Presentation in English on the topic "idioms". Colored idioms in English Presentation on the topic of idioms in English

XI regional youthful "Philological readings

MOU Krasnotkatskaya SS NMR

Romanova Vera

MOU Krasnotkatskaya secondary school

7 class "B"

(13 years old)

Competitive work

Genre "Research"

English idioms

EnglishIdioms

Teacher-mentor:

Shumilova Irina Gennadievna

Compliance with the position

English teacher

Yaroslavl, 2017

Content

Theoretical part of the research work:

Introduction

Main part

What are idioms? How are they different from proverbs and sayings?

How did idioms, proverbs and sayings appear?

Are there the same idioms and proverbs in Russian and English?

How many idioms are there in English

Translation difficulties.

Why do you need to know idioms?

Final part

a\Conclusion

b\Final result

List of used literature and Internet resources

Review of the teacher-mentor

Appendix1 (The small dictionary of idioms)

Appendix 2 (disc)

1. Introduction

While studying English at school, I came across an expression that was very difficult to translate into Russian: This expression sounded "Youarepullingmyleg!" Literally, it will be translated like this: “You are pulling my leg!”, But in fact it will sound like this: “You are fooling me!” And as it turned out, there were many such difficult-to-translate expressions in English. So I got acquainted with idioms. And since very little is said about this in English lessons, so I decided to study this topic in more detail.. And they don't talk about it often in class. So I consider my workrelevant when learning English.

When working on a projectwas used problem research was the search for an answer to the question "What are idioms and how important are they?"

Object of study : idioms and their role in speech

The purpose of my work:

3. Summarize the results

4. Compile a mini-dictionary of idioms and create a “helper disk” with reference material

Subject

Hypothesis: Idioms do not affect the language and they can not be used in speech

Stages of work on the study:

1. Choosing a theme for my project

3.Research work

4. Registration of the result, protection and presentation of the work

Ways to solve the problem:

Practical significance consists in enriching speech, acquaintance with the history and culture of the country of the language being studied through idioms and a compiled mini-dictionary of idioms and the disk can be used in further language learningWhen working on a projectwas used printed material and, for the most part, online resources. (Cm.List of used literature and Internet resources)

2. Main body

The study of the theoretical part allowed me to find answers to the following questions

What are idioms? How do they differ from proverbs and sayings? (Appendix 1.1)

How did idioms, proverbs and sayings appear? (appendix 1.2)

Are there the same idioms and proverbs in Russian and English? (appendix 1.3)

How many idioms are there in English? (appendix 1.4)

What are the difficulties of translation? (appendix 1.5)

Why do you need to know idioms? (appendix 1.6)

After studying the theoretical part and my conclusions (see the final part of the work), I began to compile a short dictionary of idioms. In it, I tried to distribute idioms by topic, based on Internet sources. In the course of my work, I used dictionaries in electronic form, which I found on the Internet, and this led me to the idea of ​​creating a reference book. Which I called the helper disc. I respect the copyrights of the creators of these manuals, so I created the disc for personal use

3. The final part of the work

In the course of my research work, I came to the following conclusions

Conclusion

After doing my research, I came to the following conclusions:

I learned that idioms differ from proverbs and sayings in their brevity (2-3 words), the meaning of which is not always obvious, while a saying is a figurative expression, often speaks of the speaker's emotions or attitude towards something. And a proverb is already a sentence with a complete meaning and contains moralizing, advice, worldly wisdom, etc. Idioms do not make sense, but proverbs and sayings carry

I realized that it is not known exactly when and how idioms appeared, but the main sources are:

Bible

Legends and myths of Ancient Greece and Rome

Literary creativity, especially Shakespeare

Historical circumstances, events, folk speech

I learned that the most common classification is thematic. There are a large number of idioms associated with food, others containing the names of animals associated with sports, transport, weather. There are idioms that reflect the history (not only of Great Britain), the national character. For example:

Toshowtruecolor- show your true face

Previously, ships were identified by the colors of the flags on them. And only when you got close to the ship, you could see the true purpose

Awhiteelephant- an expensive and inconvenient thing. The story of the origin of this idiom is based on an interesting legend of Ancient Siam, when its ruler gave white elephants to those whom he treated badly.

The idioms reflected the features of the national character of the British, their determination, their ability to be stubborn, adamant, for example:

to put one "s shoulder to the wheel ( go to work vigorously ).

You should never try to translate Russian idioms into English or English idioms into Russian. Sometimes the meaning is similar, but the realities of life are often radically different. Therefore, these units of the language should be memorized exactly, observing the word order when used, exactly those grammatical characteristics, including exactly the vocabulary that was originally

I concluded that idioms are very difficult to understand, they must be learned.

