Sanitary rules for machine shops (metal cutting). Industrial sanitation. Workshop lighting. Illumination standards Industry standards for artificial lighting of the main workshops

A production shop, a warehouse, a conveyor - none of these objects can work without lighting, which in this context is commonly called industrial. Luminaires of various types increase productivity, reduce staff fatigue and ensure the safety of the work process. Accordingly, the design of lighting for industrial buildings and indoor workplaces is subject to increased requirements for reliability and functionality.

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Types of industrial lighting

In industrial production, such types of lighting as natural, artificial and emergency are used. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Daylight

It means the sun, the rays of which directly or in a reflected form fall on the illuminated object. There are several types of natural lighting in the building: overhead, side and combined. In the first case, light enters the room through openings in the ceilings. When lateral, it penetrates through openings in the walls. Both options combine combined lighting.

artificial lighting

The need for it in production arose due to the inconstancy of the natural source - the sun. Working and duty (the second is used after hours) provides visibility in the workplace. For this purpose, luminaires with fluorescent, high-pressure gas discharge lamps or LED sources are installed in buildings.

Emergency lighting

It is used in emergency situations and is divided into two types: for evacuation and for safety. The first provides the proper conditions for the rapid evacuation of people from the building and is a device with inscriptions and pointers. They are installed at exits or points of location of fire safety equipment. Lighting of industrial premises for safety purposes is required when the main source is turned off leading to a dangerous situation: fire, poisoning, disruption of the process.

One of the varieties of artificial working lighting is LED. Industrial LED luminaires are economical and ergonomic. They can be used in conditions of high humidity, at high and low temperatures, in dusty buildings. This is achieved due to the special design of the case, which minimizes the external impact on them and eliminates overheating. The latter problem is solved by using radiators to remove heat.

LED elements are used in manufacturing plants and large buildings. They are able to reduce electricity costs by 4-7 times in comparison with luminescent and traditional sources. LED luminaires are durable and do not require special care or maintenance. They have a high margin of safety, as the flask is made of polymer material, and therefore are suitable for difficult operating conditions. Even when broken, toxic substances are not released from them, as is the case with luminescent ones, so they do not pose a health threat to people present in the room.

Dome lights

These pendant devices are designed for large industrial facilities (workshops, warehouse complexes, hangars) and other buildings with ceilings over 4 m high. In addition to the dome design, they are characterized by convenient mounting with the function of reflector rotation. The configuration of the dome determines at what angle of dispersion the rays will propagate. Dome models have a dust- and moisture-proof housing (IP57 and higher), operate in a temperature range from -40 to +50 ° C and work on average about 75 thousand hours.

Spotlights are installed not indoors, but also outside them. They create a stream of rays and form its transmission at a certain slope, depending on the design features of the body, installed lenses and reflectors. Optical solutions are common, giving a beam of light at an angle of 15, 30, 45, 60 or 90 °.

Ceiling lamps

Ceiling lamps are fixed directly to the ceiling and create diffused rather than directional light, evenly illuminating the entire workshop, warehouse or other building. They are built-in or overhead. Ceiling lights are easy to maintain, economical and are also used for organizing emergency lighting.

Individual backlight

It is used to maximize the workspace of employees, focus on details or ensure compliance with safety regulations. It makes sense to equip the operator's seat on the conveyor belt or behind the machine with it. Spot LED-lamps with a bright directional beam that falls on the workplace of one or two or three workers will be appropriate here.

Lighting for workshops and warehouses

To solve this problem, LED solutions are widely used. They have performed well in the industrial field for a number of reasons.

• Demonstrate economic efficiency. They are 4-7 times more economical than halogen and luminescent analogues and do not need regular replacement of starters.
• They serve at least 50,000 hours. In practice, this figure reaches 75,000 and even 100,000 hours, which corresponds to 4-8 years of continuous operation.
• Payback within 6-12 months. This takes into account their service life, energy efficiency and it is assumed that they will be on 24 hours a day.
• They produce a luminous flux with different characteristics. Depending on the needs of production, the optimal values ​​​​of the spectrum, power, directivity are selected.
• Practical and reliable. Not only the service life of LED elements plays a role, but also the strength of the structure. They are not fragile, are not afraid of vibration and weigh little. They are not afraid of frequent switching on and off, dusty and damp rooms.

