Component "Accounting" It is intended for conducting any sections of accounting. It allows you to reflect business transactions occurring at the enterprise in accounting. Fully automates accounting from input of primary documents to reporting. Supports different accounting systems, allows you to keep records of several enterprises in one information base.

Provides maintenance of charts of accounts, entry of transactions, receipt of accounting results, reporting. It uses concepts such as accounting accounts, transactions, and postings. The capabilities of the "Accounting" component allow you to keep records in parallel in several charts of accounts, to keep multidimensional and multilevel analytical accounting, quantitative and currency accounting.

Component "Operational Accounting" is designed to account for the availability and movement of inventory and cash in various sections. It is focused on working in real time (automatically keeps up to date the current balances of commodity and cash).

The Operational Accounting component supports the mechanism of registers, which provides recording of movements and receipt of balances. This allows you to automate the accounting of mutual settlements with customers, inventory of goods and much more. Most often, this component is used to automate the accounting of warehouse and trade operations, material assets, accounting in the service sector, etc.

Component "Calculation" designed to perform complex periodic calculations. It allows you to perform calculations of varying complexity (including with recalculation of the results "backdating"), maintain an archive of calculations for past periods. Areas of use:

accounting for the movement of employees of the enterprise, the calculation of their wages and various compensations;

personnel accounting;

Accounting for the range of products and services produced, calculation of their cost;

registration of clients and calculation of the cost of orders performed for them;

accounting of materials and IBE;

Accounting for goods, services and production;

accounting of mutual settlements with organizations, debtors, creditors, accountable persons;

accounting for payroll;

Accounting for budgeting;

other sections of accounting.

The 1C:Enterprise system has flexible accounting options:

Synthetic accounting according to a multi-level chart of accounts;

accounting for several charts of accounts;

currency accounting and currency coverage accounting;

· multidimensional analytical accounting;

· multi-level analytical accounting for each dimension;

Quantitative accounting

accounting for several enterprises in one information base.

Entering information in 1C:Enterprise can be organized with varying degrees of automaticity:

mode of manual input of operations;

mode of typical operations;

· the mode of automatic formation of operations on documents.

An important difference between accounting accounts and other types of data is the ability to create the accounts themselves both in the configuration and in the infobase itself. The inclusion of specific accounts in the configuration is used if the configuration itself is created using these accounts and their specific properties, for example, if the configuration defines automatic generation of postings on these accounts by documents.

Key features of the Operational Accounting component

The Operational Accounting component of the 1C:Enterprise system is a universal system for accounting for the availability and movement of funds and can be configured for various schemes for accounting for warehouse stocks, mutual settlements, funds on current accounts and in cash, loans, consignments, etc.

The 1C:Enterprise system provides a solution to a wide range of various tasks of operational accounting, for example:

accounting of warehouse stocks of goods and their movement;

accounting of mutual settlements with customers and suppliers;

Reservation of goods and control of payment;

Accounting for money in current accounts and at the cash desk;

§ materials

§ production accounting

§ Accounting for foreign exchange transactions

§ mutual settlements with organizations

§ calculations with accountable persons

§ payroll

§ Settlements with the budget.

1C:Accounting allows you to automate the preparation of any primary documents:

§ Invoices and invoices

§ acts, invoices, requirements, powers of attorney

§ other documents.

1C:Accounting includes a set of standard reports that allow an accountant to obtain information for an arbitrary period, in various sections and with the required level of detail. All generated reports can be printed.

Tools for working with documents allow you to organize the input of documents, their arbitrary distribution among journals and the search for any document by various criteria: number, date, amount, counterparty.

2) Typical configuration 1C: TRADE AND WAREHOUSE 7.7
(Component "Operational accounting")

"1C: Trade and Warehouse" is designed to account for any type of trading operations. It automates the work at all stages of the enterprise.

