What to install a pumping station on. Do-it-yourself pumping station for a private house: how to assemble, wiring diagram and automation of a pumping unit. Ready automation systems

Owners of country houses, as a rule, have to deal with the problem of water supply not only for domestic needs, but also for watering the garden and vegetable garden. If the plot is summer cottage and is used only in summer, and the family consists of two people, then in this case you can purchase an ordinary household pump. This unit will easily provide its owners with the necessary amount of water.

To provide life-giving moisture to a large family, and besides, if the need for this arises not only in summer, but all year round, you cannot simply solve the issue. In this case, you will need the device of an entire water supply network, the uninterrupted operation of which will become possible only if a household, small-sized pumping station is installed. With its help, you can solve all issues of water supply, delivering it to the points of analysis quickly and without any interruptions.

For those who want to save money and connect a pumping station with their own hands, this article is intended.

The need for installation

Why do you need a pumping station for a country dwelling? Any such device is capable of independently pumping out from the source and delivering water to any point of its analysis. In addition, the installation of such a station contributes to an increase in pressure in the entire water supply system with a lack of power of a deep or surface pump, which is the main one.

What are the benefits of stations? They consist in the possibility of working for some time even when the power supply is turned off. It is also attractive that the device is able to create a pressure with which the normal water supply of the house and site is carried out. With all these positive qualities the unit is lightweight, which allows its installation in any place convenient for this. In storage systems, the pumping station works like a tank, periodically turning on and off. This feature greatly reduces equipment wear. The pumping station will work for a long time, while eliminating the need to manually carry water.

Device and principle of operation

It will not be difficult for a person who understands at least a little in technology to understand the main elements of a pumping station. What is this unit? Its main element is a surface-type pump equipped with an ejector. It is able to supply water from a depth of 10 m and deliver it to the desired point. That is why the power of the pumping station is determined by the surface pump. How does it work? The suction line goes from the pump to the source. At its end, which is located in the water column, a grid and a check valve are installed. The pump is supplied with a steel pressure tank. The container has a closed structure consisting of two cavities separated by a membrane. Water enters one of them, and air enters the other under pressure.

What is a pressure tank used for? It is required to perform the following functions:

• protection of pipes and water supply connections from possible water hammer;
• accumulation of a certain amount of water, which is under pressure in one of the compartments, which makes it possible not to stop its supply in the event of a power outage.

Due to the property of fluid accumulation in the tank, it is also called a hydraulic accumulator. In some pumps, the volume of such a tank reaches 500 liters.

In addition to the above elements, the pumping station has a pressure switch. What is this item for? When the pressure drops below the critical level, the relay turns on the pump. It can also turn off the unit. This happens when the pressure rises to a certain level.

In addition, the pumping station must have a pressure gauge. This device shows the water pressure that is maintained in the line.

Pumps "Dzhileks Jumbo"

In order to provide water to a country house or cottage, you can use various models of this equipment. The pumping station "Dzhileks Jumbo" is produced by a Russian manufacturer. Such equipment easily ensures the availability of water, not inferior in this matter to city apartments.

The pumping station "Dzhileks Jumbo" is in demand for pumping other liquids, as well as for watering the garden.

The tank, which serves to fill the water, in this equipment is made of high-quality steel that can withstand high pressure. On one side of such a container there is a nipple. It is designed to be able to create and maintain the pressure necessary for normal water supply.

Grundfos pumps

This equipment is produced by the Danish concern Grundfos, founded back in 1945. Today, this manufacturer is the market leader in pumping equipment. At the same time, the high consumer demand for such devices is caused by their high quality and wide range.

The Grundfos household pumping station finds its application in individual households. At the same time, it performs the tasks of providing hot and cold water supply, sewerage and drainage.

If the Grundfos pumping station is installed correctly, and after that it was regularly serviced with the replacement of worn seals and bearings, then it can last for many years and delight the owners with its uninterrupted operation.

Location

As a rule, the units that supply water to the house and to the site are located in basements or caissons. How should the pumping station be installed in this case? The connection diagram provides for the obligatory maintenance of the greatest possible distance from such equipment to the wall. Otherwise, the pump may be damaged due to its strong vibrations.

The place where the water supply station will be installed must meet certain parameters, namely:

• due to the rather loud operation of the pump, the room must be isolated from noise;
• it should be dry, warm and have the possibility of regular ventilation;
• be at a distance as small as possible from the well or from the well, which will allow water to be sucked in with maximum power;
• have sufficient dimensions to carry out equipment repair work and take preventive measures.

