Presentation on political science on the topic of political parties. Political parties in modern Russia. Types of political parties

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The purpose of the lesson: to determine the role of political parties in the life of society, the state and the individual.

1 - the stage of the existence of parties as aristocratic groupings; 2 - stage of existence of parties as political clubs; 3 - stage of modern mass parties.

1. The need to form bodies for representing interests in the structures of power (parliamentary party) 2. Distribution and universalization of voting rights (electoral party) 3. Continuity in relation to pre-existing political organizations (party of external origin)

A party is an organization, that is, a fairly long-term association of people. The presence of sustainable local organizations that maintain regular links with national leadership. The goal of the party is the conquest and exercise of power. Securing popular support, from voting to active party membership. The party is the bearer of a certain ideology and worldview.

develop the party's goal in the form of 3 program slogans; select the name of the party in accordance with the selected position; will determine the type of its party and leader, indicating the selection criteria.

§22 using the typology table of political parties to classify parties Russian Federation(United Russia, Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, Just Russia, Apple, ROT Front)

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Political parties in the political system of society

Presentation of a lesson in 11th grade social studies. Lesson objectives: Educational: To form in students an idea of ​​what a party is. Show the signs and role of political parties...

Social studies lesson in 10th grade “Democratic elections and political parties.”

Social studies lesson in 10th grade “Democratic elections and political parties.” Textbook: “Social studies. 10th grade" (authors L.N. Bogolyubova, Yu.I. Averyanova and others - M.: Education, 2008 Lesson...

The purpose of the lesson: to familiarize with the features of the structure of a political party, the programs of the leading political parties of the Russian Federation (“United Russia”, “Communist Party of the Russian Federation”, “LDPR”), to develop the ability to implement...

Political party – A political party is a public association created by citizens on the basis of common political views with the aim of participating in government. Each party presents its own political program, charter and symbols. Each party presents its own political program, charter and symbols. As a rule, any citizen of the state can join one or another party at will.

Signs of political parties Organization, i.e. a relatively long-term association of people. The existence of sustainable local organizations that maintain regular links with national leadership. The goals of the party are the conquest and exercise of power. The desire to secure the support of the people through elections or other means. The party is the bearer of a certain ideology and worldview.

Functions of political parties Representation of interests social groups and layers of society. The struggle for state power political leadership. Ideological activity aimed at the production of ideas and political socialization of the individual. Development and implementation of policy. Organizational activities for the selection and placement of personnel in the party and in state and public organizations). Ensuring connections between the masses and government agencies, institutionalizing the political participation of citizens. Integration (smoothing out conflicts, coordinating the interests of contending forces, political stabilization of society).

United Russia - United Russia is the ruling party that fully supports the policies of the president and the government. Created in 2001 by combining three parties: Unity, Fatherland and All Russia. At the moment it is the largest party in the country, with more than a million members. This is explained not only by the political course of the party, but also by the support that authorities at all levels provide to its members. The chairman of the party is Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. Co-chairs: Boris Vyacheslavovich Gryzlov, Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov, Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu, Mintimer Sharipovich Shaimiev. The symbol of the party is a polar bear. the ruling party that fully supports the policies of the president and the government. Created in 2001 by combining three parties: Unity, Fatherland and All Russia. At the moment it is the largest party in the country, with more than a million members. This is explained not only by the political course of the party, but also by the support that authorities at all levels provide to its members. The chairman of the party is Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. Co-chairs: Boris Vyacheslavovich Gryzlov, Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov, Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu, Mintimer Sharipovich Shaimiev. The symbol of the party is a polar bear. Colors are white and blue. Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin was born on October 7, 1952 in Leningrad. The parents of the future president of Russia were born in the Tver region. Vladimir Vladimirovich’s grandfather worked as a cook first for Vladimir Lenin and then for Joseph Stalin. The president's father (Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin) was a party worker, participated in the Great Patriotic War and then worked at a factory. By unofficial versions Vladimir Spiridonovich Putin was an employee of the NKVD-KGB. Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov was born on September 21, 1936 in Moscow. After graduating from school, he entered the Moscow Institute of Petrochemical and Gas Industry, which he successfully graduated in 1958. Since 1992, Yuri Mikhailovich has remained the permanent mayor of Moscow. In all elections he receives at least ninety percent of the votes. Sergei Kozhugetovich Shoigu – Minister of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense Affairs, emergency situations and Disaster Management, Army General.