If the workshop, warehouse or other building has an elongated shape, it is reasonable to install linear ceiling fixtures in it. Dome solutions are suitable for organizing a local light flux. If natural light enters the production room, the work of the artificial source must be adjusted to it. This problem is solved by manually switching on and off lighting fixtures or using sensors and timers that work automatically over the entire area or in individual sectors.

The impact of industrial lighting on human performance

Artificial light affects the biological processes in the human body. It determines the visibility of objects in the workplace and affects the emotional state, endocrine and immune systems, metabolic rate and other vital processes. The natural light of the sun is a priority for the human body. In order for artificial analogues to be able to replace it, it is necessary to match the spectral compositions of the radiation. Otherwise, visual discomfort leads to the following consequences:

• Fatigue
• Decreased concentration
• The onset of a headache
• Difficulties in recognizing objects

Requirements and standards for lighting industrial premises

Industrial facilities are designed in accordance with approved standards. The current standards allow organizing comfortable and safe workplaces. The requirements and norms are listed in the set of rules SP52.13330.2011 (formerly SNiP 23-05-95) "Natural and artificial lighting". Engineers are also guided by SP 2.2.1.1312-03 “Hygienic requirements for the design of newly built and reconstructed industrial enterprises”, GOST 15597-82 “Lights for industrial buildings. General specifications” and industry standards. Here is a brief formulation of the basic design rules set forth in these standards.

• The level of illumination in an industrial workshop or other structure corresponds to the category of work that is performed in it.
• The brightness is the same throughout the room. This is achieved by painting walls and ceilings in light shades.
• The luminaires used have spectral characteristics that provide the correct color reproduction.
• There are no objects with pronounced reflective surfaces in the human field of view. This avoids the occurrence of direct and reflected glare and thus eliminates the possibility of glare.
• The room is evenly lit throughout the working shifts.
• The possibility of sharp and dynamic shadows in the workplace, which lead to an increase in injuries, is excluded.
• Lamps, wires, shields, transformers are located in places that are safe for the surroundings.

Calculation of lighting of a production facility

Ergonomically correct design of workplaces creates comfortable and safe working conditions. When choosing lighting sources for a workshop, it is customary to rely on three evaluation criteria:

• The amount of light flux. Based on this parameter, the illumination required for a building or a separate sector is calculated and the number of sources to provide it is determined. At the same time, the type and purpose of the room, the area and height of the ceilings are taken into account, building rules and regulations, including industry ones, are taken into account.
• Colorful temperature. Determines the intensity of the light emission and its color - from warm yellow to cool white.
• Operating conditions. Here it is important to take into account the average temperature in the production room, the level of humidity, dust, vibration and other factors.

According to the regulations, if workers do not perform visual tasks, the brightness is 150 lm per 1 m2. If an average visual load is meant, this indicator rises to 500 lm per 1 m2. In those rooms where they work with parts with a diameter of up to 10 mm, the level of the luminous flux is at least 1,000 lm per 1 m2. To get a luminous flux equal to 400-450 lm, you will need a 40 W halogen lamp, 8 W fluorescent lamp or 4 W LED.

At the workplace, the color temperature is brought closer to the parameters of natural light. This is from 4,000 to 4,5000 K. If regular reading of the documentation is expected, the color temperature is increased towards cold white, but not more than 6,000 K.

The power of the luminous flux is affected by the features of the installation of the device (the higher it is located, the less lumens it gives out), the presence or absence of a diffuser, the degree of transparency of the glass. When choosing a specific light source, it is also customary to focus on the stability of the luminous flux, the efficiency of the selected product, its electrical parameters and safety requirements.

findings

Management companies and business owners in Moscow and beyond are increasingly using LED solutions for industrial and other facilities. LED light sources have declared themselves as economical, durable, easy to maintain, comfortable for the eyes and safe from the standpoint of constant exposure to the human body.

