There were all signs of pregnancy. All about the signs of pregnancy before the delay and after it. Possible signs of pregnancy

Early diagnosis of pregnancy and determination of its duration is important not only from the point of view of obstetrics, but also due to the fact that the anatomical, physiological and hormonal changes that occur after conception can have a significant impact on the course of extragenital diseases that are in the history of the expectant mother . Establishing the exact gestational age is extremely important for a full examination and adequate management of pregnancy and childbirth. Diagnosis of pregnancy in the early stages can present significant difficulties, since stress, medication and some of the endocrine diseases can mimic the state of pregnancy in terms of symptoms. Currently, due to the widespread introduction of ultrasound diagnostics into obstetric practice, the signs of pregnancy described in classic textbooks on gynecology and obstetrics are no longer so significant. All signs that allow diagnosing pregnancy are divided into presumptive (doubtful), probable and reliable. They can be based on subjective or objective data.

Presumable signs of pregnancy

The presumptive signs of pregnancy include those based on subjective data:

Vomiting or nausea (especially in the morning), changes in appetite or food cravings
Intolerance to certain odors
Violations of the functions of the nervous system (drowsiness, frequent mood changes, dizziness, malaise, irritability)
Frequent urination
Breast engorgement, their hypersensitivity.
Changes in skin pigmentation on the face, in the area of ​​the nipples, along the white line of the abdomen
The appearance of scars (stripes) of pregnancy on the mammary glands, thighs, skin of the abdomen
Enlargement of the abdomen in volume

Probable signs (objective signs determined during examination)

Express pregnancy test

Amenorrhea;
Enlargement of the mammary glands, the appearance of colostrum;
Blueness of the vaginal mucosa and cervix;
Change in the shape, volume, consistency of the uterus;
Enlargement of the uterus from 5-6 weeks, first in the anteroposterior size, then in the transverse;
Horvitz-Hegar symptom: softening of the uterus, especially in the isthmus. With a two-handed examination, the fingers touch in the isthmus without resistance. Characteristic for 6-8 weeks from the last menstruation;
Snegirev's sign: variability in the consistency of the uterus: with mechanical irritation or two-handed examination, the uterus thickens and contracts, then becomes soft again.
Piskacek's sign: in the early stages, there is asymmetry of the uterus, protrusion of one of the corners where the implantation took place. Disappears with time.
The sign of Gubarev and Gauss: in the early stages, there is slight mobility of the neck, which is associated with a significant softening of the isthmus.
Genter's sign: in the early stages, due to softening of the isthmus, there is an inflection of the uterus in front and a ridge-like thickening on the anterior surface of the uterus along the midline. Not always defined

Undoubted (reliable) signs - in the second half of pregnancy

The fetal heartbeat is determined (using an obstetric stethoscope, you can listen to the fetal heartbeats);
sensation of fetal movement (primiparous - at 18-20 weeks, multiparous - at 16-18 weeks;
palpation of large and small parts of the fetus or its movements (starting from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy). During the implementation of palpation of the abdomen with Leopold's techniques (external methods of obstetric examination), the position, position, type, presentation of the fetus and the ratio of the presenting part to the small pelvis are determined.
on the radiograph and echogram, the skeleton of the fetus is determined;

A positive result of immunological pregnancy tests is one of the signs that probably indicates the onset of pregnancy. Determination of the level of the ß-subunit of chorionic gonadotropin in the blood serum makes it possible to diagnose pregnancy several days after embryo implantation.

Reliable or undoubted signs of pregnancy indicate the presence of the fetus in the uterine cavity. The most reliable information for diagnosing pregnancy is obtained based on the results of ultrasound (ultrasound). When conducting a transabdominal scan, pregnancy can be diagnosed for a period of 4-5 weeks, and with transvaginal echography earlier by 3.5-4 weeks. Pregnancy in the early stages is diagnosed on the basis of the determination of the fetal egg, yolk sac, embryo and its heart contractions in the uterine cavity. At a later date, when visualizing the fetus (fetuses). The cardiac activity of the fetus is determined at a period of 5-6 weeks of pregnancy, and motor activity at 7-8 weeks.

The first signs of pregnancy before a delay:

A woman who wants to have a baby looks forward to a miracle every month and wants to know all the most reliable and even not so reliable signs of pregnancy. It can be understood, because it is not just about curiosity, but something much more, and sometimes it is simply impossible to wait for an indefinitely long time (and it lasts forever!)

The role of the central nervous system in pregnancy

Some women in anticipation of a child become very observant and notice all the little things that should speak of pregnancy. If a woman is calm and not prone to exaggeration by her nature, then she can adequately assess these signs. But it also happens that some women are so waiting for the onset of pregnancy that they unwittingly take wishful thinking. Their suggestibility increases so much that some physiological processes in the body actually change in the absence of pregnancy. The disappointment is very great.

There is also such a phenomenon: if a woman is waiting too long for pregnancy, she does not occur, but if she forgets about it or simply comes to the conclusion that there will never be a child and calm down, the desired pregnancy comes. All these facts speak about the huge role that the central nervous system plays in our body.

What signs can indicate pregnancy

Even our great-great-grandmothers knew the main signs of pregnancy. But they are not expressed equally in all women, and some do not notice any initial signs at all, focusing only on the absence of menstruation, a pregnancy test, a doctor's examination and an ultrasound examination. And yet a woman is supposed to know what was known to our distant ancestors. The first signs of pregnancy that appear even before a missed period are:
the appearance of constant fatigue, fatigue, drowsiness, decreased performance:

The appearance of bouts of dizziness, which are accompanied by dizziness, nausea, lack of coordination, and sometimes fainting; this is one of the most common signs of pregnancy;
another sign that occurs in almost all pregnant women is mood volatility (lability); a previously calm woman can, for no reason at all, pounce on her husband and make a scandal, then move on to tears and end the scene with violent remorse and a feeling of extraordinary love for her husband;
increased sensitivity to odors; at the same time, smells that a woman used to consider pleasant (for example, her favorite perfumes) cease to please, and sometimes cause disgust; on the contrary, there is an addiction to unpleasant odors (gasoline, asphalt acetone); but this is not always the case, often an increased sensitivity to smells manifests itself in the fact that a woman cannot stand strong smells or even any smells;
taste changes: food preferences can change dramatically; but this also does not always occur and each woman proceeds in her own way; in addition, a woman may experience a wolfish appetite or, on the contrary, a sharp decrease in appetite;
nausea in the morning - in the first days of pregnancy, this symptom is not so common, however, it also happens that it starts to vomit from the very first day of pregnancy;
incomprehensible sensations in the lower abdomen, including pain; this sign usually appears in sensitive and impressionable women and is most often the fruit of fantasies and self-hypnosis; although the actual presence of some sensations in this area cannot be ruled out;
soreness in the area of ​​​​the mammary glands sometimes occurs from the very first days and is associated with a change in hormonal levels; but in general the mammary glands enlarge and engorge later.

Other early signs of pregnancy (weight gain, frequent urination) usually appear later.

Is it possible to confirm pregnancy before a missed period?

The most accurate guide is the measurement of basal temperature in the rectum daily in the morning, without getting out of bed. Well, if the graph of such a temperature is constantly maintained, then it can be seen that before menstruation, the basal temperature decreases, while when pregnancy occurs, it slightly rises.

The most sensitive pregnancy tests begin to work only after the tenth day of pregnancy, when the fertilized egg enters the uterus and is introduced into its mucous membrane. At the same time, the shell of the egg begins to secrete the pregnancy hormone - human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). It is determined with the help of a pregnancy test.

An obstetrician-gynecologist may notice cyanosis and some softening of the walls of the vagina and cervix.

