What helps after a sunburn. What to do if you get sunburned? Who is most susceptible to sunburn?

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Update: October 2018

Every person has probably experienced a sunburn. Just lie in the sun for a little while or just get exposed to the sun's rays at the peak of their activity - and now the skin begins to “burn” and acquires a typical reddish tint (see).

If you are severely sunburned, the first symptoms begin to bother you within half an hour, and within a day the full clinical picture develops, including:

focal or general redness of the skin, the skin feels hot and dry to the touch
swelling, tenderness and increased sensitivity of the skin
blisters on the skin of different diameters
hyperthermia
fever, chills
skin infection (secondary infection)
headache
to the point of shock

Children, especially young ones, are characterized by changes in behavior - weakness and drowsiness or increased excitability. If a person has a sunburn, treatment should begin as soon as possible.

Degrees of sunburn

There are 4 degrees of sunburn:

Redness of the skin without blisters.
Redness of the skin with papules, blisters and general symptoms - headache, hyperthermia, fever.
Disruption of the structure of the entire dermis with damage to 60% of the skin.
Complete dehydration with suppression of kidney and heart function, including death.

What not to do if you are burned

Treatment of sunburn in the vast majority of cases is carried out at home and independently. If the injured person acts correctly, then the unpleasant symptoms will soon remain only a memory, but inept actions can significantly complicate the situation when it is no longer possible to do without the help of doctors.

A common mistake is to apply ice cubes to damaged skin. Temporary relief will result in a sad picture of the death of the epithelium and a long recovery period, possibly with cosmetic defects in the future.
If your skin is sunburned, you should not wash the damaged areas with alkaline soap, which destroys the protective skin layer, or rub the skin with a washcloth or cleanse with scrubs, since any maceration increases the inflammatory reaction.
In case of sunburn, treatment cannot be carried out by applying alcohol-containing products to the damaged skin, because alcohol causes additional dehydration.
Burns in the acute period should not be treated with Vaseline-based products, because Such products seal the pores and prevent the skin from breathing. It is also not advisable to apply lamb, pork fat, etc. during the acute period.
In no case should you pierce blisters and papules, because... this is a direct path to skin infection.
During the entire recovery period, you should not sunbathe or be in direct sunlight with unprotected skin (if necessary, only in closed clothing).
You should not drink alcoholic beverages, strong coffee and teas, as this aggravates the dehydration condition.

First aid for sunburn

The first life-saving measures for the skin and body should be started immediately for any degree of burn, especially since the degree of skin damage cannot be initially determined. The general first aid plan is as follows:

If your face or other part of your body is sunburned, you should immediately take shelter from direct sunlight. It is ideal if it is a cool room, but if this is not the case, the shade of trees or a canopy will do.
Adequately assess your condition. If you feel chills, severe headache and dizziness, nausea and weakness, you should call an ambulance, as these symptoms indicate a severe burn and possible
If your general condition is not affected, you should actively help your skin and body cope with the damaging effects of the sun:

Carefully place sterile gauze or clean pieces of cloth soaked in cool water on the damaged areas of the skin and change them as they warm up after 15-20 minutes. You can wrap yourself in a wet sheet. Actions should be gentle, without pressure and maceration. Such lotions have a double effect - they reduce pain and burning, and also moisturize the skin, preventing further destruction of its layers.

If conditions exist, you can take a general cool shower.
If the burn is local, you can use a bath of cool water and immerse the damaged part of the body there.
At the same time, it is necessary to take a sufficient amount of liquid to prevent dehydration, for example, still mineral water or regular drinking water, but in no case ice water.
To relieve pain, you can take a painkiller, for example, analgin, baralgin or aspirin.

Further actions relate to therapeutic measures and are aimed at preventing infection of damaged skin and its speedy restoration. In some cases, with mild overheating, the above measures are sufficient to improve the condition. But even if in the morning there is not a trace of yesterday’s redness left, there is no need to rush to the beach, since the skin is still under stress and needs protection from the sun.

You can independently cure sunburn on the back, face and ultraviolet damage to other localizations with satisfactory general condition and 1-2 degree burns. In all other cases, you cannot do without the help of doctors. All therapeutic measures can be divided into the following groups:

Therapy with drugs for internal use;
Treatment with external agents (creams, ointments, sprays, etc.);
Folk methods.

Preparations for internal use

Group of drugs	Action	How to use
Vitamins, especially from the group of antioxidants (A, E, C)	Promotes rapid skin regeneration, prevents malignant cell degeneration	Take according to instructions for 10-30 days.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen, )	Reduce the severity of the inflammatory reaction, relieve swelling and eliminate pain	1 tablet every 4-6 hours during the acute period
Antihistamines (Loratadine, Fenkarol, Tavegil)	Reduce itching and burning, relieve swelling, and also prevent a possible allergic reaction to external therapy (see)	According to instructions

What to apply to the skin - ointments, creams, sprays

Dexpanthenol Panthenol (spray for sunburn 160 rubles, cream 200 rubles), Bepanten (340 rubles), D-Panthenol (170-250 rubles), Dexpanthenol (90 rubles) Pantoderm (170 rubles). Panthenol Vialine after sunburn(milk price 280 rubles), its composition includes, in addition to panthenol, which restores damaged skin, vitamin F (linoleic and linolenic fatty acids), softening the skin, allantoin - a wound-healing effect and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, which has a wound-healing, anti-inflammatory and protective effect. Promotes the formation of a new skin layer and its regeneration. Application: 2-4 times a day on damaged skin until recovery. If there are infected areas, pre-treat with an antiseptic	Panthenol Vialine after sunburn
Libyan aerosol Libyan - combination drug - 210 rubles. The composition includes linetol, fish oil, lavender oil, sunflower oil, a-tocopherol acetate, anesthesin, cyminal, a mixture of freons. It accelerates metabolic reactions, has an antiseptic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. Apply: Spray once onto damaged skin during the day until recovery
Elovera ointment Elovera - extract and vitamin E Improves cellular metabolism, tissue trophism, activates skin regeneration and prevents the development of peroxide reactions. Contraindicated in children under 18 years of age. Aloe Barbados, which is part of the composition, is a biogenic stimulant that improves trophism and tissue regeneration. Vitamin E is an antioxidant, fat-soluble vitamin. Application: 2-4 times a day, apply a thin layer to the affected areas until recovery
Carotoline solution, extract (betacarotene) Carotolin regulates cellular metabolism and neutralizes the damaging effects of free radicals. Betacarotene protects cells from damage, has antioxidant properties, and protects the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays. Application: 1-2 times a day on sterile napkins, and then applied to damaged skin until recovery
Vinyl balm (polyvinyl butyl ether) Vinylin (price 50 g 200 rubles, 100 g 300 rubles). It has an anti-inflammatory and bacteriostatic effect, accelerates the regeneration and epithelization of wounds. Used as an antiseptic - disinfectant. Apply: 2-4 times a day in a thin layer directly to the affected areas or on sterile wipes until recovery
Zinc Ointment (Zinc Oxide), Desitin, Calamine Lotion Desitin (200-230 rubles), Calamine (780 rubles), zinc paste 40 rubles, ointment 30 rubles. Prevents infection of damaged skin, has a drying, slightly astringent effect, therefore it is used as a protective and anti-inflammatory agent for minor burns. Use: 2-3 times a day on damaged skin until recovery
Sea buckthorn oil Sea buckthorn oil altaivitamins (100 ml 250-350 rubles), Sea buckthorn oil cosmetic 40 rubles. It has an antibacterial effect, activates reparative processes and promotes healing. It has a general strengthening effect, cytoprotective, antioxidant. Use: 2-4 times a day on sterile wipes until recovery
Olazol aerosol (combined drug) Olazol (price 170-200 rubles) Contains: boric acid, benzocaine, chloramphenicol, sea buckthorn oil. It has a bacteriostatic effect, stimulates regeneration and promotes skin healing. To apply: before use, shake the can of anti-burn spray well, spray it on damaged skin 1-4 times a day until it heals.
Solcoseryl gel and ointment (biological preparation) Solcoseryl (160-200 rubles). Composition: deproteinized dialysate from the blood of dairy calves. Stimulates collagen formation, accelerates the growth of granulation tissue. Gel: 2-3 times a day on cleansed skin until tissue granulation; Ointment: 1-2 times a day on healing burns until complete healing
Psilo-balm (diphenhydramine) Psilo-balm (160-200 rubles), Reduces hyperemia, pain and itching, reduces swelling, reduces increased capillary permeability, has a local analgesic effect, and has a pleasant cooling effect. The gel base leaves no residue and protects the skin. Apply the gel: 3-4 times a day to the affected surface until the skin heals. It helps a lot if your skin itches after being in the sun.
Actovegin ointment (biological preparation) Actovegin ointment 90-120 rubles, cream 110-140 rubles, gel 150-180 rubles). Stimulates skin regeneration and improves local blood supply. At the beginning of use, slight pain may be felt, which then passes. Use: Twice a day on healing burns, duration of use 10-12 days
Flucinolone - glucocorticosteroids (hormonal ointment) Sinaflan (price 40 rubles) Flucinar gel and ointment 200 rubles. Reduces inflammatory and allergic reactions, has an antipruritic effect. Since this is a hormonal drug, its use is possible only as prescribed by a doctor, for a short course, with gradual withdrawal of the drug. Use: 2-4 times a day on disinfected skin areas or on dressings for no more than 5 days.
Floceta (gel price 150-200 rubles, spray 250-300 rubles), containing chamomile extract, aluminum acetotartrate. Eliminates itching and redness of the skin, has a bactericidal and wound-healing effect, cools the skin. Use: 2-3 times a day
Eplan (price 150 rubles). The drug has a regenerating, softening, wound-healing, antibacterial, analgesic, and protective effect. Accelerates the healing of wounds and thermal burns, made on the basis of polyoxy compounds and lanthanum salts. Application: lubricate the affected burn area as it absorbs and dries several times a day.
Radevit (price 320 rubles) Composition: ergocalciferol, retinol palmitate, α-tocopherol acetate. Improves the protective function of the skin, has antipruritic, reparative, softening effects. Application: apply a thin layer 2 times a day.
Fenistil gel (250 rubles), the active ingredient Dimetinden, is an antihistamine, has antipruritic, antiallergic, and analgesic effects. The effect of the gel occurs a few minutes after application to the skin. Apply 2-4 times a day.
Sudocrem has a complex composition: lanolin, synthetic wax, citric acid, lavender oil, liquid paraffin, benzyl cinnamate, benzyl benzoate, zinc oxide, benzyl alcohol, linalyl acetate, propylene glycol, butylated hydroxyanisole. It is used on burns as a wound-healing, anesthetic, and emollient.

