Problems of a young family presentation for a lesson on the topic. Modern family: its cares and problems. Presentation on the theme of the modern family

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The family is the most important element of the social structure

Young families are: 1. Young family (before the birth of the first child) 2. Young family (with a small child of preschool age)

Families are singled out A young family is a family at the initial stage of its development, at the stage of implementing a marital choice. It manifests the usual phenomenon of the discovery of another person and the "grinding" of characters, i.e. whole lifestyle change. There are three main types of young families: - The first type is traditional. Families of this type are characterized by the orientation of the spouses exclusively on family values, on a two-child family. The leader in the family, at least formally, is the husband. However, leadership in the family is largely determined by leadership in the household sphere of its activities (finance, housing). The circle of friends of the spouses, as a rule, is general and rather limited, perhaps even temporarily leaving for family affairs. Leisure is often joint, closed. - The second type - the spouses are focused mainly on the development of the individual, have an orientation towards a small family. There is a social and role balance (if possible, the help of the parents of the spouses is used). The family can be both open and closed to the microenvironment. The type of leadership is democratic: joint or separate according to the spheres of family life. - The third type - young spouses are focused mainly on entertainment. At the same time, the husband and wife have both common friends, and each of their own, as a rule, the former environment. Reproductive attitudes towards a childless or small family. Leadership in the family can be both authoritarian and democratic.

The main social functions of the family Economic and household function. The family acts as an economic community within which the satisfaction of diverse human needs takes place. In this process, intra-family relations are also formed, the content of which is largely determined by the type of economic activity (the sphere of "household affairs"). This includes: a) catering in the family; b) acquisition and maintenance of household property, clothing; c) home improvement, creation of comfort; d) organization of life and life of the family; e) creating and spending the family budget.

The main social functions of the family The recreational and psychotherapeutic function of the family is explained by the fact that the physical and mental forces spent by a person in the labor process can best be restored, recreated in the family. In addition, the expression "my house is my fortress" convincingly confirms the idea that a healthy family is the most reliable support, the best refuge where a person can hide from the troubles of the outside world. Spouses may be different in character and temperament, but the mood that one experiences, the other should be clear. An important role is played by emotional support, including the degree of trust and self-disclosure, addressing another person as a confidant. And, oddly enough, more often men need such support. This is because wives provide stronger emotional support than husbands.

The main problems of the family Housing problem. With the transition to the formation of a housing market, only a small minority of newlyweds can purchase it on their own, with the help of parents or a company. In addition, there is a direct correlation between the deterioration of housing conditions and the aggravation of family conflicts. The worse the housing conditions, the more difficult it is to find an acceptable solution to the conflict.

Housing problem

The main problems of the family Financial and economic problems are experienced by almost the entire population, especially affecting the poor, families with many children, and families with children. The state seeks to provide possible assistance in the maintenance and upbringing of children. However, firstly, centralized funds are not enough, and secondly, the available funds are not always used rationally. Thus, the issuance of money to mothers whose children do not attend children's institutions places a burden on the budget, but does not solve the social problems of mothers. The funds spent on maintaining the network of preschool institutions, on protecting jobs, would bring much more benefit than the distribution of benefits. In addition, centralized budgetary funds are not enough, therefore, the activities of local authorities are very important, which seek, at the expense of internal resources, the opportunity to provide assistance to families living in their territory.

The main problems of the family The problem of employment and unemployment, on the one hand, and the problem of women's employment and double workload, on the other. Double workload of women, i.e. their participation in social work and their predominant fulfillment of duties for household services at home and family is a problem that has been recognized and studied for a long time. Women's unemployment is a way to solve the problem of women's dual employment. The negative impact of unemployment on the health and socio-psychological well-being of people is well known. Ideally, a woman should have the right to choose a development program along the lines of career self-fulfillment, or purely family responsibilities, or both. And society should create opportunities for her to advance and to combine family and business responsibilities.

The problem of employment

The problem of employment

Basic problems of the family The problem of family planning. Today, socio-economic conditions have changed dramatically, and the focus on having many children is becoming a thing of the past. Families with many children are more common in rural areas. Meanwhile, in this important and delicate problem, humanity has developed a whole range of measures that allow spouses (especially women) to decide for themselves when and how many children they want to have. Providing opportunities for family planning is one of the first prerequisites for the formation of a civilized society.

The main problems of the family Intra-family cruelty. Most of the murders in our country (not counting the victims of military and ethnic conflicts) occur on domestic grounds. The number of children admitted to hospitals who have become victims of abuse by their parents is increasing. Children's traumatologists also note increased cruelty, sometimes savagery on the part of those who beat them. There are a growing number of children who run away from home, unable to bear the abuse of their parents. The number of social orphans is growing - ie. children who have fallen into the care of the state with living parents or at least one of them. The problems recognized by the world initiate serious research and technological programs aimed at preventing family aggression and helping its victims. Temporary shelters are being set up for victims of abuse by their husbands, and those who are beaten are provided with legal assistance. But practice shows that it is not so easy for a woman to leave a cruel spouse - here is the disapproving reaction of public opinion, and financial dependence on her husband, and fear for her future and her children.