I realized that idioms appear and then lose their relevance. Language, like a living organism, does not stand still - it develops with us. It is very important to know exactly modern expressions so as not to get into an awkward situation.

For example:"raining cats and dogs" is already obsolete - an elderly native speaker might say this, butIt "s a hot potato (This is a sensitive topic) is relevant

Final result of my work :

The English language is very rich in idioms, proverbs and sayings, which are constantly found in literature, in newspapers, in films, in radio and television programs, as well as in every day communication. The correct and appropriate use of proverbs and sayings gives speech a unique originality and special expressiveness. And they reflect the history and culture of the people whose language we are learning.Therefore, my research work proved that the hypothesis that idioms do not affect the language and can not be used in speech was not confirmed. .

List

Used literature and Internet resources:

1. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language for schoolchildren. Compilation by Karantirov S.I. Moscow LLC "House of the Slavonic Book" 2015

2.Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms, M. McCarthy, 1998) 5782dictionaryarticles,

5.html

6. http://yun.moluch.ru/archive/7/452/

Feedback on the competitive work

teacher-mentor

Shumilova Irina Gennadievna

English has long been an international language of communication and its study is already a hot topic in itself. And a very interesting and significant part of it are idioms, proverbs and sayings. But unfortunately, as part of the study of English at school, not enough attention is paid to this topic. Our students from time to time face the questions “What are idioms? What are they needed for? How do they differ from proverbs and sayings? One of the lessons in which, while studying the material, Vera encountered idioms and served as the beginning of the study of this issue. And the problem arose by itself: "What are idioms and how important are they." Therefore, I believe that the answer to this question is relevant.

My role, as a teacher-mentor, was to recommend sources of information and control in the selection of information, creating conditions for activity, helping to evaluate the result.

Romanova Vera independently chose the purpose of the work and the ways of its implementation. She showed a serious attitude to the selection of material and its analysis. She also came up with a very creative approach to the presentation and application to the study.

Vera got additional motivation to learn English, experience in research work, search and selection of the necessary information, practice in creating text documents and presentations. And also the practice of public speaking, which is very necessary for her. Her knowledge has been enriched with new information and the girl plans to continue her work in the study of phraseological units in the future.

Romanova Vera Anatolyevna

When working on a projectwas used printed material and, for the most part, online resources. The competition work is made in the genre form "Research"problem research was the search for an answer to the question "What are idioms and how important are they?" The purpose of my work:

1. Analyze idioms and identify their features.

2. Organize idiomatic expressions.

3. Summarize the results

4. Make a mini dictionary of idioms

Subject of my research have become idioms as an integral part of the English language

My stages of work on the project:

1. Choosing a theme for my project

2. Preparation of materials, selection of information, determination of the result

3.Research work

4.Formulation of the result, protection and presentation of the project

My ways to solve the problem:

1. The study of theoretical material on this topic.

2. Compilation of a mini-dictionary for schoolchildren.

Result of work:

In the course of the work, the goal of studying idioms was achieved. This is an integral part of the language, which gives color and vivacity to speech. It is difficult to memorize them, therefore, in the process of work, idioms were systematized and created "Thesmalldictionaryofidioms”, which will help me and my classmate in further learning English. I plan to study sayings and proverbs separately in the future.

• due to the appeal to color as one of the main features in the study of the world around us and an attempt to identify the role of color in the construction of human visual space

Object of study

• are the primary colors of the spectrum in anglophone culture

Subject of study

• are color idioms in English

• expand and deepen your knowledge of the English language by choosing English idioms as the subject of study

For achievement

The goal is to solve the following tasks:

• collect, summarize and systematize materials about idioms;
• consider idiomatic expressions with different color shades;
• compare them in Russian and English;
• classify the color vocabulary of the English language;
• create a "Color Dictionary" for use by students and teachers of English.

Bob : You "re up bright and early this morning , Susan .

Susan : I didn't sleep a wink . I was awake all night thinking about the new business.

Bob : Running your own business is lots of work . Are you prepared to work like a dog ?

Susan : no. But I am prepared to hire you to run the business .

Bob : Do you want me to run a cookie business? Fat chance !

Susan : Why not?

Bob: I don't have a clue about making cookies . I don't even know how to turn the oven on!

Susan : I'll give you a crash course .

Bob : Do I have to do the baking?

Susan : no. You"ll just manage the business side.

Bob : Needless to say, I have mixed feelings about working for you.

Susan : I "ll be nice. I promise you" ll be a happy camper .

Bob : OK. Let's give it a shot boss!

Now you'll read and listen to the dialogue. Fill the gaps in your cards, then check yourselves and try to guess the meanings of the idioms.