During an ultrasound examination, the egg is visible after it has penetrated the uterine wall.

The first signs of pregnancy before a missed period can be quite accurate.

Signs of early pregnancy before delay

The first signs of an interesting situation may appear before the delay of menstruation, which means before the test can give a positive result. Most of these signs are associated with the activity of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) - one of the hormones of pregnancy. Although its level at such an early date is still quite low, this is enough for changes to begin in the body, some of which can be seen by external signs.

If, despite the presence of some signs, the test gave a negative result, you may just be in a hurry. Tests that promise to determine pregnancy in the first days after a delay are often wrong, because the amount of hCG is still too low that they could feel it. To get a more accurate result, the delay should be at least one week, so be patient. However, if the test gives a positive result after a couple of days, the error is very unlikely and most likely you are pregnant.

Pregnancy is certainly an exciting, but also a very unusual experience. Many women expect symptoms such as frequent nausea, back pain and fainting from him. But there are other signs - and, probably, expectant mothers do not even assume about some of them.

Nosebleeds and stuffy nose

The nose is far from the uterus, what does it have to do with it? However, epistaxis and stuffy nose are quite common in pregnant women. In most cases, a humidifier, rinsing the nose with saline solution, and proper rest will help to cope with this. If this does not help, seek the advice of a doctor.

Vaginal discharge

Since periods stop around this time, you don't expect heavy vaginal discharge, but many expectant mothers experience it. If they are white or golden in color and have no smell, then everything is fine. If there is a change in color and an unpleasant odor, you need to talk to your doctor.

Insomnia

One of the signs of an interesting situation is severe fatigue and, as a result, drowsiness. Often this is true, but some pregnant women suffer from insomnia. Taking sleeping pills is strongly discouraged. Regular exercise, outdoor activities, cutting down on caffeine, and learning stress-reduction techniques all contribute to deep, healthy sleep.

Increased gas formation

Pregnancy hormones greatly affect everything in your body, including digestion. Bloating, belching and flatulence are common for expectant mothers. Try limiting your gas-producing foods (such as legumes, although you shouldn't cut them out completely) and drink more water.

And most importantly, do not worry too much about these symptoms. It may not be very feminine, but it is absolutely natural.

Thanks to hormones, digestion slows down so that the body has time to absorb as many nutrients from food as possible. Eat as much fiber as possible and drink plenty of water - this contributes to better digestion of food. If that doesn't help and you're really worried about constipation, talk to your doctor, he might be able to prescribe mild laxatives for you.

Other early signs

More frequent than usual urge to urinate can begin as early as 6-8 weeks after conception. While it can also be caused by diabetes, a urinary tract infection, or excess diuretic use, if you're pregnant, it's most likely due to elevated hormone levels.
Elevated progesterone levels sometimes cause constipation. To combat this problem, drink more water, exercise, and eat as many fiber-rich foods as possible.
Frequent and sudden mood swings are especially common for women in the first trimester of pregnancy. It is also associated with hormonal changes.
Headaches and back pain, especially in the lower back.
Dizziness and fainting caused by dilated blood vessels, low blood pressure, and low blood sugar.

For some women, the first signs of pregnancy appear within a week after conception. For others, such symptoms appear only after a few weeks, or even do not appear at all.

A sign of pregnancy - an increase in basal temperature


Basal temperature is measured in the rectum. Some women keep a chart of basal temperature every day, they can confidently determine the day of ovulation, the onset of pregnancy. During pregnancy, the basal temperature is more than 37 degrees, it stays at this level. It is necessary to measure the basal temperature in the morning, immediately after you open and rub your eyes, before getting out of bed. The basal temperature during pregnancy is increased.

25 SIGNS OF PREGNANCY

Do you know the first signs of pregnancy? Below we provide a list of 25 signs of pregnancy. Signs of pregnancy, depending on their reliability and informativeness, are usually divided into 3 categories: possible (the presence of these signs indicates that pregnancy is possible), probable (the presence of these signs indicates that the likelihood that you are pregnant is very high) and accurate (the presence of these signs always indicates the presence of pregnancy).

Possible signs of pregnancy:

Absence of menstruation
In the absence (delay) of menstruation, pregnancy is suspected in the first place. It is customary to talk about a delay in menstruation in those cases when, against the background of a regular menstrual cycle, menstruation did not occur at the expected time.
Pregnancy, however, is not the only reason for the absence (delay) of menstruation. Other possible reasons for not having a period are:

Stress
Intense physical activity (for example, fitness classes)
Disease
Changes in the mode of life, work (for example, switching to work on a night shift)
Taking certain medications (such as hormonal medications)
Overweight
Underweight
Incorrect counting (in case of irregular menstrual cycle)
Period close to menopause
Menopause

unusual menstruation
The menstrual cycle, in any way different from the usual: longer, or vice versa, shorter; starts earlier or later, is accompanied by more or less abundant discharge - any of these variations and their combinations may indicate pregnancy.
It should be noted that in addition to the onset of pregnancy, such menstrual irregularities can be observed in some gynecological diseases, so the identification of this symptom should serve as a reason to consult a doctor (either for a positive diagnosis of pregnancy, or for the diagnosis and treatment of a disease that disrupts the menstrual cycle).

"Feeling" of pregnancy
At the very beginning of pregnancy, some women experience uterine cramps or even pain. Most of all, uterine cramps resemble premenstrual pain.

Nausea and vomiting
These are some of the most common early signs of pregnancy. Although nausea and vomiting may appear from the first weeks of pregnancy, most often these symptoms occur from the 6th to the 12th week. If nausea and vomiting appear in the first weeks of pregnancy, they are usually considered as signs of early preeclampsia (toxicosis of pregnant women).
Nausea and vomiting can be observed in a number of other conditions (diseases) that are not related to pregnancy in any way (gastritis, gastric ulcer, enteritis, enterocolitis, migraine) - however, in such cases, in addition to nausea and vomiting, there are usually other symptoms of the disease that are not characteristic for pregnancy.

Libido changes
Changes in a woman's sexual desire are caused by a complex of emotional and physical changes that occur in the body of a pregnant woman. These changes can either increase or decrease libido (sexual desire).
Physical changes include increased breast tenderness (which can also make touching more pleasant or extremely unpleasant), nausea, increased blood flow to the genital area, and others. Psychological changes are associated with the effect of female sex hormones on the nervous system.
In view of the extreme delicacy of the problem of sexual desire, its changes are usually considered the last sign of pregnancy, especially if these changes are selective or chronic.

sore chest
During pregnancy, the breasts begin to prepare for feeding the unborn child. Breast changes during pregnancy include:

Sore or tender breasts
Enlargement and darkening of the nipples and areolas
Breast augmentation
Isolation of colostrum (either spontaneously or by pressure on the nipple and areola).

The described breast changes can also be observed in some endocrine diseases (for example, increased secretion of prolactin).

Breast augmentation
Although this is not a mandatory feature, many women experience breast enlargement from early in pregnancy. During pregnancy, both breasts increase symmetrically and evenly.
One-sided or uneven (knotty) breast enlargement is observed with breast tumors, mastitis.

Frequent urination
It can be observed from early pregnancy. A woman experiences frequent urge to urinate, which usually ends with the release of a small amount of urine. The increased urge to urinate during pregnancy is due to the fact that the growing uterus puts pressure on the bladder, reducing its volume and ability to accumulate urine.
In addition to pregnancy, frequent urination can be observed in diseases of the bladder or urethra - cystitis, urethritis (in such cases, frequent urges are accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, burning directly during urination, temperature), endocrine diseases such as diabetes mellitus (frequent urination is accompanied by the release of a large amount of urine and intense thirst).