The family is the natural and fundamental unit of society and has the right to be protected by society and the state

Positive results of solving the problem of housing Increase in the birth rate Moral satisfaction of families

Forms and methods of social work of services with young families

Basic State Guarantees Improvement of the relevant legal and regulatory framework is of great importance in the social protection of the family. The following laws have been developed and adopted: “On State Benefits for Citizens with Children”; “On the procedure for assigning and paying monthly compensations to women with children under the age of three, dismissed due to the liquidation of enterprises, institutions, organizations”; "On improving the system of state social benefits and compensation payments to families with children, and increasing their amounts"; “On compensation payments to families with children, students and other categories of persons”; "On the state system for the prevention of neglect and delinquency of minors, the protection of their rights, etc."

Effective family policy Decent wages Improvement of the whole atmosphere in society Long-term efforts of the authorities and the elite

Effective family policy Additional income tax deductions for the employee A noticeable discount on the cost of vouchers to resorts and sanatoriums if all family members are on vacation Encourage family small business

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Modern family: problems and prospects

In our time: A family is a small social group whose members are connected by marriage or family ties, common life, mutual moral and material responsibility. The family is the environment in which the conditions for the mental, emotional, intellectual and physical development of the child are formed. The family is the main support in life, a source of morality, love, respect, a guarantee of peace and harmony in society. “The family is built up, and not given ready-made, and no rights, no duties are given here ready-made, but they all follow by themselves, one from the other. Then only this is strong, then only this is holy. The family is built by the tireless work of the family. F.M.Dostoevsky

Modern family in the world: Swedish family: Child "out of divorce" Chinese family: 1 family - 1 child Finnish family: no "male" and "female" responsibilities Family in Germany: Family and marriage are the basis of the state Japanese family: Patriarchy, personal example American family: independence, independence, "a place in the sun"

Modern Russian family - trends in development INCREASE: Families divorced Incomplete families Remarriages Single parents Number of illegitimate children Number of single people Childless families (every 10 family is barren, every 6 is a problem in conceiving) DECREASE: Number of children Number of families with many children

Our women Russia - 80 million women. The average age is 37 years. 20% of women initiate marriage without registration. 50% are married. The woman is self-sufficient. In the family, roles were practically leveled. One woman, one child. 45% of women are the initiators of divorce.

Our men The average age is 60 years. A Russian man is a warrior, a winner, but not in the role of a father. The father is necessary in the family as a symbol. In Russia there is no cult of the father, there is a cult of the mother.

Men - teachers Before the revolution In the 80s of the XX century Today Women work at the school - men win competitions (20-18%). An educational institution without men is incomplete. Men are the teachers in the majority. 30% of men work in schools. Men less than 12%.

Types of families Prosperous family: - common interests, spiritual connection; - Relationships are built on respect for each other; - creative approach to family education; - material well-being. The goal is to instill family values, to instill a thirst for parenthood. Formally - a prosperous family: - external well-being; - loss of family values; Parents are not in charge of education. The goal is education for life in society (society). Dysfunctional families: - lack of family traditions; -upbringing is not accepted as a parental responsibility; - material problems. The goal is to survive in society.

What is different about today's children? Looseness Hyperactivity Poor health Independence Interactivity Demanding Egocentrism

Traditionally, the time spent by parents in the family on children MOMMS spend 85% of their free time on classes and communication with the child: games; reading of books; Team work; conversations with the child. DADES devote 25% of their time to their children: passively watching TV and videos; computer games; car trips.

What difficulties do parents have when raising a child Difficulty in choosing a punishment - 6% Lack of friends in a child - 9% Difficulties with behavior - 32% Lack of mutual understanding - 8% Difficulties in organizing free time -19% Difficult to answer - 26%

Quick Tips Give your child a choice; Accept the individuality of the child; Pamper your children wisely; Encourage a breadth of interests; Take care of the future family happiness of your children; Express your satisfaction with your child often Don't forget to talk to your child; Listen to the child's questions; Watch what and how you say yourself; Show, don't tell; Spend more time together.

Directions of work of the preschool educational institution and the family Encourage parents in raising children as a subject of public relations; Preservation and promotion of health; Development of parents' initiatives (parents' committee) Physical education of the child and his family Education of the aesthetic feelings of the child; Formation and education of family leisure culture; “Learning together” Information and pedagogical education of parents

Forms of work with families: Pedagogical conversations with parents; Thematic consultations for parents; Group meetings of parents; Information stands for parents; Organization of matinees in kindergarten; Leisure activities with parents; Individual counseling for parents; Thematic exhibitions; Open classes for parents and more. etc. The goal is to show what your children can do.

