Wl-zzoge. wireless client connection settings. Advanced WiFi Adapter Options Fragmentation Threshold

WiFi Hotspots "N" - problems with Macs and more...

I ran into a problem, there are several access points with support for the 802.11n protocol and everything would be fine, BUT some MacBooks, iPads and other evil spirits, and recently Dell laptops refused to work in N mode, and the devices honestly receive all the necessary settings via DHCP, but neither ping nor tracert work, when you disable N and switch to b/g, the problem disappears and the network works without problems. It was a shame the access points are chic, they sit on a gigabit network with an honest 200 megabit I-net. Quite by chance, I got the idea to tweak the settings, in particular, the Frame Length (packet size), which was set to 2346 by DEFAULT. I thought logically and remembered that on the Ethernet it is called MTU and it is equal to 1500, and for VPN tunnels you need to set 1498, and tunnels IPv6 generally live at 1280.
Then I launched a ping from the client to the server, and on the server I listened to requests from the client with tcpdump - with the default Fragment Length 2346 and RTS / CTS Threshold: 2347 - pings gave an error, and nothing arrived in tcpdump. I set the minimum value of both parameters to 256 and everything worked right away, then I set ping -l 65500 and started picking up the length of the frame (packet) until I found the minimum response time :)

2.4G Radio Configuration -> Wireless Advanced Settings
Fragment Length: 1024 (256-2346) bytes (default was 2346)
RTS/CTS Threshold: 1024 (256-2347) (default was 2347)
======================================== ==============
Moreover, the network starts working at a value of 2345, but by experience we found a more optimal frame size that allows large packets to pass through. The classic Ethernet 1500 turned out to be too big, I stopped the selection of the optimal size at 1024 - with ping -l 65500, the delay was about 30-40ms. while with a frame (packet) of 1500 or 2345, the delay was about 50-60ms, reducing the frame also led to an increase in delay.

The main objective of the experiment- force the access point to live NORMALLY with "specific" equipment that does not work with DEFAULT settings. At that time, my Samsung Galaxy Note and other devices incl. and iPhones and some iPads also worked without problems. This is probably an individual glitch of some devices at the hardware or software level, but in this case it was possible to simultaneously fix the glitch by easily setting up the access point and at the same time optimize WiFi performance for the case of heavy files.

UPD:
RTS Threshold : RTS Threshold is the minimum number of bytes for which a channel connection mechanism using Ready to Send/Clear to Receive (RTS/CTS) signals can operate. In a network with high levels of RF interference or a large number of wireless devices using the same channel, lowering the RTS Threshold value can help reduce lost frames. The default RTS threshold is 2347 bytes; this is the maximum possible value.

Fragmentation threshold : This is the maximum value allowed by the router when sending information in packets before the packets are broken into fragments. Usually, the causes of problems that arise when sending information are the presence of other network traffic and conflicts in the transmitted data. They can be eliminated by breaking the information into fragments. The lower the fragmentation threshold is set, the smaller the size of the packet that will not be fragmented. At the maximum value (2346), fragmentation is practically disabled. Only advanced users should change this value.

UPD2:
I wrote a note because here and on other Makovodovsky forums there were a lot of cries about compatibility glitches of access points and WiFi routers with Makovsky iron. I had a good example - 2 identical iPads with the same firmware - one instantly connected to my WiFi, and the other got confused and did not connect. Since I personally don’t have Mac iron, but I work with the hardware of the user, which they don’t always let me squeeze into my hands, I had to study the materiel on the forums and initially solved the problem by disabling the 40 megabit transfer mode, and in the case of Dell, turning off the N-protocol altogether, and only then, since I had the opportunity to play around with Dell, I found the above parameters and now everything works with the highest possible speeds (Dell writes 150 megabits, and the point about this connection writes 108 megabits to the client and 56 megabits from the client).

Status Page

The Status page displays the specific status of the connected network, including the SSID (Service Area ID), the channel on which the signal is being transmitted, and the version of the firmware being used, among other additional information.

Note. If the MAC address field displays "Device not associated", then the 5430 is not associated with a wireless network. If the correct MAC address is displayed in the MAC address field, then the 5430 is associated with a wireless network.

Wireless menu options

Using the Wireless menu, change the Client mode to Ad Hoc mode and enter the network name (SSID (service area ID)) or select a separate channel for Ad Hoc mode. If you are not sure which SSID (service area ID) is set for your network, use the Site Survey feature on the Tools tab to find the network for the 5430.