The calculation of natural and artificial lighting is performed according to the norms of SNiP II-A.8-72 and SNiP II-A.9-71.

Forging and stamping shops work, as a rule, in two shifts, and certain areas, for example, some thermal departments (see), in three shifts, and, therefore, cannot be fully provided with natural light during working hours. Even during the day shift in winter, and also in overcast weather, artificial lighting is often required.

Workshop lighting

Artificial lighting should provide illumination in any work shift that allows you to perform and set up equipment without manufacturing defects and injuries arising from insufficient lighting. In addition, the illumination in each section of the workshop should be such that it excludes the possibility of excessive fatigue of the worker as a result of eye strain.

Artificial lighting is performed by a single general lighting system or a combined lighting system, that is, general and local. The use of one local lighting is not allowed.

The general lighting system can be made by uniform placement of fixtures in the room or by localized placement, taking into account the location of the working areas.

Artificial lighting is divided into working and emergency. Working lighting is designed to ensure the normal operation of the workshop at night, and emergency lighting is turned on in cases where it is necessary for people to leave the workshop or continue working in it when the working lighting is suddenly turned off. Emergency lighting fixtures must be connected to a separate power supply.

Artificial lighting can be performed by gas discharge lamps (see), as well as mercury lamps such as DRL and DRI.

Norms of illumination of industrial premises

The norms of illumination of working surfaces in industrial premises are set depending on the characteristics of visual work: I category - work of the highest accuracy, IX category (last) - work in warehouses of bulky items and bulk materials. Forging and cold-forming workshops can be attributed to the IV category - work of medium accuracy. The lowest permissible illumination when using a general lighting system for blacksmith forging shops is 300 lux, for blacksmith shops for stamping 400 lux, for 500 lux, in technical control areas (III - high-precision work) 750 lux.

When using fluorescent and mercury lamps with corrected color of the DRL type, it is necessary to provide measures to reduce the stroboscopic effect, since with it the rapidly rotating parts of the machines seem to be stationary. Contact of the worker with such parts leads to injury.

Local lighting lamps (with any lamps) must have reflectors made of non-translucent material with a protective angle of at least 30 °, and if the lamps are located no higher than the eye level of the worker - at least 10 °.

When designing lighting installations in forging and cold forging shops, a safety factor should be introduced that takes into account the decrease in illumination during the operation of the installations (dirty lamps, lamp aging, etc.). The safety factor for fluorescent lamps is 1.8. Luminaires should be cleaned at least three times a month.

Properly designed and executed lighting in enterprises ensures the possibility of normal production activities. The safety of a person's vision, the state of his central nervous system and safety at work largely depend on lighting conditions. Lighting also affects productivity and product quality.

The main task of industrial lighting is to maintain illumination at the workplace that corresponds to the nature of visual work.

When lighting the designed mechanical assembly shop, combined lighting is used, in which natural lighting, which is insufficient according to the norms, is supplemented by artificial lighting. At the same time, natural lighting is combined, that is, combining top (carried out through skylights) and side (carried out through light openings) lighting. The artificial lighting of the designed workshop is also combined, that is, representing a combination of local and general lighting.

Illumination at workplaces and surfaces of machines of class H and P should be at least 2000 lux when illuminated by gas discharge lamps. The general artificial lighting of the workshop with metal-cutting machines should be equal to 400 lux when illuminated by gas discharge lamps.

To calculate the working artificial lighting of the workshop, the following is taken as the initial data:

- type of light source: for lighting the production room - an arc mercury fluorescent lamp DRL-700, having a luminous flux value Ф П = 33000 lm;

– type of lighting system – combined;

– characteristics of the workshop: length – 144 m, width – 96 m, height of lamps – 7.2 m;

- coefficient of minimum illumination, equal to the ratio of average illumination and minimum, for DRL lamps z = 1.15.