Communist Party Russian Federation - The Communist Party of the Russian Federation is a pronounced opposition party that expresses disagreement with the main directions of the policy of the current government. The party's course basically coincides with the course of the CPSU, but takes into account the current situation in the country. Created in 1993 on the basis of the CPSU. Currently there are about 550 thousand members. The head of the party is Gennady Andreevich Zyuganov. Party symbols are sickle, hammer and book. Colors are red. a clear opposition party expressing disagreement with the main directions of the current government’s policies. The party's course basically coincides with the course of the CPSU, but takes into account the current situation in the country. Created in 1993 on the basis of the CPSU. Currently there are about 550 thousand members. The head of the party is Gennady Andreevich Zyuganov. Party symbols are sickle, hammer and book. Colors are red. On presidential elections in 1996, Gennady Zyuganov nominated himself and received 31.96 percent of the votes in the first round. In the second round he managed to score over forty percent. Gennady Andreevich Zyuganov is the chairman of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF), the leader of Thrace in the State Duma, and a famous Russian political figure. Born on June 26, 1944 in the village of Mymrino, Oryol region.

LDPR (Liberal Democratic Party of Russia) - LDPR (Liberal Democratic Party of Russia) is a radical party that advocates a strong state, to which the interests of all its citizens should be subordinated. a radical party advocating a strong state, to which the interests of all its citizens should be subordinated. Despite criticism of the situation in the country, he basically supports the course of the president and the government. Formed in 1989. The LDPR is popular mainly thanks to its leader Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky, which is why political scientists often call it a party of one man. He is essentially its symbol. The colors are blue. Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky is a Russian politician, leader of the LDPR political party. Born on April 25, 1946 in Almaty. Political career Zhirinovsky begins in 1991, when the future oppositionist created and registered the Liberal Democratic Party of the USSR. As party leader Vladimir Zhirinovsky was opposed to disbandment Soviet Union, for which he received the support of the people in the elections. The electorate fell in love with a politician who is not afraid to say out loud what he thinks, to point out to his face the mistakes of his colleagues and the president himself. Zhirinovsky failed to become president, although he took third place in the elections, gaining eight percent of the vote.

A Just Russia A Just Russia is a party advocating social and legal equality of citizens, the responsibility of the state to citizens and greater degree participation of the latter in governing the country. Supports the policies of President V.V. Putin. Formed in 2006 by combining three parties: “Motherland”, “Russian Party of Pensioners” and “Russian Party of Life”. a party that advocates social and legal equality of citizens, the responsibility of the state to citizens and a greater degree of participation of the latter in governing the country. Supports the policies of President V.V. Putin. Formed in 2006 by combining three parties: “Motherland”, “Russian Party of Pensioners” and “Russian Party of Life”. Party symbol Russian flag with a wide red stripe on which there is the inscription: “A Just Russia”, and below the inscription: “Motherland. Pensioners. Life".

Valeria Ilyinichna Novodvorskaya – Russian socio-political activist, participant in the dissident movement in the USSR in the late seventies and early eighties. One of the most scandalous female politicians of our time. Founder and Chairman of the right-liberal party "Democratic Union"

In 1995, Khakamada was elected chairman of the Central Council of the All-Russian political public organization “Common Cause”. She remained in this post until 2000, when she moved to the position of deputy chairman of the Union of Right Forces party. In the summer of 2000, she became the head of the St. Petersburg branch of the Union of Right Forces party. In 1995, the American Time magazine named Irina Khakamada a politician of the twenty-first century; in addition, she was included in the hundred most famous women in the world, according to a sociological survey. For two years in a row (1997 and 1998), Irina Khakamada held the title “Woman of the Year”. Irina Mutsuovna Khakamada – Former co-chairman of the Union of Right Forces, former leader of the “Our Choice” party, famous Russian politician, State Duma deputy Federal Assembly Russian Federation.

