40 years of age, the risk of developing breast cancer increases during treatment with hormonal drugs. If serious side effects occur, the mini-pill should be discontinued.

If, after pregnancy, there is an accidental use of contraceptives, there is no risk to the fetus, but the further course of pills should be discontinued. At high dosages of progestogens, masculinization of the female embryo can be observed. During lactation, part of the active substances of the drug penetrates into breast milk, however, its taste does not change.

Popular mini-pills

• Femulen (ethinodiol).
• Exluton (linestrenol 0.5 mg).
• Charosetta. The active substance is desogestrel in a dosage of 75 mcg. The tablets do not cause significant disturbances in carbohydrate, lipid metabolism, or hemostasis.
• Microlut (levonorgestrel 0.03 mg).
• Continuin (ethinodiol acetate 0.5 mg).

The disadvantages of using progestin contraceptive pills include the possible formation of follicular ovarian cysts, menstrual irregularities, edema, weight gain, and irritability. The contraceptive effect of the mini-pill is lower than that of COCs, 90–97%.

Modern contraceptives contain small doses of hormones, to a lesser extent provoke the development of side effects, provide reliable protection against unplanned pregnancy. The pills are prescribed by the attending physician, taking into account the woman’s individual indications. The patient must be registered at the dispensary for the entire period of use of the COC or mini-pill. Particularly careful monitoring is carried out during the first 3–4 months from the start of using oral contraceptives.

The principle of action of hormonal drugs is that under the influence of hormones occurs ovulation blockade, i.e. The egg does not mature and is not released from the ovary. And since sperm have nothing to fertilize, then pregnancy does not occur.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW!!!
Hormonal pills do not protect against sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, the mandatory conditions for their use are the presence of one permanent sexual partner, and the absence of sexually transmitted infections in both of you.

With the correct, systematic use of hormonal pills, you have one hundred percent protection against unwanted pregnancy.

Which hormonal drug to choose?

For the correct selection of hormonal contraceptives you need to contact a gynecologist and take a blood test for the hormones of your own ovaries(FSH, estradiol and testosterone) in the middle of the menstrual cycle.

If it is not possible to undergo such an analysis, then you can choose a contraceptive for yourself, taking into account the following information.

Modern hormonal pills can be divided into several groups, each of which is suitable for a certain category of women. This takes into account age, whether the woman has given birth or not, and whether she suffers from any hormonal or other disorders of the body.

Check out the following groups of hormonal pills and determine which one is right for you. Then look through the list of drugs in the group that suits you and attentively study the annotations for all medications (especially regarding contraindications). If you have no contraindications to the use of these drugs, then choose any one at your discretion.

Combined oral contraceptives:

• Microdosed hormonal drugs:
  Contraception for young, nulliparous women who have regular sex life (once a week or more often). Great for those who have never used hormonal contraceptives.
  
• Low-dose hormonal drugs:
  Contraception for young, nulliparous women who have regular sexual activity (once a week or more), if microdosing drugs do not block ovulation. Contraception for women who have given birth, or women of late reproductive age.
  
• Medium-dose hormonal drugs:
  Excellent contraception for women who have given birth or women of late reproductive age who have regular sex life (once a week or more often).
• High-dose hormonal drugs:
  They are used mainly for the treatment of hormonal diseases, but can be used as contraception for women who have given birth or women of late reproductive age who have regular sex life (once a week or more), provided that low- and medium-dose drugs do not block ovulation.

Progestin oral contraceptives:

Contraception during lactation, for women who have given birth or women of late reproductive age who have regular sex life (once a week or more often), in case of contraindications to the use of combined oral contraceptives (estrogens). The drugs are also used to treat fibroids, endometriosis and some other diseases.

How to take hormonal pills?

All hormonal pills are taken according to a certain schedule, which cannot be violated. it is forbidden, otherwise your menstrual cycle may be disrupted or an unplanned pregnancy may occur.

