How to design a private house. DIY house project: drawings, tips and instructions for self-designing a house (145 photos). So, you own design programs, you know how to create a draft design of a country house in different systems

AT recent times many people ask the question "how to make a project at home"? And this is understandable. Information on the construction of residential buildings is more accessible than ever, building technologies are known, and Construction Materials you can buy in any amount even tomorrow. But when it comes to construction, it becomes clear that a house cannot be built without blueprints.

Things to consider before developing a project

Even the most experienced builder needs plans with dimensions, facades, sections, etc. The set of drawings is called a "project". You can make a project at home in the program yourself. To do this, you need to know 3 things:

1. Program for creating a project.
2. Understanding what kind of house to design.
3. Fundamentals of architectural design.

These are 3 successful components of any project. Without knowledge of the program, it cannot be done. Without an idea of ​​​​what the house will be - the same. And without the basics of architectural design, you run the risk of making a project that you can’t build anything on.

Why does knowledge of a computer program come before understanding what a house will be like? Because often the idea of ​​a country house is born in the program. Therefore, how convenient and understandable the program is, the better the result of working in it will be. This article will be devoted to the most popular computer programs for creating country house projects.

Programs for creating a project

Today, without much effort, you can find several options for programs in which you can make a project. Conventionally, I will divide them into 2 groups: online and offline. Online - where you can create a project directly in the browser. Offline - where you need to install the program on your PC.

Online programs

I will say right away that there are no full-fledged project programs in this format. There are sites where you can make a house layout, and even look at it in 3D. But everything related to volumetric modeling of the house is not yet available. I believe that such programs will appear soon. Moreover, there are already attempts to create such a thing. They are primitive, and allow you to create only monotonous "birdhouses". There is no modeling of the shape of the roof, windows, decorative elements of facades, etc.

If you only need the layout of your future home, then the following online programs will help:

Pioneers of online design. This startup appeared before the hyped Autodesk Homestyler and quickly gained popularity on the Internet. The program compares favorably with a convenient and beautiful interface. There is a demo version and a pro version. The pro version allows you to add a description, photo and video to the project, make multi-storey layouts and, in general, is intended more for realtors who create presentations of houses. Also, the program can be downloaded and installed on your PC for offline work on the project.

Autodesk Homestyler is the most famous program in the online design software series from Autodesk. It is not only a program for planning, but also an online store for finishing materials and furniture, as well as the ability to make a 3D visualization of the resulting interior. I like Homestyler more than floorplanner for its features. For example, in it you can enter dimensions from the keyboard and adjust the thickness of the walls of the future home.

Other programs such as room sketcher or Planner 5D do not offer anything new, but simply copy the leaders of this market.

Non-professional offline programs

The main difference from the online version is the installation of such programs on the computer's hard drive. Those. you don't need internet to design your house. This option is a little outdated, because you, for example, will not be able to design on a mobile device (smartphone or tablet).

Floor Plan 3D- probably the most convenient software at the amateur level. After opening the program, you immediately find yourself in a simple and intuitive interface. By the way, at the moment, the graphics are a bit outdated. But it doesn't spoil general impression from this software. The work environment is fully interactive. There are 2D and 3D views. Suitable for unprepared users who design their house and site.

In the program, you can calculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe premises, design a staircase, apply textures and pick up furniture from a rather large library. There are good architectural opportunities in terms of designing broken roofs and protruding elements. Also in the package there are examples of projects of country houses and a good block with 3D visualization.

Home Plan Pro- higher engineering level program. The focus on engineering graphics will immediately catch your eye. Therefore, the program can create plans for country houses for construction at a qualitative level. This is facilitated by various metric systems, saving in several popular formats, as well as a wide library of elements for creating projects.

Envisioneer Express- a program designed more for creating interior design projects. However, it does not exclude the possibility of modeling architectural objects. Easy to learn does not require high system requirements your PC. The authors of this software position it as the simplest BIM tool. In addition, the program has a good 3D visualization.