The calculation of the total uniform artificial illumination of a horizontal working surface is performed by the method of using the luminous flux.

Luminous flux (lm) of one lamp:

where E n is the normalized minimum illumination according to SNiP 23–05–95 “Natural and artificial lighting”, E n = 400 lux;

S is the area of ​​the illuminated room, S = 13824 m 2;

z is the coefficient of illumination unevenness, z = 1.15;

K z - safety factor, according to SNiP 23-05-95 "Natural and artificial lighting" K z \u003d 1.5;

η n - coefficient of use of the luminous flux;

N- the number of lamps in the room.

The coefficient of use of the luminous flux η n, which gave the name to the calculation method, is determined according to SNiP 23-05-95 "Natural and artificial lighting" depending on the type of lamp, the reflection coefficients of the ceiling ρ p, wall ρ s, floor ρ p, room dimensions determined room index:

where A is the length of the room in plan, A = 144 m;

B - width of the room in plan, B = 96 m;

H - the height of the fixtures suspension above the working surface, H = 7.2 m.

.

For ceiling reflection coefficients ρ p = 30%, walls ρ c = 10%, floor ρ p = 10% and room index i= 8 luminous flux utilization factor η n = 0.64.

Thus, the number of lamps in the room is determined:

N =
PCS.

Thus, 451 lamps of the UPD type with DRL-700 lamps are used to illuminate the designed mechanical assembly shop.

The luminous flux is determined

lm.

Deviation of the flow of the selected lamp DRL-700 (Ф П = 38000 lm) from the calculated one

=
%,

which lies in the range of -10% ... + 20%.

The lamps are arranged in rows of 41 pieces at an equal distance from each other. Number of rows 11.

Equally important is the correct color decoration of the premises. The wall covering should be matte, without glare; the upper sections of the walls and the ceiling should be painted white, as this color has the highest reflectivity and thus increases the illumination of the room.

5.55. For machine shops, as a rule, a combined lighting system is used. For workshops of serial production of parts, the level of normalized illumination is 2000 lux (grade IIv). At the same time, general lighting should create 300 lux at a level of 0.8 m from the floor with a safety factor To h = 1.5. For this category of work, the quality indicators of the OS should not exceed the following values: the coefficient of unevenness in lighting performed by LL - 1.5; with GLVD - 2; blindness indicator - 20; ripple factor - 20% for general lighting in a combined lighting system and 10% for local lighting.

As light sources, LL type LB is recommended in luminaires with cosine light distribution at a suspension height of not more than 5-7 m above the level of the working surface. At high suspension heights, mirror lamps with LL, or diffuse lamps with DRL or MHL, should be used.

Rice. 37. Placement of lamps in the mechanical workshop with a building module 6x18 m, height 10 m

a- luminaires with DRI type lamps, placed according to scheme 7, fig. 31;

b- luminaires with DRL type lamps, placed according to scheme 15 of fig. 31

Example 1 It is necessary to illuminate the machine shop with normal environmental conditions, located in a room with sufficient natural light according to the norms; a grid of columns measuring 6×18 m, the height of the room is 10 m (see Fig. 37). The workshop equipment is located in four rows.

For better illumination of the machine control mechanisms, it is recommended to install the lines of lamps not above the machine supports, but move them towards the control mechanisms by 0.5-1 m, i.e. install them over the aisles.

Consider several possible lighting options for this workshop, presented in Table. 52 and shown in fig. 37. All of them provide the specified requirements of the standards for quantitative and qualitative indicators of lighting.

Analysis of the table. 52 shows that option 3 with MGL lamps is the most efficient in terms of energy and material costs; if it is impossible to use this option, option 1 with DRL lamps should be used.

Example 2 The mechanical workshop is located in a room with a building module 6×12 m, 6 m high. We also consider 3 possible variants of the OS with different light sources, presented in Table. 53 and in fig. 38.