Unusual taste preferences
While many people associate pregnancy with "cravings" for pickles and ice cream, pregnant women's taste preferences vary and are not limited to the foods described. Some studies show that 68% of pregnant women experience unusual taste preferences, which are sometimes surprising in nature (the desire to eat raw vegetables, chalk, earth, lime, raw meat, etc.).
And although most preferences are safe for health (in a reasonable amount), some pregnancy may experience the so-called pica - the desire to eat inedible substances such as chalk, starch, etc.
A change in taste preferences can also be observed with iron deficiency anemia. In the case of anemia, taste preferences are combined with other symptoms: brittle and dry hair, splitting of nails, cracks in the corners of the mouth, pale skin, dizziness, and increased fatigue.

Fatigue
A number of important changes occur in the body of a pregnant woman and many processes take place, even if it is not very noticeable in the initial period. This organism needs a lot of strength and resources, which explains the reduced endurance, drowsiness and a feeling of fatigue.
This sign has the least diagnostic value, since a feeling of fatigue or decreased performance can occur with many different diseases or be the result of an unhealthy lifestyle, chronic overwork or lack of sleep.

Tubercles of Montgomery
Montgomery's tubercles are small bumps (reminiscent of goosebumps) on the areola of the breast (the areola). They do not pose any threat to health, and their appearance is a common sign of pregnancy.

Skin changes
Due to the many hormonal and mechanical changes that occur in the body of a pregnant woman, the skin can also change. Skin changes during pregnancy include:

Mask of pregnancy (chloasma) - in some pregnant women, due to increased secretion of melanotropin, increased pigmentation of the nose, cheeks and forehead develops. After childbirth, this pigmentation gradually disappears.
The dark line along the abdomen is a pigmented line that runs from the pubis to the fundus of the uterus and usually appears by the third month of pregnancy.
Acne - While some pregnant women have better skin than they ever did before pregnancy, for other women, skin becomes oilier and more acne-prone as pregnancy progresses.
Spider veins ("spider veins") - can appear on the face, neck, chest, arms and legs. They appear due to an increase in the blood level of estrogen (female sex hormones). In shape, they resemble stars, have a bluish tint and disappear when pressed.
Stretch marks - usually appear in the second half of pregnancy and depend on factors such as heredity, weight gain, diet, etc.
Erythema of the palms - redness or spots on the palms. It also occurs due to elevated estrogen levels.
Other types of changes - some women notice accelerated nail growth, others notice increased hair growth, hair may become stronger or more brittle, there may be increased sweating, and a host of other changes.

Stretch marks
Stretch marks appear due to the separation and rupture of the collagen fibers of the skin. They are not painful, but they may feel itchy or tingly. During pregnancy and in the postpartum period, stretch marks appear in 60-90% of women. Stretch marks most commonly appear in the lower abdomen, but can also appear on the thighs, upper arms, chest, and buttocks.
There are many factors that affect the likelihood of stretch marks. The main factors are:

Family history - if your mother, sister, grandmother and aunt had stretch marks, you probably will too.
Weight Gained – Rapid and/or excessive weight gain drastically increases the risk of stretch marks.
Multiple pregnancies - If you have multiple pregnancies, the chances of getting stretch marks are very high.
Diet – A healthy diet and sufficient fluids provide higher skin elasticity, and consequently reduce the risk of stretch marks.

Enlargement of the uterus
As the fetus grows, the size of the uterus increases, and, accordingly, the volume of the abdomen increases.
An increase in the volume of the uterus can also be observed in cases of uterine tumors.
An increase in the volume of the abdomen can be observed separately from an increase in the size of the uterus. In such cases, possible causes of an increase in the abdomen may be: obesity, ascites, an increase in the size of other internal organs.

wiggling
Women who have not given birth before, first feel the movement of the fetus around the 20th week of pregnancy. Those who were previously pregnant feel the movement earlier, around the 16-18th week.
Note that the feeling of fetal movement, as a possible sign of pregnancy, comes much earlier than the visible vibrations of the abdominal wall, which is considered as an undoubted sign of pregnancy.

Isolation of colostrum from the breast
Colostrum is the first milk. It contains all the necessary nutrients for a newborn baby. Usually, by the end of pregnancy, women notice a yellowish liquid from the breast, or simply notice the appearance of a thin white film on the nipples - this is colostrum. For some women, colostrum may also appear earlier in pregnancy.

Possible signs of pregnancy:

Increasing the volume of the abdomen
If you have been pregnant before, you may notice a slight increase in belly volume as early as the second or third month of pregnancy. However, most often the abdomen noticeably increases only after the third or fourth month of pregnancy, and sometimes even later. After the 12th week, the uterus can be felt above the pubis.

Changes in the shape of the uterus
This sign can be checked by an obstetrician, and it can also be checked with an ultrasound.

Braxton Hicks contractions (training contractions)
Braxton-Hicks contractions are defined as intermittent, painless contractions that occur at intervals of 10 to 20 minutes and may appear after the first trimester of pregnancy. Sometimes they are called training bouts. Not all pregnant women feel exercise contractions, and some mothers say they felt them much more clearly in subsequent pregnancies compared to their first pregnancy. Some women do not feel contractions, but feel periodic tension if they feel their lower abdomen with their hands. Training contractions differ from true labor contractions in that they are shorter, less intense, and irregular. They often stop if the woman lies down and relaxes. If the gestational age is less than 37 weeks, the contractions are regular, do not stop and are repeated more often than every 10-12 minutes, you need to urgently consult a doctor, since these may not be training contractions, but premature birth. The difference between real labor pains and Braxton Hicks contractions

Braxton Hicks contractions

Contractions do not increase

Contractions get more frequent

Contractions don't get worse

Contractions intensify

Contractions are felt more in the front of the abdomen

Contractions felt all over the abdomen

Contractions don't lengthen

Contractions lengthen

Walking does not affect contractions

Contractions get worse when walking

The cervix does not change

The cervix softens and opens

If any of the described signs or their combinations are determined, it is recommended to consult a doctor as soon as possible to determine the cause of their occurrence.
Diagnosis of pregnancy should be made as early as possible - this is extremely important for the prevention of some complications of pregnancy.

Positive pregnancy test
A regular pregnancy test, available from a pharmacy, is done 5 or more days after the date your period was due (in the case of a regular menstrual cycle). If this test is carried out earlier, it is likely that it will show a false negative result (that is, there is pregnancy, but it has not yet been determined using the test). This is because this test detects the level of pregnancy hormone (human chorionic gonadotropin) in the urine, and the concentration of this hormone increases gradually during the first weeks of pregnancy. If you want to check if you are pregnant or not before the specified date, you can take a more sensitive laboratory test.
Very rarely, an increase in the level of human chorionic gonadotropin can be observed with some tumors of the uterus.

Precise signs of pregnancy:

Feeling the fetus
In the later stages of pregnancy, you can feel the fetus through the abdomen. Obstetricians do this to determine the position of the fetus.

Listening to the fetal heart
The fetal heartbeat is heard with an obstetric stethoscope, starting from the 20th week of pregnancy. With the help of an electronic stethoscope, the heartbeat can be heard as early as 10-12 weeks. The average fetal heart rate is 120-160 beats per minute.

Determination of pregnancy using ultrasound (ultrasound)
It is recommended to undergo the first ultrasound examination (ultrasound) between the 7th and 12th weeks of pregnancy. However, with the help of ultrasound, you can determine the presence of pregnancy much earlier - starting from 2-3 weeks of pregnancy.