Folk remedies

Folk method	Action and effect	Application
Regular wet wipe without perfume additives	Cools, prevents skin from drying out and reduces pain	At the first symptoms, apply napkins to the damaged skin and change them as they dry.
Ice or freezer food	Cools and soothes the skin, reduces pain and redness	Place the ice at a distance of 5-10 cm from the damaged skin and hold it until relief occurs.
Egg white	Eliminates pain, soothes the skin, prevents dry skin	Apply cooled protein to damaged skin until dry, then reapply
Cold kefir, natural yogurt or curdled milk	Eliminates pain, soothes skin	Apply to affected skin without letting it dry out
Lavender oil (you can make it yourself by adding a couple of drops of lavender essential oil to any vegetable oil)	Eliminates redness, pain, prevents infection	Apply to a sterile napkin and apply to the burn for several hours
Watermelon juice	Eliminates pain and itching, relieves swelling of the skin	Freshly squeezed juice is used as a lotion on damaged skin or soaked in napkins and applied to burns.
Lotions from an infusion of mint leaves (fresh or dry leaves of the plant are poured with boiling water and cooled)	Eliminate pain and itching, soothe and cool the skin, prevent infection
Grated potato gruel (or carrots, pumpkin, beets)	Has an astringent effect, reduces pain and burning, eliminates itching	Apply to affected skin or use as compresses
Lotions from an infusion of nettle flowers (a handful of flowers are poured with a glass of boiling water and cooled)	Have an antiseptic effect, promote skin regeneration	Apply to a sterile napkin and apply to the affected areas
Soda solution (1 tablespoon of soda per glass of chilled boiled water)	Have an antiseptic effect, eliminates itching and burning, reduces swelling	Lubricate the affected areas or apply in the form of compresses on sterile napkins
Lotions made from fresh clover flowers (doused with boiling water and wrapped in gauze)	Eliminate pain and itching, prevent infection	Apply to affected skin until dry
Clay lotions (clay is mixed with water to a liquid dough-like state)	Relieves pain, promotes skin regeneration and prevents the formation of blisters	Soak a clean cloth and apply to the affected areas, without allowing the cloth to dry.
Mumiyo 2%	Prevents infection, promotes skin regeneration	Apply the solution to the damaged areas after 3 hours

Based on the above, it is clear that if a sunburn occurs, what to apply is an individual choice for everyone. In any case, time will be an assistant in treatment, since not a single drug or folk method can help in a few hours.

Who shouldn't sunbathe?

babies under 1 year old
To old people
pregnant women
persons taking certain medications (antibiotics, corticosteroids, antidepressants, NSAIDs, etc.) that can cause photosensitivity (photodermatoses, see)
persons sick), tuberculosis, cardiovascular diseases,.

Prevention

In order not to get sunburned, it is enough to completely eliminate contact with the sun's rays, but this is practically impossible and unnecessary, because it is thanks to these rays that our skin is able to produce vitamin D. How not to get sunburned and at the same time get a beautiful tan - this question is especially relevant in summer season.

Initially, you should proceed from the capabilities of your skin, since not a single cream will save you if your skin is susceptible to sunburn and tans very poorly. Such “aristocratic” skin requires constant protection with clothing and creams, and if you had to sunbathe, then you need to do it in the shade, under reflected rays. For people who tolerate the sun well, tips for safe tanning are no less relevant, since they are the ones who most often become victims of the sun, unnoticed by sunburn and without feeling the symptoms of burns for a long time.

When choosing a tanning cream, the main purpose of which is to protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation, you should look at the protection factor, since it is this that is decisive, and not the brand of the cosmetic product. Children and people with pale skin need to choose creams with a protection factor of 30-50 SPF, and only then switch to products with protection 15-30 SPF, which are recommended for tanning for the majority of the population.

The cream should have an ultraviolet blocking effect. There are also shielding creams, but their protection is worse and they often cause allergic reactions. It is important that the cream adheres well to the skin and does not wash off at the slightest contact with water.

A bottle of drinking water not only saves you from thirst, but also prevents dehydration, so you shouldn’t forget about your drinking regime.

The most important recommendation is moderation. Contact with the sun's rays should begin with a short time period of 5-10 minutes and gradually increase it, avoiding hours with high solar activity (12-15 hours of the day).

Let your tan be beautiful and your skin healthy!

In the last decade, sunscreen cosmetics (lotions, creams, oils, sprays) have taken a strong place in the travel bags of vacationers. When heading to the beach, many people pack an arsenal of sunscreen in hopes of protecting themselves and their family from sunburn.

Determining the degree of sunburn

Sunburn is an inflammation of the skin caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. There are three degrees of burn: weak, medium, strong.

The level of damage directly depends on several factors:

Time spent under ultraviolet rays, radiation is most intense between 10 am and 4 pm;
The presence of reflective surfaces near the human body (water, sand, snow, ice);
Time of year – the sun is most active in spring, summer, early autumn;
Altitude, due to the low filtration of ultraviolet rays at high altitudes, the severity of sunburn is higher;
Skin type.

Let's talk in more detail about the symptoms and signs characteristic of one degree or another.

Mild burn

Symptoms (redness, dryness) appear 3-7 hours after exposure to the celestial body. The peak of pain occurs 12-14 hours after sunbathing. Often such lesions go away quickly, within 1-2 days, and leave behind only a more intense tan.

Moderate burn

The affected area turns red, swelling and pain appear. At the recovery stage (3-6 days), dry, burned skin is rejected (flakes). Thanks to regeneration, the dermis under the flaky layer will already be renewed.

Severe sunburn

In addition to damage to the skin (redness, swelling, blisters), severe sunburn is accompanied by the following symptoms: fever; dizziness; chills; nausea; increased heart rate and breathing; dehydration; loss of consciousness.

In the long term, such an injury is dangerous:

Increases the risk of developing skin cancer, especially in children;
Exacerbates diseases such as psoriasis, arthritis, dermatitis, urticaria;
Promotes the development of cataracts, which can lead to blindness;
It causes changes in the structure of the dermis: wrinkles and age spots appear.

First aid

If you do become a victim of the aggressive rays of a heavenly body, it is worth remembering the rules of first aid:

Hide from the sun indoors;
To relieve fever and pain, apply a cold compress or take a cool shower;
If the pain is intense, take painkillers (“Analgin”, “Paracetamol”, “Tempalgin”);
Apply anti-burn agent (Panthenol);
If there are small blisters, apply a bandage to prevent infection;
If you have symptoms of severe sun damage, call a doctor.

You should immediately consult a doctor if:

The skin of the face is affected - such injuries often heal with difficulty and may be accompanied by the formation of scars or other defects in the dermis;
There is an extensive lesion with large watery blisters anywhere on the body;
Damage to the dermis is accompanied by the formation of blisters with bloody contents.

When providing first aid, it is important to remember that it is strictly prohibited:

Treat the affected areas with alcohol-containing products, which will increase not only the pain, but also the affected area;
Treat the injured area with soap or gel-based hygiene products; the chemical compounds they contain can cause allergies;
Use fatty creams to treat the burned area, since fats will prevent the skin from cooling and will only increase the affected area.

Treatment for severe sunburn

During treatment, additional treatment with moisturizing and regenerating agents is required, for example "Panthenol", "Rescuer". The most severe pain, discomfort and possible unpleasant consequences are fraught with severe sunburn. Successful treatment of such injuries consists of stages.

Treatment of blisters. Small blisters do not open and ointments or creams with an antiseptic and wound-healing effect are used for external use ( “Panthenol”, “Bepanten”, “Actovegin”, “Rescuer”, “Agrosulfan”, “Sintomycin”, “Methyluracil”, “Levosin”, “Fastin”).

Large blisters must be opened in a medical facility. If it was torn off accidentally and becomes infected, or the lesion is represented by wounds of various sizes and depths, treatment should be carried out according to the rules for the treatment of thermal injuries.

