Business plan for the introduction of a new service in the library. Business idea: how to open a private library. - Financial plan

Question 24 Business plan Working time fund - this is the number of working days of the library, structural unit, individual employee, calculated from the total number of days in a year, excluding weekends and holidays, loss of working time due to temporary disability, etc., and converted into working hours per year.

2. Library working time budget planning involves the following activities :

scoping libraries based on the calculated working time fund - includes:

drawing up a list of works, which will be held by the library during the year by each employee, structural unit and the library as a whole;

counting the number of working hours, necessary to perform both each type and the entire scope of work on the basis of library labor standards;

comparison the result with the working time fund:

even distribution of work between departments and individual employees. In this case, it may turn out that the number of hours that will be required to complete the planned scope of work is more or less than the annual working time fund, and therefore it is necessary to bring it into compliance of the planned scope of work with the fund of working time by :

Increase or decrease in the volume of work planned for execution;

The introduction of new processes and operations "or the abandonment of operations originally included;

Application of more progressive production standards;

Additional attraction of the reader's asset, etc.;

comparison of the fund of working time and its planned expense by structural divisions;

Acceptance of relevant management decisions in order to evenly distribute work between departments and branches.

Planning according to the norms in accordance with the fund of working time will make the library plan realistically feasible, will contribute to a better organization of labor, and reduce the loss of working time.

The problem of rational planning should not be limited to matching the amount of work to the fund of working time of the library staff. The essence of using business planning principles :

Learn to succeed by avoiding failure;

Anticipate possible positive and negative aspects of the library's activities;

Rationally organize the labor process;

Distribute responsibilities among employees.

3. Business plan represents business case for the development and implementation of new and/or quality improvement and modernization of existing services in terms of technical and economic positions (including determining the level of potential demand); document that analyzes production, economic and marketing activities libraries and ways to optimize them.

His purpose is the design and development library business strategies for a certain period of time, which includes :

introduction of paid services. how non-profit library organization does not set itself the task of maximizing material profit from providing paid services to users, but it needs additional sources of funding;

entrepreneurial activity based on marketing research:

External environment;

User needs;

Behavior of competitors, etc.;

attracting money to the library funds charities, individuals, etc. - for this apply :

grant - gift, help library from sponsors, business stakeholders;

fundraising - Search extrabudgetary funding sources for the library for charitable purposes;

patronage - patronage of the library is not only financial, but also organizational, provided on a stable and long-term basis.

The business plan allows the library.

Rank actions in order of importance and continuously, step by step to achieve the goal. A business plan is a tool to help you constant control and management:

V production of library services;

Library marketing activities;

identify strengths and weak sides its activities;

correlate expenses for the implementation of the project with disposable resources, available in the budget based on quantity data :

Intended customers of paid services (firms, institutions, organizations and individuals);

ordered library products; . materials to be sold;

(estimated) funds that will come to the library account from the sale of paid services;

Estimate quality level offered and planned services - for this are defined:

Required scope of services;

Terms of service provision;

Range of potential users;

Possible systems of discounts, benefits, etc.;

predict capacity market and prospects for its development;

provide for final results its activities;

Determine possible ways out unforeseen situations, search for additional extrabudgetary sources of financing;

Install criteria for evaluating the implemented marketing concept;

Justify processes segmentation(separation) of the market into separate groups of users with similar needs in structure;

Define circle of specialists(employees) - able to achieve the goal. It reflects the relationship of the library with scientific and production teams

4. Rule of thumb when preparing a business plan for a library is that it must reflect all elements that may be of interest to the user of this information.

A business plan will help raise the prestige of the library in the business world, act as a kind of guarantor of its importance and usefulness.

By developing and implementing this form of planning, the library will establish itself as a reliable partner and a full-fledged market entity.

Specialists are involved in the process of developing a business plan sheets at different levels.

Methodists;

Accountants;

The business plan may be current(1 year) or promising(for 3-5 years) plan.