The pills should be taken at the same time every day. Choose a convenient time for yourself and do everything to remember to take your pills at this time. You will find more detailed information in the annotation for the drug.

Complete protection against unwanted pregnancy is achieved only with second package drug. During the first month, the body adapts to new hormones and the probability of conception is not yet zero. Therefore, when taking the first package of hormonal tablets Necessarily you need to use additional contraception.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW!!!
The effectiveness of this method of contraception may be reduced due to the use of certain medications (analgesics, tranquilizers, antibiotics, etc.), if the drug regimen is violated, as well as with frequent vomiting (side effect).

If you have started taking this or that hormonal drug for the first time in your life, then in the first month of taking it, on the 11-12th day of the menstrual cycle, you must visit a gynecologist and undergo an ultrasound to determine whether the drug has blocked the maturation of the egg. M-echo in the uterus must be linear, no higher than 3-5 mm; follicles in the ovaries are no larger than 4-6 mm. This is the only way you can be sure of the reliability of the chosen drug.

Provided that the eggs do not mature and you are satisfied with your health (there are no side effects), then you can opt for this drug. If the ultrasound shows that the egg continues to mature, then you need a drug containing more high dose of the hormone.

What to do if... (Frequently asked questions)

• Did you forget to take your pill on time?
Take your next tablet when possible (the sooner the better), even if this means taking two tablets. If you miss taking a pill for more than 24 hours, you must use additional methods of contraception until the end of the pack, as the risk of pregnancy increases. If the delay in admission was less than 12 hours, nothing urgent can be done.
• Are you experiencing any noticeable side effects?
If you feel unwell (nausea, headache, high blood pressure, depression, sudden weight gain), then you need to change the drug to another from the same group, or containing a lower dose of the hormone.
• Did you vomit shortly after taking the pill?
  Take another tablet of the same type (in this case, you must have a spare package of the drug). Then continue taking it according to the regimen, but use additional methods of contraception until the end of the package. If such phenomena are frequent, then change the drug to another from the same group.

  ATTENTION!!!
  The composition of each hormonal pill is different (this does not apply to all drugs), and for a certain day of the cycle there is a different amount of hormones. Therefore, replace the “spoiled” tablet only with a similar one.

• Do you have bleeding between menstrual periods?
Change the drug to another one containing a higher dose of the hormone.
• During the week-long break, your period did not start?
The drug is too high-dose and is not suitable for you. Take a week's break and switch to another drug containing a lower dose of the hormone.

How to switch to another hormonal drug?

Changing the drug is necessary in the following situations:

• if in your case a lower dose of the hormone is sufficient;
• egg maturation was not blocked;
• side effects greatly impair the quality of life.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW!!!
No matter how severe the side effects, never stop taking the drug halfway through the pack, otherwise you may experience menstrual irregularities, prolonged bleeding, or pregnancy. Hormonal pills should always be taken to the end of the package and only then switch to another drug or stop taking it.

Otherwise, you can take hormonal pills until you want to have a baby.

When switching to another hormonal drug, you must finish the package you started, take a week break, and then start taking another drug.

If you switch from a larger dose of the hormone to a smaller one, then you need to visit a gynecologist on the 11-12th day of the cycle and do an ultrasound to make sure that egg maturation is blocked.

How long can you take hormonal pills?

Long-term continuous use of birth control pills can lead to suppression of ovarian function. Therefore, it is recommended to take hormonal pills for no more than one and a half to two years. Next, it is advisable to get pregnant and give birth to a child.

If pregnancy is not part of your plans, then you need to take a break for six months. During this period, it is necessary to reliably protect against pregnancy, since the “rested” ovaries will perform their functions with redoubled force, which can lead to unplanned conception. Condoms or chemical contraception are fine. After a six-month break, you can resume taking hormonal pills.

I would like to remind you once again that the drug for hormonal contraception must be selected by a doctor, based on the results of hormonal tests. Only in such a situation can all side effects be minimized. Then the joy of intimate life women will not be overshadowed by concerns about their own health.