Family is happiness, love and luck, Family is a summer trip to the country. Family is a holiday, family dates, gifts, purchases, pleasant spending. The birth of children, the first step, the first babble, Dreams of good, excitement and awe. Family is work, caring for each other, Family is a lot of homework. Family is important! Family is hard! But it is impossible to live happily alone! Always be together, take care of love, Drive insults and quarrels away, I want friends to talk about us: What a good family yours is!

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

What is a family? A family is a small group based on marriage or consanguinity, whose members are connected by common life, mutual assistance, moral and legal responsibility. In the theory of family law, family ...

"The educational and entertaining event "Seven Seven", as a form of interaction between the preschool educational institution and the family"

Goals: Creation of a living creative union of adults and children for the full development of the child and self-realization of adults. Tasks: To teach parents to observe the child, study him, view ...

ESSENCE, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE MODERN FAMILY. E. Durkheim - "society is an individual spiritual
a reality based on collective perceptions”.
According to M. Weber, society is the interaction of people,
which is a product of social, that is, oriented
on other people's actions.
The prominent American sociologist T. Parsons - "society
system of relations between people, the connecting beginning of which
are norms and values.
K. Marx - “society is a historically developing
set of relationships between people
process of their joint activity.

a) marriage or blood relations
between all its members;
b) living together in one
room;
c) the total family budget.

The main moral norms regulating family contradictions:

mutual love between spouses;
recognition of equality;
care and sensitivity in relationships;
love for children, education and
preparing them for working life;
mutual assistance in all forms
activities, including domestic
labor.

Signs of a family in modern socio-economic conditions:

social class sign - family
worker, agricultural worker
production, representative
intellectual labor, etc.;
by type of population; urban, rural;
by nationality,
single-ethnic, international;
by time of existence (family
newlyweds, young family, family waiting
child, middle-marital family
age, family of older marital
age, elderly married families, etc.);
by the number of family members (childless families,
large families, etc.).

population reproduction;
educational function - socialization of the younger generation,
maintaining the cultural reproduction of society;
household function - maintenance of physical
health of members of society, care for children and the elderly
family members;
economic - obtaining material resources alone
family members for others
the sphere of primary social control is moral
regulation of the behavior of family members in various areas
vital activity
- spiritual communication - personal development of family members,
spiritual mutual enrichment;
- social - status sphere - provision of a certain
the status of family members, the reproduction of the social structure;
- leisure - organization of rational leisure,
mutual enrichment of interests;
- emotional - obtaining psychological protection,
emotional support, emotional stabilization
individuals and their psychological therapy.

LEGISLATIVE BASIS OF THE FAMILY

Constitution of the Russian Federation, Family Code of the Russian Federation, others
federal laws, as well as laws of subjects
Russian Federation.
1.
2.
3.
Article 38 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation:
Motherhood and childhood, the family are under
protection of the state.
Caring for children, their upbringing is an equal right and
parental responsibility.
Able-bodied children over the age of 18 must
take care of disabled parents.

The meaning of the family in modern society.

Family is the highest value.
Family strengthening measures:
various types of benefits, financial benefits,
leave for parents in connection with the care of
young or sick children, creating
preschool children's institutions,
adapting working hours to
the needs of families.
In connection with the birth of a child are paid
cash benefits, the amount of which
increase with each successive child.

Formation of morality. PROBLEMS OF THE MODERN FAMILY

At present, there are 40 million families in Russia.
Approximately 69% consist of spouses with children.
Approximately 300,000 children are left without a father every year.
Childless families - 48%.

The modern family is in crisis. The reasons are:

general global social change,
increase in population mobility,
urbanization,
secularization of consciousness
reduction in the number of marriages.
a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in the number of small children and
incomplete families, the growth of illegitimate births,
the number of children born sick has increased.
a large number of divorces

Reasons for divorce:

alcohol abuse,
household disorder of the spouses,
adultery,
home distribution problem
responsibilities,
psychological incompatibility.

Reasons for the weakening of the role of parents in the upbringing of children:

employment,
household congestion
problems
loss of moral compass
change of world view,
often inability and unwillingness
deal with children.

Children are objects of suffering!

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in
problems of social orphanhood,
an increase in the number of children abandoned by parents or
taken from them by law.
An increasing number of children run away from families due to
mistreatment or lack of
mutual understanding.
There are more and more juvenile homeless people, vagrants, growing
juvenile and child crime.

We found that the most important conditions for our
happiness, and the happiness of our loved ones, is
self-development and self-education of the individual. Be
indifferent to everything that happens to us,
around us and with our participation - this means
to be infected with the mighty energy of love for people means
learn to love like a human being!
Happiness, love and good luck!