Determination of pregnancy using x-ray
Due to the risk of radiation exposure, X-ray examination is not used as a method of determining pregnancy. However, pregnancy can be determined by chance, during an x-ray examination of the abdominal cavity and pelvis. In such cases, the bones of the fetus will be visible on the x-ray.

Imaginary pregnancy

There are cases when all the signs of pregnancy, it would seem, are evident, but there is no pregnancy itself. This condition is called imaginary pregnancy. It occurs most often in women who have long and unsuccessfully dreamed of feeling the happiness of motherhood. Less likely to imaginary pregnancy are those who, on the contrary, are afraid of this event. If a woman who is really expecting a baby has the main symptoms due to a colossal hormonal restructuring of the whole organism, then the signs of an imaginary pregnancy have completely different reasons. Stress, infections, hormonal imbalance, various disorders in the gastrointestinal tract, beriberi, malnutrition, depression, combined with the appropriate psychological attitude, create a complete illusion of pregnancy.
At the beginning of the last century, the Serbian queen summoned our outstanding obstetrician Snegirev before giving birth. She already felt the contractions and was preparing to become a mother from day to day, but a thorough examination showed ... that all these nine months of waiting were in vain. The queen's pregnancy turned out to be imaginary!
Fortunately, today the situation when a woman finds out about the absence of a baby under her heart already on the eve of childbirth is practically impossible. Now there are many ways to determine pregnancy in the early stages. These are home pregnancy tests, and an analysis for hCG, and ultrasound diagnostics.
Be that as it may, if you find signs of pregnancy (and especially several at once), you should consult a doctor. After all, if the pregnancy is under the control of specialists from the earliest stages, this will significantly reduce the risk of all kinds of complications. And in the event that, in the presence of common signs, pregnancy is still not diagnosed, the doctor will identify the cause of the violations and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS:

The information contained in the answers to the most frequently asked questions may partially repeat what has already been stated above, but it will still be useful for you to familiarize yourself with it.
What signs of pregnancy occur before a missed period?

At the slightest delay in menstruation, we usually fly to the pharmacy to check the only thought of pregnancy with a test. However, tests usually reliably show the result after the period when menstruation should begin. In a situation where you want to know about it at the earliest possible time, even before menstruation, you should pay attention to several possible signs. They may be subtle or quite strong, but they will indicate that perhaps the miracle of pregnancy has come to you.

First of all, examine your chest. If she reacts sensitively or painfully to a greater extent than when critical days approach, this may indicate that you are expecting a baby. The chest may increase significantly. The main symptom is the darkening of the alveoli and a dark pigmented stripe in the inguinal region. Pigmentation can also appear on the face. Small bumps may form on the nipples.

In addition, you may experience severe nausea or dizziness, not only in the morning, but also during the day, hypersensitivity to odors and a change in food preferences. Appetite may increase sharply, but some women feel quite strong rejection of food. Premenstrual syndrome in the form of tearfulness, bad mood, uncontrollable anger may intensify. These signs are explained by all the same hormonal changes, when the rebuilding organism adapts to bearing a child.

In addition, there may be pulling pains in the abdomen and slight bleeding, which is often mistaken for early menstruation. The thing is that in the interval of 8-10 days, the fetal egg, having passed its way through the fallopian tubes, is attached in the uterus, causing these rather unpleasant symptoms. At this time, pregnancy is difficult to determine, but you can definitely understand that a woman is not pregnant by measuring daily basal temperature. As you know, after ovulation, the basal temperature is slightly increased and when pregnancy occurs, it remains above 37 degrees. However, if the temperature has dropped sharply, you can expect the onset of menstruation.

It must be noted that nature has created us so different that the signs appear very individually. In some cases, you will not notice any changes at all, and sometimes a woman knows for sure even before her period that she is expecting a baby. This is our famous female intuition (the main thing is not to confuse it with suspiciousness).
Is it possible to notice pregnancy in the first week?

In the first week, determining pregnancy is even more difficult. A fertilized egg moves through the fallopian tubes to the uterus for a whole week. At this time, the division process is constantly taking place and the placenta and umbilical cord are formed. At this time, the embryo already has the shape and size of a pea. A week later, it attaches to the walls of the uterus. You can feel the birth of life only intuitively, as well as observing the very first signs.

First, you should keep a basal temperature diary. During pregnancy, it is higher than 37 degrees, however, this only indicates a high probability of an “interesting situation”. Other signs: drowsiness and fatigue, headaches, migraines, throwing it into heat, then into cold - all this is possible when the body is reorganized to bear offspring. Drawing pains in the lower back, noticeable processes of breast enlargement and swelling, nausea.

Do not rush to draw conclusions and rush to extremes, all this can be just common symptoms not related to pregnancy. You can accurately determine your condition with the help of a blood test, but it is best to wait. Just a few days, and medicine or nature will be able to answer you more definitely.
What sensations arise in the first month of pregnancy?

The conception that has taken place can be determined by several individual signs. Many do this at different times, on their own or with the help of tests. Symptoms only help determine the likelihood of conception, since many factors can be just symptoms of a "false pregnancy" - a condition that many nervous ladies experience, wanting to bring their dream of having a baby closer. Only a gynecologist can finally confirm this fact 100% at a later date, approximately 4-5 weeks.

According to statistics, during the first month after conception, 90% of women experience changes in the condition of the breast. Sensitivity increases, some soreness appears. The chest, as it were, swells up, becomes more voluminous, a network of protruding veins is clearly visible. Of course, everything is the fault of hormones. In addition, the areola and nipple become dark brown. Perhaps, when pressed, colostrum is released from the nipple.

Some women feel toxicosis even before the expected period of menstruation. Statistics tell us that during the first month more than 60% of women experience toxicosis - nausea, aversion to food, vomiting, more often in the morning. The sense of smell changes. Some smells become simply unbearable, others are strangely very attractive.

Too rapid growth of the uterus can provoke pain in the lower back or in the sacrum. In the last week of a monthly pregnancy, the fetus, increasing in volume, can press on the uterus, causing frequent urge to urinate. Salt can linger in the body, so slight but noticeable swelling is sometimes observed on the arms and legs. Small pink discharge, indicating the exit of the embryo from the fallopian tubes and attaching it to the uterine cavity, is often almost invisible, but can also resemble meager periods.

In any case, don't trust your intuition too much. The first weeks are the most responsible. If you suspect that you may be pregnant, go to the gynecologist as early as possible in order to be monitored in time and provide yourself and your child with comfortable conditions for bearing.
What are the signs of abnormal pregnancy?

A dangerous symptom of pregnancy is severe pain in the abdomen, uterus and fallopian tubes. With or without fever. The appearance of such not even too painful sensations, and the absence of menstruation, is a sign of a woman's life-threatening ectopic pregnancy. In such cases, a woman is urgently examined and, according to indications, operated on, since delay can lead to serious problems with women's health and even death. What happens is extremely rare, so do not be scared in advance, but just show yourself to the gynecologist in a timely manner.

For the rest, tune in positively Wink. After all, the process of pregnancy is full of interesting and pleasant moments. And the birth of your baby will open up a whole new world for you and become a new page in your life.

Pregnancy is a certain state of the body, which means the birth of a baby, after a certain period of time. It can be identified by some symptoms.

When a woman is looking forward to the birth of her first child, she tries to find any hints of pregnancy in all the changes in her body. Many people think that when irritability or nausea appears, that’s all, they are in position! Although, most mothers really found out about their pregnancy precisely by such signs. Of course, all this may suggest the presence of pregnancy, but, unfortunately, such signs do not always occur when determining this interesting situation.

How was pregnancy recognized in women in ancient times?