In 1999, the Union of Right Forces electoral bloc nominated Nemtsov as a State Duma deputy. His candidacy was approved in December. A year later, Boris Efimovich becomes deputy chairman of the State Duma. Since 2000, Nemtsov has been chairman of the Federal Political Council of the Union of Right Forces party. Boris Efimovich Nemtsov - Member of the Federal Political Council, a famous Russian politician. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Awarded the medal "For Services to the Fatherland"

Starovoytova's political career dates back to 1989, when she was elected people's deputy of the USSR. In 1990, Galina Vasilievna became a member of the Human Rights Committee of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation. A year later, she was appointed advisor to the President of Russia on interethnic relations. In the winter of 1992 she was dismissed. In 1995, Galina Starovoitova ran for the State Duma. Together with L. Ponomarev and G. Yakunin, he heads the association “Democratic Russia - Free Trade Unions”. In 1996, Galina Vasilievna received membership in the State Duma Committee on Affairs of Public Associations and Religious Organizations. In 1998, she chaired the federal party “Democratic Russia”. Galina Vasilievna Starovoitova is a Russian political and statesman, ethnosociologist, specialist in the field of interethnic relations. On November 20, 1998, she was killed in the entrance of her house in St. Petersburg.

Vladislav Nikolaevich Listyev – journalist, first CEO Public Russian Television, artistic director and presenter of the popular programs “Vzglyad”, “Field of Miracles”, “Theme”, “Rush Hour” and many others. On March 1, 1995, he was killed in the entrance of his own house. Journalist of the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper Dmitry Yuryevich Kholodov was born on June 21, 1967 in the city of Sergiev Posad. D. Yu. Kholodov grew up in the town of Klimovsk near Moscow, studied at school 5, which today bears his name. He worked as a war correspondent for the newspaper Moskovsky Komsomolets, engaged in investigative journalism, and wrote about violations in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Alexander Ivanovich Lebed - born on April 20, 1950 into a working-class family in the city of Novocherkassk. Lieutenant General, Governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Deputy State Duma, political figure. He has awards: the order of the “Combat Red Banner”, the “Red Star” - for Afghanistan, “For Service to the Motherland” 2nd and 3rd degree, the cross “For the Defense of Transnistria”, numerous medals. In the spring of 1998, Alexander Ivanovich participated in the elections for the post of governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and won. At the end of April 2002, General Lebed, the governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, died as a result of a plane crash. The plane in which the governor was flying crashed.

RULING PARTIES ARE THOSE PARTIES THAT ARE IN POWER RULING PARTIES ARE THOSE PARTIES THAT ARE IN POWER OPPOSITIONAL PARTIES ARE THOSE PARTIES THAT ARE NOT IN POWER AND HAVE THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF CONQUERING POWER: LEGAL, ILLEGAL OPPOSITION PARTIES ARE THOSE PARTIES THAT ARE NOT THEY ARE IN POWER AND HAVE THE MAIN OBJECTIVE - TO CONQUER POWER: LEGAL, ILLEGAL

REFORMIST - STRIVES FOR GRADUAL TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIETY USING LEGAL MEANS OF INFLUENCE ON AUTHORITY AND LEGAL MEANS OF ACHIEVEMENT OF POWER REVOLUTIONARY - STRIVES FOR TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIETY USING MEANS OF STRUGGLE WHICH, FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE EXISTING STATE AND POLITICAL REGIME, ARE ILLEGAL. CONSERVATIVE - FOCUSED ON THE DEPARTMENT OF THE ECONOMY AND ON MINIMIZING THE STATE'S PARTICIPATION IN THE LIFE OF SOCIETY.

INSTITUTIONAL COMPONENT OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM

STATE

POLITICAL PARTIES AND MOVEMENTS

THE CONCEPT OF POLITICAL PARTY AND MOVEMENT

LIBERAL TRADITION

The party acts as a group based on ideological ties.

MARXIST TRADITION

The party is the representative of class interests.

MODERN WESTERN SCIENCE

A party is defined as one of the institutions of the political system.

A political party (from the Latin “partio” - part, cause) is a voluntary union of citizens, bound by an ideological community, striving to possess political power, or to participate in the exercise of power in the state. SIGNS OF A POLITICAL PARTY

• A certain ideology, a system of common values ​​and norms (reflected in the program).
• An organization is a relatively long-term voluntary association of people (reflected in the charter).
• The party’s focus is on realizing through the state the interests of those social groups that it expresses.
• The party's desire to secure voter support (achieved through the election program).