Key features:

§ separate management and financial accounting

§ accounting on behalf of several legal entities

§ batch accounting of inventory with the ability to choose the method of writing off the cost (FIFO, LIFO, average)

§ separate accounting of own goods and goods taken for sale

§ registration of purchase and sale of goods

§ automatic initial filling of documents based on previously entered data

§ accounting of mutual settlements with buyers and suppliers with details on contracts

§ formation of primary documents

§ reservation of goods and control of payment

§ accounting of funds on settlement accounts and at the cash desk

§ Accounting for trade credits and control of their repayment

§ accounting of goods transferred for sale, their return and payment

"1C: Trade and Warehouse" provides the following features:

§ setting for each product the required number of prices of different types, storage of supplier prices, automatic control and prompt change in the price level;

§ work with related documents;

§ automatic calculation of write-off prices for goods;

§ fast introduction of changes with the help of group processing of directories and documents;

§ keeping records of goods in various units of measurement, and cash - in various currencies;

§ obtaining a variety of reporting and analytical information on the movement of goods and money;

§ automatic generation of accounting entries for 1C: Accounting;

§ work with commercial equipment: cash registers, receipt printers, scanners and barcode printers, POS-terminals, etc.

3) 1C: Salary and Personnel 7.7
(Component "Calculation")

The program "1C: Salary and Personnel" is designed for payroll and personnel records. It can be used both in commercial enterprises and in budgetary organizations. It allows you to keep records of employees, register official movements, receive statistical information on personnel.

Main functionalities:

1) Payroll calculation:

Various systems and forms of remuneration Accounting for hours worked Accounting for northern and regional features

2) Automation of personnel records

Maintaining the staffing table Storing information about the time worked Registration of official movements Registration of orders for admission, vacation, dismissal, personnel movement Input and calculation of sick leave; Registration of dismissals with the calculation of vacation compensation, severance pay.

3) Formation of reports for submission to the tax authorities and to the PFR offices (information on the income of individuals, individual information of insured persons)

4) Accounting for the characteristics of budgetary organizations

4) Complex configuration "Accounting + Trade + Warehouse + Salary + Personnel"

It retains the capabilities of the main configurations "Accounting", "Trade and Warehouse" and "Salary and Personnel" and provides integrated accounting:

Unified system of reference information; Automatic reflection of trade and warehouse operations and payroll in accounting; Financial accounting for several legal entities
; Unified management accounting.

6. 1C:Enterprise program launch modes

When you start the 1C:Enterprise system, you can select one of 4 operating modes - 1C:Enterprise, Configurator, Debugger, and Monitor.

"Configurator" mode- entry into the module for configuring (rebuilding) the working program.

In the configuration mode, the structure of the infobase is formed, the composition and properties of various system objects are changed in accordance with the needs of a particular enterprise. At the configuration stage, you can change existing or create new directories, documents, report forms, algorithms for calculating various accounting and analytical indicators.

When configuring the system, you can also create sets of data access rights corresponding to users of different levels. The Configurator provides the ability to customize the system interface (menus, toolbars, keyboard shortcuts). In addition, in the Configurator, you can create a list of users for a specific organization, as well as assign different user interfaces to different types of users (managers, accountants, personnel officers, etc.).

When configuring, both visual tools and the built-in macro language are used.

"1C: Enterprise" mode- this is the user mode, entering the work program directly for accounting, configuration execution mode.

This mode is used to enter, process, store and issue summary information about the activities of the enterprise. It is used to enter documents, fill in directories, perform calculations, generate various reports. In this mode, the user keeps records using the objects created at the configuration stage.

In this way, configuration is the development or change of the program settings in the "Configurator" mode. Accounting is working with the application in the "1C:Enterprise" mode within the framework of the current application settings.

The presence of these two modes allows you to use the program for a long time without replacing it with a new one.

Monitor mode. The system automatically captures and remembers any user actions to change data or settings. The "Monitor" mode provides access to this data. This is done so that in the event of errors, failures, the specialist, having analyzed this information, could establish the cause of the problems.

The monitor allows you to view the list of active users, i.e. those users who are currently working with the infobase. In addition, the monitor allows you to analyze the log of actions performed by users for any period of time (history of user work), as well as archive the history of the log.

"Debugger" mode - this is a mode intended for debugging the configuration being created. It facilitates the development of program modules of the 1C:Enterprise system.

Rebuilding the program may result in errors. The "debugger" is designed to find an error in your own calculations and a way to correct an undesirable result, to put things in order in the design.

The "debugger" allows you to track the execution of configuration software modules, measure the comparative execution time, and view the contents of variables.