Material costs: from 90 to 775 rub. per package (21 tablets);
Degree of reliability: 96,5 - 97%.

Hormonal injections

Hormonal injections are a modern method of long-term contraception. The injection of the drug contains the hormone levonorgestrel, which is gradually released and maintains constant concentrations of the drug in the blood. This is the contraceptive effect of injections. The main advantage of this method is that a woman does not need to take hormonal pills at the same time every day. The main thing is not to forget once a 2-3 months visit a doctor and get injections.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW!!!
The maximum concentration of the hormone in the blood is reached 20 days after the first injection. Therefore, during the first month of the first injection, it is necessary to protect yourself using additional methods of contraception.

The reliability of hormonal injections is the same as that of conventional hormonal pills. But, unfortunately, this method of contraception can only be used by women who have given birth, or women in adulthood.

The following drugs are used for hormonal injections:

• Depo-Provera - one intramuscular injection every 3 months (90 days);
• Net-En (Noristerat) - one intramuscular injection every 2 months (60 days).

However, this method has unpleasant side effects. Firstly, the possibility of periodic spotting of blood between menstrual periods. And secondly, suppression of menstrual function. That is, a woman who uses this type of contraception either has no menstruation at all, or it occurs in a timely manner, but sometimes very meager, rather similar not to normal menstruation, but to “blood smear”.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW!!!
Unfortunately, the effect of hormonal injections cannot be neutralized by anything. Therefore, if you experience side effects, you will have to endure them until the injection wears off. Therefore, before taking a hormonal injection, read the indications and contraindications of the drugs.

Suppression of ovarian function causes limit the use of this method of contraception for young girls whose menstrual cycle has not yet established, and for women over 40 years of age. The drug should also be used with caution by women suffering from diseases of the circulatory system. In other cases, this method of contraception is reliable and very convenient.

Material costs: from 207 to 520 rub. per injection (150 ml);
Degree of reliability: 96,5 - 97%.

Sikirina Olga Iosifovna.

There are a large number of contraceptives, but the leading position among all the variety is occupied by birth control pills, which are characterized by a high degree of prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Let's look at each of the groups of drugs in order to know which birth control pills are best to choose, find out the names and read reviews about them.

Microdosed hormonal drugs

The drugs in this group of tablets are characterized side effects at a minimum level.

Suitable for both girls over 18 years old and women over 35 years old who are constantly sexually active.

Zoely

A drug that contains nomegestrol acetate and estradiol hemihydrate. These compounds are similar in structure to natural female hormones. The drug is aimed at suppressing ovulation. It also acts on cervical mucus, changing its secretion.

Claira

Highly effective combined oral contraceptive. Reduces the risk of cancer in women, minimally affects the liver. Its composition is close to the natural hormonal background of women, where the main active ingredient is estradiol valerate. Indicated for any age. The tablets should not be taken during breastfeeding or early pregnancy.

A monophasic drug that is aimed at suppressing ovulation and changes in cervical secretions, which leads to a decrease in permeability to sperm. Improves the regularity of menstruation, reduces pain. When using contraception, the risk of cancer is reduced. The main active ingredient is ethinyl estradiol, the auxiliary ingredient is drospirenone. You can use the tablets after 40 years.

A new drug that, in addition to contraception, contains vitamins. Unlike Jess tablets, it contains calcium levomefolate. The drug is aimed at suppressing ovulation and minimizing sperm permeability. When taken, there is an effect of reducing pain during menstruation.

Dimia

A microdosed oral contraceptive is a combination drug containing ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. The action is based on inhibition of ovulation and changes in cervical secretions.

A drug aimed at contraception as a result of inhibition of ovulation and changes in the properties of uterine mucus. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel. It has a positive effect on the regularity of menstruation and suppresses pain. Thanks to its composition, it reduces the risk of developing iron deficiency anemia.