In the process of preparing a business plan for libraries and compilers

lean-

On the analysis of library realities, facilitating or hindering the implementation of this project;

Availability of necessary resources(logistical, personnel, etc.);

service specifics, offered to readers;

Development market niche;

Opportunities competitors, sponsors, business partners;

employee potential libraries;

Prospects for improvement technologies;

Socio-psychological climate in the team, etc.

5. In the business plan :

Revealed main idea planned project;

fit requisites libraries (name and address, names and addresses of founders, bank account number);

A description is entered initiative economic activity, including the characteristics of forms of ownership.

Depending on the nature of the proposed project, the business plan may contain sections reflecting its specific features. Document Sections :

title page;

summary, which is interpreted as independent advertising document, containing the main provisions of the entire business plan;

general information about the library and the goal set in the business plan. The information provided in this section should inspire confidence in the library for those for whom the business plan is intended;

Products & Services. It is necessary to give the user a deep understanding of the features and benefits of the library's products and/or services (if this does not happen, then it is impossible to objectively evaluate the business plan);

market. This section contains information that helps the consumer of information understand the market in which the library operates or wants to enter, and allows him to assess the library's competitors;

marketing strategy. This section should show why consumers benefit from the library's products and/or services and how the library's pricing and promotion policies promote their choice;

organization of production of services with a description of the implementation technology project. The content of this section depends on the purpose for which the business plan is being drawn up. Information provided reveals next General aspects:

What resources and at what level are required to achieve the goal (finance, premises, equipment, personnel, information resources);

what is the project execution technology (how and when will the starting conditions for the implementation of a particular activity be reached and how further work will be built; what is the technological chain of manufacturing a product and / or providing a service);

How is quality control supposed to be carried out;

What are the library's hours of operation?

personnel and organizational structure. Information is given about those who will implement this project;

risk. Highlights problems that may arise in the implementation of the project, and lists the actions that will be taken to minimize the likely risk;

financial management. The need for funds necessary for the implementation of the project is reported, and the balance of the tasks set with financial possibilities is proved (maximum and minimum need for money, information about how quickly debts can be paid, etc.). When compiling this section, you must specify:

How it is supposed to finance the project - at the expense of funds received from outside or only at the expense of internal funds;

What is the share of each of the funding sources if funds from different sources are used.

The library business plan should answer the following questions::

visual;

Printed;

Complex;

How will the personal sale of library services to specific users be organized (organization of the consumer service process);

What kind effective methods promotion of library services should be undertaken;

What public relations activities are planned (meetings with local administration, representatives of commercial structures, political parties and public associations);

what needs to be done to create a library corporate identity (development of a library sign, name, logo, slogan / motto, souvenirs, printed matter, business cards, postcards, etc.).

It hardly occurs to anyone that it is possible to combine such concepts as a library and business. Most often, libraries are either state or municipal institutions. That is why it occurs to many that the idea of ​​opening a commercial library is rather ridiculous. And yet, for the implementation of this idea, most likely, they will soon be indignant at the state level, no matter how strange it may be.

However, these reforms so far only apply to libraries located in Moscow. Nevertheless, regional entrepreneurs are already starting to think about opening their own library business. Experts believe that this system has great potential. The library still continues to be socially oriented and is designed to raise the popularity of reading among the inhabitants of the country. Experts also say that the main problem in the field of libraries is that the current institutions are not very good condition especially regional libraries. It takes a lot of money to restore them. However, experts believe that such projects will pay off quite high.

The main idea to make libraries commercial is to turn them into public places where people will come, and in this way, they will turn into significant centers of cultural life. It is obvious that municipal libraries are rather isolated from society. Sometimes it's even hard to hit them. For example, if there is a library in your area, but you do not have a residence permit, you will not be able to enroll there. The collections of such libraries are rarely updated. In addition, almost three-quarters of the funds go to salaries for those who work there. It rarely happens that library collections are updated. Basically, it is done too slowly, poorly thought out and at prices that are much higher than market prices.

However, it should be noted that a large number of the population needs library services. And this applies not only to those people who have a low income. For example, libraries are frequented by those who enjoy contemporary literature or by parents of young children who visit Kindergarten and schools. Sometimes they are aware of what new books are coming out in bookstores and allow themselves to buy what interests them. But they do not have enough space to store books that are unlikely to be reread. Opinion polls say that such parents will gladly take such a book home for a low fee if they can find it in the library.