,
Problems of the modern secular family:
intergenerational crisis.
Since the middle of the 20th century, there has been a clear trend that words
American ethnographer Margaret Mead can be defined as a change
type of cultural and historical inheritance. The essence of this call
time is that over time is steadily decreasing
the influence of the historical and ordinary experience of previous generations
and the role of the experience of contemporaries is growing. The researcher writes about
that "... in all parts of the world, where all peoples are united
electronic communication network, young people developed
a commonality of experience that the elders never had and never will have. And
on the contrary, the older generation will never see in the life of the young
people repeating their unprecedented experience of change,
replacing each other. This generation gap is completely
new, it is global and universal.”
Today, for the first time in many millennia of cultural life
humanity is facing a unique situation in which children are not
are just beginning to be highly selective about experience
previous generations, but often prefer to learn from more
advanced peers. They even act as teachers
attitude towards adults in terms of mastering new
information and communication technologies.
These innovations are largely due to the fact that
the older generation lacks the experience of living in a global
information community. Because of this, the cultural border
between generations, i.e. senior and junior, teaching and
trainable, becomes very mobile. Adults with children
forced in the position of students to master the basics of the new,
previously unknown experience. Moreover, children, due to the lack
Perceptual stereotypes characteristic of adults are often easier
master skills and abilities, and without the help of adults.
The latter circumstance significantly reduces the authority of the elders,
teachers, parents, is transferred to other areas of life that we
We see it every day in real life.
Today, the younger generation shows much less
interest in everything that was before the formation of the information
society. This, one might say, is the boundary between the actual and the irrelevant for
schoolboy.
Considering pragmatism and selectivity
modern children,
what from experience
of previous generations, not everything will be claimed by them, but
only what is relevant to priorities, goals and values
life in today's rapidly changing world.
it can be assumed
Today, this challenge of the era is poorly taken into account in pedagogical
theory and legislation on the state youth

,
politics. Models of education continue to be constructed,
based, as before, on the paradigm of direct transmission and
mastering the experience of previous generations, on the formation
spiritual and moral ideals,
on the importance of cultural
historical heritage for the formation of value orientations and
self-awareness of schoolchildren.
Here comes the problem
"material resistance" in the era of intergenerational crisis. BUT
namely: how to make the values ​​of adults interesting for children,
living with the priorities of a completely different type of cultural and historical
inheritance that does not imply the unconditional value of experience
older generations. How to manage this process if older
a generation can give a lot, but the younger generation is far from
want to take it all? This problem is in its early stages.
permissions.
The new status of childhood allows today to talk about the so-called.
"teenage revolution". Its meaning is as follows
provisions.
 Supplement, and to a large extent - replacement
intergenerational vertical as intragenerational horizontal as
the dominant direction of socialization of children and adolescents.
The weakening of the authority of the elders and their educational
potential in relation to juniors, weakening ability
manage many processes in the youth environment.
 Changing attitudes towards children, adolescents and youth in
society.
Childhood and adolescence period of a person's life
perceived by members of society in its inherent value and
self-importance.
 Development of teenage
self-awareness:
awareness
teenagers themselves as subjects of law, an increase
aspirations of children and adolescents for freedom and independence.
Strengthening the role of juvenile justice, which is very
ambiguously perceived in Russian society.
TEENAGER
[English] teenager - teenager] - a boy or girl aged 13-
19 years.
Dictionary of foreign words. - Komlev N.G., 2006.
teenager
(ne), a, m., soul. (eng. teenager< -teen суффикс числительных
13 to 19 + age).
A teenager (boy or girl) between the ages of 13 and 19.
Juvenile justice
- juvenile justice system
citizens under the age of 18, ch. part of which is the court for cases
minors. Main Yu.Yu. principles: the value of the individual
a minor brought before a court; active
use in litigation

,
minor data about minors,
received by the court from specialized auxiliary
legal institutions (services, bodies); gain
protective function of the court in relation to
minor (increased judicial protection
minor as a victim, witness,
defendant, convict, etc. by closing
trial for all crimes
minors or criminal attacks on them,
reduction in the amount of punishment for minors in
in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation; preference
coercive measures means of educational influence
and etc.); special training for judges
minors; special simplified (informal)
order of legal proceedings in relation to minors;
availability of a system of specialized support services.
 The priority of leisure forms in the life of the younger generation.
Leisure is not just becoming a priority form in life
adolescents, displacing the educational sphere in importance, but he also
begins to penetrate into the time intended actually
educational process. Children and adolescents perceive their leisure
as a zone of limited adult intervention, moreover,
as a zone free from the influence of adults. Because of this
stalled many children's and youth programs,
focused on the mandatory presence of adults in
youth environment. Form of socialization of teenagers -
youth party, as well as "internal emigration" -
the Internet.
 The predominance among children of carriers of screen-based elements
clip thinking significantly increases the gap between
generations, leading to a misunderstanding of the meanings, systems
values, behavioral reactions among representatives of different
generations.
 Strengthening the disintegration and maladaptation of the growing
generations in society, the opposition of its interests
interests of other sections of society, which affects
relationship between parents and children.
Disintegration - Disintegration (from Latin de. . . prefix,
meaning the absence, cancellation, elimination of something, and
integer integer) decay, dismemberment of the whole into components
parts. Disadaptation - and,
f.
Unfitness.