It provides the following features:

step-by-step execution of the module;

interruption and continuation of module execution;

Possibility of debugging several modules at the same time;

calculation of expressions to analyze the state of variables;

performance measurements.

7. Basic metadata objects

metadata

The basis of the 1C: Enterprise system is the concept metadata. Metadata is a collection of objects that make up a configuration. They are configured to store and process information about the activities of a particular enterprise. It is data about data, i.e.:

Information about the structure of information databases (reference books, documents, etc.);

Forms of dialogs and lists;

Report tables;

Program modules in which the algorithms of the system operation are described in the built-in language.

The 1C program is a set of interrelated metadata objects.

Basic Metadata Objects- these are objects that are present in all components of the 1C system, i.e. these are common objects of all three components.

Basic objects:

1) Constants

2) Directories

3) Enumerations

4) Documents

5) Document logs

7) Processing

1) Constants

Used to work with constant and conditionally constant information. Constants are used to store information that either does not change at all during the operation of the system, or changes quite rarely. For example, “Name of the organization”, “VAT rate”, “Name of the chief accountant”, etc.

The convenience of using constants lies in the fact that they contain some information once, which can be reused in the future. For example, the already mentioned name of the organization can be entered into a specially declared constant, and in various forms, use the name of the constant to obtain its value - the name of the organization. In case of any changes in the name of the organization, it is enough to change it only once - in a constant - and all changes will automatically be reflected in those places where this constant is used.

An unlimited number of constants can be described in the system. At the configuration stage, a list of constants is specified and their characteristics are described. At the configuration execution stage, the values ​​of the constants themselves are set.

2) Directories

Directories are designed to work with constant and conditionally constant information with a certain set of values. Each directory is a list of homogeneous objects: employees, organizations, goods, etc. Each such object is called an element of the directory.

The use of directories allows you to exclude ambiguous input of information (when filling in the details of documents or other directories). For example, if you need to enter the name of a client organization on an invoice, selecting an item from the customer directory will help you avoid entering the name by mistake.

Any directory consists of elements, each of which has some details. For example, as elements of the directory " materials"Information about specific units of material values ​​​​appears. Accordingly, each element is described by such details as the name of the material, code, unit of measurement, price, etc.

In the accounting mode, the user can enter new elements in the directories, as well as correct or delete previously entered ones. And at the configuration stage, you can set the properties of each specific directory (for example, the length and type of code, the number of levels, support for the uniqueness of codes, a set of directory details).

In addition to the code and name, you can create other attributes to store any additional information about the directory element.

For each directory, several forms of viewing and editing can be set.

In a specific configuration, the required number of directories is created to store data about objects used in automating a given subject area. For example, these can be directories "Organizations", "Products", "Employees", etc.

System 1C:Enterprise allows you to organize multilevel directories, elements of which can be divided into groups. The use of multi-level directories allows you to store information with the required level of detail, as well as organize the maintenance of multi-level analytical accounting for accounts.

System 1C: Enterprise has a support mechanism subordinate directories. This allows you to link elements of different directories. Each element of the subordinate directory belongs to some element of the owner directory. For example, organizations and contracts with them, goods and their units of measurement, etc.

Some details of the directory may be periodic. Unlike ordinary attributes, each change in the value of a periodic attribute is fixed on a specific date, i.e. the program stores the history of the change in the value of the attribute in chronological order. If the value of a periodic attribute changes while working with the directory, then its previous value is stored in the system memory, and the new value is fixed for the current date. Due to the fact that for a periodic variable it is possible to establish what value it had in different periods of time, it is possible to correctly carry out calculations "backdating".

3) Enumerations

Enumerations are objects containing some set of values. Enumerations are used in the 1C:Enterprise system to describe permanent sets of values ​​that do not change for a particular configuration.

The composition, names and values ​​of enumerations are set at the configuration stage and cannot be changed at the execution stage.

Examples of transfers - types of payment (cash, non-cash, barter), client status (permanent, one-time). In this case, the status of the client in the program is indicated by selecting one of the values ​​of this enumeration. The configuration itself uses the existing values ​​of the enumerations and offers them to the user for selection.

Apart from the list of values, no other information is contained in enums.

4) Documents

In the 1C:Enterprise system, a document is the main accounting unit. Each document contains information about a specific business transaction and is characterized by its number, date and time.