For the placement of pumping stations, different options can be used:

1. Basements. This is an ideal place to install a pump, which should be foreseen in advance, at the design stage of a house. In it, installation can be done without much difficulty. Just remember that the basement should be warm and dry.
2. Caisson. This is nothing more than a special platform, which is located directly at the surface of the well. The main advantage of such a place lies in the heat generated by the topsoil.
3. The scheme for connecting the pumping station to the well provides for the arrangement of special departments in it. This option is cheap and quite simple. But it is worth remembering that such an arrangement of the pumping station will not allow access to it for the necessary repair and maintenance work, and will also reduce the pressure level when supplying water to the house.
4. A very convenient and practical option is to place a pumping station in the house itself. But at the same time, it is worth taking care of the soundproofing of such a room.

The unit should not be affected by various mechanical factors. When placing expensive equipment in the basement, you will need to make a stand for it. Such a pedestal will protect the mechanisms and the tank from groundwater.

What else needs to be considered when a pumping station is installed? The connection scheme provides for its location from the well at a distance of no more than 10 meters.

Connecting equipment

Choosing a unit for pumping water and deciding on the place of its installation is far from all that is required in order for the pumping station to start working. Its connection diagram must also be performed correctly. Otherwise, the entire system will work intermittently or not efficiently enough.

What will be the connection diagram of the pumping station? In each case, it depends on the location chosen for the equipment. But regardless of this, such a scheme will include the following:

• suction pipeline lowered into a well or well and going to a pumping station;
• the equipment itself;
• pipeline that goes further to consumers.

This is the general scheme by which a pumping station is connected for a private house. Bindings in each case may be different. The most common cases will be discussed below.

Well connection

When installing a pumping station in a house or in a caisson, the same scheme is used. Its beginning is the supply pipeline, which is lowered into the well. A filter is installed on it, as a rule, a mesh type. After this element is a check valve. Next comes the pipe.

Filter in this case necessary as protection against mechanical impurities. The installation of a check valve will be needed so that when the equipment is turned off, the water from the tank does not flow back into the well. This will allow the pump to turn on less often and extend its life.

The supply pipe is led out through the wall of the well. At the same time, its depth should be slightly below the existing level of soil freezing. Further, a trench is dug from the well to the installation site of the equipment. It has the same depth as the supply pipe. Trenching must be planned in advance. It must provide a minimum number of turns. This will reduce the amount of pressure drop and pump water from a greater depth. For greater reliability of the system, it is recommended to insulate the pipeline. To do this, sheets of expanded polystyrene are laid on top of it, which are then covered with a layer of sand and covered with soil.

The scheme for connecting the pumping station to the well at the entrance to the house provides for the passage of the supply pipe through the foundation. This place must then be insulated. In the house itself, the pipes can already be raised to the place where the equipment is installed.

If a pumping station is installed according to the instructions, then the system described above will work without any failures. The only inconvenience in this case will be digging a trench and entering the pipeline through the wall of the building. It will also be difficult to localize damage to the pipeline in the event of a leak. In order to minimize the likelihood of these problems, it will be necessary to lay high-quality pipes, and at the points of their connection, the arrangement of a manhole. If a high level of groundwater is noted on the site, then a trench for supply pipes will need to be dug above their level. At the same time, to prevent freezing of the water supply, a heating cable is laid near it. You will also need to insulate the cover of the well, as well as its rings.

Water connection

Pumping stations are sometimes installed on centralized water supply. In this case, they are needed to increase the pressure level of the fluid supply to the house. The scheme for connecting a pumping station to a water supply system is similar to that used for water intake from a well. Only in this case is a water pipe suitable for the inlet of the equipment. It also includes a filter and a valve. The output goes to consumers.

However, in this case, it is recommended to install a ball shut-off valve at the inlet. This element will allow you to turn off the entire system, for example, for repairs. A second shut-off valve is placed in front of the pumping station itself. It is necessary in case of repair of equipment or pipeline. It makes sense to put a ball valve at the outlet. Such a measure will allow, if necessary, to turn off consumers. Water from the pipes will not have to be drained.

Well connection

How to do the work in this case? Connecting a pumping station to a well is no different from previous schemes. Only the pipeline should exit at the point where the casing ends. It is here, as a rule, that a caisson is arranged, where a pumping station can be placed.

As in all the schemes described above, a filter is installed at the end of the pipe, as well as a check valve. At the inlet, for the convenience of the first start, you can put a filler tap through the tee.

Automation connection

There are 2 most commonly used schemes with which the necessary control equipment is installed at the pumping station. To carry out such work, you should study the accompanying documentation for the unit. It will definitely indicate the method recommended by the manufacturer.

The connection of the pressure switch of the pumping station must be carried out in a certain sequence. First, it must be connected to the water supply, and then to the electricity network.

In the first installation method, the relay is mounted directly on the pipeline. Installation is carried out using a tee, which is equipped with a fitting.

There is also a second way. When using it, the accumulator is equipped with a fitting with five outlets for the supply and distribution pipeline, pressure gauge, relay, and also for the accumulator itself. In order to measure the pressure in the pumping station, the relay is connected to a 220 V power supply.