,
Among the most odious negative trends in childhood
adolescent and youth environment, characterizing the "teenager
revolution", it is necessary to name:
 Growth of deviant and delinquent behavior, offenses
and crime, drunkenness, drug addiction, substance use,
prostitution among children and youth,
intensifies
intolerance among teenagers and youth;



Psychoactive substances (surfactants) - chemicals (or mixtures) that can affect
on the functioning of the central nervous system.
Deviant behavior - Deviant behavior is behavior that deviates from
generally accepted, socially approved, most common and established norms in
certain communities in a certain period of their development.
Delinquent behavior is criminal behavior.
 Deformation of value orientations, moral
landmarks,
a crisis
moral values, devaluation of the most important, basic
values ​​of a person - family, homeland, history and shrines of his
people;
growing social apathy,
 Growth in consumer sentiment and values ​​of success without
adequate physical and intellectual effort, falling
prestige of honest work, the lack of a spiritual component in
as motives for labor activity and life choice;
 Growth of dependency and infantilism
the younger generation, which in most cases does not
has its own life goals,
intensify
manipulation by various social,
political and chauvinist groups;
 The process of civil formation of personality is slowed down,
formation of responsible civic behavior,
participation in social and political activities and
self-government;
 Neglect, homelessness and social
orphanhood among children and adolescents, the incidence of
STIs, suicidal moods are on the rise.
STIs - the incidence of sexually transmitted infections
Categories "children",
The same processes are typical for megacities, but they have their own
specifics.
"youth" in
modern socio-economic and socio-cultural conditions do not
can be seen as a whole.
Representatives
the younger generation of the same age are in an unequal
position to each other not only in the socio-economic sphere,
"teenagers"

,
but also in socio-political and cultural life, as well as in
spatially and geographically.
They don't have
the same starting and life opportunities and prospects, which
often perceived by them as a manifestation of social
injustice.
Living conditions in a village, a small town, in a large administrative
the center and the metropolitan area are significantly different. For example,
the level of income in the metropolis is 13 times higher, and expenses - 48 times
compared to the countryside. These circumstances are
irresistible in the long run, and therefore require
adjustments in understanding the problems of the modern secular family,
in the upbringing and socialization of children and adolescents.
The position of the younger generation in modern secular
families in a metropolis, in particular, in Moscow and St.
Petersburg, has its own distinctive features, which
directly depend on specific socio-cultural realities and
characteristics of children and adolescents.
 The level of intergenerational gaps in megacities is very
essential. In addition to the intergenerational vertical, teenagers
stand their own intragenerational horizontal,
which exists on its own principles and morally
ethical principles. Participation of adults in such horizontals
minimally or purely nominally, leading to a situation
which is characterized by the formula: the more good
youth programs, the worse the situation among children and
youth.
 The level of criminogenicity, asocial and
illegal behavior among adolescents and youth,
part of the younger generation is
 In megacities, as a rule, the normative
legal framework regarding the rights of children in education and
leisure areas, but the state presence in the area
education is eliminated from leisure, i.e. priority for
child, spheres.
 Megacities have a very high degree of social
differentiation of children and adolescents, allowing to speak
about special “worlds” that, in principle, cannot interact with each other
cross. While there is general legislation on
protection of the rights of the child, the system of education, upbringing and
socialization reinforces the status quo.
 Traditional institutions are relatively weak in megacities
socialization and education of children and adolescents (family, school,
church, etc.), much more important in this respect
are categories of more advanced peers and their
associations, communication with which takes place through the system
mass communications and youth hangouts.

,
an integral part of the capital's criminal world and
crime parties. There is an acute problem of dealing with
drug addiction, smoking, alcoholism, pimping,
prostitution among minors.
 The level of commercialization and diversification of leisure and
entertainment activity is very high,
level
material security of families allows you to independently
pay for leisure and entertainment services,
available
a wide choice. This situation is practically
excludes the full participation of the state in the most important
sphere of life of teenagers and children. (Diversification is a measure
diversity in the aggregate)
 Leisure activities are largely
although it may
identified with entertainment
be associated with the path to career achievement
useful connections, to the development of meaningful patterns of behavior.
 The mentality of the youth of megacities is focused on
achievement of success in life according to the European type, it
very practical and pragmatic, experiencing a complex
supervalues ​​as the basis of self-identification.
The economic expectations of adolescents are significantly overestimated.
 There is an overabundance of possible vacancies and jobs
for those teenagers and young people who aspire to
employment based on temporary employment. At
metropolitan young people in high esteem office work, career
aspirations are associated more with connections, opportunities
parents, graduating from a prestigious university than with their own
efforts.