Security. Using a secure wireless network

Hide SSID, "SSID Broadcast off", "Invisible"- Makes the wireless network hidden. The network is not detected by wireless devices, but you can connect to it by entering its name on the connected device manually.

802.11 Mode, "IEEE 802.11 Mode", "Wireless Band"- The operating mode of the wireless network, which directly affects the speed of data transmission in it.

• "802.11b", "B", "Only B"- Outdated wireless data transfer standard. Operates in the 2.4GHz band, the maximum connection speed is 11Mb/s. The actual data transfer rate is about 5Mb/s.
• "802.11g", "G", "Only G"- Wireless data transmission standard. Operates in the 2.4GHz band, the maximum connection speed is 54Mb/s. The actual data transfer rate is about 25Mb/s.
  • "Super G Mode", "Super G Features", "Fast Frame" Bursting, Compression, "Super G without Turbo"- Extension for standard "802.11g" used by the company Atheros in their chips (used in Airlink 101, Clipsal, D-Link, Intelbras, Netgear, Nortel Networks, Planex, SMC, Sony, TRENDnet, SparkLAN, Toshiba, ZyXEL, Ubiquiti, Mikrotik, etc. devices). Slightly increases the data transfer rate and increases the stability of the network, the actual throughput of the wireless network "802.11g", can be about 35mb/sec. Works if the client and station support this extension.
  • "Super G with Dynamic Turbo", "Super G with static Turbo"- Theoretically allows you to increase throughput "802.11g" twice, due to the use of a wider frequency band. As a rule, this mode can only be used in channel 6 (2.437). The maximum connection speed is 108Mb/s, the real throughput can be 70Mb/s, provided that both wireless devices support this extension.
• "802.11n", "N", "Only N"- Wireless data transmission standard. Operates in the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands. Can use 20 MHz channels and 40 MHz wideband channels. The connection speed when using one antenna and a channel width of 40 MHz is 150 Mb/s, when using two antennas and a channel width of 40 MHz is 300 Mb/s. The maximum theoretical connection speed is 600Mb/s. Approximate real data transfer rate is when using one antenna and a channel width of 40 MHz 75 Mb/s, two antennas and a channel width of 40 MHz 150 Mb/s.
  • "Channel Width", "Channel Spectrum Width"- Choice of channel width, as a rule, only works for the standard "802.11n". Available settings: 20 MHz or auto 20/40 MHz.
    "Extension Channel Upper Chanel"- Use the extension channel above the main channel.
    "Extension Channel Lower Chanel"- Use the expansion channel under the main channel.
• Mixed- Use of all wireless data transmission standards supported by the device at the same time. May adversely affect the speed of the wireless network.

"Wireless Channel", channel, "Frequency, MHz"- Select a wireless network channel. There are 14 channels available in the 2.4GHz band (2.412GHz-2.484GHz). On some devices, their number is limited to 12 (2.412GHz-2.467GHz).

"Enable Auto Channel Scan", "Frequency, MHz Auto"- Automatically selects the wireless broadcast channel.

"Channel shifting"-Using non-standard channels with a center frequency between the standard ones. Used to reduce interference from other sources. Must be supported by all wireless network devices for normal operation.

"Data Rate, Mbps"- Forced selection of the data rate of the wireless device from the list. It should be changed if the wireless device does not correctly select speeds in mode Auto. Helps to fix the instability of the connection with the base station. For each mode of operation, the list of speeds is different.

• "802.11b"- 1Mb/s, 2Mb/s, 5.5Mb/s, 11Mb/s.
• "802.11g"- 6mb/sec, 9mb/sec, 12mb/sec, 18mb/sec, 24mb/sec, 36mb/sec, 48mb/sec, 54mb/sec.
• "802.11n"- 15mb/sec, 30mb/sec, 45mb/sec, 60mb/sec, 90mb/sec, 120mb/sec, 135mb/sec, 150mb/sec, 180mb/sec, 240mb/sec, 270mb/sec, 300mb/sec.

"Transmit Power", output power- The power emitted by the transmitter of the wireless device. The default is usually 17dBi/50mW, but there are devices with higher output power, up to 30dBm/1000mW. In most cases, 17dBi/50mW is enough for normal wireless network operation.

"Beacon Period", "Beacon Interval"- The time between the AP sending beacons to synchronize the wireless network. As a rule, it varies from 20 to 1000. In most cases, there is no need to change.

"DTIM", "DTIM Interval"- The number of beacons sent on the air in a row. As a rule, it varies from 1 to 255. In most cases, there is no need to change.