Before installing the plumbing system, you need to draw up a detailed wiring diagram, focusing on how the water supply will be carried out - centrally or autonomously, and what is the number of water intake points - dishwasher and washing machine, hot water supply, kitchen faucet, sink, shower, toilet, bathtub. In addition, it is necessary to calculate the approximate consumption of water consumed, taking into account the number of people living in the house, as well as watering the garden and garden. And find out what should be the scheme for connecting it to the water supply network. You can learn about all this in this article.

What is a pumping station?

When constructing an autonomous water supply system and connecting the water supply to public utility networks, the consumer dreams of a regular water pressure in the system. Thus, special pumping equipment can be used to lift from a well located on a personal plot or a well. It comes in various capacities and models, it can be located in various parts of the plumbing system. Surface devices are placed at ground level, submersible devices are lowered directly into a well or well.

Main elements

Pumping equipment should not work constantly, as continuous operation can lead to rapid wear of the mechanisms and components of this device. However, you want to use water at any time of the day. There is a way out - a pumping station is being assembled (the connection diagram and main parts are presented below), which provides a constant pressure in the water supply system. So, consider the main components of the pumping station.

Pump

Very often equipped with surface pumps. They, through an inlet pipe with a filter, pump out water from the main network, well or well.

Battery

A hydraulic accumulator (or pressure accumulator) is a structure of certain overall dimensions, inside of which there is an internal container or an elastic rubber partition. With an increase in pressure in the system, the partition or container expands, respectively, when it decreases, it contracts, directing water into the system and maintaining constant pressure indicators.

Control node

This element determines at what point the pumping device should be started, and when its operation is not required. The switching on and off parameters are determined by the pressure parameters in the system, measured by means of a manometer.

Installation options

Regardless of the location of the water source, the installation of a pumping station can be carried out in three main places - in the basement, a separate building and a caisson. Let's consider them in more detail.

Basement

Such an installation of a pumping station greatly facilitates the maintenance of equipment, since in this case free access to the mechanisms for their repair and maintenance is provided. However, pumping devices are a rather noisy thing, so when choosing this option, you should think about soundproofing measures.

Detached building

In this case, the scheme for connecting the pumping station to the well is provided in a separate building, which is located above the mouth of the well or well. Despite the obvious benefit of this option, the construction of a separate structure for technical structures is a rather costly process.

Caisson

A caisson is a structure that outwardly resembles a container, whose bottom is arranged below the freezing level. It is possible to build large-sized caissons in which it is allowed to place pumping equipment.

Pumping station: reviews

According to consumer reviews of pumping equipment used in stations, in most cases it is not satisfactory. If you want to make sure, it is advisable to purchase stations with equipment from well-known European companies.

Choice of accommodation

Before choosing where the pumping station will be located (the connection diagram also depends on the location), you need to know the requirements for its installation.

• To avoid increased vibration, the pumping station must be installed on a solid foundation. The lack of reliable fastening and a solid foundation can lead to the fact that backlash will form at the junctions of the pipelines, which will provoke leaks. But at the same time, pumping equipment should not come into contact with the ceiling and walls.
• The pumping station (the connection diagram is presented below) must be installed either in a heated room, or must be qualitatively isolated from the effects of negative temperatures. Otherwise, a decrease in temperature can lead to damage to almost all components.

If you plan to use the station year-round, then you will need to make quite complex preparatory work. Automatic pumping stations (connection diagrams also need to be thought out in advance) must be installed in warm rooms, and the pipeline from the house to the well must be laid below the freezing level or insulated.

Organization of the plumbing system

In this case, the ideal option is an autonomous water supply system, which is easy to build. And the cost of such a system is quite democratic. Therefore, it remains to find out what the pumping station for a private house should be, the scheme for connecting it to the water supply system.

There are two main schemes for organizing an autonomous water supply system: based on a well and based on a well. The device of an autonomous network in the latter case begins with drilling a well. It is desirable if the project for the well, the wiring of communications and the installation of the pumping station will be carried out in conjunction with the design of the main building and courtyard buildings. In this case, it is possible to design the installation of a part of the equipment on the basement floors, buildings adjacent to the building or in the basement in such a way that the well and the pumping station (expert reviews confirm this) are in harmony with the general architectural style of the estate. And most importantly, this option in the winter does not require additional protection of communications and equipment from freezing. Equipment arranged in one place will be convenient for repair and maintenance.

Pumping stations for the home: connection diagram

Depending on the configuration of the plumbing system, you can choose to connect the station to a one-pipe or two-pipe system. The latter option is used to increase the depth from which pumping stations for the house (the connection diagram is discussed below) can receive water.

If the depth of the well is not more than 10 meters, then in this case a single-pipe scheme is used. With a suction depth of more than 20 meters, it is more expedient to use a two-pipe scheme with an ejector.