ethno-confessional,
 Density of social contacts between representatives
informal
various
subcultural, marginal groups of teenagers and youth,
the presence of a significant contingent of visitors creates in
metropolis the situation of multiculturalism with all its
characteristics. The problem of migrants is very acute and
integration of children from a migrant environment.
 The situation of children and adolescents in families in a metropolis
directly affects the value orientations of children and
adolescents in other sociocultural environments, as
becomes widely known through the media
information, film production, the Internet. Capital youth
often becomes a reference group for provincial
teenagers.
In view of the foregoing, the problems of modern urbanized
Families must be seen through the lens of intergenerational

,
crisis and the specifics of the modern approach to solving children's
youth problems.
In the mirror of statistics. Rashid Nurgaliyev, Minister of Internal Affairs
cases - about the "third wave" of homelessness, neglect,
illiteracy and delinquency of adolescents (data as of 1.06.2005
of the year)
involved

 Annually to the internal affairs bodies for various
offenses delivered more than one million
minors. By the beginning of 2005, registered in
divisions for juvenile affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
consisted of over 655 thousand children and adolescents.
 In 2004, 1,000
two hundred murders, more than three thousand robberies, 18
thousand
Annually over 150 thousand
robberies.
minors
criminal

responsibility. To these data must be added 60-70
thousands of crimes committed by children who have not reached
age of criminal responsibility.
 Cases reported
when minors
engage in types of criminal activity that previously
were the prerogative of adults:
den maintenance,
pimping, fraudulent activities with currency and valuables
papers.
 Almost 100 thousand minors are registered
alcoholics and drug addicts. In Russia, there are 4 million child drug addicts from 11
years and older, including drug addicts - about 1 million people.
The average age of initiation of drug use has decreased from
17 to 11 years old. The incidence of drug addiction among
youth is 2.5 times higher than in adults. Number of cases
drug-related mortality compared to
increased 12 times in the eighties, and among
minors - 42 times.
 Registered by the Department for Combating Organized
crime and terrorism Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia consists of about 150
extremist groups with a total number of up to 5000
Human,
a significant part of which are
minors.
 There are 700 thousand orphans in the Russian Federation, 2 million children are illiterate.
 More than 30,000 children go missing in the country every year.
 More than 6 million underage citizens of Russia are in
socially disadvantaged conditions. At the end of 2004 in Russia
there were more than 422 thousand dysfunctional families, in
of whom, according to the data of the social security authorities, there are about 770
thousand children.

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 Along with homelessness, there is an acute problem
neglect of adolescents who find themselves without proper
parental attention, and for every homeless child
there are 2-3 neglected children. Caught in
difficult life situation and feeling indifferent to their
fate, minors try to decide their own
problems, often in criminal and violent ways.
More than half of the minors in the local
or federal wanted list, are children who
were forced to run away from home. According to the Ministry
education of the Russian Federation, in 1998 the number of those expelled from schools and not
children who resumed education amounted to 367 thousand. Around 2
million children in the Russian Federation do not work or study anywhere.
 Every day more than 1.5
thousand divorces. As a result, without one parent remain
almost 1.2 thousand children, on average 30 children are transferred to orphanages
people, taken away from negligent parents 32 people, run away from
237 boys and girls at home. Every year, due to divorces, about
470 thousand children are left without one of their parents.
The number of children born out of wedlock is on the rise (approx.
23% of the total number of children born).
Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics,
ORKSE (formerly - Fundamentals of Spiritual and Moral Culture of Peoples
Russia, there is also a subject
foundations of world religious
cultures) - an academic subject included by the Ministry of Education
and science of the Russian Federation into the school curriculum as
federal component. The subject includes six modules, from
which pupils, at their choice or the choice of their parents (legal
representatives) choose one for study.
The program of the new course has a construction structure based on
principle of modularity.
The origin of the concept of a modular program is quite obvious.
The word modular comes from the module (from the Latin. Modulus - measure), then
is - an important value, a conditional unit.
Modular programs - programs consisting of individual,
about independent fragments. What are the benefits
this kind of program? With independence and completeness
of each module - the student has the right to choose for himself those modules,
which he especially needs for education and in that
sequence, which is dictated by his needs.
Our program includes six modules: Fundamentals of Secular
ethics",
"Fundamentals
Orthodox culture”, “Fundamentals of Islamic culture”, “Fundamentals
Jewish culture", "Fundamentals of Buddhist culture". All modules
"Fundamentals of World Religious Cultures",