After the blisters are treated, actions should be aimed at:

To reduce pain, you can take Ibuprofen;
Will help prevent inflammation "Paracetamol", "Analgin", "Aspirin";
Antihistamines will help relieve allergic syndrome, which manifests itself as swelling. "Claritin" "Loratadine";
Prevention of dehydration of the body, for this you need to drink at least 2.5 liters of fluid per day;
Absolute exclusion of the harmful effects of sunlight for some time after recovery;
Taking vitamins to renew the skin, vitamins E, C, D will help the dermis recover.

Review of anti-burn agents

The most effective external medications include the following:

"Panthenol". Moisturizes, protects, regenerates damaged tissues.
"Solcoseryl". It has a powerful wound-healing effect and restores damaged skin.
"Methyluracil". Ointment based on methyluracil. Stimulates tissue regeneration and restoration during superficial and severe injuries of this kind during the healing stage.
"Miramistin". It has good antibacterial activity and is used in the first stage of treating burnt skin of any complexity.
"Agrosulfan". Silver in the composition of the drug has a good barrier effect for severe sun damage to the skin without discharge.
"Oflocain". Moisturizes, promotes the rejection of dead tissue, protects the wound surface. The lidocaine contained in the composition relieves pain.
"Fastin". Ointment based on furacilin, anesthesin, synthomycin. Effective in cases of superficial lesions or severe ones in the healing stage.
"Rescuer" . The plant extracts and beeswax included in the composition create a protective film on the affected skin and have a softening, protective, analgesic and wound-healing effect.
"Kremgen". Fights swelling and has an antimicrobial effect.
"Bepanten". The active ingredient - dexpanthenol - cools, relieves pain, chlorhexidine has an antimicrobial effect.
"Actovegin". Regenerates damaged dermis and promotes healing.

Preventing sunburn

A severe sunburn causes a lot of inconvenience and often causes a spoiled holiday. To prevent skin injury, you should correctly determine its type and sunbathe according to the rules defined for it.

In dermatology, there are 6 skin types depending on sensitivity to UV radiation:

1 type The owners are mostly blue-eyed people with very fair skin (blond, red-haired), not prone to tanning. To get a burn, it is enough to spend 15-20 minutes in the sun in the afternoon.
Type 2 Inherent in blondes, owners of light brown or light brown hair with a light shade of eyes. The skin is slightly darker than type 1, a light tan is possible. With a short stay (30 minutes) in the sun it burns easily.
Type 3 Skin light, medium-light or with olive undertones. Wearers may receive a moderate burn (40 minutes of exposure to ultraviolet rays) or a light brown tan.
Type 4 Occurs in dark-haired people with dark eyes. Olive skin color and low risk of sunburn (may turn slightly pink after 60-90 minutes in the sun). Tans to medium brown.
Type 5 Common to residents of the Middle East or people with African-American roots. The skin is dark and easily (within 2 hours) gets a dark tan without the possibility of getting burned.
Type 6 Black skin, not prone to burns.

In addition, they are at increased risk.

Sunburn is a condition that is familiar to almost every person, because for this it is enough to spend a little more than usual time on the beach or simply get exposed to direct sunlight and stay under it for 20-30 minutes. The sooner treatment of a burn is started, the greater the chance of avoiding its unpleasant consequences: the appearance of blisters,...

Signs of sunburn

If a person is sunburned, the first signs of the burn will appear within half an hour, and over the next 24 hours all the typical symptoms will develop. These include:

Redness of the skin - it can be focal or general; the skin in these places will feel hot to the touch.
The skin in areas affected by the sun's rays becomes swollen and painful.
Blisters appear at the burn sites - they can be of different sizes, but are always accompanied by intense itching.
body – most often there are low-grade fevers accompanied by chills.
Occurs - depending on the degree of sunburn, this parameter may vary; in especially severe cases, dehydration leads to a state of shock.
, general weakness and signs of intoxication of the body - may also be present.

If a person has received a sunburn, then treatment should be started as quickly as possible - such an aggressive effect on the body can result in serious complications.

Classification of sunburn

In medicine, there is a clear classification of the condition in question - there are 4 degrees of the disease:

1st degree– will be characterized only by redness of the skin and the absence of blisters;
2nd degree– it is characterized by redness of the skin, the appearance of blisters, and the appearance of general symptoms of sunburn (headache, slight increase in body temperature, general weakness);
3rd degree– the structure of all skin is disrupted, 60% of the skin is damaged;
4th degree– a person is completely dehydrated, heart failure develops, and death often occurs.

Very often, people begin to independently select methods for treating sunburn, and they are not always competent. Such a careless approach to your own health or the health of loved ones can lead to serious complications.

What absolutely should not be done if you have sunburn

If you do not know the contraindications for the condition in question, then solving the problem yourself can lead to the fact that only qualified doctors can alleviate the patient’s condition.

What not to do if you have sunburn:

Rub the burned skin with pieces of ice. This brings instant relief, but the consequences can be really terrible - the damaged epithelium will begin to die, which leads to inflammatory processes and a long period of rehabilitation. By the way, it is likely that even after treatment there will be cosmetic defects on the skin.
Do not wash damaged areas of the skin with alkaline soap or use a scrub - such an effect on thin skin leads to the development of inflammatory processes.
Under no circumstances should sunburn be wiped with alcohol or any alcohol-containing products - this causes severe dehydration, and the body already suffers from dehydration.
If the sunburn occurs in an acute form, then it should not be treated with medical Vaseline or badger/lamb/pork fat. The fact is that these products will clog the pores and the skin will not be able to breathe.
It is also highly not recommended to pierce blisters or papules on your own in areas of sunburn - with a 98% probability, a secondary infection will develop at the site of skin damage.
In the acute period of the condition in question, you should not drink alcoholic beverages either - they increase dehydration of the body.

First aid for sunburn

First aid for sunburn should be provided immediately, because in the first minutes after direct and/or prolonged exposure to sunlight, the degree of damage cannot be determined. What does first aid mean for a sunburn?

You must immediately take shelter from the sun's rays. The best option would be a cool room, but as a last resort, the shade of a tree or an outdoor canopy will do.
You need to assess your own condition and do it adequately. If you feel mild, nausea, chills and headache, then it is advisable to call an ambulance - most likely, the sunburn is serious and is complicated.
In the case of a normal general condition, you need to help the body and skin cope with:

All other actions are classified as therapeutic. But even if the above measures brought relief and the condition returned to normal/stabilized, you should not go outside in direct sunlight the next day. The fact is that the skin is under stress and needs to recover.

How to treat sunburn

You need to remember that you can treat sunburn yourself, but only if they are 1-2 degrees. In all other cases, it is recommended to seek medical help - doctors will assess the patient’s condition and select adequate therapy. As a rule, the following drugs are prescribed as part of the treatment of sunburn:

Ointments, creams and sprays

It is very important to use topical treatments for sunburn. These include:

Dexpanthenol

This is a large group of drugs that contain panthenol. These products accelerate skin regeneration, relieve inflammation, relieve the patient from itching, and have a protective and wound-healing effect.

How to apply correctly: Dexpanthenol is applied to areas with damaged skin 2-4 times a day until the skin is completely restored. If there is an infection on the burn areas, then before applying this drug, the area must be treated with an antiseptic.

Aerosol Libyan

This product contains fish oil, a mixture of freons, lavender oil, anesthesin, sunflower oil, linetol and tocopherol acetate. The aerosol has an anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and analgesic effect.

How to use correctly: during the day you need to spray the product directly onto the affected area of the skin once. You can use Libyan aerosol until complete recovery.

Elover ointment

Based on the name of this medicine, you can understand that the ointment contains vitamin E and aloe extract. The ointment accelerates regenerative processes in the skin, improves cellular metabolism and tissue trophism.

How to use correctly: 2-4 times a day, the ointment should be applied to damaged areas of the skin in a thin layer.

Note:Elovera ointment is strictly contraindicated for use in the treatment of sunburn in patients under the age of 18 years.

Carotolin solution

This solution not only accelerates the healing process, but also reduces the manifestations of the inflammatory process, relieves redness and heat in the affected area. In addition, when used, the solution has a cooling effect - the person becomes much lighter and more comfortable.

How to use correctly: Apply Karotolin solution to a sterile gauze napkin (the napkin should be well soaked) and apply it to sunburn areas. There is no need to apply any bandages on top. Such lotions can be done 2-3 times a day.

Zinc Ointment, Desitin and Calamine Lotion

These drugs have a drying effect and prevent the development of secondary infection in areas of sunburn. Most often, the drugs in question are used to treat minor sunburns.

How to use correctly: apply the products 2-3 times a day directly to damaged skin.

Aerosol Olazol

The aerosol perfectly relieves inflammation, accelerates healing and significantly alleviates the patient’s condition.

How to use correctly: spray over the affected areas of the skin 2-3 times a day. You can use this product immediately after getting a sunburn, so this aerosol should be in your first aid kit.

Solcoseryl ointment and gel

The composition of these products is complex; the main component is deproteinized dialysate from the blood of calves. Solcoseryl (both ointment and gel) accelerates the growth of granulation tissue and promotes better collagen formation.

How to use correctly: Solcoseryl gel is applied to sunburn 2-3 times a day, first you need to clean the wound with an antiseptic. It is the gel that is used before tissue granulation, and then Solcoseryl ointment must be applied - it is applied 1-2 times a day to the wounds until complete healing.

Psilo-balm

It has an excellent analgesic effect (local), relieves itching and swelling, and has a cooling effect when applied. It is very important that this balm is instantly absorbed into the skin and does not leave any marks on clothes.