It should be noted that foreign businessmen have long determined that libraries bring good profits and are now using them to develop their own business. For example, in Thailand, on the island of Koh Samui, there is a rather expensive hotel called the Library and offers visitors a modernized resort vacation. Here you will not find an ordinary bar, restaurant or disco. And near the pool of this hotel is quite a big library where you can find a lot of interesting literature. No matter how strange it may seem, this hotel is quite popular among those who come to relax.

In addition, libraries that move on an autobuoy have been invented relatively recently. One author of a similar idea, which he called the Library Bus Project, was awarded by the Swedish library community and his project won the "Project of the Year" award. The purpose of the mobile library on wheels is to provide library services to the population, popularize books and reading, instill in citizens a love for intellectual work. This library not only gives out interesting books, but also provides an opportunity to communicate on the Internet, as well as organize interest clubs and meet new friends. Here you can find a cinema, and computer games, as well as go online.

It is clear that it is rather difficult to open your own commercial library, even a small one.

To implement such a project, you will need premises in the city center (this will be the most suitable option for such a city with less than half a million inhabitants) or simply in a residential area. In addition, the interior of a private library should be unique and carefully thought out to the smallest detail. After all, here people will not only take books and leave, but also meet, work, and communicate. Therefore, you must understand that it will be like a cultural club.

In addition, the room should be quite spacious, about 100 square meters. Or it may consist of two parts - it will be a small reading room and an area where book shelves will be located. It is advisable to buy inexpensive furniture for the library. The essential point is that it should be comfortable. Some book clubs and public libraries often buy sofas, tables, and armchairs from specialty stores like IKEA. It is clear that such furniture is quite the same type, and it is very easy to recognize it, but if there is a desire, then it is quite possible to make it unique without spending a lot of money. Many businessmen turn to those companies that can make furniture to order. Sometimes it turns out to be even more profitable than buying ready-made furniture in a store.

If the library is not a highly specialized institution, it must have a fairly wide selection of classical literature in its assortment. It is unlikely that there will be any problems with this. Such books can be found in the home library, bought in a second-hand bookstore or at the collapse, which are now quite popular, as well as purchased from ads on forums. However, you should be aware that many visitors will come to the library in order to read new books here that are not yet available and read for free on the Internet. That is why you need to follow the emergence of interesting novelties in the book market and regularly purchase some copies that may interest your readers.

The average library provides readers with about thirty thousand books. A private library may contain many fewer items, but they must all be in demand by the general public. If on average a new book now costs about 400 rubles, it turns out that in order to purchase 100 new books, it will take at least 40 thousand rubles. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the book fund must be regularly replenished. This generates an incentive for readers to use the services of this library.

In order to use the services of the library that you create, it was convenient, it is advisable to make a catalog. If you have a plan to open your own book club in a big city, you need to think about how to create a website with an electronic catalog, as well as provide the ability to book a book online. Thus, regular readers will certainly be able to find out directly on the site whether the desired book is available at the moment and try to ask to be postponed for some time.

In addition, the private library sometimes offers other services that are not available in regular libraries. For example, they may deliver books to your home or office for a fee. In addition, some library websites offer topics in which readers can express what they would like to read. And this will let you understand what new items are in demand now, and what books are better to buy so that they do not gather dust on the shelves.

Now it is worth saying a few words about the commercial library. Such a library, which has the status of a book club, earns money in two ways. The first source of income is the rental of books. Suppose the cost of a new book is about 400 rubles. The owner of the book club lends it to the reader on bail, which is equal to the original cost of the book. After the reader returns the book, the amount of the deposit is returned to him, from which a small percentage is deducted (say, 10% of the cost, that is, 40 rubles). In addition, the library has the right to take a fine if the book is returned later than the appointed date. The second way is that the reader has the opportunity to issue a paid subscription, in which he can take a certain number of books for a certain time - a month, six months or a year, without paying additional books.