"Fragment Length", "Fragmentation Threshold"- The fragmentation threshold, specified in bytes, determines which packets will be fragmented. It has a default value of 2346, which means that packets over 2346 will be fragmented. As a rule, it varies from 256 to 2346. In most cases, there is no need to change.
"RTS Length", "RTS Threshold"- Should be changed if a lot of corrupted data comes from the point. As a rule, it varies from 256 to 2346. In most cases, there is no need to change.

WEP, Security: WEP- An algorithm for encrypting data in a wireless network. It exists in two varieties WEP-40 and WEP-104. The difference between WEP-40 and WEP-104 is the key length. Currently deprecated and supported only for compatibility with older Wi-Fi devices. It can be easily cracked with Aircrack-ng, even without special skills and knowledge.

WPA and "WPA2", Security: WPA- A family of protocols that replaced the obsolete WEP. It has greater security compared to WEP, sometimes supported by hardware (allows you to use it without loss of network performance).

• WPA-Personal- Variety "WPA/WPA2", does not require an authentication server.
• WPA-Enterprise- Variety "WPA/WPA2", requires an external RADIUS server.

"TKIP", WPA-TKIP, "WPA2-TKIP"- Temporal key integrity protocol in the WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) secure wireless access protocol.
AES, WPA-AES, "WPA2-AES"- Symmetric block encryption algorithm (block size 128 bits, key 128/192/256 bits).

"Pre-Shared Key", WEP Key, WPA Shared Key- Secret key to access the wireless network. Typically 8 to 63 characters.

Wi-Fi Settings Cheat Sheet

• Rate
  You can set the data rate to a lower rate if you experience connection problems or data loss at a high rate. It is important to know that some data rates are specific to one 802.11 standard, while another standard will allow the 5430 to connect to that network only. 802.11g speeds: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps; 802.11b speeds: 1, 2, 5.5, 11 Mbps
• Basic Rate Set
  You can choose from two options: support for all rates, as described in the Rate section above, or use the 1.2 Mbps rates supported only by older versions of 802.11b.
• Fragmentation Threshold
  This threshold is used for packet fragmentation, which improves performance when an RF radio interface is present.
• RTS Threshold
  The RTS threshold determines the size of the transmission packet and, using the access point, helps control the flow of traffic.
• DTIM Interval
  The DTIM interval sets the startup interval for clients in power saving mode.
• Beacon Interval
  A beacon is a packet of information that a connected device is ready to send from that device to all other devices. The beacon interval is the length of time (set by the beacon) before the beacon is resent. The beacon interval can be configured in the range of milliseconds (ms).
• Preamble Type
  Preambles are a sequence of binary bits that aid in the synchronization of receivers and preparation for receiving transmitted data. Some older versions of wireless systems, such as 802.11b, use shorter preambles. If you experience any problems connecting to an older 802.11b device, try using a shorter preamble. A short preamble can be used if the 54g Mode field for 54g mode is set to 802.11b Only.
• Beacon Interval (Beacon Packets)
  Beacon are packets sent by the access point to synchronize the wireless network. Specify the required beacon interval. The default value is 100 (recommended).
• DTIM interval (DTIM, Traffic Delivery Notification)
  The default Delivery Traffic Indication Message interval is 3. DTIM is a countdown counter that notifies next window clients to listen for broadcast and multicast messages.
• Fragment Length
  The fragmentation threshold, specified in bytes, determines which packets will be fragmented. Packets larger than 2346 bytes will be fragmented before transmission because the default is 2346.
• RTS Length
  This parameter should remain at the default value of 2346. If you encounter a corrupted data stream, it is only recommended to decrease the RTS threshold value between 256 and 2346.

You already know what interference is, so I will not repeat it again. Dealing with it is sometimes very easy, and sometimes very difficult. The first step is to determine the source of the interference. If this is a household device, then it must be turned off and removed as far as possible from the access point or not used at all in the future.

If the source of interference is a neighboring network, either your network or the neighboring network must be transferred to another channel. If you have a D-Link access point, then click on the Advanced button and then on the Wireless button.

On the options page that appears, you will be able to set the following important options:
• Channel - channel number. The default is channel 1. Try another channel as far as possible from the first network channel. Try using channels 5, 6, or 11. The more different the channels are, the less chance of interference.
• Preamble type - sets the preamble type. Without going into technical details, the preamble is long (long) and short (short). A short preamble improves network performance, but a long preamble is more versatile and is supported by the oldest nodes. If you are creating a public rather than a home network, then you need to choose a long preamble so that even the oldest clients can connect to your network.

Changing the channel number and transmitter power of the wireless adapter

Sometimes you need to explicitly specify the wireless network channel number in the network adapter settings.