The concept of "idiom" in linguistics

- [gr. idioma - peculiar expression] lingv. a stable turn of speech, the meaning of which is not determined by the meaning of its constituent words; indecomposable phrase

Idiom

idiomatic expression

is a phrase or expression in which the words used together have a meaning different from that given in the dictionary for each particular word.

Origin of idioms

The old English language

Authors' idioms

The Bible

mythology

other languages

« Color idioms" in Russian and English

• “ Parents hand everything on the silver platter ” verbatim "everything is served on a silver platter." Our Expression "on a silver platter"

• “ The grass is always greener on the other side on the fence.” Literal translation "The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence." There is no analogue in Russian, but there is a proverb: "Well, where we do not".

• “ Between the devil and deep blue sea” sounds like Russian "between two fires", in literal translation "between hell and the deep blue sea"

Like a red rag to a bull - a red rag for a bull.

Red-letter day - a memorable day.

To be in the red - incur losses.

Red tape - bureaucracy, red tape.

Catch (someone) red-handed - catch (someone) at the scene of a crime, catch red-handed.

Not a red cent - not a penny.

Paint the town red - go on a spree, go on a spree.

Red herring is a distraction.

Red-blooded - a healthy, full of health person.

Red eye - night flight.

See red - get angry.

I am feeling blue - so they say when they feel blues and longing.

Once in a blue moon - For once, extremely rarely.

blueblood - blue blood (as in Russian, this means belonging to the aristocracy).

blue study - gloomy thoughts, heavy thoughts.

Make the air blue - quarrel, quarrel.

blue collars - working class.

Until you are blue in the face - until you turn blue (a similar idiom is also found in Russian).

blue ribbon- literally - "blue ribbon". Blue ribbons were awarded in the old days to ships that successfully crossed the Atlantic. And today this idiom is used when talking about something cool, high quality.

Talk a blue streak - to chat incessantly, chatter.

Blue-eyed boy - favourite, favourite.

Scream blue murder - make a noise, yell.

black and blue - bruise.

Give (someone) the green light - to allow, to give permission to someone (literally: to give the green light).

green hand - newbie, inexperienced person.

green thumb - Talent in gardening.

green belt - green Zone.

green collars - professions related to the environment (green collars)

green eyed monster - jealousy (even Shakespeare in "Othello" called jealousy a green-eyed monster).

green with envy - to be jealous (literally - to turn green with jealousy).

green-fingered - gardener.

Get gray hair - turn gray.

gray matter - mind, intellect (literally: gray matter).

A gray area something vague, indefinite.

In the pink - be happy.

Look at the world through rose-colored glasses - look at the world through rose-colored glasses

To see pink elephants - to see something that does not exist, that exists only in your imagination

tickled pink - to be delighted.

pink of perfection - the pinnacle of perfection.

pink slip - notice of dismissal from work.

Pink collars - obsolete. (pink collar) purely "female" professions - secretaries, cashiers, nannies.

yellow press - yellow press.

Have a yellow streak - to be cowardly.

yellow-bellied - to be afraid, to be afraid (literally: to be a yellow-bellied).

The devil is not so black as he is painted - The devil is not so terrible as he is painted.

To blacklist blacklist.

black sheep- black sheep.

Be in the black book be in disfavor.

black as ink black as soot.

black dog- bad mood, melancholy, despondency.

In the black be in the black, without losses, with a profit.

Black-tie event/affair – an event where men are required to be formally dressed.

Blackball (someone) reject someone.

blackmail- blackmail, extortion.

black market black market.

black box black box.

White elephant - expensive, but unnecessary, useless purchase.

As white as a sheet pale, white as a sheet.

white night- night without sleep

white-collars office workers, knowledge workers (white collar)

white lie white lies, lies for personal gain.

Raise a white flag surrender (raise the white flag).

To know black from white have an idea of ​​what's what.

It's black and white without a doubt.

In black and white officially, in writing.

findings

• Color idioms are multi-valued and bright. They are outside of time and outside of class division.

• idiomatic expressions with different color shades of the English language are quite difficult to translate into other languages.

• when communicating in a foreign language, it is important not only to have a large vocabulary, but also to use expressions such as idioms and idiomatic expressions

To be in the red

Incur losses

Catch red-handed

Catch red-handed

Once in a blue moon

For once

Blue blood

Give the green light

Allow (give green light)

Look at the world through rose-colored glasses

To see pink elephants

See the world through rose colored glasses

Seeing something that doesn't exist

Have a yellow streak

be cowardly

Be afraid, be afraid

Black sheep

be in the black, no loss

As white as a sheet

Raise a white flag

Pale as a sheet

Surrender (raise the white flag)

Go gray.

mind, intellect (gray matter)

An idiom is ... In the modern sensible
Russian language dictionary
edited by S. A.
Kuznetsov given
the following definition
idioms: "Idiom (gr.
idioma - peculiar
expression) – turnover
speech, not transmitted
verbatim to another
language." English
the language is very rich
idiomatic
expressions that
meet in
literature, newspapers,
everyday speech. Them
over 15,000.