POLITICAL PARTY STRUCTURE

FIRST LEVEL:

Voter bloc, mass base

providing support to candidates for

election campaign period

SECOND LEVEL:

Official party organization (party leaders, party bureaucracy, party ideologists, party activists)

THIRD LEVEL:

Party in the system of government (officials in the state apparatus)

A political movement is the solidarity activity of citizens aimed at achieving some significant political goal.

THE CONCEPT OF A POLITICAL MOVEMENT

The characteristic features of public organizations are the following:

• Public organizations do not have power relations and cannot make binding decisions and demand their implementation.
• They do not aim to seize state power, but their activities can acquire a political character.
• These are voluntary organizations of citizens that arose on their initiative.
• The state does not interfere in their activities, but regulates them in accordance with current legislation.

POLITICAL MOVEMENTS IN RUSSIA

Slavic Union

Black Hundred

Piggy vs.

Green Planet

Solidarity

Mediation - representation of interests

social groups and layers of society

The struggle for power - participation in elections

campaigns, participation in the formation of bodies

state power

Ideological – development and implementation

party program, propaganda of one’s ideas

Integration - smoothing out conflicts,

coordinating the interests of the contending forces,

political stabilization of society

FUNCTIONS OF POLITICAL PARTIES

Communication - ensuring communication between the masses and

government agencies,

institutionalization of political participation of citizens

Political Recruitment - Replenishment

party with new members and formation

political elite

Regulatory - development, application and

implementation of relationship rules

political institutions (party coalitions,

unions and blocs)

Political socialization of the individual

1. IN RELATION TO AUTHORITY:

RULING – OPPOSITION

2. IN RELATION TO THE LAW:

LEGAL – ILLEGAL

3. BY IDEOLOGICAL ORIENTATION:

MONARCHICAL, CONSERVATIVE, LIBERAL, SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC, SOCIALIST, CLERICAL, COMMUNIST, FASCIST, NATIONALIST

TYPOLOGY OF POLITICAL PARTIES

PERSONNEL PARTS

• few
• free membership
• rely on professional politicians and the financial elite
• carry out activities only during the election period
• supported by wealthy sponsors

Cadre parties emerged

in the XVII – XVIII centuries. and had an elitist character (Tories and Whigs in England, parties in the USA)

TYPOLOGY OF POLITICAL PARTIES

4. BY TYPE OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE:

MASS PARTIES

• numerous
• fixed membership
• strict discipline
• primary

party organizations

• activism among the masses
• financing from membership fees

Mass parties were born

at the end of the 19th century (German Social Democracy 1891)

TYPOLOGY OF POLITICAL PARTIES

5. BY PLACE ON THE SCALE OF THE PARTY SPECTRUM:

TYPOLOGY OF POLITICAL PARTIES

6. BY METHODS OF ACTION:

REFORMIST - REVOLUTIONARY

Meeting of the activists of the Cadet Party. February 1907

Members of the RSDLP (b).

April 1906

TYPES OF PARTY RELATIONS

Party coalition - association of P.P. to achieve political goals.

Party faction - part of the P.P., putting forward its own program, different from the general party program

Parliamentary faction – a group of deputies

parliament, members

one P.P., who

pursues the policy of P.P.

In the 2014 parliamentary elections in Australia, the coalition of the Liberal and National parties won.

TYPES OF PARTY SYSTEMS

Party system - stable connections and relationships of political parties of various types with each other, as well as with the state and other political institutions

• Non-partisan
• One-party
• Bipartisan
• Multi-party

NON-PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEM

In a non-party system, either there are no officially registered political parties, or the law prohibits the emergence of the latter.

In non-partisan elections, each candidate speaks for himself and is thus a bright and independent politician.

ABSOLUTE MONARCHIES

Oman

DIRECT BAN ON PARTS

Jordan

Ghana

SINGLE PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEM

• one leading party;
• merger of the party and

states

• characteristic of totalitarian and authoritarian regimes

Communist Party of China

Communist Party of Cuba

Workers' Party of Korea

Pyongyang honors the Workers' Party of Korea on its 65th anniversary

RULING PARTY SYSTEM

A dominant party system is a party system in which only one party has real political power, having a qualified majority in parliament and forming the government on its own or (in some cases) as part of a ruling coalition.