Lindinet-20

Monophasic tablets, which are aimed at inhibiting the secretion of gonadotropic hormones of the pituitary gland. The active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and gestodene. Prevents the development of a viable egg, has positive impact on the regularity of the menstrual cycle, reduces the risk of tumors in women.

Contraceptive drug, release form - pills. It interferes with the ovulation process and increases the viscosity of the uterine mucus. Before starting to use the drug, you should undergo a thorough gynecological examination. The active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and gestodene.

Novinet

A drug based on a combination of estrogen and progestogen that suppresses ovulation and slows down the movement of sperm. The active ingredients of the tablets are synthetic estrogen, the progestogen desogestrel. When taken, blood loss during menstruation is noticeably reduced, so it is indicated for women with heavy discharge.

Mercilon

The main active ingredients in the drug are ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel. Duration of treatment – ​​21 days, then a break – 7 days and resumption of treatment.

Low-dose drugs

Drugs that belong to this group are suitable not only for women who have given birth, but also for girls over 18 years of age.

They are prescribed by gynecologists if microdosed hormonal pills are not suitable.

Yarina

New generation tablets containing ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. It is a multiphase drug. In addition to the contraceptive effect, it has a cosmetic effect, reducing acne.

Midiana

Birth control pills, which are characterized by low hormone content. The active ingredients of the drug are ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. It is also prescribed for cosmetic purposes in the fight against acne.

A contraceptive drug with a small hormone content. The main active ingredients are desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol. Reduces pain during menstruation, improves skin condition with acne. It is advisable to take one tablet at the same time for 21 days with a break of 7 days. Especially suitable for girls over 18 years old and women over 40 years old.

Lindinet-30

Monophasic contraceptive, which is characterized by suppression of the secretion of gonadotropic hormones of the pituitary gland, while preventing unwanted pregnancy. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and gestodene. Release form: film-coated tablets are quickly absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract.

Femoden

A drug used regularly to prevent unwanted pregnancy, as well as to normalize the menstrual cycle and regulate the intensity of discharge during menstruation. Refers to medicines low in hormones. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and gestodene. Indicated for scheduled use.

Silest

A combined drug whose action is aimed at regulating the gonads in order to prevent unwanted pregnancy. The main active ingredients are norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol. Used for 21 days with a break of 7 days. Apply orally.

Janine

Low-dose monophasic contraceptive. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and dienogest. It affects the body through three mechanisms: suppression of ovulation, increased mucus impermeability, and changes in the endometrium. As a result of use, an improvement in the regularity of menstruation is observed. Prescribed to women for regular use to prevent unwanted pregnancy.

Silhouette

The main active ingredients of the drug are ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel. Release form: pills. The drug is quickly absorbed in the intestines. Doctors prescribe it to treat acne, normalize the menstrual cycle and prevent unwanted pregnancy. The drug is intended for regular use.

Combined drug for contraception in women. Prevents sperm from entering the egg. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel. Prescribed by a gynecologist to normalize the menstrual cycle and PMS as well. Characterized by regular use.

Marvelon

The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and desogestrel. Characterized by oral use daily for 21 days with a break. Contains a small amount of hormones. Aimed at suppressing ovulation and controlling the regularity of the menstrual cycle.

High dose tablets

Drugs that belong to the group of high-dose hormonal tablets can only be taken with a doctor's prescription.

Prescribed for the treatment of hormonal diseases and for contraception during their treatment.

Three-phase medicinal drug, which is aimed at contraception, is characterized by a high content of the hormone. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel. The drug blocks the maturation of a viable egg. It is prescribed by doctor, and examinations are required every 6 months.

Triquilar

Combined contraceptive, which is characterized by high dosage. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel. It is used in three phases for 21 days with a break. Women who use this remedy experience stabilization of the menstrual cycle and high contraceptive results.

A highly effective drug containing progestin and estrogen. Indications for use: prevention of unwanted pregnancy. It is characterized by good tolerability.