With the help of documents, payments from the current account, cash register operations, personnel movements, movements in the warehouse, etc. are reflected.

Examples - "Payment order", "Account", "Invoice", "Invoice", "Incoming cash order", etc.

In most documents, two main parts can be distinguished: the header part and the tabular (multi-line) part. As a rule, the header part contains details that are common to the entire document and occur only once in the document. (In the 1C:Enterprise system, the header part is called hat).

The tabular part of the document is a list of similar lines with information. In most cases, the tabular part is used to form the total amount of the document.

The data entered into the document (document details) usually contains information about the event that occurred: for example, in the invoice - information about which warehouse, what goods and how much was shipped; in the order for employment - information about the employee, salary, other information.

Since each accounting operation is accompanied by some primary document, the 1C: Accounting program provides a mode for entering documents. In this case, the document can be used for several purposes:

To enter and store the information of the primary document in a computer database;

To generate postings and save them in the database;

To generate a printed form of a document that can be viewed, saved to a computer, or printed.

An important property of a document is its conducting . Holding document is an action that changes other system data based on the information of the posted document.

In the "Accounting" component, posting is used primarily to reflect in the accounting of a business transaction, information about which is entered in the document. In the process of posting the document, the postings of the operation are recorded and reflected in the accounting results.

Posting may not be used for some types of documents. Usually these are the types of documents that do not affect the accounting totals and do not make any other changes to the system data.

Subordination of documents. In the 1C:Enterprise system, it is possible to create subordinate documents, which allows you to organize chains of related documents. If a document includes links to other documents, then it is considered subordinate to those documents to which it refers. The possibility of establishing subordination relations between documents is set at the configuration stage.

Creation of new types of documents, description of their properties and structure is performed in the configuration mode. A screen form is created for the document to enter initial information. When setting up a document, you set such general characteristics as the length and type of the document number, conditions for supporting unique numbering, and many others. In addition, at the configuration stage for the document, the algorithm for its execution (rules for generating postings) and the algorithm for generating the printed form of the document are determined.

5) Document logs

Document journals are intended for entering new documents, viewing and editing already entered documents, as well as for deleting documents. Document logs store information about the entered documents, with their help you can view the entered documents.

Each type of document can be assigned to a specific journal. The document log itself does not add new data to the system, but only serves as a means of viewing the list of created documents.

Each journal allows you to work with documents related to one of the accounting sections: accounting for fixed assets, accounting for materials, bank, cash desk, etc. In a typical configuration, there are the following journals: "Bank", "Cashier", "Salary", " Goods, sales" and others. For example, the "Bank" journal automatically contains records of each payment document entered into the system, made or received by the enterprise through the current account. For cash documents, the magazine "Cashier" is provided. It is used to register receipts and debit cash orders.

In addition, in 1C programs there is a “General” journal, which allows you to work with all entered documents, regardless of whether they belong to specific accounting sections.

When configuring documents of different types, you can specify one journal, which allows you to arbitrarily group documents in journals. For example, you can create a Warehouse Documents journal that contains all receipts and internal transfer invoices.

6) Reports and processing

Reports are used to obtain summary output information in a form convenient for viewing and analysis.

Reports in 1C can be divided into 3 groups:

Standard Reports. Usually they are part of the standard configuration. They are designed to obtain generalized and detailed information on any sections of accounting. Standard reports are used in almost all organizations and for any sections of accounting. Examples: "Turnover balance sheet", "Chess", "Account Analysis", "Account Card" and others. Such reports are used directly in accounting for the analysis of accounting totals at the level of accounts, subaccounts, currencies, analytics objects, various periods and detailed postings.

Regulated reports. These are reports intended for transfer to various regulatory authorities - tax inspectorates, the FSS, statistical authorities. The composition and content of these reports are determined by various government agencies - the Federal Tax Service, the Ministry of Finance, etc. Their composition depends on the country in which the program is used. Examples: tax returns, balance sheets, payrolls to funds. Usually a set of regulated reports is created by 1C (updated quarterly).

Specialized Reports. They are usually created in a specific configuration directly for a given organization and solve narrower tasks. Specialized reports are usually focused on a specific section of accounting. They are created when it is necessary to obtain specific samples of information or a special type of printed form. Examples: an act of reconciliation of calculations, a certificate of income 2-NDFL.