3D Home Architect- a popular program for a long time, once set the tone for amateur design of interiors and private residential buildings. In addition to everything that is in the previous programs, I will note the following points. Built-in recognition and warning system for design errors. A powerful CAD core that allows you to quickly draw plans with furniture and translate them into 3D. This adjustment is possible, both from 2D and 3D modes. Ability to work with free-form elements. Automated creation of the roof of a country house. Automated creation of plans and sections from a 3D model. I can't point out forte programs for creating a landscape around a country house.

This is probably one of the most successful amateur programs, bringing the result of everyone's work closer to the level of professional programs.

ArCon (Arkon)- almost a complete program for CAD-design. We are approaching the professional software block and end this block review with a strong design program. The software can be downloaded from the official website for free as an educational version. To date, more than 15 versions have been released. The history of the program includes long term refinements and improvements.

The powerful software package includes everything from creating layouts and 3D modeling to calculating bills of materials. Terrain, room and roof assistants help you quickly deal with challenging tasks. The possibility of designing multi-storey buildings significantly expands the range of designed objects.

Project details such as skylights, railings, balconies, beams, columns, windows and doors all have individual settings that can be customized. In addition, the program allows you to create videos based on the project, as well as work with formats from other project programs. In general, this is an affordable powerful program for creating draft designs of country houses with elements of a working draft.

sketchup This program stands apart. Recently, it has become so comfortable that it has won the love of numerous fans around the world. Easy download from the official website and installation, integration with numerous Google services, simple interface and millions of library elements available on the official website - all this attracted the attention of even professional designers. Well, the presence of numerous video lessons on the Internet contribute to almost instantaneous study of this program.

There is a version of SketchUP Pro for professional work on projects. Thus, the well-known VRay plug-in, developed by the Bulgarian Chaos Group specifically for SketchUP Pro, shocked the audience with its high quality. Now, even from a simple 3D model, it was possible to make a photorealistic picture with shadows and reflected light. And thanks to a wide library of elements, add a picturesque and realistic environment to it.

See how a model of a country house is created,


And what does the result look like after working with the VRay plugin.

Professional offline programs

Graphisoft ArchiCAD- this is “our everything” or the most suitable tool for creating a complete project for the construction of a country house from scratch. It has long been the market leader in BIM design, until Autodesk promoted Revit, which significantly supplanted ArchiCAD. BIM stands for Building Information Model. Simply put, this is a digital 3D model of the building, from which plans, sections and facades are automatically “removed”. This approach eliminates the need to create each drawing separately, and also speeds up the process of making adjustments to the project.

Unlike all previous programs, ArchiCAD is a design complex in which you can do absolutely all parts of the project. There is no need to use additional programs for visualization, calculation of estimates or project design. This is a powerful professional tool. Unlike, for example, Autocad, it is easy to learn and is accompanied by a large number of training lessons in the public domain. But for full-fledged work in this program, you need to take a special course, and to create a country house project, you need to be trained under the guidance of an experienced mentor. All this is in the main training course on our website. Step-by-step training in designing country houses. In the process of learning, each of the students receives examples of projects in this program and albums technical solutions with the necessary nodes "for all occasions."

Every year, our design bureau releases more than 20 complete projects for the construction of country houses. All of them are done in the ArchiCAD program. Some of them are posted on this page.

Look at the possibilities of this program (click to enlarge).

Also see the work of our students in Graphisoft ArchiCAD at this link.

Autodesk Revit- the same program that supplanted ArchiCAD. Its main advantage is good integration with other Autodesk products, which has managed to conquer many aspects of design activities. To date, this is the most promising program for BIM design, which allows you to completely replace the cumbersome designer's tools. After all, in one information model, you can combine architecture, structures and all engineering networks.

Good engineering graphics, automation of most processes, customizable standardization of projects, automatic calculation of all indicators required by the project, etc. - such powerful features, most likely, an amateur will not need. But, if there is a desire to delve into the topic of design and become a professional in it, then studying Revit will be a good start for the future.

In addition, many Western design bureaus have long since switched to this program. Therefore, it contains the latest developments from the fields of energy saving and Western engineering standards. She is valued and respected in the professional community. Rumor has it that Russia will soon introduce a BIM standard for development and approval project documentation. If this happens, then, most likely, Autodesk Revit will be taken as the basis.