A thousand years ago, ancient people were already able to recognize the first signs of pregnancy.

The ancient Egyptians, in order to find out about a woman’s interesting situation, they prepared special “test drinks” for her , which consisted of a special herb and the milk of a mother who was breastfeeding the boy. If such a mixture after its use caused a woman to vomit, then this verdict was confirmed - she is pregnant!

Previously, pregnancy was determined by numerous signs

And here old Jews asked women who might be pregnant walk on soft grass. After that, they studied her traces and drew certain conclusions. But, unfortunately, the details of how exactly they could determine pregnancy from their prints have not survived to this day.

The main symptoms and signs of pregnancy

The real existence of pregnancy in a woman can only be confirmed tests that will show elevated levels of hCG in her blood or if the doctor listen to the baby's heartbeat in the womb, or ultrasound results . All other methods are only possible signs and symptoms.

Accurate Signs of Pregnancy

Elevated hCG levels - the presence in the blood of a woman of a large amount of pregnancy hormone. It begins to grow a week or 10 days after the conception process. This analysis is quite accurate in determining pregnancy. Having donated her blood from a vein in any laboratory, a woman will be able to find out about her situation, even before the menstruation is late.

Listening to the baby's heartbeat is carried out by a gynecologist using an electronic or wooden stethoscope. The doctor can hear the baby's little heart beating in the womb at 10-12 weeks. His heart rate is between 120 and 160 beats per minute.

Ultrasound - this is an ultrasound examination of a woman, which is preferably carried out at 7-12 weeks. With its help, you can determine the exact gestational age from 2 or 3 weeks.

The doctor can hear the fetal heartbeat with a special device

TO signs of pregnancy phenomena or sensations can be attributed, such as:

• Small discharge in the form of a few brown drops that you can find on panties. This may not be the beginning of the monthly menstrual cycle, but implantation bleeding . It occurs as a result of the search for the uterine wall, the cell that will eventually become a child. She, as it were, "travels" through the mother's genital tract and is looking for a suitable place for herself, where she will continue to grow and develop. This one of the earliest signs which, in general, may not always manifest itself.
• Constant fatigue and feeling weak. Most women who are not yet aware of their condition believe that they are simply tired or sick. But this may be true. Because the first cause of weakness is decreased immunity . Some expectant mothers may even have a runny nose and cough.
• Increase in basal body temperature. If you think that you will have a baby, then do not be too lazy to monitor your basal body temperature during the menstrual cycle. Are you really pregnant if you the temperature will rise to 37 degrees , or abruptly go down one day in the second phase of the bleeding cycle. This process is referred to as "implantation sinking", the main reasons for which are a decrease in the production phase of the hormone progesterone in the middle of the second phase of the cycle, which is responsible for the state of temperature. Or, when the hormone estrogen begins to be thrown out. He is responsible for lowering the temperature.
• sensitive chest. In cases where at some time you experience increased sensitivity of the nipples, then it is likely that you have a pregnancy. This symptom may appear only 14 days after conception . Your chest can make itself felt even with the most gentle touches. It may also swell slightly and hurt a little. Darkened skin around the areolas of the nipples can also indicate pregnancy.

The appearance of noticeable tubercles of Montgomer, which are located on the nipple of the breast. They are tiny bumps on the areola of the chest that resemble goose bumps . These tubercles are absolutely harmless, but their appearance may indicate an interesting position for a woman.

Nausea, extreme sensitivity to certain smells- This is a classic well-known sign of pregnancy. He makes himself known 3rd to 8th week after conception . Most of the expectant mothers met with similar and unpleasant sensations. Such a sign can also appear when you overeat or poison yourself. Therefore, do not rush to rejoice if you have such an indicator in the morning.

Insomnia or sleep disturbance appear in many pregnant women, due to certain changes in their body. That is, despite the fact that they go to bed early, expectant mothers still do not get enough sleep. Sleep can drive them even in the middle of the day even in the workplace. If your job is serious enough and responsible, then you should change it, or move to a quieter department. This is not worth much worries. It's just that the body gives all kinds of signs about its new status.

• Delayed monthly cycle of menstruation considered the most common sign of pregnancy. Having noticed its failure, we begin to assure ourselves that we are pregnant and immediately run to the pharmacy for a test. But, in the event that a woman has an irregular bleeding cycle, then you should not rely only on the delay.
• Pain in the lumbar region or in the back can become very noticeable. Such unexpected "lumbago" in the lower back of the expectant mother can manifest itself throughout the entire period of bearing the baby, periodically making itself felt.
• Unpleasant bloating may occur due to the fact that during pregnancy the woman's intestines become "lazy". He ceases to monitor the level and process of gas formation well. Also, a similar phenomenon can be felt because the intestinal walls begin to swell a little.
• Frequent urge to urinate. Two weeks after conception, a woman may feel frequent urge to the toilet, little by little . They are explained by what happens in her body. her hormonal changes - distension of the uterus and the growth of the fetus, which constantly presses on the outer membranes of the bladder.

Frequent urination could be a sign of pregnancy

How to find out if you are pregnant without medical tests?

Do you want, but do not know how to determine whether you are pregnant or not and you do not have the opportunity to purchase a medical test? Then this can be done using other methods, including folk ones. Many women prefer to seek help during the period of uncertainty with pregnancy precisely to proven folk grandmother's methods. Therefore, we will reveal to you some secrets that will help you know that you are in a position without a test.

Of course, you can accurately find out about pregnancy without using a test after receiving a gynecologist, ultrasound, or by measuring body temperature daily.

5 Ways to Know You're Pregnant (Without Taking a Test):

Method 1 (veracity 5: 5)

Take half a liter of warm water and dissolve a few granules of potassium permanganate in it, until a light pink color. After that, add a small amount of your fresh morning urine to it. See if the color of the resulting solution has become light yellow and brightened - the result is negative. If the color has not changed and small flakes appear, then you are 100% pregnant.

Method 2 (Truthfulness also 5:5)

Collect a small amount of morning urine in a clean container and drop a few drops of iodine into it. Pregnancy will not be confirmed if it immediately spreads on the surface of the urine. And if the droplet lingered for some time on the surface, then your result is positive, you can start celebrating this good news.

Method 3 (degree of truthfulness 4: 5)

Prepare a white piece of paper and wet it with your urine. After that, put a few drops of iodine on it. And watch out, if the color of the paper turns blue, then you are not pregnant. And if a bright purple or lilac hue appears, the result is positive. This method is one of the most reliable. Although there may be inaccuracies, due to the different composition of the paper.

Method 4 - (Truthfulness 3 out of 5)

Collect morning urine in a clean bowl, and pour wine into it, in a ratio of 1: 1. Then follow the result: if the resulting mixture remains light and transparent, the result will be negative. And if it has become cloudy and slightly changed its consistency, it has become like cottage cheese - congratulations, you are a future mother.

In fact, the degree of veracity of this method is not high, due to not always high-quality inexpensive wine. It must be completely free of dyes and various chemical additives, which affect the results of this test.

Method 5 (Truthfulness 2: 5

Take your morning urine and place it in a container in which you bring it to a boil. Then pour it into a clear glass container. Look, if you are pregnant, then a sediment in the form of flakes will appear in the urine.

This technique does not have a high level of veracity, because when boiled, the protein that is in the urine can simply coagulate. As a result, it will be difficult for you to distinguish it from the resulting flakes.

Reading 5 min. Views 14.4k. Published on 03/13/2018

Today we will talk about how to recognize the first signs of pregnancy and whether it is possible to find out about conception even before the delay in menstruation.

The very first signs of pregnancy

To plan conception, you need to know the date of ovulation. To do this, you need to keep a calendar of the menstrual cycle, measure the basal temperature correctly and regularly.