To do this, open the Device Manager window, double-click on your wireless adapter, in the window that appears, go to the Advanced tab and change the following settings:
• BSS PLCP header - sets the preamble type (depending on the adapter driver, Auto, Long, Short values ​​are possible);
• WZC IBSS channel number - sets the wireless network cable number;
• Output power - allows you to change the power of the wireless adapter's transmitter; sometimes you need to increase the power of the adapter, and sometimes, on the contrary, lower it in order to achieve the desired signal quality.

The wireless network does not work at all

First of all, check if the access point is turned on. It happens that children or pets can easily touch the power cable of the access point - it is clear that it will not work without power.

If the power is on but the WLAN indicator is off, try turning off the access point and after a while (one minute is enough) turn it on again.

If the WLAN LED is green (meaning the wireless part is working as it should) but the WAN (or DSL - it can be called by different names) LED is off, then you have a DSL connection problem. Try turning off the hotspot, wait a bit, and turn it back on. Only you need to wait not a minute, but 5 minutes, so that the provider's authentication server has time to close the session. Then turn on the hotspot again. If this does not help, call the provider - the reason is most likely on his part.

Wireless network is slow

The reason for the slow network is either interference or high load on the access point. Turn off all wireless clients, leave only one node, and test the speed. If the speed is normal, then the performance degradation is due to overloading the access point. Probably, you need to introduce another access point - one can no longer cope. When implementing multiple access points, remember that each access point must operate on its own channel. If you have two access points, then use channels 1 and 6 or 6 and 11 (if channel 1 is occupied by another network). If you have three access points, then the optimal scheme is: 1, 6 and 11 (the distance is 5 channels between access points). For four access points, the scheme is suitable: 1, 5, 9 and 13 (the distance is 4 channels between access points). Each access point must operate on its own channel, but all access points must have the same SSID, otherwise each access point will be perceived as a separate network.

If the speed remains low, then the problem is probably interference. How to deal with it, it was said above.

Poor signal quality

The main reason for poor signal quality is interference. For information on how to deal with it, see Signal Interference: Neighbor Network. Another thing is if you are dealing with low signal strength. As a rule, the signal strength decreases in the "border" territories. The simplest solution is to move closer to the access point. If this is not possible or inconvenient, then you can try pointing the wireless adapter's antenna towards the access point (this helps) and / or increase the power of the wireless adapter's transmitter.

If you have a laptop, then the antenna of the wireless adapter is built into the laptop case, and you can not change its direction. But, on the other hand, nothing prevents you from taking a laptop and moving closer to the access point.

"Set it and forget it" is the desire of most wireless router users. For them, a wireless router is a simple device that only provides communication with ...

"Set it and forget it" is the desire of most wireless router users. For them, a wireless router is a simple device that just provides Internet connectivity and wireless access to network devices. However, someone who is willing to devote a little time to setting it up can greatly improve the benefits of a WiFi router, including increased performance, increased security, and remote access to internal network resources in a home or office network.

Most users are aware of, and hopefully use, some obvious options for setting up a wireless router. Nearly all modern wireless clients implement the strongest form of wireless encryption, WPA2, and most users should use WPA2 on their home network. Newer routers, such as the Cisco Linksys EA4500, are initially configured with strong WPA2 security by default. When buying a router, you should make sure that it implements WPA2 security mode.

Other well-known components include the firewall and parental controls. Modern routers come with a built-in firewall to protect against Internet-based threats such as denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and snooping. Parental controls are increasingly used in consumer routers, and thanks to the efforts of vendors, it is becoming easier for the average user to configure and manage this component. As a result, adults have the opportunity to protect children from exposure to questionable content on the Internet.

All of these features are important, but most router management programs have other powerful features that are not known to the mainstream user. We'll introduce you to ten little-known router settings that can improve performance and enhance network security.

1. Channel width

Imagine that the data transmitted wirelessly is cars on a highway. The wider the highway, the more cars can pass through it. However, the more cars, the greater the likelihood of accidents and other troubles.

Channel width has a similar meaning. This setting controls the signal bandwidth for wireless data transmission. The channel width can be set for both 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz bands. 802.11ac currently has settings of 20MHz, 40MHz, and even 60MHz.

The default channel width for 2.4 GHz is 20 MHz. Data travels slower on a 20 MHz link than on the wider 40 and 60 MHz links, but older 802.11x devices can be connected to a 20 MHz link, and range is generally better than 40 MHz links.

In most cases, the automatic mode is set to Auto (20 or 40 MHz) by default, and the router independently solves a difficult task - selects the appropriate communication channel width.