How to apply correctly: Psilo-balm is applied to the affected areas of the skin 2-3 times a day until complete recovery. The same drug helps get rid of itchy skin during sun exposure.

Actovegin ointment

This is a biological drug that significantly shortens the treatment period for sunburn. When applied to the skin, the patient may feel a mild pain that quickly passes.

How to use correctly: burn areas are lubricated with ointment 2-3 times a day until complete recovery.

Sinaflan

This ointment belongs to the hormonal group, so using it on your own to treat sunburn is strictly prohibited - you need to get a prescription from your doctor. Sinaflan can reduce the intensity of itching, reduce inflammation and relieve allergic reactions.

How to use correctly: the exact dosage and duration of use of Sinaflan will be indicated by the attending physician, but this drug is always prescribed in a short course.

Floceta gel;
Eplan;
Radevit;
Fenistil gel;
Sudocrem.

Folk remedies for the treatment of sunburn

Of course, the condition in question has a long history, which is why there are a lot of folk methods that can alleviate the condition of the victim and speed up the healing of the affected areas of the skin.

The most effective folk methods for treating sunburn:

A wet wipe without any perfume additives. It can be applied to burns, which will bring quick relief.
Refrigerator freezer food or ice. They cannot be applied directly to burns, but it is allowed to cover the affected areas at a distance of 5 cm over healthy skin. This procedure will relieve fever, alleviate the condition and reduce pain.
Protein . Lightly beat it and apply it to the burn, leave until completely dry and repeat the procedure. Protein reduces pain and prevents dry skin.
Ryazhenka, sour cream, natural without flavoring additives, . These fermented milk products perfectly relieve fever, prevent dry skin, and alleviate the patient’s condition. Fermented milk products are applied directly to the burned skin; they must not be allowed to dry out - they must be removed in time with a napkin.
Lavender oil. It is dripped onto a gauze pad and applied to the affected area of the skin. The procedure relieves pain, has an anti-inflammatory and cooling effect. It is quite possible to prepare lavender oil yourself - you need to take any vegetable oil and add a few drops of lavender essential oil to it.
Watermelon juice. They moisten a gauze cloth with it and apply it to sunburns. You can use not the juice, but the pulp of the watermelon. This sweet berry will relieve pain, reduce itching and relieve fever.
Grated potato gruel (you can use carrots or pumpkin). Apply the paste directly to the affected areas of the skin, or make compresses from it. This procedure will reduce burning and pain and relieve inflammation.
Infusion from. To prepare it, you can use both fresh and dry leaves of the plant - simply pour boiling water over them and leave for 20-30 minutes. Then gauze wipes are soaked in the infusion and applied to the affected areas of the skin. Mint will not only cool you, but will also prevent infection and relieve itching and redness.
Lotions made of clay. You need to mix the clay with water until it has a homogeneous consistency. Then the resulting mixture is applied to the wound and left until completely dry. Clay prevents the development of inflammation and the appearance of blisters.
Soda solution. To prepare it, use baking soda in the proportion of 1 tablespoon per glass of warm water. Then gauze pads are soaked in the solution and applied to the burned areas of the skin. The procedure will help get rid of the feeling of tightness in the affected areas and prevent the development of the inflammatory process.

Preventive measures

Of course, the best option for protection against sunburn is to completely avoid exposure to the sun. But this is also not an option - the body must receive the necessary dose. Therefore, you can prevent the occurrence of sunburn by adhering to the following recommendations from doctors:

Be sure to use a cream with UV protection.
In hot weather, you should always have a bottle of clean water with you (not a sweet drink, juice or compote!) - this will not only make you feel better in the heat, but will also prevent dehydration.

The summer sun is not always gentle. If you lie under it for a while on the beach, you can easily get a sunburn on your skin. Redness, stinging, soreness, and even blisters are unpleasant consequences of excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. How to quickly help damaged skin and relieve unpleasant symptoms? There are folk remedies for sunburn and medications. In this article we will tell you everything about the methods of treating a burn and first aid to the victim.

Symptoms depend on the photosensitivity of the human dermis and the intensity of exposure to UV rays.

With a burn (solar erythema), the following symptoms may occur:

The victim may also experience symptoms of sunstroke:

Increased body temperature.
Chills, fever.
Nausea, vomiting.
Dizziness, headache.
Dehydration.
General malaise.
Fainting.

Degrees of sunburn:

Second degree sunburn - blisters appear

1st degree– the skin is red, there are no blisters.

2nd degree– redness is accompanied by blisters and poor health.

3rd degree– more than 50% of the skin is damaged, blisters are present, the condition may be accompanied by fever and loss of consciousness.

4th degree– along with extensive damage to the epidermis, dehydration develops, which can lead to heart and kidney failure. In some particularly severe cases, death occurs.

Why are sunburns dangerous?

Excessive exposure of the epidermis to UV rays can cause serious injury. The consequences of a sunburn, if the necessary measures are not taken in time, can lead to skin damage, scars, long-healing wounds, erosions, and cracks.

Solar radiation stimulates the formation of all kinds of age spots, moles, and nevi on the skin. Any benign neoplasm has a risk of degenerating into malignant. People who tan a lot have skin that ages much faster.

Intense tanning can also cause chronic photodermatosis - an allergy to the sun. The disease manifests itself in the form of various reactions from ultraviolet exposure: rash, hives, itching, spots on the body, peeling.

Dermatologists warn that the more often a person gets sunburned, the higher the likelihood of developing skin cancer in his body.

Now let's look at how and with what to treat sunburn.

What to do if you get a sunburn?

Regardless of the degree of sunburn a person has received and what the symptoms are, it is necessary to provide first aid, which includes three main actions. Let's look at them below.

1. Replenish moisture

Click on the picture to enlarge

The sun literally evaporates moisture from the body. The “burnt” person needs to drink as much clean water as possible to replenish the fluid balance in the body. If the victim is hypotensive, heatstroke may lower his blood pressure even further. In this case, it is recommended to give the burned person strong, sweet tea or coffee along with water.

2. Cooling the body

First aid for sunburn involves lowering the temperature of the top layer of skin. Usually after a burn it becomes very hot and the victim feels feverish. You can lower the temperature by taking a cool shower or bath. The water should not be too cold. You can take water procedures to improve your well-being several times a day. There is no need to wipe your skin after a shower; you should let it dry naturally.

3. Pain relief

Those who have erythema may experience symptoms similar to a cold: body aches, headache, chills. Painkillers will help relieve these ailments, as well as reduce the soreness of the dermis: Analgin, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Ibuklin, Nurofen.

Important! If a person has received the necessary first aid for a sunburn, but his condition does not improve, call an ambulance! Due to dehydration, the functioning of some internal organs may be impaired.

You should also immediately contact the clinic for 3rd and 4th degree burns.

When the first measures have been taken, treatment of the affected epidermis should begin.

How to treat sunburn

So, let's look at what to do if you get a sunburn, how and with what help you can quickly revive your skin.

Drug treatment (ointments, gels, creams, aerosols)

In the pharmacy you can find quite a lot of drugs that restore the burnt layer of the epidermis and minimize the negative consequences of sunburn.

Hydrocortisone

Hormone-containing ointment, quickly relieves swelling, swelling, itching, reduces soreness of the dermis. The product is applied in a thin layer to the affected area of the body 2-3 times a day.

Use it with caution and no more than 5-6 days in a row. The drug has many contraindications, which you should definitely read before using it.

Carotolin solution

A very effective natural remedy for sunburn. The oil solution is made from rose hips and is rich in components that quickly regenerate the skin and help restore it even after the most severe burns. The drug has anti-inflammatory properties and protects damaged tissues from infection. It also has moisturizing and softening effects.

The skin is smeared with Karotolin 3-5 times a day until complete recovery. Contraindications for the product are minimal: hypervitaminosis A, hypersensitivity to the components.

Linetol

The drug is available in the form of an oily liquid and ointment. This is another very effective remedy for applying to sunburn, even in severe cases. Linetol is made from flaxseed oil, rich in fatty acids. Promotes rapid restoration of the epidermis, regenerates damaged cells, nourishes, moisturizes, relieves pain. Oil/ointment is used 2-4 times a day.

Elover ointment

The product consists of aloe vera extract and vitamin E. Accelerates tissue trophism, damage healing, moisturizes the skin, helps with swelling, itching, and peeling. The ointment should not be used by children under 18 years of age; otherwise, contraindications are minimal. The drug is applied to the skin 2-5 times a day in a thin layer.

Cream Bepanten

The main active ingredient of the cream is dexpanthenol. The component heals, regenerates epidermal cells, relieves redness, irritation, reduces pain, burning, swelling.

Bepanten is used for sunburn 2-4 times a day. How many days to apply the product depends on how badly the body is damaged. The cream has virtually no contraindications and can be used by children. There are also similar drugs that have the same composition: D-panthenol, Pantenstin, Dexpanthenol, Panthenol spray. Overall, this is the best and most popular remedy for sunburn, available in almost all pharmacies.

Aerosol Olazol

A spray based on sea buckthorn oil has antiseptic and analgesic properties. Olazol accelerates wound healing and prevents the spread of bacteria. It is recommended to use this anti-sunburn spray for blisters, erosions and other weeping wounds.

The aerosol is applied to the area of ulcers 2 to 5 times a day. Do not use for kidney disease, nursing mothers or pregnancy.