A contraceptive containing estrogen and gestagen. These components have a high degree of activity compared to natural hormones and under their influence ovulation stops. The effect of application is 100%.

Non-ovlon

The hormonal drug is available in the form of green dragees, in a package of 21 tablets. Characterized by a high level of hormone content. The main active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and norethisterone. Indicated for use to prevent pregnancy, regulate cycle duration, and treat psychological infertility.

Mini-pill

Mini-pills refer to medicines that prevent pregnancy. Distinctive feature– this is a gentle effect on the woman’s body.

With regular use, the effect of the mini-pill is 99%.

They are an oral contraceptive.

A contraceptive based on the active ingredient desogestrel. Affects the condition of the uterine mucus, making it thicker and less permeable to sperm. Approved for use by nursing women.

Charosetta

A drug that prevents unwanted pregnancy by reducing the possibility of ovulation and increasing the viscosity of uterine mucus. Does not affect lipid processes in the human body. Normalizes the menstrual cycle in women. The main active ingredient is desogestrel.

Exluton

It is a contraceptive that can be used after childbirth. The main active ingredient is desogestrel. It is prescribed orally. The drug is for daily systematic use. In case of irregular use, the result is not guaranteed.

Microlute

A contraceptive that contains gestagen, which makes it well tolerated by women. The main active ingredient is levonorgetrel. Can be used during breastfeeding. Its use in conjunction with non-hormonal contraceptives is also recommended.

Non-hormonal tablets

A distinctive feature of non-hormonal pills is that they are inserted into the vagina rather than taken orally.

They act due to the active substance in the composition, which affects sperm, destroying them.

The main active ingredient is benzalkonium chloride. The drug does not affect the natural microflora of the vagina. It is prescribed if it is not possible to use stronger (hormonal) contraceptives.

Gynekotex

Vaginal tablets that have a contraceptive and antiseptic effect. The main active ingredient is benzalkonium chloride. Can be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Inserted into the vagina 5-10 minutes before sexual intercourse. Do not affect the natural microflora of the vagina.

Benatex

A product that prevents unwanted pregnancy and has the property of getting rid of unwanted microbes and fungi in the vagina. The main active ingredient is benzalkonium chloride. There are no contraindications for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

A contraceptive containing the active substance benzalkonium chloride. It destroys the structure of the sperm and thereby prevents unwanted pregnancy. It must be inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse. Also serves as an antiseptic.

Contratex

Non-hormonal pills that are aimed at destroying the sperm membrane during sexual intercourse. The main active ingredient is benzalkonium chloride. They are inserted into the vagina and tend to thicken the uterine mucus. Can be used while breastfeeding.

Nonoxynol

Contraceptive pills, which, in addition to their main properties, have antifungal properties. The main active ingredient is nonoxynol. Prescribed by a doctor, including during lactation and pregnancy.

Traceptin

A vaginal product that is necessary for contraception. Introduction is recommended into the vagina 5-10 minutes before sexual intercourse. The main active ingredient is potassium hydrogen tartrate. A non-hormonal drug that can be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

All contraceptive medications must be prescribed by doctors with preliminary diagnosis on an individual basis.

And it should be remembered that the contraceptives in question have a much better effect on a woman’s body than birth control pills after sexual intercourse.

In the life of every woman, for one reason or another, there comes a period of contraception when it is necessary to use contraceptive drugs. And it is at this moment that questions arise: which one, why, why, etc. We will try to thoroughly answer all the exciting and interesting questions about contraceptives, and also offer a rating of the best birth control pills.

Each woman’s body is unique and therefore this or that remedy may be suitable for one, but become ineffective for another. It is better to trust your gynecologist to choose a contraceptive drug to avoid unwanted side effects.

What should you consider when choosing a contraceptive drug?

1. Age;
2. Childbearing experience;
3. Hormonal background and body characteristics;
4. Sexual activity.

Each age has its own productive range of drugs.

Up to 20 years old.