Republican Party of Armenia

National Front of Malaysia

People's Action Party of Singapore

TWO-PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEM

• two strong parties "exchange" power between these parties
• other parties do not have power majoritarian system

Jamaica

Great Britain

US Republican Party US Democratic Party

MULTI-PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEM

• many parties, none of which has advantages over others
• competition between parties
• Proportional electoral system
• there are party blocs and associations

Netherlands

Belgium

Czech

Permanent coalition instability leading to frequent dissolution of the legislature

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND MOVEMENTS

• Election campaigns are built less and less on ideologies, and more and more on the “topic of the day” and populism.
• In the public consciousness there is no connection between real power and parties.
• For elites, ideologues and parties are instruments of dominance. The population is politically illiterate, and paternalistic sentiments still prevail.
• Parties based on classical ideologies have little prospects - the electorate is less than 15%.

POLITICAL CHANGES IN THE EARLY 21st CENTURY

POLITICAL MOVEMENTS

POLITICAL PARTIES

• The erosion of social class orientations
• Decrease in the mass of parties
• Growing voter distrust

• There are millions of people
• Have a powerful influence on international relationships and internal political processes

UNITED RUSSIA PARTY

The ruling party fully supports the policies of the president and the government. Created in 2001 by uniting three parties: Unity, Fatherland and All Russia. At the moment it is the largest party in the country, with more than a million members. The chairman of the party is D.A. Medvedev. Co-chairs – B.V. Gryzlov, Shoigu S.K., Shaimiev M.Sh.

COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE RF

A clear opposition party that expresses disagreement with the main directions of the current government’s policies. The party's course basically coincides with the course of the CPSU, but takes into account the current situation in the country. Created in 1993 on the basis of the CPSU. Currently there are about 550 thousand members. The head of the party is G.A. Zyuganov.

LIBERAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF RUSSIA

A radical party that advocates a strong state, to which the interests of all its citizens should be subordinated. Despite criticism, he basically supports the course of the president and the government. Formed in 1989, the LDPR is popular mainly thanks to its leader V.V. Zhirinovsky, therefore, is often called by political scientists a party of one person. .

A JUST RUSSIA

A party that advocates social and legal equality of citizens, the responsibility of the state to citizens and a greater degree of participation of the latter in governing the country.

Supports the policies of President V.V. Putin.

Formed in 2006 by combining three parties: “Motherland”, “Russian Party of Pensioners” and “Russian Party of Life”.

Political parties

Political Party- an organized group of like-minded people expressing the interests of certain social strata and striving to gain state power or participate in its implementation.

Working with the textbook page 68

Signs of a political party

Party program

Party charter

Governing bodies

The struggle for power in the state

An extensive network of primary local organizations

Functions of a political party

Political

Representative

Electoral

Socialization

Recruitment

Party system– the totality of relations between political parties operating in the country.

Main types of party systems

One-party

Bipartisan

Characteristic

Multi-party

Power is exercised by one party

One of the two big parties is in power

Examples of modern states

Several influential parties are vying for power and collecting significant numbers of votes

China, North Korea, Cuba

UK, USA

Russia, Spain, France

Constitution of the Russian Federation

Article 13

1. Ideological diversity is recognized in the Russian Federation.

2. No ideology can be established as state or mandatory.

3. The Russian Federation recognizes political diversity, multi-party system.

4. Public associations are equal before the law.

5. The creation and activities of public associations whose goals or actions are aimed at violently changing the foundations of the constitutional order and violating the integrity of the Russian Federation, undermining the security of the state, creating armed groups, inciting social, racial, national and religious hatred is prohibited.

United Russia

The ruling party fully supports the policies of the president and the government.

Created in 2001 by uniting three parties: Unity, Fatherland and All Russia. At the moment it is the largest party in the country, with more than a million members. This is explained not only by the political course of the party, but also by the support that authorities at all levels provide to its members. The chairman of the party is D.A. Medvedev.

The symbol of the party is a polar bear.

Communist Party of the Russian Federation

A clear opposition party that expresses disagreement with the main directions of the current government’s policies. The party's course basically coincides with the course of the CPSU, but takes into account the current situation in the country. Created in 1993 on the basis of the CPSU. Currently there are about 550 thousand members. The head of the party is Gennady Andreevich Zyuganov.