Owners of a dual-band 802.11n router who want to tune throughput for gaming and HD video streaming are advised to select a 40MHz channel in the 5GHz band (instead of the slower 20MHz channel). Make sure all computers and devices used for gaming and video streaming are 802.11n compatible, capable of operating in the 5GHz band with a 40MHz channel, and connected to the 5GHz band. Please note that this reduces the communication range, but you are unlikely to need to transmit video over long distances. However, if some of the devices are located at the edge of the reception area, then it may be necessary to use a repeater if it turns out that the communication range through the 40 MHz channel is insufficient.

Currently, 802.11ac compatible wireless clients are not available. But when they do go on sale, the same principle applies: Place future 802.11ac devices on a 5GHz wireless LAN for better throughput and try the 60MHz ultra-wide channel provided by 802.11ac.

2. MAC filtering

Any device that connects to a network has a MAC address assigned to its network adapter. You can improve network security by applying MAC address filtering to allow or deny network access.

MAC filtering is a standard feature of almost any wireless router. It can be used in one of two ways: to prevent certain devices from accessing the network, or to allow access to certain devices.

Enable MAC filtering in the router's management interface. Then enter the MAC addresses of all devices and deny or allow access to each device. For different router models, these steps may vary slightly, but most often in wireless routers for home networks and small offices, MAC filtering is configured this way. A little tip: in most wireless devices, the MAC address is among the network settings. On a Windows client, run the ipconfig /all command. The physical address associated with the computer's wireless card is the MAC address. On OS X, look for the MAC address under Network Preferences, and on Linux, run the ifconfig -a command as a root user.

3. QoS (quality of service)

Guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS) can help speed up certain types of network traffic, such as games, video streaming, and even Skype. Most routers provide some form of QoS, although some vendors provide their own QoS options under brand names. At one time, some D-Link routers came with a special QoS for games, GameFuel.

With QoS enabled, most routers can be configured to give priority to certain applications and traffic types. For example, you can prioritize iTunes traffic high, and your router will divert the majority of your available bandwidth to iTunes, providing a more lively, uninterrupted iTunes experience.

In some models, an even deeper level of QoS is possible. It takes trial and error to learn how to use QoS and get the maximum network throughput, but if performance issues arise, then the time spent on mastering QoS will not be wasted.

4. WMM

WMM (WiFi Multimedia) is an automated, built-in QoS technology designed specifically to preserve the integrity of multimedia materials: video, voice and sound. As a rule, this feature just needs to be turned on or off in the router, without any additional configuration.

Enabling WMM on a router does not guarantee improved performance. Sometimes WMM can lead to performance degradation, especially if QoS is already in effect. However, if problems arise, it's helpful to find out how WMM will impact network throughput.

5 Frame Burst

We are entering some pretty dangerous territory. There are some really deep wireless settings that you can configure in your router. Almost all vendors advise users to refrain from changing these settings. Mistakes in the settings can degrade or even block the wireless signal. However, you can improve performance by using some settings. One of them is Frame Burst.

Theoretically, in Frame Burst mode, wireless clients send data at a higher rate. Most routers have this mode enabled by default. Usually it can be turned on and off. Try running the router with Frame Burst enabled and disabled to see the performance. As a general rule, enabling Frame Burst helps improve overall network performance, but there have been user reports on online forums about reducing the number of communication failures when disabling Frame Burst.

6. Additional wireless data options

Most routers have an advanced wireless settings section. They should only be changed as a last resort to resolve chronic problems such as loss of connection or drop in data rate. These parameters determine how data packets are processed on the network. Set Beacon Interval to 50 (default is typically 100), Fragmentation Threshold to 2306 (default is typically 2346), and RTS Threshold to 2307 (default is 2347). Be sure to write down the parameter values ​​before making any changes in case the results are unsuccessful.

7. Dynamic DNS (DDNS)

Dynamic DNS is a common service of modern routers. With DDNS, you can associate a router with a public IP address provided by a DNS provider. DDNS is useful for remote access to a local network if you have your own Web server or email server. Through DDNS, you can access these network resources using a hostname such as mywebsite.ddns.com instead of an IP address.

In most routers, configuration settings are offered in the DDNS interface. The service itself is provided by DNS hosting providers; the two most widely used are DynDNSD.org and TZO.com. Usually you need to go to the provider's website and get an account (most often free of charge), and then configure DNS on the router interface.