All reports, regardless of who created them, can be modified using the configurator and have the same principles of use.

In addition to reports, the 1C:Enterprise system uses the concept Treatment. Processing is not intended to issue information, but to change any data in the infobase. They are usually used to perform some service functions (for example, to load the contents of a directory from another program).

Using processing is no different from using a report. Their properties and actions are also fully configurable.

8. Configuration

The 1C:Enterprise system uses different types of objects. A specific set of objects defines a specific configuration. Together with the configuration, the 1C:Enterprise system acts as a ready-to-use software product focused on certain types of enterprises and tasks to be solved.

The configuration is created by standard system tools. It is usually supplied by 1C as a model for a specific area of ​​application, but can be changed, supplemented by the user of the system, or developed anew (from scratch).

The configuration in the 1C:Enterprise system is a combination of 3 interrelated components:

1) metadata structure;

2) a set of user interfaces;

3) a set of rights.

1) The concept of metadata has been discussed previously (see clause 6).

2)User interface in 1C:Enterprise - a set of commands from the main menu and toolbars configured to work with specific data objects - documents, directories, magazines, etc. As a rule, a user interface is created for a specific category of users. The purpose of creating an interface is to provide users with quick access to the information that they need in accordance with their duties.

3)Rights in the 1C:Enterprise system, they determine the user's permissions to work with information that is processed in the system. The set of rights granted to the user is determined, as a rule, by the terms of his duties.

The operation of assigning rights to a user solves two main tasks:

1) Limiting the circle of users of confidential information

2) Prohibition of performing certain operations (for example, data deletion and correction operations). This allows to some extent to prevent possible loss of information.

All three components of the configuration are closely related and require coordinated changes (especially for user rights).

Thus, the assignment of rights can be performed only for existing metadata objects (specific documents, journals, directories, reports). Adding a new object to the metadata structure must be accompanied by making appropriate changes to the rights.

Commands that can be associated with user interface elements control specific metadata objects. It is clear that it makes no sense to include in the user interface commands for working with information to which the user is denied access.

9. Software module

Module - this is a program in the built-in language of the 1C:Enterprise system. Modules are called to be executed at a priori known moments of the 1C:Enterprise system operation. In the built-in 1C language, you can develop modules consisting of procedures and functions.

The program modules in the configuration are not independent programs, as they are part of the entire task configuration. Modules contain the texts of procedures and functions called by the system during execution at certain points in time.

Each individual module is perceived by the system as a whole, so all the procedures and functions of the software module are performed in one context.

Program module execution context

Global context:

system attribute values, system procedures and functions

(for example, the CurrentTime() function returns the current system time, and the CurrentDate() function returns the current date on the computer)

values ​​of constants and enumerations specified in the configurator.

global module is a module that is automatically executed at the start of the 1C:Enterprise system at the time of loading the configuration. It contains procedures and functions that must be performed when starting the 1C:Enterprise system, as well as global procedures and functions that can be called from any other configuration module.

The global module refers to the configuration as a whole. It is needed in order to write procedures and functions that are available anywhere in the program (in any other module). You can also create global variables that can be used anywhere in the program.

Local context is formed by that specific place in the configuration for which this particular module is used.

Types of software modules

Global module

Handbook list form module

Group form module

Reference element form module

Document Form Module

Document module

Document journal form module

Account list form module

Invoice form module

Transaction log form module

Transaction form module

Transaction journal form module

Report Form Module

Processing form module

The text of a program module consists of operators and comments. Comments start with "//"

The built-in language operators must be separated by the ";" character. The end of a line is not a sign of the end of a statement, i.e. statements can freely jump over lines and continue on another line. You can place an arbitrary number of operators on one line, separating them with the ";" character.

Names of variables, procedures and functions

The name of a variable, declared procedure, or function can be any sequence of letters, numbers, and underscores "_". The names you create must not be the same as reserved words in the language or with the names of procedures and functions that already exist and are available at the time of execution. Variable, procedure, and function names are case-insensitive.

Reserved (key) words

The language has reserved words that cannot be used as generated variable names and declared procedures and functions. Each of the keywords has 2 representations - Russian and English. Keywords in Russian and English versions can be freely mixed in one source text. The case of keyword letters is not important.