By the way, city libraries in the west do not operate entirely on a commercial basis. For example, residents of this city use library services for free, while others pay for a subscription, for example, 1000 rubles per quarter. It is worth noting that often libraries offer to borrow not only books, but also various periodicals, magazines, newspapers, CDs, as well as rent a laptop in order to do their work or go online.

Another source of income is of particular interest to some private libraries in Russia. They rent premises in order to hold various thematic meetings, meetings, seminars, talks, interest clubs, seminars. It can also be said that such libraries work on the principle of an anti-cafe, and you need to pay for the time that a person is going to spend there. Although, if the anti-cafe does not offer food, it is usually allowed to bring it, or you can order it in a cafe that is nearby. It is clear that bringing food to the library is not worth it. However, if such a reading room is located separately from the storehouse with books, then visitors may well be offered tea or coffee. In order to organize such a library, you need a lot of money.

In the event that you have the funds, you can also buy a few more laptops for work. Then the library may well compete with an ordinary home office. You can install WiFi there, buy several e-books, which are now quite popular among readers.

Commercial libraries have one advantage over public ones. It lies in the fact that you can hire students to work, and this saves quite a lot of money. Suppose a student can work in shifts, therefore, he will receive a salary for the hours that he worked, and not some specific payment. Often the library is open on weekdays from nine in the morning until six in the evening. A commercial library may well be open from eight in the morning until eight in the evening. She can arrange one day off, or maybe two.

Highly good options in order to open a commercial library, there will be a specialized one. It can only offer literature of a certain style, most often it works as a cafe. Or you can open a library that only children can visit. In this case, it will be something between a children's entertainment center and an ordinary library. By the way, large municipal libraries often offer classes for children on a fee basis. This includes various circles, creative activities. As a rule, the pay here is not very high.

Very often, book clubs on a paid basis are engaged not only with younger preschoolers and younger schoolchildren, but also with teenagers. Experts say that this option is very promising. Now there are a lot of such centers for children, which prepare the child for school, conduct various classes that contribute to the development of the child, provide speech therapist or psychologist services. Among adolescents, there are quite a few who would like to use the same services. But, as a rule, in cities there are much fewer such establishments just for them.

If you are going to arrange a leisure center out of your club, then you do not have to acquire a license that will allow you to provide services in the educational field. But if you are going to create such training programs as developing, teaching, or using some specific methods, then you will need to purchase a license and, in addition, the status of a KNOE. This is due to the fact that you will have to spend much more effort to organize such an event. After all, you will need to make rather high demands on the premises that you have chosen, the methodology and the teachers and psychologists who are going to work for you. However, in the event that you have graduated from a pedagogical institute or any pedagogical courses, you have the opportunity to work on your own without hiring anyone else. Then you should apply for an IP, which will help to significantly reduce costs. If you want to become a tutor, then it is quite possible to simply rent a room and study there with your children. And having a library of literature designed for teenagers and children will allow you to open a source of additional income and attract customers.

If you decide to open a commercial library, then you should know that the amount of money invested directly depends on what subject and format your institution will have. The main thing that you will have to spend money on is renting a room (it depends on where in the city you will rent a building, it will take approximately 30 thousand rubles, this also includes utility bills), repair work, equipment - furniture and bookshelves plus various armchairs, tables and chairs, computers, books that you are going to offer to visitors. You should think about how much you will pay employees, on average it will take somewhere around 15 thousand per person. In addition, you can In addition, you should know that advertising will help you attract potential clients. To do this, you will need to spend additional funds on leaflets, posting ads, a thematic site, forums, advertising on social networks.

The income of your library will directly depend on the format. If the project is successful, then it will be able to cover all expenses in almost six months from the start of work. And at the end of the first year, you will be able to receive a fairly large and stable profit. Experts say that in big cities it can reach up to 150 thousand per month. They also advise opening such a library in the fall. In summer, few people go to libraries, as adults often spend time on vacation, and children go to camps, to summer cottages and to elderly relatives. Also, don't start librarianship between mid-December and mid-January. This time falls on the winter holidays, and almost no one goes to the libraries either.