In the training center, the site is being developed by the course "Autodesk Revit for creating projects of country houses." Soon you will be able to not only study this powerful program, but also immediately make a country house project in it.

Private construction is a complex and rather lengthy process that cannot be completed without a properly drawn up project. It is quite possible to create the latter with your own hands. But for this you will have to study all the features of the design of individual buildings. And believe me, there are a lot of them.

We plan individual housing construction - start small

Now many specialized firms offer to make a project of any house. It is very comfortable. Unfortunately, these services are not cheap. Therefore, private developers often try to plan a home on their own, without having sufficient knowledge for this. We will try to remedy the situation by describing the main stages of designing private housing construction with our own hands. With the right approach to business, any purposeful self-taught master will be able to perform most of such an operation without the help of specialists.

Designing a house always begins with determining what kind of building we want to end up with. At this stage of the work, we need to find out the following:

• Will the house be used year-round or is it planned to live in it exclusively in the summer (seasonal cottage outside the city, cottage).
• For how many tenants is the house calculated. This is necessary in order to accurately determine the number of bedrooms, as well as the size of the kitchen and living room, where the whole family will often gather.
• What part of the land will be optimal for the construction of a private house. It can be located in the depth or at the beginning of the available free space.
• What outbuildings are planned to be erected. You need to think about where to install an autonomous septic tank, equip a well for water supply, build a private bathhouse, a garage for a car, and so on.

Based on such data, we will be able to preliminarily draw a plan for the future home, make a schematic layout of the existing plot of land, rationally and harmoniously placing all additional buildings on it. After that, you can start solving more serious problems.

Design stages - we adhere to a certain scheme

To make a really high-quality project at home, you need to consistently go through several stages. We need to create:

1. 1. Draft design.
2. 2. Architectural plan.
3. 3. Structural design.
4. 4. Engineering and technical justification.
5. 5. Design project of the future home.

Making a draft design of the house yourself, as was said, is as easy as shelling pears. First, we draw a simple diagram of the main building and outbuildings, make sketches of the desired style and spatial solutions. Then there are two ways - to contact specialists with your sketch or try to independently draw an accurate plan for the development, foundation, floors and roof of the building. You also need to make diagrams of the transverse and longitudinal section of the dwelling, the external appearance of its facade.

It is not enough to draw a draft design of a house. In addition, it will be necessary to indicate all the features (constructive) of its individual parts, to determine the materials that will be used for construction work. Based on the specified sketch diagrams and drawings, a working project is created. It is he who is the main document for builders.

Next, we move on to the architectural stage. We determine the dimensions of all the premises of the dwelling, their location. Then a diagram is drawn with marks about where the door and window openings, other architectural elements will be located. We also solve other important issues - about the slope of the roof, the thickness of the walls, and so on. After all these actions, we will get a lot of drawings. Moreover, each of them will have to prepare explanatory notes. You can draw a project with some drawing skills on paper. It is even easier to perform architectural planning with the help of special computer programs. We will talk about them a little later.

The construction of houses cannot be completed without determining their design features. Let's move on to the next step. We design the foundation and the depth of its penetration into the ground, interfloor ceilings, chimney, truss system, walls, roof and other elements of a residential building. We display the results of the work on the drawings and immediately calculate the amount of materials that will be required for construction work.

Next, we are engaged in the preparation of engineering and technical documentation. Many private developers often omit this part of the design, which is fundamentally wrong. Without planning engineering and technical systems, the construction of comfortable houses for living is impossible in principle! It is imperative to create a project with the calculation and determination of the places for laying heating, ventilation, water supply and wastewater disposal, and power supply. Usually it consists of several sections (sewerage, plumbing, and so on). If it is planned to equip the dwelling with a burglar alarm, it is described in a separate document.

The final of the design activities is the development of the exterior design of the building and interior solutions. We choose colors for finishing interior rooms, wall surfaces, roofs, facades, and decide on the style. Advice. It makes sense to do a house project with your own hands in cases where a person plans to do most of the construction work on his own. Not every self-taught master will be able to use the documentation compiled by professional architects. The average person won't understand many blueprints and as a result won't be able to get it right. If we ourselves were able to draw a project, it will not be difficult for us to translate all its provisions into reality.