Solcoseryl

The drug is available in the form of ointment and gel. They can cure severe, blistering sunburns and difficult-to-heal wounds. The components included in the product improve tissue trophism, accelerate healing processes, and prevent infections from penetrating into the affected areas. Apply a thin layer of ointment or gel 2-4 times a day.

Skin restoration after using Solcoseryl occurs much faster, the likelihood of post-burn scars and age spots is reduced.

Sinaflan

This is a corticosteroid (hormonal) ointment that can relieve many symptoms of dermatological lesions. Burns should be treated with Sinaflan with caution and no more than the specified period.

Despite the many contraindications that such drugs have, it is sometimes necessary to use hormonal ointments to quickly alleviate the severe consequences of erythema.

Psilo-balm

Treatment of sunburn with balm is effective only if it is 1st degree without blisters. This is a good remedy for itching, redness, and peeling. If you have a strong tan, the medicine may not give the desired effect.

The balm is applied to the body 2-4 times a day until symptoms disappear completely.

Floceta gel

Also available in spray form. The medicine contains chamomile and calendula extract, antiseptic and bactericidal components. Effectively relieves itching after sunburn, burning, redness, and soreness. Heals weeping wounds, promotes regeneration of the epidermis. The gel (spray) can be applied to the skin up to 5 times per tap.

Radevit

The medication contains retinol and α-tocopherol acetate - powerful regenerating substances. Radevit is available in the form of an ointment. Helps with burns, dermatoses and other damage to the skin. Use the drug 2-3 times a day.

Traditional methods of treatment

It is not always possible to visit a pharmacy and buy the necessary medications. In such situations, treatment of sunburn with folk remedies comes to the rescue.

Aloe

The leaves of the homemade aloe plant contain healing juice. It treats ulcers, eczema, dermatitis, burns. Many people use it for problematic facial skin.

Aloe for sunburn is used as follows: squeeze the juice out of the leaves, and using a cotton or gauze swab, apply it to the affected area of the body up to 6 times a day. There is no need to rinse off the juice. Healing occurs very quickly.

Kalanchoe

The plant has the same properties as aloe. It is used in the same way - by lubricating painful, burned areas of the skin with juice.

Potato masks

You got a sunburn far from “civilization.” What to do if you have neither medicines nor any special cosmetics at hand? Ordinary potatoes, which will probably be found nearby, will save you.

Raw potatoes are grated and the paste is applied to the burn. The vegetable helps relieve unpleasant symptoms and promotes healing of the epidermis.

Herbal lotions

Herbal tinctures and decoctions are an affordable and effective remedy that can be used to treat sunburn at home.

Chamomile, oak bark, sage, string, mint, calendula - these plants will help heal burnt areas of the body.

Herbal tinctures and decoctions are an excellent folk remedy for the treatment of sunburn.

Herbs can be brewed separately and mixed with each other. For 1 glass of boiling water take 1 tbsp. l. dry grass. The infusion is kept for 3 hours, then filtered. A swab is moistened in the liquid and the erythema is wiped with it every half hour. As healing progresses, the intervals are shortened. If the burn is severe, you can make a lotion by applying gauze soaked in herbal decoction to the area for half an hour to an hour.

Sauerkraut juice

If you have sauerkraut in the house, its juice will help reduce the unpleasant effects of excessive tanning. Cabbage relieves skin itching, relieves swelling, helps return the body to normal color, eliminating redness. Apply the juice to the damaged area up to 5 times a day.

Oils

Olive, sea buckthorn, almond, peach, flaxseed, rose, pumpkin - all these oils have excellent healing, moisturizing, and antiseptic properties. The skin is lubricated with a thin layer of any of the oils listed above several times a day.

What to do if you have a sunburn on your face?

Facial skin is more delicate and sensitive. Moreover, she is constantly in sight. What to do if ultraviolet light burns your face, how to quickly eliminate the symptoms? Let's consider the most effective remedies and recipes on how to cure a sunburn on the face.

Medicines

Not all medications can be used on this area of the body.

To eliminate a burn with redness on the face from the sun and not harm the body, you can use the following medications:

Bepanten
Linetol
Karotelin solution
Radevit
Elover ointment.

It is better not to use hormonal ointments for such sensitive areas unless prescribed by a doctor.

If sunburn occurs on the face, treatment can be done based on folk recipes.

Oatmeal mask

It is advisable to grind the oatmeal in a blender to make it easier to apply the mask. A handful of flakes are steamed with boiling water for 20 minutes, then applied to the face for 25-30 minutes. The mask is washed off with cool water, after which the skin is moisturized with cream.

Cucumber mask

A very effective folk remedy is a cucumber mask. Cucumber is grated on a fine grater and applied to the face for 20-30 minutes. The mask relieves soreness, redness, swelling, and heals the epidermis.

Green tea

If a sunburn occurs on the face or body, treatment can be carried out with ordinary green tea leaves. Tea has anti-inflammatory properties, activates cell regeneration, and has antibacterial properties.

Brew green tea stronger (1 tablespoon per glass) and when it cools down, wipe your face with it every hour.

How to quickly heal sunburn blisters

What to do for a sunburn at home if blisters appear? Such damage to the body belongs to type 2, 3. Bubbles create severe discomfort and are sometimes frightening in appearance. If it is not possible to go to the hospital, you can help yourself or a loved one on your own.

Steps to Take to Get Rid of Sunburn Blisters Quickly

Sunburn blisters need to be punctured to speed up the healing of the skin.

You will need:

Antiseptic
Syringe
Hydrogen peroxide.

Treat your hands and affected area with an antiseptic. Remove the needle from the syringe and carefully pierce the bubble with it. Squeeze out the liquid, collecting it with a cotton swab. Press the blister onto the skin, treat it with an antiseptic again and let the opened blister dry slightly. After some time (an hour or two), you can treat the skin with a medicinal preparation.

You should not cut out the blisters yourself; this is done in a hospital setting, otherwise there is a high risk of developing a secondary infection.

How to quickly relieve swelling?

Severe swelling of the legs, face, and body after a sunburn can occur as a result of an allergic reaction to ultraviolet radiation. In such a situation, it is necessary to take an antihistamine (Suprastin, Zodak, Claritin, Gismanal, Zyrtec).

Zodak for quick relief from swelling

Swelling of the skin due to sunburn will help relieve a bath or lotion with a series. If the body is very swollen, it is better to call an ambulance, since swelling of the internal organs may occur during the histamine reaction.

How to cure a child's sunburn?

A child has a sunburn on his skin, what should he apply, since not all medications can be used by children?

Ointments (gels, creams) that children can:

Bepanten and its analogues
Cream Rescuer
La-cree

You can also treat your child's skin with herbal infusions, oils, and green tea.

How long do UV burns last?

If you have received a sunburn and provided first aid, healing will be faster. It is impossible to give exact dates; it all depends on the degree of tanning, the structure of the skin, the health of the victim, and treatment methods.

On average, within 3-4 days it is possible to reduce all pain and redness. Complete tissue regeneration can take from 7 to 30 days.

While the sunburn is passing, under no circumstances should you expose your body to ultraviolet rays again. If more than 10 days have passed and the weeping wounds are not healing, consult a doctor.

These were the most effective methods to get rid of sunburn and restore skin. Don't forget that tanning is healthy and safe only in moderation.

Thank you

The site provides reference information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!

Treatment of sunburn

In most cases, treatment sunburn symptomatic. This means that drugs are used that can reduce the symptoms and manifestations of the disease. Most sunburns go away on their own and without any treatment at all. However, patients are still advised to be vigilant about such skin lesions. There is a risk of long-term cosmetic defects and sometimes a variety of complications.

ARGOSULFAN® cream promotes the healing of abrasions and small wounds. The combination of the antibacterial component silver sulfathiazole and silver ions helps provide a wide spectrum of antibacterial action of the cream. The drug can be applied not only to wounds located on open areas of the body, but also under bandages. The product has not only a wound healing, but also an antimicrobial effect, and in addition, promotes wound healing without a rough scar.
There are contraindications. You need to read the instructions or consult a specialist.

The treatment for sunburn should be as follows:

For mild sunburns of a small area ( 1 – 2 palms) no treatment is required. The skin will recover on its own. If desired, you can use moisturizing creams or balms with an anesthetic effect to reduce symptoms.
In case of severe itching, severe swelling or rash, ointments with an antiallergic effect should be used. It is also worth consulting a doctor for preventive consultation.
For mild burns of a large area ( the entire back, stomach and chest, both legs, etc.) it is best not to put stress on the body for several days. Ointments and creams with analgesic and sedative effects are also used. If you experience swelling in the legs, nausea or vomiting, it is better to consult a doctor, although these general symptoms usually go away on their own. Sometimes such patients are prescribed painkillers in the form of tablets or injections. If you have chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease or other organs, you should definitely consult a doctor. Even a mild sunburn over a large area can cause an exacerbation of more serious pathologies.
Severe burns cause blisters and other visible damage to the skin ( cracks, skin peeling, etc.). In these cases, there is a risk of complications, cosmetic defects and infection. Such burns require more careful care. The surface should be treated with disinfectant ointments or gels until the active healing process begins. If you have difficulty caring for such a burn, it is better to consult a doctor.
In case of complications, medical attention is almost always required. In each individual case, the patient will be prescribed a specific course of treatment ( cosmetic - for the appearance of moles or age spots, antibiotics - for the development of infection, etc.).

