Is Cialis harmful to a man's health? The struggle of price and quality. Why are generics dangerous? What side effects can be expected

Everything else - about 70% of the market - is generics, in fact, licensed copies of original drugs. And if the price of generics is much more affordable - sometimes it is two, three or even five times lower - then we need to talk about quality separately.

Licensed copy

“In order for a new drug to appear, someone has to invent it,” says. - It takes a lot of time and huge sums of money. After, within a few years - usually from five to seven - all the rights to manufacture, release, and sell a new drug are assigned to the company that invented it.

When the legal deadline expires, the chemical formula of the drug is revealed - and any outside company gets the opportunity to copy it and put it on the market under its own name.

Such third-party companies have a lot of advantages in their hands - they do not need to spend effort, time, resources, money to identify the active substance, investigate it, and conduct tests. This is how generics appear - cheap analogues of expensive drugs.

It is worth remembering that the price of a medicine is not always an indicator of its quality. Photo: AiF

“At the same time, the company that invented the original medicine still keeps certain production nuances a secret,” notes Vladimir Fedorovich. - Therefore, generics may differ from each other - in time and mode of action, in side effects. A very good example is the common aspirin. If you take the packaging of the original drug from Germany and some local one, you will notice that the instructions will be radically different from each other. The instructions for German aspirin are almost the size of a newspaper page - and all contraindications, all side effects are listed in detail, in a word, everything that has been found out over the years of research. I think everyone has seen the instructions for analogues.

Roughly speaking, the therapeutic effect that the original medicine has has been proven and tested many times. The therapeutic effect of generics will have to be clarified to some extent on our own experience.

Of course, we do not encourage readers to buy only expensive drugs; price in this case is not proof of quality at all. This rule simply works in both directions - and saving on health, according to common sense, is still not worth it.

From my own experience

We figured out the generics - you can use them, but carefully and certainly not on the advice of friends and neighbors. But there remains another, much more serious problem - counterfeit medicines. According to Roszdravnadzor, the share of fakes in the domestic pharmaceutical market is about 1%. It would seem a ridiculous figure; however, if you take into account the gigantic turnover of this market, it becomes not at all funny.

“Most often, those drugs that are in great demand are counterfeited,” notes Vladimir Fedorovich. “These are painkillers, seasonal medicines - for example, against flu and colds, for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, antihistamines.”

In Penza, the situation for counterfeiting is quite calm - for the whole of 2015, suspicion fell on only one batch of fish oil, into which, either through malicious intent or through an oversight, several vials of an alcohol-containing substance were tucked into.

Vladimir Egorov: So far, only dubious fish oil has been detected in Penza. Photo: AiF

But the problem is that it is often impossible to distinguish a fake from a branded drug “by eye”. They copy literally everything and with exceptional accuracy - from the name and logo to the smallest design details. There are, of course, curious cases - for example, a few years ago a counterfeit was revealed thanks to an absurd grammatical error in the instructions - but very rarely. Therefore, the only thing that remains for buyers is to listen more carefully to the reaction of their body to taking the drug. And if there is the slightest cause for concern, contact either your doctor or the Certification and Control Center.

On a note

Although we have found that, all other things being equal, it is still better to choose original drugs, there are generics, the effectiveness of which has been tested by time. Here are some of the Generic-Original pairs:

Spozmalitiki: "Drotaverine" (from 11 rubles) - "NO-ShPA" (from 45 rubles),

From heart diseases: "Asparkam" (from 37 rubles) - "Panangin" (from 106 rubles),

From diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: "Pancreatin" (from 18 rubles) - "Mezim" (from 57 rubles),

From diseases of the veins: "Troxerutin" (from 34 rubles) - "Troxevasin" (from 142 rubles),

From diseases of the musculoskeletal system: "Diclofenac" (from 10 rubles) - "Voltaren" (from 75 rubles).

The editors warn of the need to read the instructions for the use and use of the medicines indicated on this page, medical services, medical equipment or obtain expert advice.

Often a person may experience an attack of fear, anxiety, insomnia and psychomotor agitation. All these symptoms are the result of neurosis or indicate the development of disorders of the cardiovascular system.