Tips for amateur designers - must-read!

We always start designing our own house with exploration activities. They will allow you to find out the features of the soil on the land plot for development, to find out at what depth the soil waters lie. It is desirable that such work be carried out by specialists with the appropriate equipment. Moreover, geological exploration is best carried out in last days autumn or early spring. At this time, groundwater rises to its maximum height.

An examination of the characteristics of the soil will make it possible to choose the optimal type of foundation for a dwelling and determine the possibility of arranging a basement. If soil waters rise too high during floods, it is not rational to build an underground (ground floor). In such situations, the cost of building houses increases by 25-30%. Perhaps it would be wiser to abandon the underground and build a separate utility room instead.

If you are not sure that you can correctly draw a plan for your future home, it is recommended to pay attention to ready-made (standard) solutions. Finding them is easy on the Internet. But here it is important to understand that in most cases such plans are incomplete and require serious revision. No one will post projects for free that take a lot of time to prepare.

Do not try to blindly copy standard solutions for the construction of private houses. It is better to take some ready-made project as a basis and study it. And then try to make a really suitable house design for yourself, based on the data obtained from the analysis of a typical building.

If you are a beginner designer, opt for simple projects. The fewer bends, complex angles and original structural elements you plan, the easier and more economical it will be to build a private home.

Having decided to make a drawing of a simple but reliable house, consider measures aimed at increasing its energy efficiency. This is very important these days. Energy prices are skyrocketing. Everyone tries to minimize heating costs. Construction industry experts recommend placing the living rooms of private houses on the south side, and household rooms on the north side. This trick is the easiest and most effective way to save energy.

There are other easy ways to cut your heating bills. Having decided to draw a plan for your home, try to equip it with a reasonable number of windows, and not very large ones. You need to draw a few diagrams. Look at the results of your work. And then choose the option on which the windows look beautiful and at the same time do not have too much large area. Also, experts advise making a plan that provides for the use of high-quality modern heat insulators for various structural elements of a residential building. Good insulating materials for individual houses provide a significant reduction in the cost of maintaining a comfortable temperature in them in winter time.

The computer is the best assistant for private developers

Modern technologies allow to design a cozy house correctly. Without them now nowhere. Creating the perfect home project will require minimal effort if you use special programs. They are easy to find on the Internet. Such programs make it possible to create models of various dwellings in 3D. The results of buildings designed on a computer clearly demonstrate all their shortcomings and advantages. Models can be zoomed in and out, rotated and viewed from any angle and angle. Many home planning programs are self-distributed for free, and they are well adapted for ordinary users. Let's describe some of the most famous programs of this type.

Let's start our review with a product called SketchUp. If you want to quickly and competently complete a project at home on your computer, use this program. It's free and it's really versatile. SketchUp will design any building in 3D, help you create a chic interior or landscape design. The program has a lot of textures, makes it possible to change any structural part of the building and the scale of drawings, export drawings of the drawn up plan to CAD and PDF files.

It is very easy to work with SketchUp yourself. The program is intuitive, although it is still better to take a little training so that the quality of the drawn models is the best. You can also get lessons on creating construction documents and drawings at a professional level. Then the drawing up of plans and schemes will be even more effective.

You can also design a house with the help of more serious software - ArchiCAD. This brainchild of GRAPHISOFT is actively used by professional architects and designers. It is also popular among amateurs who want to build their own cozy cottage. ArchiCAD is a complete suite of building and interior design tools. She does everything - creates models, develops technical and construction documentation, helps to properly design stairs, fences, roofs and other elements of houses.

When planning residential buildings, she uses the most innovative visualization techniques. Note that the licensed version of ArchiCAD is not distributed free of charge. But the results of the projects made with the help of this program are so good and accurate that it’s not a pity to spend a little on it. Nuance. To create technical documentation using ArchiCAD, you will have to learn the rules for using its main tools. It is impossible to work with the program without prior training.

Another program in our review is Arcone. You can also use it after completing the training. The option "open and draw" does not work here. Arcone is a complex multifunctional product. To use it correctly, you need to study each component of the program. And only after that proceed directly to the design.