Why is it important to learn idioms?

Idioms reflect
culture and life
people, his
rich
historical experience,
mentality
native speakers.

Idioms do
our speech over
expressive
emotional
they give
flavor of our
speech, make language
alive.

Idioms get closer
our speech to speech
native speaker.
Also, idioms
contribute
development
functional
literacy and
develop language
guess.

All idioms can be divided
into two groups: those who
have exact or
approximate match
in their native language, and those who
do not match, that is,
their meaning is necessary
explain.
The first group can
include the following English
idioms: take the bull by the
horns - take the bull by the horns
(full match in Russian
and English);
Remember these idioms
easy, because you can
parallel between native and
the language being studied.

To another group
include idioms, not
matching
in native language. Them
cannot be translated
verbatim. They have
metaphorical
meaning. For example,
English phrase
"have a bee in one's
bonnet" (lit. "to have a bee in
hat") means
"be obsessed with something."

HOW TO WORK WITH IDIOMS

For the best
memorizing idioms
should be found
compliance with
mother tongue,
note
for differences and
learn an expression
entirely. If a
no match, then
need to learn
expression in
certain
context.

Spotlight

UMK "Spotlight" contains
necessary material for
work with idioms. Already in
textbook for grade 7 are introduced
first idioms: as cool as a
cucumber, too many cooks spoil
the broth, crying over spilt milk, a
couch potato. All these
idioms refer to the second
group. They need to be taught
in the context. Entering idioms on
lesson, fixing them in
exercises, students
get homework:
create situations in which
data can be used
phraseological units, and
illustrate with a drawing.

a couch potato

as cool as a cucumber

Translation of this
idioms deadpan,
calm,
cold-blooded;
as calm as
boa.
http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=4LT17k6
mGDQ (show
video)

Idioms are introduced situationally in English.

Yes, my friends, obviously, in England the most ordinary
Cucumbers are incredibly calm.
In any case, one might think so based on the meaning and
diomas As cool as a cucumber – a person who
is calm and controls especially emotions in a difficult
situation. The person who stays calm and
unshakable, especially in a difficult situation. In this
idiom meaning of the word cool is calm, and also you
you have probably seen this word in such meanings,
how cool, cool, cool. These are amazing
the British, the Russians only say that about boas, not
is it true?
Example:
Alex stays as cool as a cucumber despite the financial crisis
and problems at work.
Example:
Despite the financial crisis and problems at work,
Alex remains completely calm.

Idiom - translation into Russian

Give the Russian equivalents of the following
idioms: checking how students understood
idiom meaning: cards are dealt with
English idioms and separately with
Russian translation.

Idiom - explanation in English

Match the following idioms with theirs
definitions (correlate the idiom with its
explanation in English):
idioms on some cards, theirs on others
explanation in english

Start - end

Match the beginning of the idioms with
their endings (correlate the beginning
idioms with its ending):
as cool
spoil the brother
a couch
as cucumber
too many cooks
potatoes

Idioms in context

Finish the sentences below using the idioms (finish the sentences using idioms):
a) see eye to eye
b) all fingers and thumbs
c) put your foot in it
d) down in the mouth
e) a pain in the neck
f) stick my neck out
1. We always agree, and ___________on this matter, too.
2. You are really annoying me. In fact, you"ve been __________ all day.
3. What's the matter? You look a bit ________.
4. I "m sorry I dropped your vase. I seem to be _______ today.
5. I "m not sure who" s going to win the football match, but I "ll _______ and predict it" ll be Liverpool.
6. You really _______ when you asked her how she likes her new job. She failed the interview.

Apart from
such
exercises
can
suggest and tests with multiple
choice,
and
educational
Crosswords
(composed, for example, with
EclipseCrossword program), and work in
pairs (one student is given a card with
idiom and its explanation and translation
into Russian.
Another student
give a card with an idiom, but without
translation. Task: the first student must
explain the idiom, the other student must
understand it by asking leading questions).

Internet resources

There are many sites on the internet that
presented idioms and which can help
teacher in working with them:
? http://www.english.language.ru/guide/idioms.html
? http://www.native-english.ru
? http://wwwanglais.ru/idiomy
? http://online-language.org/article/englishsection/217-learning-idioms
The Teacher video course developed by
BBC World Service, introduces students
English with popular idioms.