Party symbols are sickle, hammer and book.

Liberal Democratic Party of Russia

A radical party that advocates a strong state, to which the interests of all its citizens should be subordinated.

Despite criticism of the situation in the country, he basically supports the course of the president and the government.

Formed in 1989, the LDPR is popular mainly thanks to its leader V.V. Zhirinovsky, therefore, is often called by political scientists a party of one person. He is essentially its symbol.

Classification of political parties

Basis of classification

Types of political parties

according to the way the party is organized

Parliamentary

in relation to power

Massive

Ruling

by membership type

in relation to society

Open

Opposition

Closed

Revolutionary

by type of political program

Reformist

Conservative

Reactionary

Centrist

Organization N, which unites supporters of strengthening the role of the state in the economic life of society, is preparing to take part in the upcoming parliamentary elections. The organization has a clear organizational structure, enshrined in the charter. This organization is

• Political Party
• state machine
• trade union
• public organization

Are the judgments about political parties correct?

A. The political party seeks to participate in the implementation

B. A political party unites a group of like-minded people expressing the interests of certain social forces.

• only A is correct
• only B is correct
• both judgments are correct
• both judgments are wrong

Are the following judgments about multipartyism true?

A. The activity in a country of several political parties competing for votes is called multi-partyism.

B. A multi-party system makes it possible to take into account the interests of many social groups.

• only A is correct
• only B is correct
• both judgments are correct
• both judgments are wrong

Used Books:

1) Social studies. A complete guide to preparing for the OGE. 9th grade Baranov P.A.

2) oge.sdamgia.ru - I will solve the OGE social studies

3) Constitution of the Russian Federation

4) http:// minjust.ru- List of registered political parties.

Municipal educational institution Lyceum No. 10 named after. DI. MENDELEEV POLITICAL PARTIES. PARTY SYSTEM IN MODERN RUSSIA AUTHOR: TEACHER OF HISTORY AND SOCIAL STUDIES, Municipal Educational Institution LYCEUM No. 10 Im. DI. MENDELEEVA NIKITINA L.N. Klin 2008-2009

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LESSON OBJECTIVES: Acquaintance with the TYPES, SIGNS, FUNCTIONS AND CLASSIFICATIONS OF POLITICAL PARTIES. WITH THE STAGES OF THE FORMATION OF MULTIPARTY PARTY IN THE RF. FORMATION OF SOCIAL COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS - CITIZENS, VOTERS, ETC. CULTIVATING A SENSE OF RESPECT FOR YOUR STATE.

Slide 3

TYPES OF POLITICAL SYSTEMS

Slide 4

 A political party is a public association created by citizens on the basis of common political views with the aim of participating in government. Each party presents its own political program, charter and symbols. As a rule, any citizen of the state can join one or another party at will.

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Characteristics of political parties      Organization, i.e. a relatively long-term association of people. The existence of sustainable local organizations that maintain regular links with national leadership. The goals of the party are the conquest and exercise of power. The desire to secure the support of the people through elections or other means. The party is the bearer of a certain

Slide 6

Functions of political parties Representation of the interests of social groups and sectors of society.  The struggle for possession of state power, for political leadership.  Ideological activity aimed at the production of ideas and political socialization of the individual.  Policy development and implementation.  Organizational activities for the selection and placement of personnel in the party and in state and public organizations).  Ensuring connections between the masses and government agencies, institutionalizing the political participation of citizens.  Integration (smoothing out conflicts, coordinating the interests of the contending forces, 

Slide 7

CLASSIFICATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES

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MAIN STAGES IN THE FORMATION OF MULTIPARTY PARTY IN RUSSIA Chronology Main parties Contents of the stage Boundary of the 19th-20th centuries. RSDLP, Socialist Revolutionary Party (Socialist Revolutionaries) Act underground, illegally. Goal: end autocracy. 19051907 Party of Constitutional Democrats (Cadets), "Union of October 17", Socialist Revolutionaries, RSDLP, "Union of the Russian People" Formation of a multi-party system on a legal basis. Participation of parties in the election campaign to the State Duma. 19171920 Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) RCP(b), left Socialist Revolutionaries, Mensheviks Preservation of a multi-party system 1920- RCP(b)-Russian Communist Monopoly on power from the party