The most crucial period. The choice of contraception before the age of 20 should be taken very seriously, since the wrong choice can negatively affect the further development of the body. It is not recommended to take the drugs for girls whose height is below 160 cm, who do not have regular sex life, as well as for those girls who had their first menstruation earlier than 2 years ago. As a rule, these are drugs containing a minimum amount of estrogens - low-dose or micro-dose, for example:

• Logest
• Marvelon
• Femolen

20-30 years

In this age category, the female body is already fully formed. The use of high-dose contraception is recommended. Low-dose products are recommended for use by girls with high progesterone levels.

For those women who have already had experience of childbearing, low-dose drugs will be optimal; it is also recommended to use single-phase drugs at this point.

Since at this age, the level of hormones decreases, hormonal imbalances appear more often, and also at this age, most representatives of the fair sex do not plan to give birth and therefore microdosed products or mini-pills should be used during this period.

Contraception for women over 40 years of age is necessary. Since in this age category there is a risk of fetal abnormalities, as well as other complications. In particular, single-component drugs are used, which provide maximum protection, although they have some side effects.

Contraceptives are hormonal and non-hormonal. What does this mean?

Not hormonal agents intended for insertion into the vagina. This type of protection against unwanted conception is very safe, since the pills without hormones also have bactericidal properties, protecting the surface of the uterus from infections.

Hormonal contraceptives They are usually called OK (oral contraceptives), they have the maximum degree of reliability. It should be noted that Oki not only protects against unwanted conception, but also increases them in case of a lack of female hormones and has an antiandrogenic effect.

Hormonal contraceptives are divided into 2 groups:

Combined (COC) and mini-pills.

Mini-pills are a type of combined oral contraceptives containing minimal doses of the hormone (minimal pills).

Important!!! Contraindications!

Absolutely all contraceptives have contraindications; we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the possible side effects when using hormonal drugs:

• Swelling of the mammary glands;
• Headache;
• Dizziness;
• Decreased appetite;
• Nausea;
• Swelling of the legs;
• Reduced pressure;
• Skin rash.

List of diseases for which COC contraceptives are strictly contraindicated:

• Postpartum period (first month and a half);
• Lactation;
• Possible or definite pregnancy;
• Pathologies of the kidneys and liver;
• Pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
• Hypertension of 2 or 3 degrees;
• Unidentified vaginal bleeding;
• Swelling of the mammary glands;
• Pathologies of cerebral vessels;
• Swellings of the endocrine and genital organs;
• Diabetes mellitus with complications or progressing;
• Nicotine use over the age of 35;
• Complete immobility;
• Diseases that cause thrombosis.

Having learned some details about contraceptives, we suggest going directly to the Top 9 contraceptive ratings.

Rating of the best birth control pills

9. Yarina

Low-dose OK-and with antiandrogenic effect. The tablets must be taken for 3 weeks in a row, there are 21 of them in the package, the tablets must be used in a timely manner. The main components of the drug that suppress ovulation are ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. Women who use oral combined contraceptives experience a number of positive changes in the body: the menstrual cycle is normalized, the intensity of bleeding during menstruation decreases.

Advantages:

• Improving the condition of the skin of the face and head;
• Regular menstrual cycle;
• Significantly reduces menstrual pain;
• Affordable price;
• Does not increase body weight.

Flaws:

• Apathy;
• Reduces libido;
• Chest pain.

8. Silest

A combined oral contraceptive containing a high level of hormones, therefore Silest is contraindicated for use in adolescence. The drug is well tolerated. There are 21 tablets in the package, and they need to be taken for 3 weeks. The drug normalizes hormonal levels and ensures a painless menstrual cycle.

Advantages:

• Affordable price;
• Good tolerance;
• Convenient instructions for use;
• Eliminates acne;
• Has a beneficial effect on facial skin;
• Treatment of mild acne.

Flaws:

• Can't be found everywhere;
• Possible bleeding;
• Reduces libido.