Rice. 38. Placement of fixtures in the machine shop

with building module 6×12 m

a- with DRL type lamps according to scheme 13 fig. 31; b- the same, with lamps of the type

DRI according to scheme 12 fig. 31; in- the same, with LL according to scheme 1 fig. 33

Analysis of the options given in table. 53 shows the advantage of the 1st and 3rd of them (with MGL). In terms of spectral characteristics, these lamps may well compete with LL-type LB. Therefore, if there are appropriate fixtures, they should be preferred. Comparing the first two options, it can be noted that in terms of capital costs, option 1 is more expensive than option 2 by 15%, in terms of reduced costs it is cheaper than the second one by 10%, and in terms of electricity consumption (taking into account losses in the ballast) it is 33% more economical, than the second. Therefore, when choosing between the first and second options, preference should be given to an installation with LL, which provides the best spectral composition of radiation, the possibility of reducing shading, and saving electricity by more than 30%.

Machine tools in machine shops are supplied, as a rule, equipped with local lighting fixtures. In addition to machine tools, mechanical workshops have locksmith workbenches, marking plates and other equipment, at the workplaces of which local lighting should be provided in the design documentation for artificial lighting. Guidance on this subject is provided in this Handbook.

Table 52

Table 53

ASSEMBLY SHOP LIGHTING

5.56. Assembly shops are available in many industries (machine tool building, mechanical engineering, instrument making, electrical engineering and other sub-sectors of the electrical industry, woodworking industry, etc.). Depending on the size of the objects being assembled, assembly shops can be located in multi-storey buildings, the height of the premises is 3.5-5 m (for example, assembly of instruments, tools, watches, etc.) and in one-story buildings of various heights (up to 20 m and more).

In assembly shops, a combined lighting system (for example, the assembly of watches, instruments, etc. and assembly assembly in mechanical engineering) or a general lighting system (general assembly of machine tools, machines for various purposes, etc.) can be used.

According to the accuracy and complexity of the work performed and the nature of the visual tasks, the assembly rooms can be classified as II-IV categories of work according to the standards. Accordingly, the requirements for the quantitative and qualitative standardized indicators of the OS also change.

In assembly shops, depending on regulatory requirements and building solutions, all types of gas discharge lamps (LL and HLPV), as well as lighting devices with different light distributions, can be used. Consider examples of lighting assembly shops for various purposes.

Example 3 The nodal assembly shop of the machine-building plant is located in a room with a building module 6×18 m, 8 m high. By the nature of the work performed in this shop, there are no requirements for color rendering and there is no reflected gloss. Worktables are located in the workshop in any way (disorganized). Let us consider an OU made by a combined lighting system. Visual work in the workshop belongs to category IIIb; rated illumination 1000 lx. Illumination from general lighting in the workshop at a level of 0.8 m from the floor in the horizontal plane 300 lux (taking into account the need to illuminate differently oriented planes in the work area). Qualitative indicators for this workshop should not exceed: unevenness for installations with LL - 1.5, with HPP - 2; blindness index - 40, ripple coefficient - 15%.

The placement of fixtures is assumed to be uniform throughout the room. Possible OS options that ensure the fulfillment of all regulatory requirements, taking into account a safety factor of 1.5, are presented in Table. 54 and in fig. 39.

Analysis of the options given in table. 54 shows that option 3 is the most effective. If it is impossible to use MGL lamps from the first two options, the first one should be preferred, since it is better in terms of quality indicators (shading of working surfaces, radiation spectrum), and they are equivalent in terms of power consumption (taking into account losses in the PRA). For physiological and hygienic reasons, it is not recommended to use DRL lamps in low rooms to illuminate accurate visual work.

Table 54

Local lighting for this room is selected in accordance with the recommendations of this manual and depending on the length of the desktops and their arrangement.