Keyword examples:

Special characters used in source text

Variable scope

The scope of variables depends on where they are defined in the task configuration.

There are 3 areas where you can declare variables:

1) In the global module variable definitions section.

If variables are defined with the Export keyword, then they will be global variables. They are available for use in any configuration software module.

2) In the variable definitions section of a particular (local) module.

These are module variables. They are available for use in executable statements, expressions, in any procedure and function of the program unit within which they are declared.

3) In a procedure or function.

These are local variables. They are available within the procedure or function in which they are declared.

If a variable is defined as global, then it is visible from all procedures and functions of any task configuration program module.

If a variable is defined within a procedure, then its scope is the given procedure or function.

Program module structure

Variable definition section Procedure and function section Main program section

(This section can contain only executable statements. It is executed at the moment the module is launched for execution. Usually, the main program section contains statements that assign specific values ​​to variables that must be carried out before the first call to any of the procedures or functions of the module).

Example.

// Definition of variables
Variable Variable1;
Variable Variable2;

// Procedures and functions

Procedure Procedure1()

…// procedure text

EndProcedure

Function Function1()

…// function text

EndFunctions

// Main program section

Variable1 = "123";

10. Registers

Imagine that our organization conducts trading operations with counterparties. At the same time, we will pay suppliers for the shipped goods, and receive money from buyers for the goods sold. To enter data on business transactions in 1C, the "Document" metadata object is used. With the help of documents, we will be able to enter data on the arrival / movement / shipment of goods, the receipt / expenditure of money, but it is impossible to store the current state of balances in the warehouse and the state of mutual debt with counterparties in documents. Just for this purpose, 1C has a special mechanism. It uses the metadata object " Register" - in operational accounting (for Accounting - "Chart of Accounts", for Settlement - "Journal of Settlements").

Registers accumulate information about the availability and movement of funds - commodity, cash and others. All information about business transactions is accumulated in registers, and this information can be extracted, analyzed and presented to the user in the form of reports.

That is, we can say that registers are tables for accumulating operational data and obtaining summary information.

Data is added to the registers only when posting documents. Information from registers is used to generate reports.

The classic scheme for using registers in 1C:Enterprise is as follows:

Documents => Registers => Reports

The register is an internal configuration component. When using the configuration, it is not available to the user for direct filling, there are no standard tools for viewing it, as for other objects (documents, directories, constants, etc.). But by means of the built-in language, information can be written to the registers and subsequently retrieved.

Register dimensions and resources

The main problem in creating registers is the definition of its structure (in what sections should summary data be accumulated so that the necessary information can then be easily retrieved?). The structure of the register should be such that it is possible to extract the necessary information from it without tedious processing. In 1C, when creating a register, it is enough to simply specify in what sections and what data you want to store in it, and the system itself will ensure the recording and receipt of the necessary data (by simple language means).

Let's assume that the register Remaining goods» should contain information about the quantity and cost of each item in each warehouse. In the ideology of the 1C:Enterprise system, a register of this type is a rectangular coordinate system, on one axis of which there are warehouses, on the other - goods, and at the intersection of a specific warehouse and a specific product there are figures for the quantity of goods and the cost of goods.

Register measurements - this is the way in which information is required to be stored.

Register resources - this is quantitative or sum data that is stored in the register.

In our case:

Register: Remaining goods
measurements: Product, Warehouse
Resources: Quantity, Cost

The following information can be obtained from this register:

the balance of a particular product in a particular warehouse the balance of a particular product in all warehouses the cost of all goods in a particular warehouse

Movements in registers

Changing the state of the registers is performed by the document module in the built-in language. When posting a document, changes are made to the registers.

Information about changes in registers is called movements registers. register movements Remains of Goods there will be income and expenses.

Register in tabular form Remains of Goods appears as follows:

One row from this table is called " movement". Movements in registers are created only when documents are posted.

In the register, in addition to dimensions and resources, you can set requisites.

Requisites- this is additional information that accompanies the movement. Using the built-in language, you can select movements with a given attribute value.

Types of registers

In the 1C:Enterprise system, it is possible to use 2 types of registers: balance registers and turnover registers. The difference between them is clear from their name and lies in the nature of the information stored: the balance registers always store information about the final state of the funds, and in the turnover registers, figuratively speaking, how this state was achieved.