It would seem that "business" and "library" are completely incompatible concepts. Libraries have mainly the status of state and municipal institutions. Therefore, opening a commercial library or commercializing existing libraries seems, at first glance, an absurd idea. Meanwhile, it is quite possible that it will be implemented in the near future at the state level.

So far, however, the changes will affect only Moscow libraries, but some entrepreneurs in the regions are already considering opportunities for developing their business in this area. The library system has great potential, experts say. It still remains socially oriented, designed to popularize reading among the population of the country. The main problem is that modern libraries are not in the best condition, especially when it comes to regions. A lot of funds are required for their modernization, although, according to experts, the payback of such a project is quite high.

The main idea for the commercialization of libraries is to turn them into public spaces that will become one of the centers of urban cultural life. Municipal libraries are, in fact, closed from the public. It is quite difficult to enroll there if, for example, you do not have a residence permit in the area where a particular library is located. Library collections are rarely updated. Although libraries save on rent by paying only utility bills, they spend up to 70% of their money on salaries of their employees. With rare exceptions, funds are not renewed at all, or are not renewed quickly enough, at prices that are much higher than market prices, and not thoughtfully enough.

Meanwhile, library services are in great demand among a large number of the population. And not only among people with low level income, as is commonly believed. For example, library patrons are lovers modern literature and parents of preschool and younger children school age. They follow the novelties on the book market and can afford to purchase publications that interest them. However, they have nowhere to store such a number of books that can be read at most once. Polls show that they would willingly borrow books to read at home for a small fee if they could find them in libraries.

Western entrepreneurs have long noticed the potential of libraries and are actively using this model to develop their business. For example, on the island of Koh Samui in Thailand, there is an expensive hotel called the Library, which offers its guests a new intellectual type of resort vacation. Instead of the usual bar or restaurant, this hotel has a large library with a wide selection of literature near the pool. Oddly enough, this unusual hotel is in great demand among vacationers.

There are also mobile libraries in buses (Business Idea No. 634). One of the authors of such a project called the Library Bus Project even won an award from the Swedish Library Society, and his idea received the title of "Project of the Year". The purpose of such a library on wheels is to provide services to the public, popularize books and the idea of ​​reading. In addition to lending books, the library provides visitors with the opportunity to communicate on the Internet and hold meetings of interest. There's a cinema here computer games and music, internet access point.

Of course, opening even a small commercial library is not as easy as it seems.

This will require a separate room in the city center ( best option for a city with a population of less than 500 thousand people) or in a large residential area. Unlike ordinary libraries, the interior of a private library should be thought out to the smallest detail. After all, this is not just a place where people can rent a book. First of all, this is an interest club, a place for work, communication and meetings of residents of the area where your library is located.

It is desirable that the room be sufficiently spacious (with an area of ​​at least 60-70 square meters), or consist of two separate parts - a small reading room and an area for bookshelves. Furniture can be purchased inexpensively. The main thing is that it be comfortable. For example, many book clubs and similar public places purchase tables, chairs, sofas, and armchairs from IKEA.

Of course, such furniture is quite the same type and recognizable, but if desired, it can be given uniqueness without high costs. Some turn to companies that make furniture to order. In certain cases, it turns out to be even cheaper than purchased.

The “range” of a private library (unless it has a narrow specialization) should have a large selection of classical literature. There will be no problem with this: books can be borrowed from your own home library, bought in second-hand bookshops or at bookstores, or purchased for next to nothing through ads on the Internet. But get ready for the fact that most visitors will come to the library in search of new books that cannot yet be found and read for free. in electronic format in the Internet. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly monitor the appearance of interesting literature on the book market and purchase 2-3 copies of new publications that may be of interest to your audience.

About 20-30 thousand books are presented in the fund of a medium-sized library. A private library may have ten times fewer books, but these should be for the most part sought-after publications. With an average price of 300-500 rubles for a new book, the purchase of 100 book novelties alone will require, on average, 40 thousand rubles. Moreover, book collections should be replenished regularly so that regular readers have an incentive to constantly use the services of a paid library.