8. Backup and restore

Most users forget to back up their data, let alone their routers. However, after the router is optimally configured, it is useful to copy and save this configuration. Almost all routers have backup and restore features, and they usually start with a single click of the mouse. The saved router settings are more often used not in case of a device breakdown, but in cases where you need to return to the factory settings (for example, if the password is forgotten) in order to restore the operating mode later. If the router fails, the settings will come in handy if you purchase a device of the same model. A backup copy of the settings values ​​is usually in a .cfg file, which can be saved to a USB flash drive, backup service, or other safe location.

9. Support VPN (VPN Pass Through)

VPN support is useful if you cannot connect via VPN to your office network from home. VPN support - not VPN. High-level home and business routers often have a VPN server that you can use to set up your own private VPN.

But more often, consumer routers provide the ability to pass data created using VPN protocols. In this mode, VPN traffic passes to your network. Among the types of VPN traffic that can be passed are IPSec, PPTP, and L2TP. You can allow all VPN traffic to pass through, or find out which protocol is used by the VPN you are interested in.

A VPN is a way to connect two secure networks over the Internet, such as home and office networks. Both ends require special hardware or software.

10. Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Translation allows all network devices to use a single IP address assigned to most users by their ISP. By default, many routers have NAT enabled and all devices can connect to the Internet.

But if there are two routers in the network, one of which is routing between the local and regional (WAN) networks, and the other is used as a bridge, then only the router connected to the WAN needs to perform network address translation. The second router serving as a bridge must be in bridge mode with NAT disabled.

Double translation can lead to packet collision and network bottlenecks, dramatically reducing throughput. You can disable NAT on the secondary router that is acting as a bridge from the management console.

I ran into a problem, there are several access points with support for the 802.11n protocol and everything would be fine, BUT some MacBooks, iPads and other evil spirits, and recently Dell laptops refused to work in N mode, and the devices honestly receive all the necessary settings via DHCP, but neither ping nor tracert work, when you disable N and switch to b/g, the problem disappears and the network works without problems. It was a shame the access points are chic, they sit on a gigabit network with an honest 200 megabit I-net. Quite by chance, I got the idea to tweak the settings, in particular, the Frame Length (packet size), which was set to 2346 by DEFAULT. I thought logically and remembered that on the Ethernet it is called MTU and it is equal to 1500, and for VPN tunnels you need to set 1498, and tunnels IPv6 generally live at 1280.
Then I launched a ping from the client to the server, and on the server I listened to requests from the client with tcpdump - with the default Fragment Length 2346 and RTS / CTS Threshold: 2347 - pings gave an error, and nothing arrived in tcpdump. I set the minimum value of both parameters to 256 and everything worked right away, then I set ping -l 65500 and started picking up the length of the frame (packet) until I found the minimum response time :)

2.4G Radio Configuration -> Wireless Advanced Settings
Fragment Length: 1024 (256-2346) bytes (default was 2346)
RTS/CTS Threshold: 1024 (256-2347) (default was 2347)
======================================================
Moreover, the network starts working at a value of 2345, but by experience we found a more optimal frame size that allows large packets to pass through. The classic Ethernet 1500 turned out to be too big, I stopped the selection of the optimal size at 1024 - with ping -l 65500, the delay was about 30-40ms. while with a frame (packet) of 1500 or 2345, the delay was about 50-60ms, reducing the frame also led to an increase in delay.

The main objective of the experiment is to make the access point work NORMALLY with "specific" equipment that does not work with DEFAULT settings. At that time, my Samsung Galaxy Note and other devices incl. and iPhones and some iPads also worked without problems. This is probably an individual glitch of some devices at the hardware or software level, but in this case it was possible to simultaneously fix the glitch by easily setting up the access point and at the same time optimize WiFi performance for the case of heavy files.

UPD:
RTS Threshold: The RTS Threshold is the minimum number of bytes for which the RTS/CTS link mechanism can operate. In a network with high levels of RF interference or a large number of wireless devices using the same channel, lowering the RTS Threshold value can help reduce lost frames. The default RTS threshold is 2347 bytes; this is the maximum possible value.

Fragmentation threshold: This is the maximum value allowed for the router to send information in packets before the packets are broken into fragments. Usually, the causes of problems that arise when sending information are the presence of other network traffic and conflicts in the transmitted data. They can be eliminated by breaking the information into fragments. The lower the fragmentation threshold is set, the smaller the size of the packet that will not be fragmented. At the maximum value (2346), fragmentation is practically disabled. Only advanced users should change this value.