7. Marvelon

A contraceptive of a combined nature has a reduced amount of active ingredients and is therefore excellent option for women over 35. Mainly contains estrogen and progestogen. Marvelon also balances the volume of discharge and eliminates pain during menstruation. The effectiveness of this drug varies around 80%. When using the medicine, you should be examined not only by a gynecologist, but also by a hematologist and a vascular surgeon, since there is a risk of thrombosis.

Advantages:

• Affordable price;
• Increases libido;
• Detailed instructions for use;
• Normalizes the menstrual cycle;
• Does not affect weight gain;
• Effectively normalizes hormonal levels.

Flaws:

• Thickens the blood;
• The breasts become hypersensitive;
• Diarrhea;
• Has many contraindications;
• Nausea;
• Partially causes pimples.

6. Silhouette

The menopausal drug Siluet is an effective contraception; in addition, it has an additional pharmacological effect and treats moderate-to-mild acne. The active ingredients of the tablets that protect against unwanted conception are dienogest and ethinyl estradiol, excipients are corn starch, talc, lactose monohydrate, etc. Before use, you should consult your gynecologist.

Advantages:

• Restoring a regular cycle;
• Affordable price;
• Elimination of pain during menstruation;
• Does not affect weight gain;
• No heavy discharge.

Flaws:

• Nausea;
• Has many contraindications;
• Chest hurts.

5. Triquilar

An oral contraceptive, characterized by a large dosage of hormones - levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol. The package contains 3 types of tablets - Triquilar 5, Triquilar 6, Triquilar 10, they differ in the amount of progestin and estrogen content. The package contains 21 tablets and is recommended for women under 30 years of age. The drug is most effective, but it has many unpleasant side effects.

Advantages:

• The most effective contraception;
• Affordable price;
• Reliability;
• Eliminates menstrual pain;
• Convenient instructions with a calendar;
• Positive consumer reviews.

Flaws:

• Side effects;
• Migraine;
• Has many contraindications;
• Fast weight gain.

4. Janine

An oral combined contraceptive whose active ingredients are ethinyl estradiol and dienogest. Among modern birth control pills, Janine is one of the best, reliable and safe that can be taken for a long period. The effect of contraception occurs through 3 complementary mechanisms: suppression of ovulation, changes in the properties of cervical secretions and changes in the endometrium, making the process of fertilization of the egg impossible.

Advantages:

• Convenient instructions;
• Reliable contraceptive;
• Safety;
• Improves the condition of facial skin;
• Hair does not become greasy;
• Does not cause weight gain;

Flaws:

• Reduces libido;
• Price.

3. Lactinet

Tablets from the Hungarian manufacturer Lactinet belong to the mini-pill category and are ideal for adult women. A huge advantage of the drug is that it is prescribed to women who smoke. Mini-pills are also prescribed to girls with an active menstrual cycle during lactation. The tablets are very effective and cause virtually no side effects. Lactinet does not affect weight gain. There are 28 tablets in a package.

Advantages:

• Can be used by nursing mothers;
• Minimal risk of vascular disorders;
• Optimal for women with obesity or diabetes;
• Prevents weight gain;
• Safety;
• Detailed instructions;
• Fast recovery for conception.

Flaws:

• Nausea;
• Has many contraindications;
• Possibility of bleeding;
• Causes depression.

2. Klaira

An effective new generation COC, which is dominated by valerate estradiol, the closest analogue of natural female hormones. Progestin has also been replaced by a modern analogue, dienogest. Depending on the days of the cycle, the tablets have a certain composition. Unlike traditional COCs, the product has a gentler effect on the female body. These tablets are also used to treat symptoms of menopause.

Advantages:

• A modern drug using the latest technologies;
• Detailed description of the rules of use;
• Reliable protection;
• Improves facial condition;
• Safety;
• Ideally restores the cycle;
• Stable emotional state;
• Painless periods;
• Does not contribute to weight gain.

Flaws:

• Price;
• Headache;
• Bloating.

1. Jess