Example 4 The workshop for assembling large machine tools is located in a one-story building 18 m high with a building module 6×24, with sufficient natural light according to the norms and normal environmental conditions. It is recommended to use a general lighting system with uniform placement of fixtures. Visual work in the workshop belongs to category IIIb. The overall level of illumination in the workshop should be 300 lux with a safety factor of 1.5. For the OS in the premises where the work of this category is carried out, when using the HLVD lamps, the following are regulated: unevenness - no more than 2; blindness index - no more than 40; pulsation coefficient of illumination - no more than 15%.

In this room, DRL and MGL lamps can be used as a light source. Of the OS options, the ones given in Table 1 are selected as optimal for these light sources. 55 and in fig. 40 options that meet regulatory requirements for all lighting indicators.

The analysis indicated in the table. 55 options shows that in terms of capital costs, option 2 exceeds the first by 5%, and in terms of operating costs, it is more economical by about 15%; in terms of annual costs, they are almost equal. Electricity consumption in option 2 is less than in the first one by about 45%. Thus, preference should be given to op amps with MGL lamps. The given technical and economic analysis should be specified when using (options, taking into account the prices for products in force in a given period of time.

Table 55

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Industrial lighting and its design at industrial and manufacturing enterprises is a complex task and requires maximum concentration from the project developer. However, in addition to applying general design principles, industrial lighting also requires taking into account a number of features when choosing lighting equipment and its locations.

Oshurkova E. S.
Technical consultant of BL TRADE LLC

In general, an industrial lighting designer needs to study the requirements of a fairly large package of existing standards and GOSTs, both general and specific. At the moment, those for industrial premises are:

1. SP52.13330.2011 (updated version of SNiP 23-05-95), set of rules "Natural and artificial lighting";
2. SP 2.2.1.1312-03, sanitary and epidemiological rules "Hygienic requirements for the design of newly built and reconstructed industrial enterprises";
3. MGSN 2.06-99, “Moscow city building codes. Natural, artificial and combined lighting”;
4. PUE, Rules for the installation of electrical installations;
5. GOST 15597-82 “Lamps for industrial buildings. General technical conditions”;
6. Industry standards (if any).

The first step in designing the lighting of a production facility is to determine the category of visual work performed. Further, depending on the type of lighting system - general or combined (general + local) - the required horizontal illumination on the working surface, the maximum glare index and the luminance pulsation coefficient are determined.

The next step is the choice of a light source - both in terms of quantitative lighting characteristics (luminous flux, power consumption, luminous efficiency), and in terms of quality (spectral characteristics, color rendering index). Clause 7.3 of SP 2.2.1.1312-03 states: "For artificial lighting, energy-efficient light sources should be used, giving preference, with equal power, to light sources with the highest luminous efficiency and service life." Paragraph 10.12 of the same document states: “When designing lighting installations in rooms designed to perform visual work with a high requirement for color discrimination, one should choose light sources with a high color rendering index (70 units ? Ra ? 90 units): gas-discharge light sources or white LEDs with a correlated color temperature of 3500°K to 6000°K.”

industrial lighting

GALAD's range of industrial luminaires includes the ZhSP/GSP51 model, which has already become a "classic". In this lamp, in addition to a mobile cartridge that allows you to adjust the light distribution and "customize" it to a specific object, there is another useful feature: a universal mount. It allows you to equally easily mount the lamp on a cable, pipe or hook, which greatly expands the possibilities of its application.

Access to fixtures for repair and maintenance

The rooms in which you will design industrial lighting can have a very different configuration: from a watchmaker's shop (a small room) to a metal-rolling shop (a huge hangar). And in any case, personnel must be able to clean the lighting fixtures and, if necessary, carry out replacement or repair.

In a large workshop there may be a beam crane. If the beam crane has an operator's cabin (and not radio-controlled), then it can be used to service lamps from the cab roof. Otherwise, with a ceiling height of more than 5 m, it is necessary to use special devices (towers, tours, etc.), and carry out maintenance of fixtures according to the category of high-altitude work in compliance with appropriate measures.