Two-pipe scheme

Connecting a pumping station to a well: a two-pipe scheme.

1. At the first stage, it is necessary to assemble the ejector, which is a separate cast iron assembly with three outlets for connecting the pipeline.
2. A filter mesh is installed at the bottom of the ejector, which, when sand or other small particles enter from a well or well, protects pumping equipment from failure.
3. Then, a plastic socket is installed in the upper part of the ejector, a 32 mm cross section is connected to it. To reach the cross section of a water pipe, you may have to mount several spurs at the same time.
4. At the end of the downstream, a coupling is installed that provides a transition to a polyethylene pipeline. As a rule, this coupling is made of bronze.
5. Next, a cap is installed on the well casing.
6. After that, the required depth of the pipeline is determined. To do this, a long object is lowered into. As a result, the level of the inlet pipe should be about one meter from the bottom of the well to prevent stones or sand from entering from the bottom.
7. A polyethylene pipeline is connected to the ejector unit, the length of which should be equal to the sum of the distance from the depth of the well and the pump to the wellhead (minus 1 meter).
8. Then, a 90° elbow is mounted on the well head.
9. Plastic pipelines are pushed through the straight elbow, which lead to the ejector assembly (finally, the space between the pipelines and the inside of the elbow can be filled with mounting foam).
10. The ejector device is lowered to the required depth. The correctness of the depth can be verified by the mark that was previously made on the pipeline.
11. At the top, a homemade head is fixed, consisting of a knee rotated at an angle of 90 °. The head is fixed on the well casing by means of a specialized one for plumbing.

Connection to internal water supply

Pumping station for a private house: connection diagram to the internal water supply system.

• A HDPE pipe from external networks (from a well or well) enters the building and ends with a brass fitting with a transition to a diameter of 32 mm.
• The connections located before the fine filter have a diameter of 25 mm. A tee with a drain cock is connected to the brass fitting (when replacing or repairing water supply elements). Next, you need to turn towards the station. This will require 90 degrees.
• After the corner, a quick coupling with a ball valve is installed. Next, a coarse mud trap is installed) to protect against sand, small stones, etc.
• If a scheme is provided for connecting a pumping station to a well, then the filter should be installed in the well in front of the relief valve. In the case of pumping equipment, a brass manifold for a pressure gauge, a damper tank and a pressure switch departs from the well. For the first option, the collector is not required due to the fact that the pumping station for the water supply of the house is equipped with a tank and a pressure switch. If a pump is provided from the well, then the pressure switch is mounted in the collector in a horizontal position from above, the damper tank is connected from below, the fine filter is connected to the remaining connection.
• After the filter, a transition to a polypropylene pipeline with a diameter of 25 mm is installed. For hot water supply, products reinforced with fiberglass are used, for cold - unreinforced. Pipelines are joined end-to-end after hot softening (soldering) using a special soldering iron.
• Then the collector is installed cold water, and locking devices are mounted on pipelines in case of repair.

Connection with storage tank

The connection scheme for a pumping station with a storage tank is used when the volume of water is insignificant or the debit of the well (well) is small. The storage tank is installed between the water source and the end user. The volume of the tank, depending on the daily consumption, can be from 300 to 1000 liters. In urban conditions, the daily volume of water per person is taken from a consumption of 170-250 liters, in the absence of a bathroom and in country conditions - 50-75 liters.

The connection diagram of a pumping station with a storage tank has the following advantages:

• AT winter time storage tank does not require additional heating.
• The storage tank does not take up space in the house.
• Large tanks are allowed.

For underground installation, it is necessary to use storage tanks of a round or ribbed shape, which will ensure a high-quality connection of the pumping station to the well. The connection scheme using a storage tank is a cascade of separately controlled pumps.

(19 ratings, average: 4,42 out of 5)

Water supply is the main benefit of civilization, necessary for a full-fledged comfortable living outside the city. Owners of country houses and cottages located far from the centralized water supply provide uninterrupted water supply to their homes by installing a pumping station. With a round-the-clock supply of water for hot and cold water supply for the needs of the family, for watering a personal plot, as well as a washing machine or dishwasher, a household pumping station can easily handle it.

Connection of a pumping station

Implement selection

When choosing a pump for installing a pumping station in a private house, you should consider several indicators:

Model performance: the needs of the family must be fully satisfied, without exceeding the debit of the hydraulic structure. The norm of daily water consumption for each person is about 250 liters.

The depth of the rise of water from the source. With a well depth of not more than 10 m, a single-pipe system is sufficient; for water supply from a depth of 10 to 50 m, a two-pipe pump station with an ejector is recommended.

When calculating maximum head both the height of the water rise and the length of all horizontal sections of the water supply are taken into account.

Control system: automatic or manual.