• Which is better - Corvalol or Valocordin
• Characteristics of drugs
• Composition of medicines
• Indications for use
• What is the difference between medicines?
• Side effects and contraindications
• Advice 1: Valocordin, Valoserdin, Corvalol: benefits and harms
• Tip 2: How to stop worrying
• Advice 3: Harm and benefits of motherwort
• Useful properties of motherwort
• Valocordin benefit and harm
• Sale ban
• What is the danger
• Which is better to take: drops of Corvalol or Valocordin? How effective are these drugs in treating the heart?
• Description of drugs
• Valocordin or Corvalol: which is better?
• Features of taking Valocordin
• Description of Corvalol
• Scientific research
• conclusions
• Pharmacist Online
• When you can not take Valocordin and the consequences of an overdose
• Medicine or poison?
• When can and when not to apply?
• Consequences of excessive intake
• First aid for symptoms of intoxication
• Why do experts not recommend the use of this drug?
• Valocordin benefit and harm
• What is the difference between valocordin, corvalol and valocerdin?
• Compound
• Manufacturers
• Effects
• Side effects and contraindications
• conclusions
• What is Valocordin used for?
• The composition and form of release of the drug
• How Valocordin works
• What helps: indications for use
• How to take Valocordin drops
• How long does the medicine take to work
• Valocordin raises or lowers blood pressure?
• What is harmful and dangerous drug
• Side effects and overdose
• Contraindications to taking the drug
• Analogues
• Video: do Valocordin, Validol and Corvalol drops help
• Feedback on treatment with Valocordin

To eliminate them, most people use improvised medicines that they have in first aid kits. As a rule, such drugs are valocordin or corvalol. They can eliminate negative phenomena in a short time, which is suitable for first aid at home. However, these drugs have differences. There are also some features of the application. Let's try to find out which is better - valocordin or corvalol?

Characteristics of drugs

Corvalol or Valocordin is a group of drugs that have a sedative and antispasmodic effect, thanks to the active ingredient - phenobarbital.

Medicines are available in tablet form and in the form of drops.

Initially, Valocordin was produced in Germany according to a specially developed formula. After some time, its formula was introduced in the CIS countries, as a result of which its analogue appeared - Corvalol. At the moment, drugs are banned in Europe due to their toxic effects on the brain and liver. However, they continue to be in demand among the elderly population, in the countries of the former USSR, due to their low cost and sale without a prescription.

Composition of medicines

Most patients are wondering which is better - Valocordin or Corvalol? To answer this question, you must first familiarize yourself with the active ingredients of drugs and the effects they have on the human body.

Medicines have almost the same constituent components, but they differ in the mechanism of action

The common active ingredients of both drugs are:

• Phenobarbital. The drug, which belongs to the group of barbiturates, is the main active ingredient. It has a sedative effect on the central nervous system.
• Alpha-Bromisovaleric Acid. It has a slight sedative, hypnotic and analgesic effect.
• Mint oil. It has a sedative effect on the emotional and mental spheres.
• Ethanol. In preparations, it acts as a solvent for active ingredients. A depressant that depresses mental activity.

Therefore, these are almost identical drugs in their composition. The only thing they differ in is the presence of a small amount of hop essential oil in Valocordin. Its action is to eliminate anxiety attacks, sudden mood swings and insomnia. It well helps to stabilize the emotional background of patients without worsening the general condition.

Indications for use

Valocordin or Corvalol is widely used to treat diseases of the nervous and cardiovascular systems.

Taking medication helps patients delay an angina attack for a short time

Valocordin helps eliminate the following symptoms:

• relief of a pain attack in the left side of the chest;
• violation of the rhythmic contraction of the myocardium;
• insomnia;
• causeless bouts of fear;
• neurotic disorders.

The drug reduces the tension of the nervous system and eliminates spasms of blood vessels.

The action of Corvalol is aimed at eliminating the following symptoms:

• Increased excitability of the nervous system.
• Narrowing of the coronary vessels.
• Decreased blood pressure.
• Functional disorders in the work of the cardiovascular system.
• Spasm of the walls of the digestive tract.