Slide 9

19771988 CPSU One-party system in the USSR. 6 tbsp. Constitution of the USSR 1977 on the leadership and guiding role of the CPSU 1988-1991. CPSU, Movement of Democratic Reforms, Democratic Party of Russia, “Democratic Russia”, LDPR and others. The origins of the main political parties. Cancellation of Art. 6 Constitution of the USSR - the end of the monopoly of the CPSU (1990) Law “On Public Associations”. Reform of the CPSU 1991-1993 “Civil Union”, “Democratic Choice”, Communist Party of the Russian Federation, LDPR, Agrarian Party, “Choice of Russia” Collapse of the CPSU. Adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which enshrined multi-party system as a constitutional principle (Article 13). Turn of the XXXXI centuries. “United Russia”, Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Liberal Democratic Party of Russia, “A Just Russia”, “Yabloko” Adoption of the “Law on Political Parties” (2001) Disengagement of political forces, struggle over the essence, directions and pace of reforms in Russia.

Slide 10

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 Vladimir Vladimirovich Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov Sergei Kozhugetovich Putin was born on October 7, 1936 1952 was born on September 21 Shoigu - in Leningrad. Parents of the Year in Moscow. After the future Russian president, the Russian minister graduated from school and was born in the Tver region. Federation on affairs entered the Moscow Vladimir's Grandfather Institute of Petrochemicals Vladimirovich worked as a civil and gas cook, first for Vladimir of Defense, Lenin and then for Joseph of Industry, who was Stalin's emergency. The president's father successfully graduated in 1958 (Vladimir Spiridonovich situations year. Since 1992 and Yuri Putin) was a party Mikhailovich remains a liquidation worker, participated in the permanent mayor of the Great Patriotic War, the consequences of Moscow. During all the elections and then worked at the factory. According to spontaneous events, he accumulates disasters, not less unofficial versions, Vladimir Spiridonovich Army General. ninety percent United Russia is the ruling party that fully supports the policies of the president and the government. Created in 2001 by combining three parties: Unity, Fatherland and All Russia. At the moment it is the largest party in the country, with more than a million members. This is explained not only by the political course of the party, but also by the support that authorities at all levels provide to its members. The chairman of the party is Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. Co-chairs: Boris Vyacheslavovich Gryzlov, Yuri Mikhailovich Luzhkov, Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu, Mintimer Sharipovich Shaimiev. The symbol of the party is a polar bear. Colors are white and blue.

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 Gennady Andreevich Zyuganov - chairman of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF), leader of Thrace in the State Duma, well-known Russian political figure. Born on June 26, 1944 in the village of Mymrino. The Communist Party of the Russian Federation is a pronounced opposition party expressing disagreement with the main directions of the policy of the current government. The party's course basically coincides with the course of the CPSU, but takes into account the current situation in the country. Created in 1993 on the basis of the CPSU. Currently there are about 550 thousand members. The head of the party is Gennady Andreevich Zyuganov. Party symbols are sickle, hammer and book. Colors are red. In the presidential elections in 1996, Gennady Zyuganov nominated himself and received 31.96 percent of the votes in the first round. In the second round he managed to score over forty percent.

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LDPR (Liberal Democratic Party of Russia) –  Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky is a Russian politician, leader of the LDPR political party. Born on April 25, 1946 in Alma-Ata. a radical party advocating a strong state, to which the interests of all its citizens should be subordinated. Despite criticism of the situation in the country, he basically supports the course of the president and the government. Formed in 1989. The LDPR is popular mainly thanks to its leader Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky, which is why political scientists often call it a party of one man. He is essentially its symbol. The colors are blue. Zhirinovsky's political career begins in 1991, when the future oppositionist created and registered the Liberal Democratic Party of the USSR. As the leader of the party, Vladimir Zhirinovsky was opposed to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, for which he received the support of the people in the elections. The electorate fell in love with a politician who is not afraid to say out loud what he thinks, to point out to his face the mistakes of his colleagues and the president himself. Zhirinovsky failed to become president, although he took third place in the elections,

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A Just Russia The symbol of the party is a Russian flag with a wide red stripe, on which there is the inscription: “A Just Russia”, and below the inscription: “Motherland. Pensioners. Life". a party that advocates social and legal equality of citizens, the responsibility of the state to citizens and a greater degree of participation of the latter in governing the country. Supports the policies of President V.V. Putin. Formed in 2006 by combining three parties: “Motherland”, “Russian Party of Pensioners” and “Russian Party of Life”.