If you need to quickly get the balance of something from the register at the current moment, then you need to create a register of residues. If you need to quickly receive income or expenditure of something for a period from the register, then you need to create a turnover register.

The essence of the 2 types of registers and their differences can be illustrated by the following example. Imagine a straight guide along which the slider moves. A speedometer with an indicator of the distance traveled is installed on the slider. We measure the distance from the start of the guide to the slider. The slider goes forward - this distance increases, goes back - it decreases. This is how the balance register works. It shows the current state of the slider coordinate in relation to some zero value. Analogue - stock balances. They grow if there was an arrival of goods, and decrease if there was an expense.

We also have a speedometer with a trip odometer. In whatever direction the slider moves, the number on the counter grows. This is how the turnover register works. Analog - the value of turnover in the store. Whether there is an income or an expense, the turnover is growing.

Residue registers

Let's take as an example the tracking of mutual settlements with buyers of goods that our company manufactures or sells.

In order to promptly receive information about the mutual debt of our company and the buyer, you will need the Mutual Settlements register, in which the amount of debt will be stored for each buyer. When a business transaction is performed, the state of the register will change accordingly, each time reflecting the current state of mutual settlements. The register "Mutual Settlements" is balance register.

Example:

The register must keep the balance of goods in each warehouse in quantitative and sum terms.

Balance register Products

measurements: Product, Warehouse

Resources: Quantity, Cost

Requisites:No

turnover registers

But from the register "Mutual Settlements" it is impossible to obtain information on the volume of purchases made by this buyer for any period of time, since the register does not contain such information.

In this case, the solution might be to use turnover register. In such a register - let's call it "Volume of purchases" - in the context of buyers, information on the volume of purchases (on the buyer's turnover) will be stored. When creating a turnover register, you can specify how often information will be accumulated: day, week, month, etc.

Now, when performing business transactions, it will be necessary to change not only the status of the “Settlements” register, but also the “Purchase Volume” register. In this register, each time a customer makes a purchase, information about the amount of the purchase will be entered. As a result, the "Volume of purchases" register will constantly accumulate information about the total volume of purchases of the client.

Example:

The register must store daily sales income by customers and goods.

turnover register Income

Measurements: Customer, Product

Resources: Income

Requisites: No

Periodicity: Day

11.Data types

1C:Enterprise system supports basic and aggregate data types.

To basic types include:

numeric;

string;

numeric the type can be any decimal number. Basic arithmetic operations are defined on the data of the numeric type.

Strokov the type can be any sequence of characters, including the empty one.

Type the date any valid date can be represented.

Aggregate data types are specialized data types designed to work with 1C:Enterprise objects.

To aggregate include the following data types:

Constant- a means of working with constant (or conditionally constant) values. Constants store information that does not change or changes quite rarely. For example, the name of the organization, postal address.

Directory– means for maintaining lists of homogeneous data elements.

Enumeration– a tool for working with data elements, the list of possible values ​​of which is rigidly specified (for example, for the enumeration "Form of Payment", you can set the possible values: "Cash", "Non-cash"). Document- a means for entering primary information about ongoing business transactions.

Request- a means of accessing objects (documents, registers, directories, calculation journals) in order to obtain summary information when generating output reports.

Text- a tool for working with text documents.

Table- a tool for working with tables (reports).

List of Values- a tool for creating a list of values ​​of any data with the ability to further sort and select the desired values ​​from the list.

Picture- tool for working with graphic files.

Periodic - a tool for working with periodic details of directories and periodic constants.

FS- a tool for working with files directly from the built-in language.

Component "Accounting" implements the reflection of business transactions occurring at the enterprise in accounting. It manipulates such concepts as accounting accounts, transactions and postings. The capabilities of the "Accounting" component allow you to keep records in parallel in several charts of accounts, to keep multidimensional and multilevel analytical accounting, quantitative and currency accounting.

The "Accounting" component provides the possibility of accounting for several enterprises in one information base.

Component "Calculation" designed to automate complex periodic calculations. The capabilities of this component allow you to perform calculations of varying complexity, including recalculation of the results "backdating", and keep an archive of calculations for past periods. These features are implemented by the calculation journals supported by this component. One of the main areas of application of the component is payroll.