Pump type: surface (placed on the surface) or submersible (lowered into a well or well). Stations with a surface pump are very noisy, but easier to maintain and repair, a submersible pump is silent, but very difficult to repair.

Availability and volume of water storage. Storage tanks, having large dimensions, complicate the installation of a pumping station with their own hands. And without having a forced effect on the flow of water, they do not contribute to the stability of pressure in the pipes. To ensure constant pressure in the pipeline, the storage tank must be mounted at a height. The level of its filling is regulated by a float, in the event of a malfunction of which there is a risk of flooding the room. Using such a "water tower" is not very convenient.

Approximately 20 years ago it became popular "turretless" system, which combines the operation of a pump with a hydraulic accumulator and does not require the construction of complex high-rise structures to connect the pumping station to the well.

The principle of operation of the station with a hydraulic accumulator is based on the fact that the main unit is divided inside into two compartments that perform the functions of pumping both water and air into pipes. In addition to the pump and the accumulator, in such a connection diagram of the pumping station there is a pressure switch, a drain valve and a pressure gauge.

accumulator for placement no additional space required, since its volume is 25-100 liters. The pressure is regulated automatically by means of an installed relay. When the required pressure level in the water supply system is reached, the operation of the device is suspended. Improper connection and adjustment of the starting relay can lead to disruption of the entire water supply system. It is recommended to set the lower pressure for turning on the pumping device at 1.5 bar. The upper cut-off pressure is standardly set by the manufacturer at 2.5-3 bar, sometimes it is increased by hand to 5 bar.

Determination of the installation location

Since the turret cannot be used on an open surface without heating during the cold season, it installation in the country is possible only in three places:

1. In a warm, dry basement. If its area allows placing a pumping unit, the selected room is insulated and soundproofed. Since the equipment vibrates strongly during operation, it should be installed on a separate, solid, well-reinforced platform that is not adjacent to the walls. Otherwise, during operation, water pipes or walls of the house may be damaged.
2. In a separate heated building, following the same rules as when installing in the basement of a house. In the absence of a separate room, it is permissible to place the pump in the bathroom or in the kitchen, while realizing that it will make a lot of noise during operation.
3. In a caisson. It must be located below the level of soil freezing, that is, at least 2 m. Additional insulation requires a caisson cover.

The selected place for organizing water supply should be as close as possible to a water source (well or well) and provide free access to equipment for inspection and repair. It is undesirable to have energy sources in the same room with pumping equipment. Without a separate room or basement, it is possible to use a warm (not lower than +5 degrees) and dry underground with a hatch for the equipment of the pumping station. Not to hear how the pumping station works will help thick rubber.

Wiring diagram

For uninterrupted water supply to the pipeline, it is necessary correctly combine the water source into a single scheme(well or well), pumping station and consumers. In any scheme, regardless of the chosen location for the installation of pumping equipment, there is a suction pipeline connecting the well or well with the pump, the station itself and the pipeline to consumers.

All work on the installation of a pumping station for a well or a caisson with your own hands conditionally divided into several stages.

• The trenches are laid below the freezing line of the soil under a slight slope to the water source.
• Polyethylene pipes with a diameter of 32 mm are mounted in a well or borehole for supplying water to pumping equipment and connected to the unit.
• Domestic water pipes are connected to a water supply station.
• The electrical wire is installed and the system is started.

At the end of the supply pipeline, lowered into the well or well, a strainer is installed to prevent various impurities (sand, clay, other small debris) from entering the water supply system. Next, a check valve is installed for the pump, which does not allow water to flow back under its own weight when the engine stops working. Then there is a pipe to the unit. From the pumping station, the pipeline is laid to the house.

The closer the source of water is to housing, the less work will be required on laying trenches and pipes. The caisson is usually equipped with reinforced concrete tanks or concrete rings according to the principle of the well device. For insulation and water resistance, the inner surface is glued onto bituminous mastic with extruded polystyrene foam. In dry areas, where the groundwater level is at least a meter below the caisson, it is possible to lay out a brick pit, filling the bottom with concrete.

A two-pipe connection scheme, more complex, but more often used, is carried out according to the following algorithm:

All connections are required seal very carefully using linen or sealing paste.

The filter must be cleaned regularly. A clogged device stops passing water to the pump, contributing to its breakdown.

For normal operation of the check valve and adjustment of the starting relay, a small amount of water is poured into the pump through the provided hole before the first start.

Available in specialized stores pipe with check valve for water for pump and strainer assembled.

If the centralized water supply network passes in close proximity to your country house, the pumping unit can be connected to it. To do this, at the point of separation of the pipeline, the water supply is divided into two parts. The city main pipe is connected to the storage tank, and from the tank, water flows through pipes to the pump. The housing pipeline is connected to the outlet of the installation.