In some cases, in the absence of a crane beam or other convenient option for accessing lighting equipment, it may be beneficial to use LED lamps. For example, in a room with high ceilings, but with low pollution, where frequent cleaning is not required. LED luminaires have a long service life, they do not require replacement of lamps, therefore, when designing industrial lighting, it should be taken into account that the number of maintenance operations can be reduced.

Industrial lighting: environmental conditions

Depending on the work performed in the workshop, there can be extremely diverse climatic conditions. High (or vice versa, very low) air temperature, humidity, chemical fumes of acids or salts, heavy contamination with dust or particles of raw materials used in the production (paper, fabric, sawdust, etc.) - all these factors can extremely adversely affect the "unprepared" for such a life of a lamp.

Therefore, when choosing lighting fixtures for industrial workshop lighting, it is important to pay attention to their design and degree of protection. The luminaire must be protected from the ingress of small particles and water, have an appropriate climatic design, and the materials from which the body and fittings are made, in case of a particularly aggressive environment in the room, must be resistant to it.

For example, in the medium-sized workshop of EvrazService-Sibir LLC, industrial lighting was made using GALAD ZHSP51-400-011 lamps. The body of the luminaire is made of aluminum and is resistant to oxidation and corrosion, the protective glass is tempered silicate heat-resistant glass, it is possible to complete it with a nickel-plated steel protective grille to prevent mechanical damage to the luminaire.

Industrial lighting: features of electrical networks

When using LED luminaires in a project, it is also necessary to pay attention to the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the power supplies (PS) of the LEDs that make up the luminaire. GOST R 53390-2009 “Electromagnetic compatibility of technical means. Low voltage DC power supplies. Requirements and test methods”, establishes EMC requirements for power supplies with DC output voltage up to 200 V and power up to 30 kW, connected to AC and DC voltage sources up to 600 V. Obviously, the vast majority of power supplies for LEDs fall under these requirements. The key point in this GOST is the fact that there are two different norms of industrial interference for power supplies:

6.1.1 Standards for industrial radio interference class B.

Power supplies that comply with industrial radio interference class B are referred to as Class B Equipment. Class B equipment is intended for use in residential areas. Class B industrial radio interference regulations also apply to power supplies installed in commercial areas and industrial areas with low power consumption, if the equipment is directly connected to public distribution networks that are connected to residential buildings.

6.1.2 Class A industrial radio interference limits.

Class A power supplies are classified as class A equipment. Class A equipment is intended for installation in commercial areas, industrial areas with low power consumption, and industrial areas where the equipment is not connected directly to public distribution networks, to which connected residential buildings.

Class B standards are much stricter than class A standards. Therefore, if class A equipment (a luminaire with the corresponding IP) is installed in production areas intended for class B machines and apparatus, it can create industrial radio interference and disrupt their operation. If the project already includes luminaires of the wrong class, measures can be taken to reduce interference. For example, external filter elements may be installed. However, in order to avoid additional difficulties, attention should be paid in advance to the class of equipment included in the project. This is not difficult, given that Class A equipment has a warning label.

The second important aspect of the use of LED lamps in industrial premises is the need to take into account significant sharp fluctuations in the supply voltage, as well as microsecond impulse noise as a result of switching powerful equipment. The presence of such transients can cause reverse current in the LEDs, which will adversely affect their life, or even lead to their failure. In this regard, manufacturers of power supplies for LEDs often provide recommendations on the use of power supplies as part of a luminaire, aimed at minimizing the effect of transients in the network on the LED load. You should check with the manufacturer what measures are taken in the luminaire to eliminate the possibility of LED reverse current flow.

When designing industrial lighting of any object, specialists are forced to find a balance between the quality of the result and the cost of equipment. But it is precisely in the case of industrial premises that this balance should undoubtedly be shifted towards quality. After all, the failure of the elements of the lighting system can result in significant losses - equipment downtime, especially at large enterprises and factories, costs very large sums. It is not worth saving time and money on lighting calculations and the choice of equipment - a well-thought-out project (taking into account, among other things, the above points) will provide the customer with a reliable and efficient lighting system