UPD2:
I wrote a note because here and on other Makovodovsky forums there were a lot of cries about compatibility glitches of access points and WiFi routers with Makovsky iron. I had a good example - 2 identical iPads with the same firmware - one instantly connected to my WiFi, and the other got confused and did not connect. Since I personally don’t have Mac iron, but I work with the hardware of the user, which they don’t always let me squeeze into my hands, I had to study the materiel on the forums and initially solved the problem by disabling the 40 megabit transfer mode, and in the case of Dell, turning off the N-protocol altogether, and only then, since I had the opportunity to play around with Dell, I found the above parameters and now everything works with the highest possible speeds (Dell writes 150 megabits, and the point about this connection writes 108 megabits to the client and 56 megabits from the client).

In order to configure the connection configuration of wireless clients, you need to go to the following page of the web configuration manager

Menu items:

Disable (requires no information)

Accept (requires input)

Reject (requires input information)

For security purposes, ASUS 802.11g AP allows you to allow or block certain wireless clients from connecting.

The default parameter "Disable" allows connection of any clients. "Accept" allows only clients entered on this page to connect. "Reject" blocks the connection of the clients entered on this page.

Adding MAC addresses

The list of known clients contains the MAC addresses of clients connected to the AP. To add a MAC address to the access control list, simply select the MAC address from the list, then click the "Add" button.

RADIUS SETUP

In this section, you can set additional parameters for connecting to a RADIUS server. This is required when selecting the authentication method "WPA-Enterprise/ WPA2-Enterprise" or "Radius with 802.11x" on the page Wireless -> Interface.

Server IP address- This field specifies the IP address of the RADIUS server to use 802.11X authentication and dynamic WEP key verification.

Server port- This field specifies the UDP port number used by the RADIUS server.

Connection Secret- This field specifies the password for connecting to the RADIUS server.

GUEST ACCOUNT

In this section, you can create a guest account for wireless access. Select Yes in the Enable Guest Account field.

ADDITIONALLY

In this section, you can set advanced options for wireless features. The default values ​​are recommended for all items in this window.
In this window, you can also set the operating mode (AP, Adapter, or Repeater).

Enable Afterburner- In this field, you can enable AfterBurner mode for faster data transfer. AfterBurner mode requires authentication method to be set to Open System and mode to AP.

Hide SSID-"No" is the default option, so wireless clients can see your ASUS 802.11g AP SSID and connect to the access point. If you select "Yes", your ASUS 802.11g AP will not be shown to wireless clients and you must manually enter your ASUS 802.11g AP SSID to connect. Select "Yes" to restrict access to your ASUS 802.11g AP. Please change the SSID for security reasons.

Set AP Isolated- Select Yes to prevent wireless clients from communicating with each other.

Data Rate (Mbps)- In this field you can specify the baud rate. Leave "Auto" for maximum performance.

Basic Rate Set- This field specifies the base rate supported by the wireless clients. Use "1 & 2 Mbps" only for backwards compatibility with older clients.

Fragmentation Threshold (256-2346)- Fragmentation is used to divide 802.11 frames into smaller chunks (fragments) that are sent separately. Enable fragmentation by setting a specific packet size threshold. If your WLAN is experiencing excessive collisions, experiment with different fragmentation values ​​to increase frame reliability. For normal use, it is recommended to set the default value (2346).

RTS Threshold (0-2347)- The RTS/CTS function (RTS - request to send / ADS - admission to send) is used to minimize the mutual influence between wireless stations. When the RTS/CTS feature is enabled, the router refrains from sending data until an RTS/CTS response is completed. Enable the RTS/CTS function by setting a specific threshold for the packet size. It is recommended to set the default value (2347).

DTIM Interval (1-255)- DTIM (Delivery Traffic Message) message used to inform users in power saving mode to wake up the system to receive broadcast or multicast messages. Enter the DTIM time interval for clients in power saving mode. The default value(3) is recommended.

Beacon Interval (1-65535)-This field specifies the time interval in milliseconds after which the system sends a message about the readiness of the connected device. The default value (100 milliseconds) is recommended.

Enable Frame Bursting- In this field, you can enable frame-bursting mode for faster data transfer to clients that support frame-bursting.

Radio power- The output power can be set to 1-84, but the default value is recommended.

Enable WMM- In this field you can enable WMM for faster media transfer

Enable WMM No-Acknowledgement- In this field you can enable WMM No-Acknowledgement

mode- In this field, you can set the operation mode to AP or repeater.

When set to repeater mode, you should set the parameters for the repeater:

Enable Individual Wireless Settings- Selecting "Yes" applies the settings on this page to the repeater. Selecting "No" applies the settings on Wireless -> Interface Repeater to the repeater.
Other security settings are the same as on Wireless -> Interface.