When installing a pumping station yourself, you must take into account some important aspects:

• Water pipes should be purchased with a margin, since when laying, the flow rate increases due to corners, turns, bends, and if the foundation thickness is incorrectly calculated.
• Tighten all threaded connections with a wrench to avoid water leakage.
• The pressure in the accumulator should not fall below 1.2-1.5 atmospheres.

Can a pumping station be assembled and installed with your own hands, without the involvement of third-party specialists? This question is asked by many owners of dachas and country houses who want to provide themselves with the required amount of water both for domestic needs and for watering plants in their backyard. The issue of installing a pumping station, which is quite realistic to assemble with your own hands, becomes even more relevant in cases where a summer cottage or a country house is located in areas without centralized water supply.

Why is a pumping station needed in an autonomous water supply system

Having decided to install a pumping station on a well that is already on the plot, you must first figure out why such an installation is needed. If we talk about those tasks that allow you to effectively solve pumping stations for wells and wells, then this should include:

• lifting water from a well or well and its uninterrupted supply to all points of an autonomous water supply system;
• ensuring a stable pressure of the flow of a liquid medium transported through a pipeline system, as well as the absence of air plugs in the elements of such a system;
• ensuring the supply of water to the pipeline system for a certain period even in cases where the electric pump is not working, which may occur due to its breakdown or failures in the power supply network.

Unlike individual pumps, which are also used to pump water from a well or a well, pumping units provide a more gentle operation of the equipment, since the electric pump, which is part of such stations, does not turn on every time the taps are opened at the tapping points, but only at those moments when the level of the liquid medium in the accumulator drops to a critical level.

Design features of the pumping unit

A pumping unit (station) is a whole complex of technical devices, each of which plays a role in ensuring the efficient operation of the entire system as a whole. A typical structural diagram of a pumping unit includes a number of elements.

Pump

In this capacity, as a rule, surface devices of a self-priming or centrifugal type are used. They are installed together with the rest of the equipment that is part of the station on the surface of the earth, and a suction hose is lowered into the well or well, through which the liquid medium is pumped out from the underground source.

Mechanical filter

The filter is installed on the end of the hose lowered into the pumped liquid medium. The task of such a device is to prevent solid inclusions contained in the composition of water pumped out from an underground source from entering the inside of the pump.

check valve

This element prevents the water pumped out of the well or well from moving in the opposite direction.

Hydraulic accumulator (hydraulic tank)

The hydraulic tank is a metal container, the inner part of which is divided by an elastic partition made of rubber - a membrane. Air is contained in one part of such a tank, and water is pumped into the other, raised by a pump from an underground source. The water entering the accumulator stretches the membrane, and when the pump is turned off, it begins to shrink, acting on the liquid in the other half of the tank and pushing it through the pressure pipe into the pipeline under a certain pressure.

Working according to the principle described above, the hydraulic accumulator of the pumping station provides a constant pressure of the fluid flow in the pipeline. In addition, the pumping station, the installation of which does not take much effort and money, eliminates the occurrence of hydraulic shocks that are dangerous for the water supply system.

Automation block

It controls the operation of the pumping unit. The main element of the pumping automation unit is a relay that reacts to the level of water pressure, which is filled with a hydraulic accumulator tank. In the event that the water pressure in the accumulator drops to a critical level, the relay automatically turns on the electric pump, and water begins to flow into the tank, stretching the membrane. When the pressure of the liquid medium rises to the required level, the pump turns off.

Pumping units are also equipped with pressure gauges and pipes, which are used to tie and connect to the main circuit of the water supply system.

It should be borne in mind that a typical pumping unit, which is made on the basis of a surface pump, can be used to pump water from wells and wells, the depth of which does not exceed 10 meters. In order to raise water from deeper underground sources, you can additionally equip the pumping unit with an ejector or assemble a pumping station with a submersible pump, but such a design scheme is used quite rarely.

The modern market offers many pumping stations of various models and brands, the prices of which vary quite a lot. Meanwhile, you can save on the purchase of serial equipment if you buy the necessary components and assemble the pumping station with your own hands.

Where to begin

Before thinking about how to assemble a pumping station for a private house or for a summer residence, it is necessary to calculate the parameters of the water supply system that such equipment will serve. The following are the main characteristics of the water supply system, which determine the technical parameters of the pumping equipment, as well as the connection diagram of the pumping station.

Well debit

This parameter will directly determine how much water the pumping unit can pump out from an underground source per unit of time.

Volume of water consumption

The calculation takes into account the number of people who will permanently live in a house served by the plumbing system, as well as the number and type of household appliances that require water to operate. Naturally, the volume of water consumption cannot exceed the debit of the well, since in this case the underground source simply will not be able to supply the amount of water that is necessary to service the autonomous water supply system. When calculating the volume of water consumption, one should also take into account the fact that in the summer period pumping units are used not only for domestic needs, but also for watering green spaces.