If you have 28-30 days between critical days, then the egg will leave the follicle in the middle of the cycle. If the interval is more or less days, then 14 must be subtracted from the number of days in the cycle.

For example, if the cycle length is 35 days, then ovulation will occur approximately 21 days after the start of the last menstruation (35-14 = 21).

The most reliable signs of pregnancy in the early days

1. Basal temperature indicators. If you keep track of basal rates, then you know that the graph looks like a curve - the values ​​\u200b\u200bare peaking on the day of ovulation, after which they decrease. If this does not happen, the temperature does not drop below 37.1 degrees, the likelihood that you are pregnant is quite high. But a similar situation is observed in some inflammatory processes, so other symptoms must be taken into account.
2. Bloody discharge before the onset of critical days- On the underwear, you can see a few brown or pink spots about a week after ovulation. This phenomenon is called implantation bleeding, a fertilized egg has reached the uterus, fixed in the epithelium, if the integrity of the tissues is violated, a few drops of blood appear. But this symptom does not always appear.
3. Severe weakness, constant fatigue, drowsiness- with the onset of pregnancy, a lot of changes take place in a woman's body, and the body spends a lot of energy on all this. There may also be signs of a cold, as the immune system weakens after conception.
4. Frequent mood swings, tearfulness, sentimentality.
5. The occurrence of discomfort in a sitting position.
6. Unusual allergic reactions. The immune system of pregnant women from the first days begins to work for two, therefore it perceives any potential allergen as an enemy substance. Reacts accordingly: rash, peeling, redness.
7. Condition of the cervix. Before menstruation, it becomes soft, opens, rises high. If conception has occurred, then the organ becomes hard to the touch, closes, sinks low.

All these signs indirectly indicate pregnancy, since they can accompany various pathological conditions in the body, therefore, in any case, a visit to the doctor should not be postponed.

How to find out about pregnancy before a delay in menstruation - sensations and external manifestations

The first sensations during the onset of pregnancy in each woman manifest themselves in different ways, many manage to find out about conception in a few days.

First signs of pregnancy before missed period

1. Toxicosis. Nausea, vomiting, slight fever - these symptoms appear due to the fact that the body perceives the fetus as a foreign body. may be early, late, or absent altogether.
2. Decrease in arterial indicators. Hypotension develops against the background of restructuring in the cardiovascular system, manifests itself in the form of dizziness, migraine, nausea, weakness.
3. Increased nipple sensitivity, soreness of the mammary glands - the body begins to prepare for natural feeding, which causes swelling of the breast.
4. Tubercles of Montgomery. A rather specific and accurate sign of pregnancy - small elevations appear on the areola near the nipples, which are outwardly similar to goose bumps. Often appear in the early stages of pregnancy and venous patterns on the chest.
5. Nagging pain in the lower abdomen, lower back, a tingling sensation in the uterus is a normal phenomenon, so the reproductive organ is preparing for the upcoming birth. Normally, discomfort should last no more than 2 days.
6. Sleep disturbance- Pregnant women suffer from chronic sleep deprivation, they are constantly sleepy.
7. Change in taste preferences, increased appetite, intolerance to smells - classic signs of pregnancy, usually appear at the beginning of the second month, but many women begin to experience such sensations from the first days after conception.
8. Digestive problems- bloating, constipation, diarrhea. With the onset of pregnancy, the intestines begin to work slowly, its walls swell a little against the background of hormonal changes, various dyspeptic disorders appear, salivation increases, and an obsessive taste of metal in the mouth appears.
9. Frequent urination- a consequence of hormonal changes, occurs approximately 10-14 days after conception.

The onset of pregnancy may be indicated by swelling of the face, the appearance of acne or their sudden complete disappearance, a constant bright blush. Against the background of calcium deficiency, cramps occur during sleep.

Most of these signs occur during PMS, so you should wait until the onset of critical days, or take a pregnancy test. A missed period is one of the most obvious signs of early pregnancy.

When can I do a pregnancy test

Even the most sensitive test will not show pregnancy immediately after conception, it should be done no earlier than a week after the date of ovulation. During this time, the fertilized egg will move through the fallopian tubes until it is implanted in the uterus, the hCG level will be low.

The first signs of pregnancy in the early stages - diagnostic methods

An increase in the level of hCG in the blood, ultrasound, listening to the fetal heartbeat, all other signs, doctors call possible symptoms of pregnancy.

Precise signs of pregnancy:

1. HCG level. This hormone begins to be produced 7-10 days after conception, its level rises throughout pregnancy, based on this indicator, the development of the fetus is judged.
2. ultrasound- the most accurate method for determining pregnancy, but even a good specialist will be able to see a fertilized egg in the uterine cavity 2 weeks after the delay.
3. Listening to the baby's heartbeat- one of the most touching moments in the life of every woman. But you can hear how your baby's heart beats only at 10-12 weeks.

If, against the background of a delay in menstruation, abundant spotting is observed, the pain in the lower abdomen is intense, cutting, the temperature rises strongly - you need to urgently consult a doctor, these symptoms may indicate an ectopic pregnancy.

Conclusion

After conception, radical changes occur in the female body, which can manifest itself in the form of various symptoms, new sensations, and a change in the psycho-emotional state.

The first signs of pregnancy Pregnancy is a mysterious process, especially at the very beginning, when very impatient women want to know about its onset even before the delay in menstruation. The first signs of pregnancy in the early stages can be confused with the phenomena of premenstrual syndrome, but laboratory and instrumental research methods will help confirm conception. Why is it so important to establish the presence of a long-awaited pregnancy as early as possible? To reconsider your lifestyle and diet, if this has not been done in advance, to exclude, if possible, harmful factors and prepare to become a mother.

The process of conception: how it happens

Conception is a series of processes that follow after fertilization, as a result of which a new organism is born and continues to develop in the female body, that is, pregnancy occurs. Several factors precede the onset of pregnancy:

The time interval from the moment of sexual contact to implantation takes 7-12 days, so it is premature to talk about the first signs of pregnancy in the early stages of 1 week after intercourse.

Diagnosis of pregnancy at an early stage

Diagnosing pregnancy at the earliest possible date is quite difficult, since the first symptoms, which both a woman and a doctor can regard as an onset of pregnancy, are also possible with various pathologies. Disorders such as premenstrual syndrome, disruption of the endocrine organs, neuropsychiatric diseases, or an overdose of certain drugs are not excluded.

But if a happy moment has occurred, then the first signs of pregnancy, which confirm its presence, are laboratory and instrumental studies. Early signs of pregnancy are due to hormonal changes (the production of hCG and progesterone).

Of the laboratory methods confirming pregnancy, the determination of hCG in urine and blood serum is used. Determination of the level of hCG in the blood can be carried out 14-21 days after intercourse, when conception has already occurred, and the embryonic trophoblast begins to intensively synthesize hCG. An increase in the level of the hormone in the blood is determined in a special laboratory.

pregnancy tests

Pregnancy test Such tests are an alternative to laboratory determination of hCG levels and are carried out at home. It is recommended to carry out the test no earlier than 4 - 5 weeks after coitus, that is, after a delay in menstruation. But it is possible to find out about pregnancy even earlier, even before the expected menstruation, subject to a long (35 days or more) menstrual cycle. The test is based on the detection of hCG in the urine.

Test rules:

• conduct a test with morning urine (morning urine is concentrated, which means that the content of hCG in it is higher);
• do not increase fluid intake if the test needs to be done during the day (urine is diluted and the hormone concentration decreases);
• before performing the test, carefully study the instructions and act according to it;
• do not use expired tests.