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FAMOUS RUSSIAN POLITICIANS Grigory Alekseevich Yavlinsky – Deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the State Duma faction “Yabloko”, Chairman of the all-Russian public political organization “Union Yabloko”

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Valeria Ilyinichna Novodvorskaya is a Russian public political figure, participant in the dissident movement in the USSR in the late seventies and early eighties. One of the most scandalous female politicians of our time. Founder and Chairman of the right-wing liberal party "Democratic Union"

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In 1995, Khakamada was elected chairman of the Central Council of the All-Russian political public organization “Common Cause”. She remained in this post until 2000, when she moved to the position of deputy chairman of the Union of Right Forces party. In the summer of 2000, Irina Mutsuovna became the head of the St. Petersburg branch of the Union of Right Forces party. Khakamada - In 1995, the American magazine Former co-chairman of Time named Irina Khakamada of the Union of Right Forces, a former politician of the twenty-first century, leader of the Our Choice party, in addition, she was included in the hundred famous Russian most famous women in the world, politician, deputy according to sociological survey conducted by the State Duma. For two consecutive years of the Federal Assembly (1997 and 1998), Irina Khakamada bore the title of the Russian Federation “Woman of the Year”. .

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Boris Efimovich Nemtsov Member of the Federal Political Council, famous Russian politician. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Awarded the medal "For Services to the Fatherland" In 1999, the electoral bloc "Union of Right Forces" nominated Nemtsov as a State Duma deputy. His candidacy was approved in December. A year later, Boris Efimovich becomes deputy chairman of the State Duma. Since 2000, Nemtsov has been chairman of the Federal Political

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“THOUGH YOU DIED, BUT IN THE SONG OF THE STRONG AND BRAVE IN SPIRIT YOU WILL ALWAYS BE A LIVING EXAMPLE, A PROUD CALL TO FREEDOM, LIGHT!” M. GORKY

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Starovoytova's political career dates back to 1989, when she was elected people's deputy of the USSR. In 1990, Galina Vasilievna became a member of the Human Rights Committee of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation. A year later, she was appointed advisor to the President of Russia on interethnic relations. In the winter of 1992 she was dismissed. In 1995, Galina Starovoitova nominated her candidacy for deputy of the State Duma. Starovoitova - Together with L. Ponomarev and G. Yakunin, the Russian politician and heads the association, statesman, ethnosociologist, specialist in the field of interethnic relations. On November 20, 1998, she was killed in the entrance of her house in St. Petersburg. "Democratic Russia - Free Trade Unions". In 1996, Galina Vasilievna received membership in the State Duma Committee on Affairs of Public Associations and Religious Organizations. In 1998, she chaired the federal party “Democratic Russia”.

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Journalist of the newspaper “Moskovsky Vladislav Nikolaevich Listyev - journalist, first Komsomol member” Dmitry Yuryevich Kholodov was born on June 21, 1967 in the general director of Ivanovich Public Alexander in the Russian city of SergievLebed Posad. D. - Yu. Kholodov was born on April 20, 1950 and grew up in a working-class family in the city of Novocherkassk. Television, in the Moscow region Lieutenant General, governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, deputy of the State Artistic Klimovsk, studied at school No. 5, which is in the Duma, political figure. He has awards: the Order of the “Combat Red Leader” and the presenter today bears his name. He worked for the Banner”, “Red Star” - for Afghanistan, “For Service to the Motherland” of the 2nd and 3rd degree popular programs as a war correspondent in a newspaper, the cross “For the Defense of Transnistria”, numerous medals. “Vzglyad”, “Field of Miracles”, “Moskovsky Komsomolets”, was engaged in the spring, Alexander Ivanovich participates in the elections for the post of “Tema”, “Rush Hour 1998” and many investigative journalists, governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and wins. At the end of April 2002 others. On March 1, 1995, General Swan, the governor of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, died as a result of violations in the Armed Forces, killed at the entrance of a plane crash. The plane in which the RF governor was flying crashed. own home.