Well characteristics

Here we are talking about the depth of the source. The architectural features of the building that will be served by the plumbing system are also important. It is necessary to take into account these parameters in order to select pumping equipment that will be able to pump water from the lowest point of the source and raise it through the pipeline system to the highest point of the drawdown in the house.

After determining all of the above parameters, you can select and purchase all the necessary components and proceed with the installation of the pumping station.

Choosing a place to install

It is not difficult to make a pumping unit for a private house or cottage with your own hands. However, at the same time, it is necessary to solve the question of how and where to install the pumping station correctly. The place for installing a pumping station, on the correct choice and arrangement of which the efficiency of the equipment will depend, must meet certain requirements.

• If drilling a well or arranging a well on a personal plot has already been completed, then the pumping station is mounted as close as possible to the source of water supply.
• In order to protect pumping equipment from water freezing during the cold season, the installation site must be characterized by comfortable temperature conditions.
• Since pumping units need regular maintenance, then free access must be provided to the place of their installation.

Based on the above requirements, a caisson or a separate and specially equipped room is used as a place to install a pumping station in a country house or in a private house.

Sometimes they install pumping units in buildings that already exist on the territory of the infield. Each of these options has its pros and cons, which should be discussed in more detail.

Placing a pumping station in a separate room in a building with a well drilled under the house

The scheme for installing a pumping station in the basement of a house is an almost ideal option for locating such equipment. With this installation scheme, easy access to the equipment is provided, and the issue of reducing the noise level generated during the operation of the station is also easily solved. This option will be most successful if the pump room is heated.

If the pumping unit is located in an outbuilding, quick access to it is somewhat difficult. But with such a scheme for connecting a pumping station, the problem with noise from the operation of the equipment is radically solved.

Particular attention should be paid to the issue of laying the pipeline system. The pipes through which water will be transported from the pumping station to the residential building are placed in the ground below the level of its freezing, or, if they are mounted on the surface of the earth, they are well insulated. This approach to the installation of the pipeline will protect the water from freezing in the winter.

Quite often, pumping stations are mounted in a caisson - a special tank that is installed above the head of the well, directly into the pit. A caisson can be either a plastic or metal container buried in the ground below its freezing level, or a permanent underground structure, the walls and base of which are made of concrete or finished with brickwork. It should be borne in mind that when installing a pumping station in a caisson, access to equipment is quite limited. In addition, if a connection scheme of this type is used for a pumping station, then the pipeline section between the pumping equipment and the building it serves must be carefully insulated or placed in the ground at a depth below the freezing level.

How the build process works

It is best if the assembly of the pumping station and its connection are carried out in dry and warm weather. This will allow without haste, correctly and accurately perform all procedures carried out in the open air. This recommendation should also be followed because it may take a significant amount of time to assemble, connect and adjust the pumping station.

The scheme by which the assembly and connection of a pumping station with a storage tank-hydroaccumulator is carried out is as follows.

1. First, a check valve and a coarse filter are installed on the intake hose, which will protect the pump from solid inclusions contained in the pumped water entering its internal chamber.
2. Then the upper end of the intake hose is connected to the pump inlet.
3. After connecting the intake hose and the pump, we assemble the entire structure of the pumping station. To do this, using a hose, we connect the discharge pipe of the pump to the inlet pipe of the accumulator.
4. To ensure automatic switching on and off of the pump, a relay is mounted on the accumulator, which sets the appropriate parameters for the water pressure in the hydraulic tank.
5. After completing all the above procedures, the assembled and installed pumping station is connected to the water supply system, for which a hose (or a rigid pipe) can be used.
6. After connecting all the elements of the system, the pumping station is connected to the power supply network. The equipment is being tested.

Ball valves must be installed on the inlet and pressure lines of the pumping station, which are necessary in order to isolate the equipment from the system it serves in cases where it is required to dismantle it for maintenance and repair.

Automation for a pumping station, which ensures more efficient operation of the equipment and its protection from emergency situations, in addition to a pressure switch, may additionally include a number of other technical elements. Such elements, in particular, include a sensor for the presence of water in the system and a sensor that controls the degree of heating of the electric pump casing.

When starting up the pumping station and its further operation, it is also important to know how to adjust the pressure switch to the required response parameters. It is possible to set such a relay to the upper and lower pressure values, at which it will automatically turn off and turn on the pump, using two springs. The degree of their compression is regulated by means of special screws. A correctly adjusted pressure sensor starts and stops the pump of the station exactly at the moments when it is needed, and also ensures that water is supplied to the accumulator with a uniform flow and without interruptions.

Before you connect the pumping station to the power supply and lower the intake hose into the well or well, it is important to properly install such equipment. To get a more complete picture of the process of installing a pumping station, you can not only study the theoretical information on this topic, but also watch the corresponding video.