A false positive result when testing for pregnancy is possible in the following cases:

• 1 - 1.5 months ago there was an abortion, miscarriage or childbirth (hCG is not immediately excreted from the body);
• expired expiration date;
• treatment with hCG-containing drugs (pregnil, horagon);
• trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma).

A false negative result is also possible if:

• the test was performed too early (fertilization has occurred, but implantation has not yet);
• the threat of abortion (the level of hCG in the blood drops);
• violation of the test instructions;
• drink plenty of fluids before the test;
• renal pathology;
• arterial hypertension.

In any case, after a negative result, the procedure should be repeated after a few days.

Ultrasonography

Determination of pregnancy by ultrasound in the early stages The conclusion after the ultrasound is another sign of early pregnancy. However, in too early terms, ultrasound cannot serve as a 100% guarantee, since the future embryo, until it has reached a certain size, the doctor may not notice. When performing this instrumental study, in addition to confirming pregnancy, the following indicators are revealed:

• localization of the fetal egg (in the uterus or in the tube, ovary, etc.);
• determination of the viability of the embryo (is there a heartbeat);
• the presence of the embryo itself in the fetal egg (detection of anembryony).

First signs of pregnancy before missed period

When do the first signs of pregnancy appear? As already noted, not earlier than 7 days after sexual contact.

The following signs allow you to suspect pregnancy even before a missed period:

Implant retraction
This sign is determined by the chart basal temperature, which is measured in the rectum. Only the woman who carefully and for a long time (at least 3 months) keeps a graph of the temperature curve is able to identify this sign.

On the eve of ovulation, the temperature drops by 0.2 - 0.4 degrees, but from the moment the egg leaves the follicle, the temperature rises sharply and becomes higher than 37 degrees. At this level, it lasts for about 12 - 14 days, and before the onset of menstruation, it begins to decline. Before the introduction of the egg into the endometrium, the production of progesterone decreases somewhat (after all, it is towards the end of the menstrual cycle), since the body is not yet aware of the fertilization that has occurred. But as soon as implantation has occurred and connections have been established between the fetal egg and the mother's body, the trophoblast begins to produce hCG, thanks to which the body is rebuilt to a pregnancy maintenance program. That is, the corpus luteum continues to produce progesterone, which supports the further growth and development of the embryo, and, accordingly, the basal temperature rises.

Later, after a delay in menstruation, the basal temperature exceeds 37 degrees and indirectly confirms pregnancy.

implantation bleeding
The process of introduction of the blastocyst into the thickness of the uterine mucosa may (but not necessarily) be accompanied by small bleeding. Blood discharge is due to the destruction of the walls of the vessels of the uterine mucosa. Do not expect obvious and too noticeable selections. There may be a bloody or pinkish discharge in the form of a couple of drops on linen or toilet paper. Implantation bleeding should be expected within 7 to 12 days from the date of sexual intercourse. If there were no “suspicious” discharges, this is not considered a pathology, just as it does not confirm or deny a possible pregnancy.

Feelings in the lower abdomen
After implantation, the blood supply to the genital organs, in particular the uterus, changes. The blood flow to the pelvic organs, in particular to the uterus, increases significantly, which improves its blood supply and provides the fetus with nutrients and oxygen. Therefore, for many women, one of the first signs of pregnancy before a delay is a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen. Light tingling and even sipping are also possible, which is not a pathology (after all, the uterus begins its increased growth).

For the same reason (increased blood flow in the pelvis), hemorrhoids may appear or worsen, or veins in the legs may appear (the first sign of varicose veins). Undoubtedly, hemorrhoids and varicose veins are more likely to occur in the second half of pregnancy, when the uterus is already of considerable size and compresses the inferior vena cava, but in multiparous people, these phenomena can appear very early, even before the delay.

Unstable emotional state
Before the onset of the expected menstruation, most women, unaware of the new life that has arisen in them, become absent-minded and forgetful, or, on the contrary, too irritable and aggressive. Unexpected tears are suddenly replaced by laughter and vice versa. The reason for this is progesterone, which is produced to maintain pregnancy. But the lability of the psyche is quite possible with premenstrual syndrome, therefore, only those women who have had no PMS symptoms before can suspect pregnancy on the basis of this symptom.

slight malaise
For a very short time, a woman may feel signs of a cold: mild malaise, fatigue, headache. A slight increase in body temperature is also possible, which, again, is associated with the action of progesterone on the thermoregulatory center. As soon as the embryo is fixed in the uterine wall and begins to actively "cooperate" with the mother's body, there is a decrease in immunity in the mother's body, which prevents the rejection of the fetal egg as a foreign body.

Feelings in the chest
This symptom can also be attributed to the phenomena of PMS. From the moment of conception, sensations in the mammary glands change dramatically. That is, before a woman did not feel her breasts at all, but now the slightest touch to her breasts causes pain. Swelling and swelling of the breast is also noted.

Arterial hypotension
A decrease in blood pressure is noted from the first days of pregnancy. Under the action of progesterone, the tone of smooth muscles decreases, including the muscular layer of the vascular wall, which leads to relaxation of the vessels and an increase in their diameter.

Frequent urination
Urination from the first days of pregnancy becomes more frequent, but remains painless. This symptom is due to the action of the same progesterone, increased blood supply to the pelvic organs, including in the bladder and kidneys, which increases renal filtration and urine production. Frequent urination persists until the very birth (in later periods, frequent visits to the toilet also provoke the pressure of the pregnant uterus on the bladder).

Signs of early toxicosis
Nausea, perversion of taste and smell, intolerance to various odors, salivation - all these phenomena are related to early toxicosis, although they are also possible with a number of other diseases (poisoning, pathology of the digestive tract, infection). Symptoms of early toxicosis are not so often observed before the delay of menstruation, and even after the fact of pregnancy is established, not all women have it.

Is a missed period a pregnancy?

Delayed menstruation is not considered a reliable sign of pregnancy, especially in those women whose menstrual cycle was marked by irregularity. Before you run to the doctor with joy or in a panic, you should wait at least 5-7 days (counting from the first day of the expected and not occurring menstruation). Then take a pregnancy test, taking into account all the rules. If the result is negative, it is recommended to repeat the test after 3, at least 1 day.

In addition to a positive test, other signs of pregnancy are possible:

• early toxicosis became more pronounced or only manifested itself;
• soreness of the chest, its engorgement and swelling;
• the appearance of a venous pattern on the mammary glands;
• skin problems (the appearance of acne, even if it was not there before);
• increased vaginal discharge, they have become creamy and milky in color;
• sipping in the lumbar region and / or lower abdomen;
• constipation, which is replaced by diarrhea (the action of progesterone);
• drowsiness during the day, insomnia at night;
• sudden mood swings;
• possible fainting (as a sign of arterial hypotension);
• increased appetite or its complete absence (in case of toxicosis);
• tendency to edema (swelling of the face after the legs, slight swelling of the arms and legs);
• darkening of the white line of the abdomen and areola;
• basal temperature is steadily elevated (above 37);
• the appearance of headaches and migraines;
• change in libido (strengthening or weakening).

To finally dispel doubts, you should visit a doctor. During a gynecological examination (even in the early stages of pregnancy), the doctor reveals the following signs that indirectly confirm the "interesting situation":

• darkening of the skin, up to dark brown, of the external genital organs;
• softening of the neck, changing its color from pale pink to cyanotic (bluish);
• softening of the uterus, some increase in the early stages is possible, and later the enlarged uterus is well palpated according to the timing of the delay (8 weeks - a female fist, 10 weeks - a male fist, and so on).