Arcone contains about 400 materials and 1300 textures, as well as about 3000 typical three-dimensional objects. Designed by true professionals, this program is used by leading architects around the world. She will also provide real help to home craftsmen if they want to achieve the ideal quality of a private home project created by their own hands.

Use modern technologies, create your dream home - comfortable, warm and reliable, and enjoy every minute spent in it. Good luck!

Who among us has not dreamed of embodying our own design solutions in our home, thus expressing our individual style and preferences? Do you want to design a private house with your own hands, but at the same time make it look like the work of a professional designer? In this article, you will learn how to make the interior of a private house fabulous and functional without resorting to ordering expensive services.

Our following tips, complete with inspirational photos and private home designs, will help you make your dream a reality. But first, let's collect the necessary tools.

Do-it-yourself private house design tools:

1. Sketch paper. It can be either a blank sheet of A3 format, or tracing paper with millimeter divisions, if you want to not only estimate the placement of objects, but also calculate all the parameters to the smallest detail.
2. Board for drawing. It is convenient in that it has a stand and fixed rulers.
3. Set of transparent rulers and triangles.
4. A simple pencil and eraser.

For those who use computers with confidence, there is also a wide range of interior design software and online applications: FloorPlan, Apartama, Sweet Home, etc. Right now you can try the English-language online application homestyler, which does not require money or registration to create detailed plan dwellings.

For inspiration on the exterior design of private houses, read:

Do-it-yourself design of a private house: we design a house updated: November 7, 2016 by: Margarita Glushko

Decided to build a cottage or cottage - you will need House project. In this article, you will learn what questions you need to answer in order to succeed. good project.

A house project can be obtained in three ways:

1. Design by yourself.
2. Find a finished house project.
3. Order a house project to an architect.

Most effective method- the third. The most daring way is the first. You can find a finished project at home, but it can be difficult to adapt it to your needs. And if there are unique features of the site, the chosen option may not be feasible at all.

For right decision The task of any of the three points is to know the basic principles of design. And even if you order a house project from a professional, being savvy in this matter will make it easier to understand with an expert and save you time and money. Quite often, when architects discuss their clients, you can hear the phrase: "He doesn't know what he wants." As a result - numerous alterations and additional costs.

The project of the house is the basis for calculating the cost of construction

At the initial stage, the construction budget is determined by architectural solutions, which include the following characteristics:

• area and dimensions of the building;
• number of storeys;
• building shape;
• roof shape;
• design of facades;
• additional architectural elements (balconies, columns, terraces, etc.).

For example, it is more expensive to build a one-story house than a two-story house of the same area, because the cost of the foundation and roof will be higher due to their larger area. And these items in the expense item are very significant.

A two-story house will cost more than a one-story house with an attic, because in the version with an attic, savings on the enclosing walls of the upper floor appear.

If the complex shape of the building appears in the project of the house, then additional calculations will be required and the cost of construction will increase. The cheapest option is a regular square box.

A double pitched roof is easy to make. Any complication of this practical constructive scheme leads to a significant increase in the cost of the project.

The original design of the facades, balconies, bay windows and other building elements that can emphasize the individuality of the owner of the house will increase costs.

An important role in determining the cost of construction will have the features of the site. Foundation, preparatory work, communications (sewerage, water supply, electricity) - their cost will be determined as a result of the analysis of the relief and soil.

Prices construction works and materials even in the same region can differ significantly from each other. An important role in resolving this issue will be played by your awareness of the local market for construction services.

An exact answer about the cost of construction can only be obtained at the final stage, when the house project is fully completed.

How to provide the required number of rooms in the project of the house?

The number of rooms in the project of the house will depend on the following issues:

• How many people are in the family?
• Is there an addition to the family?
• Will parents and grown-up children live together?
• Will your guests stay overnight?
• Do you need a secluded workplace in your home?
• What are the individual aspects of the life of future residents, with the expectation of 15-20 years ahead?

Don't skimp on ancillary facilities. Boiler room, laundry room, storage rooms, bathrooms - should provide you with a comfortable stay, and not a search for compromises in everyday life.