First aid after sunburn

First aid, which is provided to the patient in the first hours after receiving a burn, is of great importance. Often at this point no external signs and symptoms appear on the skin. However, correct actions at this stage can reduce the effects of ultraviolet radiation in the future, and incorrect actions, on the contrary, can increase them.

In the first hours after receiving a sunburn, it is advisable to carry out the following therapeutic measures:

stop exposing your skin to sunlight ( It’s better to take shelter indoors rather than just step into the shade or cover the burn area with a cloth);
shower with water at room temperature or apply a compress to the affected area ( A very cold compress or ice should not be applied, as this will cause vasospasm, disrupt the blood supply to cells and lead to more severe tissue damage);
take a shower for 5 - 10 minutes to normalize body temperature, keep the compress for 10 - 15 minutes;
use of moisturizers ( possible even before redness and severe pain appear).

If the burn is severe and symptoms appear quickly ( blisters, cracks, skin peeling) Antiseptic creams, gels or powders are applied to the affected area. Cover the burn itself with a sterile bandage, but do not tighten it tightly so as not to impair blood flow. All these manipulations will reduce skin damage at an early stage. Symptoms of the burn will still likely appear, but they will not be as severe.

Which doctor should I contact if I have a sunburn?

In the vast majority of cases, sunburn affects various areas of a person's skin, so the obvious solution is to consult a dermatologist. However, in case of minor burns ( only local tenderness and redness) In principle, you don’t have to go to the doctor at all. These burns go away on their own within a few days, creating only mild discomfort. In the case of serious burns with the appearance of general malaise or other unusual symptoms, at the first stage you can consult a doctor of any specialization. Based on the manifestations and symptoms, he will refer the patient to the right specialist.

In general, the following doctors can treat various sunburns:

dermatologist;
family doctor;
allergist ( in case of sun allergy in parallel with sunburn).

Special mention should be made of eye damage ( sunburn of the eyes), which occur in some patients. Only ophthalmologists or ophthalmologists examine such patients. Doctors of other specialties will not be able to assess the extent of damage or prescribe the correct treatment.

How long does it take for a sunburn to go away?

The duration of skin recovery after a sunburn depends on many factors. On average, minor burns go away within 3 to 5 days, even without any medical attention or special care. If complications or additional harmful effects develop, the skin after a burn may take more than 2 weeks to recover. In some cases, cosmetic defects remain after burns ( spots, moles, etc.), which do not go away for a very long time without separate treatment.

The following factors influence the healing time of a sunburn:

degree of burn ( depth of tissue damage);
burn area;
proper care of the affected area;
patient's age;
presence of complications;
presence of chronic health problems;
skin type.

Is it possible to take a bath, go to a bathhouse or sauna if you have a sunburn?

If you have sunburn, it is not recommended to go to the bathhouse or sauna. Even a mild sunburn represents damage to the top layer of skin, which gradually peels off. In baths and saunas, high temperature and humidity cause the process of sweating. Sweat glands are located in the deeper layers of the skin, but their excretory ducts are damaged due to the burn. As a result, fluid begins to accumulate under the damaged skin. More intense peeling begins, blisters form, and there is a risk of infection. In addition, for large area burns, high temperature will simply cause pain. Thus, for patients with even mild sunburn, it is better to refrain from going to the bathhouse or sauna for the first few days until the skin recovers.

A bath or shower is not contraindicated for sunburn. The main condition is the correct choice of water temperature. A cold or contrast shower affects vascular tone and blood circulation. In the case of a large area burn, this slows down tissue recovery. Hot water will create an effect similar to a bath or sauna. Therefore, the water temperature should be no lower than room temperature and no higher than 40 - 45 degrees. In case of a severe burn with the formation of blisters or their rupture, it is not recommended to take a bath, since water can cause infection in the wound.

How long should you not sunbathe after a sunburn?

Getting a sunburn usually indicates that the skin is not yet ready for active and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Therefore, even after a mild burn, sunbathing is not recommended for at least several days. At this time, a person can be in the shade in the fresh air. Scattered sunlight will not cause burns and will not interfere with the skin restoration process. At the same time, the cells will still produce melanin, the pigment responsible for tanning. This will prepare your skin for more intense exposure to UV rays in the future. The main criterion for re-tanning is the restoration of the skin after a burn ( the surface layer came off, and in its place young pinkish skin formed). To protect the damaged area at first, it is better to sunbathe in the morning and evening using sunscreen.

What helps if the skin peels off after a burn?

Detachment of epithelial cells after a burn is a normal stage of tissue repair. With mild sunburn, the skin does not peel off immediately, but begins to peel off 3–4 days after the burn, when young cells are already filling the skin defect. In this case, special treatment of the burn is not required, since the body is able to independently prevent the threat of infection. It is possible to use nourishing creams or balms that stimulate epithelial restoration.

In the case of severe burns, the skin may peel off within a few hours after the burn. Then a painful wound with a fairly large area forms in its place.
Intercellular fluid appears on its surface ( surface pinkish and moist), which subsequently forms a crust. A similar protection mechanism occurs in the case of premature opening of blisters at the burn site. The main difference is that with mild burns with gradual peeling, the surface of the wound is moist, not dry. In these cases, there is a risk of infection and other complications, so you need to pay attention to treating the burn surface.

For peeling skin after a severe burn, the following remedies can be used:

dexpanthenol and other drugs based on this substance ( bepanthen, panthenol, etc.);
baneocin, levomekol or other local antibiotic-based agents ( to prevent infection);
solcoseryl and drugs with similar properties ( to accelerate the formation of epithelium).

In most cases, it is not recommended to apply several products with different effects to the burn surface at the same time. It is better to apply a sterile bandage to the burn itself, which will protect the delicate skin without epithelium from superficial injuries and reduce the risk of infection. Before using some products, it is necessary to wash the burn surface. This is done with warm boiled water.

Does homeopathy help with sunburn?

For sunburn, homeopathic remedies rarely have a pronounced therapeutic effect. You can contact a homeopath for consultation if there are some complications or residual effects after a burn. The healing process itself usually proceeds well without additional treatment.

Medications for sunburn ( ointments, creams, gels, balms, masks, lotions, tablets, etc.)

The pharmaceutical industry offers a wide selection of various medications and products that can be used for sunburn. Most of them are aimed at eliminating tissue damage and speeding up skin restoration. As a rule, these are local products - ointments, gels, creams, etc. Some drugs of general action ( pills, sometimes injections) affect the body as a whole. They are used to eliminate some serious symptoms and consequences of sunburn.

The vast majority of medications that are needed to treat sunburn are available in any pharmacy and are available without a doctor's prescription.
However, if the burn is severe or unusual symptoms occur, it is best to consult a specialist. In rare cases, an allergy to ointments or creams is possible, and a number of tablets and injections may be contraindicated in the presence of chronic pathologies. The following is a list of pharmacological drugs that can be used to treat sunburn in various situations.

Panthenol, bepanthen and dexpanthenol

Dexpanthenol is a chemical compound that well stimulates the regeneration of the skin and mucous membranes. Dexpanthenol itself is a chemical compound, an active ingredient in many medications for burns ( including panthenol and bepanthen). The range of applications for products based on this substance is very wide. Dexpanthenol can be used to treat sunburn of any severity.

Preparations based on dexpanthenol have the following therapeutic effects:

ensure the delivery of necessary vitamins and nutrients to the skin;
stimulate cell division and growth, which accelerates the restoration of damaged tissues;
helps with sunburn of the eyes ( restoration of the corneal mucosa);
reduces the risk of complications.

Many burn remedies based on dexpanthenol have been produced under various trade names. There are gels, creams, balms and even injection solutions with this substance. The specific spectrum and method of use are indicated in the instructions for the corresponding drug. For sunburn, dexpanthenol-based products are usually applied topically ( applied to the affected area).

Celestoderm

The drug is available in the form of an ointment or cream. The main effect of celestoderm is aimed at eliminating the allergic component in the development of symptoms. The cream can help relieve itching, local swelling, and reduce redness. However, in general its use for sunburn is limited. The components of the drug can effectively relieve symptoms and alleviate the patient’s condition, but they slow down skin restoration.

Balm “Rescuer”

“Rescuer” balm is a common local medicinal product that is widely used for various skin lesions. For mild sunburns, the balm is excellent for easing symptoms and accelerating tissue healing. This medicine contains mainly substances of plant origin that reduce the inflammatory process, have an analgesic effect, and reduce swelling and itching. The balm is applied evenly to the burned skin. Within 10 – 15 minutes it spreads on its own over the skin and is gradually absorbed. The analgesic effect occurs within half an hour. The balm can also be used for severe sunburn, blisters, cracks or erosion on the skin.

La-cree

La-Cri cream is one of the products specially designed for the treatment of burns. The main active ingredient here is dexpanthenol. Plant extracts provide an additional therapeutic effect. The cream is recommended for use in cases where the skin is burned but has not yet peeled off. These are mild sunburns with redness or the healing stage of more severe burns ( when a layer of renewed cells has already appeared). "La-Cri" is not used, for example, immediately after opening the blisters.

Sunburn cream “La-kri” has the following therapeutic effects:

skin hydration;
antibacterial effect;
acceleration of cell regeneration;
relieving skin irritation;
reduction of pain;
reducing the risk of developing allergic reactions to sunlight.

The gel is applied 1 – 2 times a day. After it dries and absorbs, there is no need to rinse the burn surface.