To establish the final diagnosis, the gynecologist will prescribe an ultrasound scan (preferably with a transvaginal sensor), and in controversial cases, he will recommend donating blood for hCG.

How touching and exciting is the life of a woman. Especially when she realizes that she is pregnant, that she will be a mother, and learns this charm of motherhood. True, while a woman finds out that she is really pregnant, she suffers in conjectures, experiences constant anxiety: “Is it so? Suddenly, just a delay? And you can’t do a test on the second day - it just won’t show anything. So the beautiful half of humanity is tormented: “How to determine pregnancy for the first time?”

Pregnancy in the early days is such an ephemeral concept. But this is a wasteful thing to appeal to the mind of a future mother who wants a baby. Let's try to decide what are the first signs of pregnancy in the early days.

Sometimes the symptoms of pregnancy do not appear in any way, especially in the first days after fertilization. There is another very interesting nuance: sometimes the beginning of menstruation passes through pregnancy. Often there are times when a pregnant woman has blood, and she is sure that menstruation has begun. And this is just an implantation reaction of the body, that is, implantation bleeding.

Basically, in the first 8-10 days, ovulation occurs, and the embryo clings to the uterine mucosa. This causes some bleeding. This does not happen to every woman, it all depends on the complex female body, but it happens to almost every fifth woman. You shouldn't worry. Can this phenomenon be distinguished from ordinary menstruation? Yes.

When you begin to suspect that you are pregnant, remember how the last menstruation differed from the previous and constant ones. Maybe not as abundant? Maybe there was a different color of discharge? If you've had unprotected sex, you should consider getting pregnant.

Change in basal temperature

Pregnancy can also be judged by measuring your basal body temperature. When the embryo clings to the lining of the uterus, “implantation sinking” occurs, the level of the hormone progesterone drops sharply. And at the same time, the basal body temperature drops sharply to 36.8 - 36.9 degrees, exactly on the 8-10th day after fertilization.

Basal temperature information and charting usually do not fail. On the 11-12th day, the temperature starts to go up again. So you can determine the presence of pregnancy by temperature jumps. Many women draw up a basal temperature chart and subsequently become convinced of the reliability of such data, confirmed by a doctor.

With a normal delay in menstruation due to unrest, stress, hypothermia, overwork, hormonal disruptions in the body or for many other reasons, the schedule for compiling the basal temperature will be even, without jumps and fluctuations. Such a sign of pregnancy, according to the scheduling, doctors find the most reliable, right, and there are exceptions to the rules.

Changes in well-being

Changes in well-being will also be included in the first signs of pregnancy. There are a lot of them, because the female body reacts sharply to everything that happens inside it. He reacts completely in his own way and individually for each pregnant woman.

In one pregnant woman, such signs can appear very clearly, but in another, they do not have them at all. They cannot be fully relied upon and hoped for. This orientation is not always confirmed. Let's look at what they can be expressed in:

• General malaise of the body

It can be expressed in a state of general ill health, like a catarrhal character - temperature, pain in the joints and muscles. And often a woman relies on a cold, and not on pregnancy.

• Sensitization of the breast

Often or almost in all women, pain sensitivity of the breast increases. The chest begins to hurt at any, even a slight touch to it. The nipples become the most tender and sensitive, and even darkening of the skin around them appears. And in some pregnant women, this sensitivity may be much later. The unpredictability of the body is very individual. But if you suddenly find some, then immediately consult a doctor!

• Unusual sensations in the lower abdomen

A feeling of heaviness and aching sensations in the lower abdomen are often observed. For the first days of pregnancy, as doctors explain, there is usually a large rush of blood to the pelvic organs. There are tingling in the uterus and very noticeable. It doesn't happen to everyone, but it does happen.

• Perceptible fluctuations in pressure and body

In the first days after fertilization, women often feel dizzy. This is due to a decrease in blood pressure. There are very significant pressure drops even lower than 90/60. Which contributes not only to dizziness, but to headaches and fainting. Body temperature can also drop to 36 and even 35.7 degrees.

• Manifestation of vomiting, nausea and salivation

It happens that after 2-4 weeks (sometimes earlier) after conception, salivation, nausea or vomiting appears. Here is a classic of the first signs of pregnancy.

This may not be the case for all pregnant women. But the reaction and aversion to smells is manifested in almost 90% of all expectant mothers. This can happen even after 5-6 days of fertilization.

Vomiting manifests itself differently in everyone and can be both morning (once a day) and multiple. Salivation during vomiting is very common. There is a loss of appetite, taste sensations change, not only for food, but also for fruits. This is explained by a violation of the nervous system, because it is completely reorganized into work for two organisms.

• Backache

The hormone progesterone does its job right from the first days of pregnancy: it helps soften the ligaments and spinal discs. In some pregnant women, pain in the lumbar region and sacrum may be at the beginning, in others - the entire pregnancy. Such pain can remain even after childbirth, then a doctor's consultation is necessary.

• Failure in the digestive system

The digestive system, as well as the entire body of the expectant mother, undergoes restructuring and suffers not only from nausea and vomiting, but also from heartburn. It's hard to deal with her. There is one popular way - to click the seeds. Bloating, diarrhea and constipation can also be observed, this is how the body undergoes hormonal changes.

• Frequent urination

Hormones act on all organs, and the restructuring occurs throughout the body, so there are frequent urges to urinate. The production of a large amount of sex hormones in a woman leads to an influx of blood in the pelvis. And this leads to changes in the kidneys and bladder. And it manifests itself in frequent urination. This can manifest itself in the first signs of pregnancy, and some think that they just caught a cold.

• Swelling of hands and feet

In the body, there is a strong retention of salts and fluids, thanks to the same hormone progesterone. Therefore, swelling of the hands and feet appears. Rings are badly removed, shoes or sandals cut in, elastic bands of socks are imprinted sharply on the legs. Puffiness disappears by 7-8 weeks of pregnancy, and in some, on the contrary, it begins.

• Profuse vaginal discharge

The influx of blood in the small pelvis leads to an increase in vaginal discharge, and vaginal secretions are increased. The hydrogen ions increased in them change their consistency, and they become liquid. Nature protects expectant mothers, thanks to such changes, the risk of microbial disease is reduced.

This has its own unpleasant phenomena: yeast fungi develop very successfully in such an environment, which leads to the appearance and development of thrush (candidiasis). Candidiasis occurs much earlier than the first signs of pregnancy. This must be taken seriously in order to avoid further complications. Such a disease can lead to infection of the fetus or rupture of the perineum during childbirth.

If there is still no pregnancy

It happens that there are all signs of pregnancy after conception, and suddenly menstruation begins, and the pregnancy is as if it had not happened. This is not proof that it did not exist at all. In the first two weeks after conception, which are the most important in pregnancy, and subsequently fully responsible for it, there is some kind of negative effect on the embryo (fertilized egg), it simply dies.

Spontaneous miscarriage or termination of pregnancy occurs. The woman does not even know about it, the embryo comes out along with the menstruation that has begun. Such cases, according to doctors, occur quite often. This is served by the ecological situation, the nervous stress of a woman and other factors affecting the body of a pregnant woman.

If a woman knew about her pregnancy, and such an unpleasant miscarriage occurs, then this is a great emotional trauma for her. When pregnancy was long-awaited and desired, you should take it carefully: do a pregnancy test or ultrasound. The advice and recommendations of doctors will help you keep it.

You should not be upset, disappointed in life and despair if such a fact happens and pregnancy does not occur. As they say, pregnancy is a holding from above, and it will definitely come to you, if not this time, then another. You will definitely experience the happiness of motherhood, hear the cry of the long-awaited baby, his first words and steps!

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