The desire to view iptv via wi-fi arose simultaneously with the purchase of a laptop. Since my provider broadcasts an unencrypted signal, there was no need for a set-top box, and to realize the desire, only a router capable of “showing” iptv was required. After some torment, the choice fell on the ZyXEL nbg460n, which was supposed to satisfy all the needs that arose, while I, a person inexperienced in these matters, assumed that iptv would be distributed by itself via wi-fi, but just with this a problem arose.

No matter how good ZyXEL is, he stubbornly did not want to distribute the TV through the air. Flashing the device and tweaking the settings did not help, only a small stub of the picture stubbornly came to the beech, which immediately froze with a plaintive sob, after which the wireless TV ended before the player was restarted. Since zyukh was infallible by definition, the thought came to mind that the transmitted stream was too fat and could not be pumped over wi-fi.

I always thought that if the specification of the router says 300Mbps, then it should work for all 300, well, in extreme cases, no less than 250, but in fact it was oh so far from this figure. It turned out that the speed that manufacturers of wireless wi-fi equipment indicate in the characteristics is not a data transfer rate. This is only the so-called "radio speed", while the file transfer rate should be at most half of it.

In order to unleash the full potential of the 802.11n standard, which specifications indicate a radio speed of 300 Mbps (respectively, 150 Mbps data transfer rate), special equipment is required, only routers and receivers that have three antennas and also support operation at a frequency of 5 GHz and MIMO technology, can theoretically approach the mark of 150 Mits/sec. At the same time, most of the equipment that supports 802.11n operates only at a frequency of 2.4 GHz (like my ZyXEL), which is guaranteed to "cut" the theoretical maximum data transfer rate of only 75 Mbps. But even despite all these restrictions, iptv with the most excellent picture cannot consume more than 5 Mbps, i.e. can show perfectly even on the 802.11g standard.

The equipment turned out to be in perfect order, further study of the issue opened the eyes to the problem of IP Wi-Fi even more widely and brought disappointment in the 460th. As it turned out, iptv over cable and over the air are two big differences, and that it is the router that makes truly wireless TV in my case, but the ZyXEL nbg460n could not do this.

In order to find the best option, all acquaintances who potentially have access to the router household were interviewed, and after a while a small collection of routers gathered in the house. After a series of tests, I realized that none of the presented models is capable of broadcasting iptv wirelessly in any quality that satisfies me, while the most worthy in this regard was DLink Dir-615, through which television was shown quite acceptable, provided that the laptop was within a radius of 3 meters from the router, lags began at longer distances, artifacts poured out and the picture periodically froze.

It's time to go to the forums again, and lo and behold, almost the first link led me, if not to solving the problem, then in any case showed that there is life on Mars, watching iptv via wi-fi is possible, and there are even people who are so easy, you live great, they watch it every day and don’t even see anything special in it, which for me, a person who has lost faith in modern technologies, was real magic.

The solution was found. It consisted in the need to convert udp-multicast iptv traffic to tcp-unicast. This can be done using a special UDP-to-HTTP utility that will carry out all the necessary evolutions. At the same time, the picture and sound become very high quality, you will not see any artifacts, lags and fading, viewing becomes extremely comfortable, not only on a laptop, but also on all devices that are morally ready for this, such as Xbox, Playstation, WD TV Live or even a TV that supports DLNA. Of course, the utility must be launched on a computer with iptv connected to it via a twisted pair cable, i.e. if you are using an always-on home server, then this is an option that will work with any router that understands iptv, but if an always-on computer is not in your plans, then you can purchase a router that can perform traffic conversion (with udpxy support). In this case, traffic conversion will be carried out directly on the router.

The most famous manufacturers that produce routers with udpxy support are LinkSys, ASUS and the well-known ZyXEL with the Keenetic series. I can’t say anything about NetGear, someone seemed to unsubscribe that he succeeded, but there is no reliable information. Some LinkSys and ASUS models will have to be flashed with custom firmware (for example, DD-WRT) to achieve what you want, but ZyXEL can do it right out of the box. I settled on the ASUS RT-N56U, which also regularly blows IPTV UDP Multicast to the HTTP Proxy port, and also knows how to distribute content via UPnP, which, for example, facilitates wireless viewing of video files on the corresponding TV models.

That's all. If someone has technical questions about setting up, then it’s enough to go into the search with a couple of technical terms from the article and the word udpxy.

P.S. To everyone who bought ASUS RT-N56U, I strongly recommend custom firmware from Padavan, which can be downloaded