Zinc ointment

Zinc ointment can be used for mild sunburns to reduce symptoms. This remedy has an anti-inflammatory effect and protects against infection in cracks and wounds that form during the healing process. The ointment is applied in a thin layer to the surface of the burn 3 to 5 times a day. You can also soak gauze in the ointment and apply it to the surface of the burn. There are no restrictions on the use of this product, provided that the patient is not allergic to the components of the ointment.

Baneocin

Baneocin is a mixture of antibiotics in powder form. This medication may be used for sunburn in cases where there is a risk of infection. For example, when opening blisters from severe sunburn, the powder is applied in a thin layer to the surface of the wound 3 times a day, and a bandage is applied on top. Baneocin is also used if the first symptoms of infection have already appeared ( there is erosion, an ulcer, the formation of an abscess is expected). Treatment is carried out over several days.

for burns whose area exceeds 1% of the skin surface ( patient's palm);
during pregnancy and lactation;
for chronic diseases of the liver, kidneys, heart disease;
with individual sensitivity to aminoglycoside antibiotics ( allergy risk);
for acute and chronic diseases of the auditory and vestibular apparatus.

In the case of mild sunburn, when the skin does not peel off, there is no risk of infection and the use of baneocin is not required.

Aevit

Aevit is a combined vitamin preparation, which is available in the form of capsules and solution for injection. The set of vitamins contained in this medication promotes tissue restoration in case of various injuries. In case of sunburn, this accelerates the regeneration of the skin. It is recommended to take 1 capsule 2 - 3 times a day for 3 - 5 days after receiving a burn. Injections are usually not required. In the presence of chronic diseases ( heart, kidneys, thyroid gland) or during pregnancy, it is not recommended to use Aevit.

Solcoseryl

Solcoseryl is a very common remedy that is used mainly for wound healing. The drug contains substances necessary to restore the skin, stabilize blood vessels, and reduce the inflammatory process. It also alleviates local manifestations of an allergic reaction. For sunburn, this drug can be used in the form of a gel or ointment. The gel is applied in cases where the skin has peeled off or blisters have opened. After the skin at the burn site begins to recover ( the surface of the burn is dry, there is no sharp pain when touched), they begin to apply ointment instead of gel to the wound. It is recommended to apply both gel and ointment in a thin layer evenly over the entire surface of the burn. The procedure is repeated 2-3 times a day until complete healing. The drug is not recommended for use for burns in children, pregnant women and people suffering from frequent allergic reactions. In these cases, there will also be a therapeutic effect, but there is a risk of side effects, so it is better to consult a specialist in advance.

Alcohol ( ethyl, formic, cologne and other liquids with a high alcohol content)

Most alcohols have an antiseptic effect ( destroy germs), and some people apply them to burns to prevent infection. In fact, in case of sunburn, alcohol should not be used. This will not provide a therapeutic or preventive effect, and in some cases it can only worsen the situation.

alcohol and alcohol-containing substances quickly evaporate from the surface of the skin, so they will not have time to act on microbes, even if they are there;
Lubricating the burn with alcohol increases the pain ( in the absence of therapeutic effect);
the evaporation of alcohol from the surface of the burn dries out the skin, which already has almost no liquid ( regeneration slows down, the risk of exfoliation of the upper layers of skin increases).

Thus, you cannot lubricate burns with alcohol, cologne or vodka.

Levomekol

Levomekol is an antibiotic that is produced in the form of an ointment for external use. For sunburn, it is used only when the damaged skin tissue shows signs of bacterial infection. If there is only redness on the skin after a burn, you should not apply Levomekol, as this will not give any therapeutic effect.

Eplan

Eplan is a very effective remedy for sunburn of any severity. The ointment contains antibiotics to prevent the development of infection, as well as substances that help moisturize and regenerate the skin. Eplan is applied to the burn surface several times a day. The ointment is gradually absorbed and dries. For mild sunburn, when the skin does not peel off, you do not need to apply a bandage.

Miramistin

Miramistin is an antiseptic ( with antimicrobial effect), which is used as a liquid for sunburn. Usually the bottle of the drug is equipped with a special sprayer. The solution is sprayed on the surface of the burn 2 - 3 times a day to prevent infection. For mild sunburns without serious damage to the skin, this drug is usually not used.

Aspirin

For sunburn, aspirin is used relatively rarely. This drug has a good anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and weak analgesic effect. It can be drunk in case of large area burns, when the symptoms cause severe discomfort to the patient. The antipyretic effect is useful in case of fever ( mainly in children). If you have sunburn, you should not take aspirin for a long time. This drug does not stimulate skin healing, but only reduces the symptoms of the burn. Usually it is enough to take 1 tablet 1 - 2 days ( first days after a burn).

Advantan

Advantan ointment is sometimes used for sunburn. This drug contains glucocorticoid hormones, which are effective in reducing inflammation. The disadvantage of Advantan for sunburn is that applying the ointment inhibits the process of cell regeneration. It is used in case of severe itching or swelling. For mild sunburns with moderate pain, Advantan is usually not used.

Paracetamol

This drug is widely used in medical practice to reduce fever. It also has a weak analgesic effect. For sunburn, it is sometimes given to children who have a fever. When the temperature rises to 37.5 degrees, paracetamol is not prescribed, as this is the body’s natural reaction to the inflammatory process. As a rule, with sunburn, the temperature subsides on its own within 1–2 days as the tissue recovers. The drug is available in the form of tablets, capsules, suppositories ( candles), solutions for injections.

Suprastin

Suprastin is an antiallergic drug, which is used relatively rarely in the case of sunburn. The tablet can be taken if a rash appears, severe skin itching, or redness spreads beyond the burn area. Suprastin will relieve these symptoms. In general, this drug does not have a therapeutic effect on the burn itself.

Olazol

Olazol is available in the form of a can of foam. This medication is good for treating severe sunburns with visible skin damage. It contains antiseptic substances that prevent the development of infection. The drug also has a weak analgesic effect. Sea buckthorn oil in olazole promotes rapid healing of wounds. The foam is applied several times a day in an even layer over the entire burned surface. To distribute the foam more evenly, shake the can several times before use.

Fenistil

The drug is available in the form of drops for oral administration. Fenistil has a pronounced antiallergic effect, and is not used in all cases for burns. This drug can effectively relieve itching, eliminate rashes, swelling and other associated manifestations of allergies. It does not help sunburn heal and does not prevent infectious complications. It is better to take Fenistil after prior consultation with your doctor.

Moisturizing cream

Among cosmetic products, there are a large number of different creams with a moisturizing effect that can help with burns. They are usually used in case of minor burns on the 2nd – 3rd day of treatment. When using these products, moisture is retained in the skin, which promotes cell restoration. Such creams are not used in cases of severe burns, skin cracks, infections or other complications. Also, such products should not be used if there are signs of an allergic reaction, as this may aggravate the symptoms.

Baby cream

Most baby creams from different manufacturers have similar effects on the skin. They are rich in nutritional components necessary for the skin. Also, many contain substances of natural origin that relieve irritation and eliminate dry skin. For ordinary sunburns, such creams can be used not only by children, but also by adults.

Painkillers ( analgin, nimesil, etc.)

Drugs with a pronounced analgesic effect are rarely used for sunburn. Most often, balms or creams for local application to the skin are sufficient to eliminate pain. Analgin, nimesil and other common painkillers are prescribed in case of severe burns, when the healing process can last 1 - 2 weeks. This is necessary to ensure normal sleep for the patient and eliminate discomfort.

Other means for the prevention and treatment of burns

In addition to pharmaceuticals and cosmetics that help with sunburn, other methods can be used. There are many folk remedies that are widely used to help with burns if there are no effective special drugs at hand. However, these products must be used carefully, since not all of them are suitable for any burn.

What folk remedies are there that can be used at home for sunburn?

Sunburn is a very common problem, so traditional medicine has accumulated extensive experience in dealing with it.
Many plants contain components that have a soothing effect on the skin, which is an important factor. However, the use of folk remedies also has certain disadvantages. Most of them are relevant for mild sunburns of a small area. In case of severe burns, preference should be given to products specifically designed to restore the skin. Improper use of folk remedies in some cases can aggravate symptoms and delay the recovery process.

In general, the following folk remedies are common for sunburn:

Potato juice. Young tubers are better suited for obtaining it. They are finely chopped and crushed to collect the juice. A cotton swab or gauze is soaked in the juice and applied to the burned skin or applied as a compress. This reduces the unpleasant symptoms of the burn.
Tea. Strongly brewed black or green tea can help combat the pain and burning of mild sunburns. Cool the tea leaves to room temperature or a little cooler, moisten gauze in it and apply a compress for 15 - 20 minutes. This product is not used for visible skin damage ( peeling, cracks, etc.).
Camomile tea. Dried chamomile flowers are poured with boiling water ( 1 tablespoon per glass of water) and leave for an hour. Soak a cotton swab in the resulting infusion and apply the infusion to the burned skin throughout the day. The product soothes the skin, relieves symptoms and reduces inflammation.
Sauerkraut. Sauerkraut is heated to room temperature and applied to a small area of sunburn for 10 to 15 minutes. It is better to carry out the procedure once immediately after the burn, before the skin becomes very red and begins to peel off.
Cucumber juice. Juice is squeezed out of ripe young cucumbers and moistened with it on the burned skin. This reduces itching and swelling. The product is used mainly for mild burns.