For the convenience of using the services of your library, you need to make a convenient catalog. If you are opening your own book club in a major city, it makes sense to consider creating a website with an electronic catalog and the ability to book a book online. For example, your regular readers can look on the site if a book of interest is available and ask to put it aside for them for a while.

A private library may offer other non-standard services, such as delivery of a book to the reader's office or home for an additional fee. In addition, on the library website, you can give users the opportunity to express their wishes, which new books they would like to read. This will allow you to purchase popular new items that will definitely not be stale on the shelves.

A commercial library that has the status of a book club has two main sources of income. First, the owner of such a club makes a profit from renting out books. Let's say a new book costs 350 rubles. It is issued to the reader on bail in the amount of the cost of the book. After reading, it is returned to the library, and the amount of the deposit is returned to the client minus a small percentage (for example, 50 rubles) plus a fine if the book was returned later than the agreed date. Or the reader issues a paid subscription, which allows him to take a certain number of books within a month, six months or a year without additional payment.

By the way, Western city libraries also operate on a semi-commercial basis. So, for example, residents of the city can use the services of the library for free, while the rest pay the cost of a subscription in the amount of about 1000 rubles per quarter. Moreover, in addition to books, in such libraries you can borrow magazines, newspapers and even DVDs, use the electronic storage of music and films, and rent a laptop for work or access to the Internet.

For Russian private library-clubs, the second source of income is of particular interest - the rental of premises for meetings, meetings, trainings, seminars, master classes, friendly conversations or work. In fact, the library operates in the format of an anti-cafe with hourly pay per stay. True, in the latter, although they do not offer food, they nevertheless allow you to bring it with you or order it in a nearby cafe. It is not customary to bring food to libraries, although if the rented reading room is isolated from the room with books, then it is quite possible to offer visitors tea or coffee with sweets. The organization of such a private library would require large expenditures.

If funds allow, you can purchase 1-2 laptops for work (in this case, the library can act as an alternative to a home office), install a WiFi access point, purchase e-book readers, and several board games.

Commercial libraries have a big advantage over public ones: they have the ability to hire students, which can save a lot on labor costs. Young people, for example, can work in a library in shifts, being paid for the hours they work rather than a fixed salary. The library's normal opening hours are weekdays from 9 am to 6-7 pm. Commercial libraries are open to visitors from 8-9 am to 7-8 pm, including one or even two days off.

A specialized library is the best option for a commercial institution. For example, such a library may offer exclusively business literature (as a rule, it operates in a cafe format) or be intended only for children. In the latter case, it is a cross between a library and a children's leisure center. By the way, paid classes with children are also held in large municipal libraries (literary circles, fine arts, creativity). The amount for the lesson is usually symbolic.

Paid book clubs can also offer classes not only to preschool and primary school children, but also to teenagers. The last option seems to be quite promising. Centers for children, which mainly provide services to prepare the child for school, conduct developmental classes, offer classes with speech therapists and psychological consultations, are more than enough even in small towns. But there are much fewer options for classes for teenagers, although these services are just as in demand.

If you position your club as a leisure center, then there is no need to obtain a license to provide services in the field of education. However, if words such as “developmental”, “educational” or the name appear in the curriculum of your center specific methodology, you will need to obtain a license and the status of a KNOE. This is associated with certain difficulties: higher requirements for the chosen premises, for the methodology and for the teachers who work for you. If you have a pedagogical education and you plan to work independently, then you can apply for an IP and carry out your activities alone, without involving additional employees. In this case, we are talking about tutoring. You can simply rent a separate room and conduct classes with children. A library with children's and teenage literature can be an additional way to attract customers.

Profitability depends on the format of your library. On average, such a center can recoup all expenses within 4-6 months from the start of its work, and by the end of the first year it will begin to bring a stable profit (according to forecasts, it can be about 100-150 thousand rubles a month in large cities). Experts advise opening a private library in early autumn, as there is a significant decline in summer. Adults go on vacation, children go out of town, to their grandmother or to the sea. Another period of calm falls during the winter holidays - from mid-December to mid-January.