Built-in garage in the project of the house

Built-in garage will require special planning solutions. If the entrance to it is from the house, then an additional vestibule is needed to prevent exhaust gases from entering the living quarters. To avoid building a long ramp in front of the gate, the floor level of the garage is often placed below the basement, trying to get closer to ground level. The overlap of the garage in this case is lower than the overlap of the first floor, which in turn affects the entire layout.

House project and building site

Orientation to the cardinal points is the starting point in the design of the house. The movement of the sun will determine the location of the rooms - the illuminated living room during the day and the sleeping rooms hidden from the daylight. The prevailing winds will tell you the type of roof and the direction of the slopes.

The entrance to the site will mark the front facade, form the main compositional axes of the master plan (already at this stage, it is worth thinking about landscaping) and determine the location of auxiliary buildings: a bathhouse, a barn, a garage, etc.

Last advice

There are a lot of questions to be answered before construction starts. Therefore, do not postpone the project of the house indefinitely. Approach this matter thoroughly, without haste. A well-designed home is the key to a comfortable life.

Ask any city dweller if he dreams of a beautiful country house where you can come to relax from the hustle and gas pollution of a big metropolis. He will confidently say yes. When such a thought arises, the idea immediately comes to mind to design and build a house with your own hands, so that later you can proudly tell your friends that this is a hand-made creation. But creating a project at home is not as easy work as it seems at first glance, all calculations and the creation of the project itself require certain knowledge, and not a small fraction of skill.

When creating a project on your own, you need to take into account many different factors - starting with the geological features of the site prepared for construction and ending with the planning of all necessary communications. How to make a house project with your own hands is of interest to many future owners of suburban real estate.

Design stages

Today, there are a large number of ready-made house designs made by qualified specialists. But, as a rule, for a good project you need to pay good money. If you have at least some minimal knowledge in the field of engineering, then you can try to create a project for the future home. At the same time, you save a lot. The only rule is that the entire plan must be worked out in detail and carefully calculated. So where to start first.

Terrain reconnaissance

It is best to start designing a future house with geological studies of the area of ​​the land plot on which it is planned to build a country estate. Geological exploration will help to find out detailed data on the properties of the soil at the site and the height of groundwater. The latter is very important when planning and calculating the foundation and basements.

Note! Most the best time for geological research - late autumn or early spring. At this time, the level of occurrence of groundwater is maximum.

Basement planning

After the geological study has been carried out and a conclusion has been received, it is possible to plan the construction of the future basement. But there is one, but very significant point - if the groundwater level is high enough, the cost of the house itself can increase dramatically, sometimes up to almost 25 - 30 percent. Therefore, when planning a basement with such conditions, it would be more expedient and cheaper to build another additional room than to overpay for building a house.

Based on what the foundation will be, you can decide what material the house will be built from. After that, you can proceed to the very project of the house and drawing up drawings. The most reasonable thing in this situation, without having "advanced" engineering knowledge, is to stop at the simplest house project. Plus, besides, it will serve as a good savings, because the more curly dressings and bends, the more expensive the construction will cost. This directly concerns the roof of the house itself - the more embossed and complex it is, the more unreliable its design will be. Various bends, folds and joints will leak over time, and you will also have to invest in roof repairs.

Where will the living room be?

Note! When planning the interior, all non-residential rooms and utility rooms, as well as a kitchen and a bathroom, are best located on the northern part of the house, and residential, on the contrary, on the south side, where it is much warmer and lighter. It is worth considering the fact that the location of the windows and their size, as well as what insulation materials the house will be finished with, affect the energy efficiency of the house.

It is worth talking a little about the interior of the house. Not only comfort, but also warmth and comfort of living depend on their correct layout. Therefore, before proceeding with the planning of the house, you need to carefully calculate the dimensions of the future building, and only after that plan how many rooms there will be in the house, and what their purpose will be. To save space, you can make an entrance from the hallway into a small pantry. The kitchen may also have an additional exit to the summer veranda, so some, on the contrary, plan the kitchen on the south side. The bathroom can be combined, again to save money, or separate. It is better to plan several bedrooms so as not to crochet on the sofa in the living room. There are a lot of options, but the most important thing is to calculate them at the very beginning of the design, otherwise later, with the location of the rooms and their purpose, there may be big problems, and it will be impossible to correct this inconvenience.