It is not recommended to apply concentrated fats to the skin that are not intended for skin care. For example, sunflower oil applied to a burn is poorly absorbed and forms a film that prevents the flow of air. As a result, the epithelium can slough off faster.

Is it possible to treat a sunburn with sour cream or kefir?

There are different opinions regarding the treatment of sunburn with fermented milk products. This is explained by the fact that sour cream and kefir have a dual effect on damaged skin. First of all, it should be noted that the application of these products ( not cold, but cool) reduces burning, itching and redness of the skin. On the other hand, an acidic environment does not allow tissues to recover normally. That is, the person will feel better, but overall the burn will take longer to heal. Therefore, sour cream or kefir can be applied to the surface of the burn in the first hours, when the skin has not yet begun to peel off, for 5 to 10 minutes. After this, the residues should be washed off with warm water and this procedure should not be repeated in the future, but special creams and balms should be used.

For severe burns with the formation of blisters and visible skin defects, do not apply sour cream and kefir, as this can provoke the development of infection.

Is it possible to pour cold water on a sunburn?

Applying a cold compress or ice pack to a sunburn is a common misconception that can make symptoms worse. The logic of these actions is to neutralize the effects of high temperature with cold. In fact, cellular damage from a sunburn is caused not so much by high temperature as by the absorption of ultraviolet radiation. At the time the cold is applied, some of the cells have already died and the tissues are already damaged. Pouring cold water, compresses or ice will cause severe vasospasm, and blood will circulate worse in the “frozen” area. The only beneficial effect in this case will be a reduction in pain. However, eventually the damage gets worse and the burn will take longer to heal. This is why you should not pour cold water on a sunburn. It is better to normalize metabolic processes in damaged skin with water at room temperature, although this will not give such a pronounced analgesic effect.

Aloe

Aloe is a very common medicinal plant. For sunburn, you can use special creams or gels based on aloe extract, or simply apply cut leaves of the plant to the damaged areas. This ensures access of nutrients to skin cells and stimulates their restoration. Aloe is only useful for minor burns when there are no open wounds on the skin.

Coconut oil

Coconut oil contains many plant-based fatty acids that have a beneficial effect on burned skin. It is applied to the damaged area in a thin layer from the second day after receiving the burn. There is no need to rub in the oil. Over time, it is completely absorbed and accelerates the process of tissue repair.

Jojoba oil

This oil contains a large number of beneficial substances that have a comprehensive nutritional effect on the skin. It can be used for mild sunburns or during the healing stage of more severe skin damage ( when the blisters have already disappeared, the crust has fallen off, and there are no open wounds). This will speed up recovery and reduce the risk of residual effects.

Egg white

Egg white is a common folk remedy to help with sunburn, but it must be used with caution. The cooled protein is usually applied to the damaged area and allowed to dry. This relieves the main symptoms ( swelling, redness, burning sensation). But it should be remembered that egg white may contain a number of pathogenic bacteria, so it is not used in the presence of cracks, erosion, or blistering. Rotten eggs should not be used to treat burns, as the risk of infection increases sharply.

In addition, the protein can be applied once or twice in the first hours after a burn. The molecular composition affects the skin in such a way that it can draw fluid from it, slowing down cell recovery. Therefore, after the egg white has dried, it is better to lubricate the burn area with a moisturizer.

Essential oils

Most essential oils contain substances that are beneficial to skin cells. For burns, they are well absorbed, moisturize tissues and stimulate the growth of new cells. It should be noted that the essential oils of many citrus plants have a phototoxic effect. They can be used to treat burns only on the second or third day, when the healing process has already begun. In addition, when using essential oils, the patient should not be in the sun, as the skin becomes more sensitive and there is a risk of re-burning.

Sea buckthorn oil

Sea buckthorn oil is one of the best skin care products. It is widely used for the production of cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. For burns, sea buckthorn oil accelerates the restoration of the epithelium, reduces inflammation, relieves pain, itching and other symptoms. This remedy can be used for minor burns from the very first day when redness appears. It is not recommended for use in cases of blisters, cracks or other open damage.

Cacao butter

Cocoa butter contains substances that stimulate the healing of superficial wounds, which include sunburn. It is used mainly at the stage when the skin has not yet begun to peel off and there is no severe damage. A number of pharmacological products ( balms, creams, etc.) with cocoa butter are also used in cases where the skin is peeling, there are cracks or sores. But specific indications are usually mentioned in the instructions for the drug.

Badyaga

Badyaga is a medicine ( powder), which is obtained from certain types of sponges. It is widely used for contusions, joint problems, bruises or bleeding into soft tissues, but in case of burns it should not be used. Badyaga has a warming and irritating effect on tissue, stimulating blood flow. In the case of sunburn, this may increase pain and swelling, but does not stimulate epithelial cell repair.

Shea Butter

Shea butter is obtained from certain types of African nuts. It has a calming effect on skin cells in various diseases and injuries. In the case of sunburn, the oil can be applied to the skin immediately after the burn, when swelling, redness and epithelium have not yet begun to peel off. This will reduce symptoms and manifestations. In case of severe damage ( blisters, ulcers, etc.) the therapeutic effect will be less noticeable. Applying shea butter regularly is most beneficial on the 3rd – 4th day, when the healing process is already intensively underway. In this case, the risk of age spots, moles and other consequences of sunburn is reduced.

Olive oil

Olive oil is a fairly simple and reliable remedy for sunburn. It does not have such a pronounced therapeutic effect as pharmaceutical products, but it stimulates the most important processes. Firstly, the oil is well absorbed and moisturizes the skin. Secondly, its use will reduce pain and burning sensation. Third, olive oil contains nutrients necessary for the growth of new cells. The oil can be applied to reddened skin with a cotton swab or in the form of compresses. Since this product is not completely free of microorganisms, it should not be used if the skin is quickly peeling or cracking.

Preventing sunburn

The symptoms and manifestations of sunburn can cause severe discomfort, and treatment may take several weeks. That is why people should be more attentive to the prevention of such burns. This is most relevant in the summer, when the sun's rays fall perpendicular to the Earth's surface, so the risk of getting a burn increases greatly.

To successfully prevent sunburn, you should remember a few simple rules:

The occurrence of a burn does not always depend on the ambient temperature. People in the mountains, where there is snow on the ground, also get sunburns. The main criterion in this case is the intensity of ultraviolet radiation.

In the morning and evening hours, the sun's rays strike the Earth at an angle. At this time, the skin tans well, but does not absorb as much ultraviolet radiation as to cause a burn. At lunchtime, the risk is higher, since ultraviolet radiation hits the skin almost perpendicularly and is absorbed almost completely.
If you are prone to sunburn, you need to use special sunscreens.
After swimming, you need to wipe your skin dry and only then go to sunbathe. Drops of water on the body can act like a magnifying glass, and even before the person is dry, he can get a sunburn. A similar danger exists if sunbathing on air mattresses or in a boat ( splashes often get on the body).
Wearing sunglasses protects against retinal burns.
People with various skin diseases and problems ( scars, vitiligo, moles, acne, etc.) You should cover problem areas while tanning or use a highly effective sunscreen to protect them.

In general, sunburn is always caused by one’s own carelessness. That is why, before heading to the beach, it is better to think about burn prevention methods in advance.

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What helps after a sunburn. What to do if you get sunburned? Who is most susceptible to sunburn?

Degrees of sunburn

What not to do if you are burned

First aid for sunburn

Preparations for internal use

What to apply to the skin - ointments, creams, sprays

Dexpanthenol

Libyan aerosol

Elovera ointment

Carotoline solution, extract (betacarotene)

Vinyl balm (polyvinyl butyl ether)

Zinc Ointment (Zinc Oxide), Desitin, Calamine Lotion

Sea buckthorn oil

Olazol aerosol (combined drug)

Solcoseryl gel and ointment (biological preparation)

Psilo-balm (diphenhydramine)

Actovegin ointment (biological preparation)

Flucinolone - glucocorticosteroids (hormonal ointment)

Folk remedies

Who shouldn't sunbathe?

Prevention

Determining the degree of sunburn

First aid

Treatment for severe sunburn

Review of anti-burn agents

Preventing sunburn

Signs of sunburn

Classification of sunburn

What absolutely should not be done if you have sunburn

First aid for sunburn

How to treat sunburn

Ointments, creams and sprays

Dexpanthenol

Aerosol Libyan

Elover ointment

Carotolin solution

Zinc Ointment, Desitin and Calamine Lotion

Aerosol Olazol

Solcoseryl ointment and gel

Psilo-balm

Actovegin ointment

Sinaflan

Folk remedies for the treatment of sunburn

Preventive measures

Why are sunburns dangerous?

What to do if you get a sunburn?

1. Replenish moisture

2. Cooling the body

3. Pain relief

How to treat sunburn

Drug treatment (ointments, gels, creams, aerosols)

Hydrocortisone

Carotolin solution

Linetol

Elover ointment

Cream Bepanten

Aerosol Olazol

Solcoseryl

Sinaflan

Psilo-balm

Floceta gel

Radevit

Traditional methods of treatment

Aloe

Kalanchoe

Potato masks

Herbal lotions

Sauerkraut juice

Oils

What to do if you have a sunburn on your face?

Medicines

Oatmeal mask

Cucumber mask

Green tea

How to quickly heal sunburn blisters

How to quickly relieve swelling?

How to cure a child's sunburn?

How long do UV burns last?

Treatment of sunburn

First aid after sunburn