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methodologically ideologically coordinated with each other and constitute
is a single basis for the comprehensive course "Fundamentals of Religious
cultures and secular ethics. At the same time, each module is equipped with
complete educational program.
Example: thematic planning of modules. (Appendix).
When developing lesson planning, the main source
is a guide for students, because it reflects
content of the course.
The main methodological sources include: “Fundamentals
religious cultures and secular ethics. The book for the teacher. - Moscow;
"Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics". Brochure for
parents. - Moscow.
Teaching aids are student aids.
However, it should be borne in mind that planning is often
contains redundant material, which will allow the teacher to creatively
approach the solution of pedagogical and methodological problems. Yes, in
as additional material can be considered
recommended by the lesson developers illustrated
material that is not reflected in either the student manual or the
book for the teacher.
In the modern world, spirituality is of particular importance.
moral education of schoolchildren, the development in children of such qualities,
as tolerance and respect for other cultures, willingness and
ability to dialogue and cooperation, which implies the mastery
knowledge about the peculiarities of national cultures, cultural
foundations of social phenomena and traditions. Spiritual and moral
education is aimed at the assimilation of the younger generation
moral values ​​that provide socially significant
motivation of behavior and actions, orientation in various
life situations.
As you know, restaurants open in big cities with
national cuisine: Italian, Japanese, Chinese, etc. AT
A Chinese restaurant was opened in Moscow. The chef was
invited a specialist from China. A young family arrived and through
some time a woman gives birth to a child. And here's to getting on
work, she invites her mother from China. Through some
a period of time a woman becomes ill and an ambulance takes her
help. After doing all the tests, the doctors discover she has a tumor.
Pretty young doctor, before meeting with the patient is very
long suffers, how to tell her about it? And so, when at the reception,
worried, the doctor informs her that the tests performed showed she had
tumor, what do you think the woman's reaction was?... One of these
reactions would certainly be ours. But what a surprise
doctor, when in response he heard an apology: Forgive me, doctor,
what made you worry. In caring for a child, I completely forgot about
your health. It turns out that in China, before leaving the house,

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in the morning, the Chinese do breathing exercises, forcing
circulate life energy throughout the body. In a month
the woman again came to the hospital to retake all the tests.
And all doctors were even more surprised when a woman did not
it was found that there was no swelling. This example says that
how many exciting, stressful situations could be
avoid if we knew more about the culture and traditions of the living
people next to us.
School course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics"
addressed to elementary school students, since it is in the younger
at school age, the socialization of the child takes place, the
circle of his communication, he is required to display a personal position,
determined by accepted spiritual and moral values.
Spiritual and moral education of junior schoolchildren requires
understanding and cooperation with their parents. Work with
parents provides for establishing contact with the family,
development of coordinated actions and uniform requirements.
As the main methodological principle of the course implementation
a culturological approach has been chosen that contributes to the formation of
primary schoolchildren's initial ideas about religious and
secular culture. In the context of the implemented training course, culture
understood as a way of life, customs, traditions and beliefs, spiritual
and material wealth of the peoples of the world. The essence of the spiritual
moral education of a junior schoolchild is considered as
the formation and development of the student's attitude to people, society,
nature, Motherland, to one's own and other peoples, to their history, culture,
spiritual traditions.
In this regard, it is advisable to consider that the course "Fundamentals
religious cultures and secular ethics” is, first of all,
a means of forming a multicultural
competence, which is understood as an integrative quality
personality of the child, including a system of multicultural knowledge,
interests, needs, motives, values, qualities, experience,
social norms and rules of conduct necessary for everyday
life and activity in modern society, realized in
ability to build positive relationships
with
representatives of different cultures, nationalities, beliefs,
social groups. The content of multicultural competence
includes human acceptance of cultural and religious
diversity of the world, friendly attitude to any culture and
its bearers. This means that as a result of mastering this course
students should learn the following meanings: each
spiritual culture has its own context and its own logic, none
culture cannot be better than another, because it has a significant
for the development of mankind with valuable content.

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The main objectives of the training course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures
and secular ethics" are as follows:

familiarization of students with the content of one of the educational
modules;
 development of the younger adolescent's ideas about the meaning of norms
morality, universal values ​​in people's lives;
 generalization of knowledge, ideas about spiritual culture and
morality acquired in elementary school;
 formation of value-semantic
worldview bases,
providing a holistic
perception of national history and culture when studying
humanitarian subjects at the level of the basic school;
 development of the ability of younger students to communicate in
multi-ethnic, multi-confessional and multi-cultural
environment based on mutual respect and dialogue for the sake of
public peace and harmony.
The main conditions for the education of a spiritual and moral personality
junior schoolchild in the study of "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and
secular ethics” are:
o organization of work with the means of spiritual and moral
education within the framework of the study of the course, both in the classroom and in
extracurricular activities;
o practical activities aimed at the formation
love,
ability to empathize
selfless care, admiration, which form the basis
spirituality;
compassion
o providing family support, involving relatives and friends
students to educational and extracurricular activities within the course.
The main means of spiritual and moral education of the younger
schoolchildren within the course in educational and extracurricular activities
speakers: study guides for the course, addressed to the younger
schoolchildren, the word of the teacher and parents, the style of relationships
teacher with a student, visual aids, illustrative material.
Key Features:




Secular teachers will teach this course at the school;
The course is not doctrinal, but cultural in nature;
The content of all modules of a comprehensive training course is subject to a common goal -
education of the personality of a citizen of Russia by introducing him to moral and
worldview values;
The content of all modules is grouped around three basic national values: 1)
Fatherland, 2) family and 3) cultural tradition. These core values ​​will
to carry out the upbringing of children within the framework of the new course;

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


The new course is organized in such a way that schoolchildren who have chosen for a systematic
study a certain module, get a general idea about the content of other
modules;
It is envisaged that in the last few lessons, students of the same class will
to work together. In these lessons they will present their individual and
collective creative work based on the results of studying a particular module;
The study of the course ends with a large common school-family holiday,
dedicated to National Unity Day, which is celebrated on November 4th. Unity and concord
through the dialogue of cultures and there is a tangible result of the educational process within the
new course.

slide 1

slide 2

In our time: A family is a small social group whose members are connected by marriage or family ties, common life, mutual moral and material responsibility. The family is the environment in which the conditions for the mental, emotional, intellectual and physical development of the child are formed. The family is the main support in life, a source of morality, love, respect, a guarantee of peace and harmony in society. “The family is built up, and not given ready-made, and no rights, no duties are given here ready-made, but they all follow by themselves, one from the other. Then only this is strong, then only this is holy. The family is built by the tireless work of the family. F.M.Dostoevsky

slide 3

Modern family in the world: Swedish family: Child "out of divorce" Chinese family: 1 family - 1 child Finnish family: no "male" and "female" responsibilities Family in Germany: Family and marriage are the basis of the state Japanese family: Patriarchy, personal example American family: independence, independence, "a place in the sun"

slide 4

Modern Russian family - trends in development INCREASE: Families divorced Incomplete families Remarriages Single parents Number of illegitimate children Number of single people Childless families (every 10 family is barren, every 6 is a problem in conceiving) DECREASE: Number of children Number of families with many children

slide 5

Our women Russia - 80 million women. The average age is 37 years. 20% of women initiate marriage without registration. 50% are married. The woman is self-sufficient. In the family, roles were practically leveled. One woman, one child. 45% of women are the initiators of divorce.

slide 6

Our men The average age is 60 years. A Russian man is a warrior, a winner, but not in the role of a father. The father is necessary in the family as a symbol. In Russia there is no cult of the father, there is a cult of the mother.

Slide 7

Men - teachers Before the revolution In the 80s of the XX century Today Women work at the school - men win competitions (20-18%). An educational institution without men is incomplete. Men are the teachers in the majority. 30% of men work in schools. Men less than 12%.

Slide 8

Types of families Prosperous family: - common interests, spiritual connection; - Relationships are built on respect for each other; - creative approach to family education; - material well-being. The goal is to instill family values, to instill a thirst for parenthood. Formally - a prosperous family: - external well-being; - loss of family values; Parents are not in charge of education. The goal is education for life in society (society). Dysfunctional families: - lack of family traditions; -upbringing is not accepted as a parental responsibility; - material problems. The goal is to survive in society.

Slide 9

What is different about today's children? Looseness Hyperactivity Poor health Independence Interactivity Demanding Egocentrism

slide 10

Traditionally, the time spent by parents in the family on children MOMMS spend 85% of their free time on classes and communication with the child: games; reading of books; Team work; conversations with the child. DADES devote 25% of their time to their children: passively watching TV and videos; computer games; car trips.

slide 11

What difficulties do parents have when raising a child Difficulty in choosing a punishment - 6% Lack of friends in a child - 9% Difficulties with behavior - 32% Lack of mutual understanding - 8% Difficulties in organizing free time -19% Difficult to answer - 26%

slide 12

Quick Tips Give your child a choice; Accept the individuality of the child; Pamper your children wisely; Encourage a breadth of interests; Take care of the future family happiness of your children; Express your satisfaction with your child often Don't forget to talk to your child; Listen to the child's questions; Watch what and how you say yourself; Show, don't tell; Spend more time together. Forms of work with families: Pedagogical conversations with parents; Thematic consultations for parents; Group meetings of parents; Information stands for parents; Organization of matinees in kindergarten; Leisure activities with parents; Individual counseling for parents; Thematic exhibitions; Open classes for parents and more. etc. The goal is to show what your children can do.

slide 15

Family is happiness, love and luck, Family is a summer trip to the country. Family is a holiday, family dates, gifts, purchases, pleasant spending. The birth of children, the first step, the first babble, Dreams of good, excitement and awe. Family is work, caring for each other, Family is a lot of homework. Family is important! Family is hard! But it is impossible to live happily alone! Always be together, take care of love, Drive insults and quarrels away, I want friends to talk about us: What a good family yours is!