As a support platform on which the pumping station is installed, a pre-poured concrete base, as well as an ordinary concrete slab or a wooden shield, can be used. The main thing that should be controlled when installing a pumping station is that the equipment is located on the support platform absolutely evenly, without distortions.

What elements of the pumping station can be made independently

You can save a lot on the cost of a home-made pumping station if you make a hydraulic accumulator for it yourself. A homemade accumulator is made by many home craftsmen.

How to make such a device yourself? To make a hydraulic accumulator with your own hands, you will need the following components:

• capacity of at least 30 l;
• rubber membrane of the appropriate diameter;
• pressure switch;
• manometer;

Many owners of country houses have a question about how to provide the house and the area around it with water.

Of course, if the family is small and the cottage is used exclusively in the summer, then an ordinary pump will suffice.

But if the family is large and the country house remains residential throughout the year, then you need to design a whole water supply system. To do this, you can use a pumping station, which will allow you to supply water to the house and site quickly and without problems. How to install it with your own hands and connect it to a well or well, read this article.

Equipment types

Such pumping units are used in cases where the water supply comes from a well or well.

They are divided into two types:

• automatic;
• self-priming.

Automatic pumping stations, in turn, are divided into three types:

1. Vortex. Such pumps are installed only indoors, as they are very sensitive to changes in atmospheric pressure. The vortices that form the pressure in the pump are made using a paddle wheel. The disadvantage of the vortex station is that a certain pressure is already needed to start it.
2. Centrifugal. This type of system is used for wells, as it is able to withstand temperature changes that occur in the hose. Due to its structure, the centrifugal station creates pressure that can lift water from a very great depth.
3. Sewer. Such installations are very large in size and consist of pumps, sensors, filters and pipelines.

Good to know: centrifugal and sewage pumping stations are submersible. They are used when water is deep underground.

How to properly mount to a well or well

The first thing to do is determine where the pumping station will be located.

This can be a room inside the house (for example, a basement) or a caisson (this is a waterproof chamber that is located outside the house).

In order to connect the system to a well or to a well, you must:

1. The legs of the station must be attached to the surface. This is done using a special fastener - an anchor.
2. Lower the hose into the well (well). You need to be careful not to lower the hose to the very bottom, so that when pumping out water, various debris and dirt do not get into it. It is enough to raise it one meter from the bottom of the well.
3. A polyethylene pipe is required at one end, which is placed in a well or well. But, before lowering it, it is necessary to attach a coupling (connecting element) to the pipe. In order for the pipe to be constantly filled with water, you need to put a check valve, and then a filter.
4. The second end of the pipe, through trenches laid in advance, is led directly to the water supply of the house.

Note: to avoid errors during installation, before laying pipes in trenches, it is advisable to calculate the length of the pipe in advance. To do this, you need to take into account the number of bends and the thickness of the foundation.

Water connection

As a rule, the pumping station is connected to the water supply in the event that there is not enough pressure for the heating equipment.

In order to connect the system to the water supply, you need:

1. The water pipe must be disconnected at a certain point.
2. The end of the pipe that comes from the central line is connected to the storage tank.
3. The pipe from the tank is connected to the inlet of the pump, and the pipe that is connected to its outlet goes to the pipe that leads to the house.
4. Lay electrical wiring.
5. Equipment adjustment.

check valve

The check valve is considered the most important element in the water supply system. Its main purpose is to prevent leakage.

In order for the system to work continuously, it must always be filled with water. The non-return valve prevents water from flowing out of the system by allowing water to flow in only one direction.

Such an element consists of a spring and a locking element, which are located in the cylinder. As a rule, such an element is placed either in the area in front of the station, or at the inlet of the suction pipe. The presence of a check valve allows you not to fill it with water before each operation of the station.

It is better to install the check valve in a vertical position (the arrow on the body should point up). This will increase the life of the element.

Of course, it can also be installed horizontally, only then, during operation, dirt will settle on its walls, which can lead to clogging.

Correct strapping

The piping of the pumping station is the connection of the pumping equipment to the pipeline and other components.

This is done as follows:

1. Install the system on a horizontal plane.
2. The station is connected to the pipeline through a vibration isolator. When the system is running, it blocks vibration.
3. Then shut-off valves are fixed, which allow the pump to be turned off in case of repair.
4. Installing a strainer in the suction line.
5. For ease of use of the system, it is recommended to install pressure gauges.
6. Installation of check valves.

launch

Before starting the system, it is necessary to check the serviceability and compliance of all elements, adjust the air pressure in the accumulator.

After that, the pumping station and the suction line must be filled with water (this is done through a special hole in the pump).

Then it must be connected to the electrical network for a soft start and check the pressure and automation.

The station should not be started very often, otherwise the engine will overheat. The rate of launches in one hour is up to 20 times (the exact figure should be indicated in the technical data sheet of the system). Then, during operation, it is necessary to control the air pressure in the accumulator (1.5 atmospheres).