Corvalol, Valocordin or Valoserdin are a group of drugs whose action is aimed at lowering blood pressure, so the opinion that these drugs increase blood pressure is erroneous. As a result, in patients after a decrease in blood pressure, drowsiness and a feeling of rest are noted. Such medications should be taken with caution by patients with a diagnosis of hypertension, as well as by persons prone to lower pressure indicators.

What is the difference between medicines?

There is no particular difference between the drugs, since they both contain barbituric acid in their composition, which has antispasmodic and sedative effects. Medicines are used to treat diseases of a neurogenic nature, as well as to eliminate the symptoms of disorders in the activity of the cardiovascular system.

Before starting barbiturate therapy, it is necessary to consult with a specialist so that he selects the optimal treatment regimen and helps to take into account all contraindications

Vladimir Kara-Murza: On September 1, 2012, the law "On the Protection of Children from Information Harmful to Their Health and Development", signed by President Medvedev in January 2011, comes into force. According to this law, experts with higher professional education will assess whether this or that information product is capable of harming the health and development of children. Within a month, Roskomnadzor is going to study how to apply this law in relation to the media, and by the end of September will provide recommendations on the use of the new law in the industry.
About whether the law on protecting children from harmful information can become a pretext for introducing censorship, we are talking today with Boris Altshuler, member of the Public Chamber, head of the Child's Right Foundation, Alexander Minkin, columnist for the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper, and Ilya Rassolov, doctor in Law, Head of the Department of Information Law of the Trade University. Do you think there is a need for such a law?

Boris Altshuler: You know, it's long overdue. You will remember, when we were discussing for a year and a half in the Public Chamber, the respected Alexander Minkin was there, and how he quite rightly was indignant at why it was being postponed for so long. He gave an example when they sell computer games with girls and boys with flowers on the cover, and there is any rubbish inside, and no one is responsible, and porn, and cruelty. I also say that the law is needed, that there is perhaps not a single country in the civilized world where children would not be protected, in Russia in this sense there is complete chaos. What happens next - let's talk.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: How do you explain the delay of one and a half years with the introduction of the law into force?

Alexander Minkin: This is quite rare, I would say, a unique case. President Medvedev signed it, sorry to correct you, not in January 11, but in December 10. And in the same place, in the signed law, in the last article it was said that it would be put into effect from September 1, 2012 and that all printed products mentioned in this law as prohibited, but printed before September 1, 2012, would not fall under the law. That is, it was written in capital letters. The deputies took a lot of money from the scoundrels so that the scoundrels would calmly print their obscene and deadly games and sell and so on, they were given more time. We signed, I mean Russia, the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, in my opinion, in 1990 or 1991, and it says that the participating states undertake to take all possible measures to protect children from information that causes harm their health and development. And it is written in the preamble that any human being under 18 years old is considered a child. And now we have been postponing the introduction of this law for 20 years, when it is being introduced, now there is a cry all around that this, it turns out, is censorship. Yes, his power will also be used to press on freedom of speech. Let's calm down, the authorities have clamped down on freedom of speech before, dispersed NTV, closed newspapers and so on. And she did not need any additional laws. Therefore, a law on the protection of children from harmful information is needed, and there is no doubt that the authorities will periodically use it in their own interests, we have such a law.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: What do you think, how, according to your data, did the project differ from the final version, which one is better?

Ilya Rassolov: In fact, in this studio, apparently, three interlocutors are unanimous in their opinion. I would like to say in addition to this, in addition to the Convention on the Protection of the Rights of the Child, we have also signed, but not ratified the European Convention on the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation, which, in my opinion, is a more important document than the one we are discussing today. I repeat once again, we signed it, but did not ratify it. And about two years ago you would not have found it in Russian, I read it in Ukrainian, translated it. Now it is in Russian. Therefore, the latest convention is in the development of a new law on the protection of children from harmful information. The concept of the law has been prepared since 1998, since 1998 this law has been discussed. As a matter of fact, the law, I would not like to call it experimental, but it is opportunistic, I do not see anything bad and terrible in this, in this word "opportunistic law". It is a tradition in Russia that many laws are adopted in this way. I don’t want to defend the law, there are problems initially in terms of the conceptual apparatus, legal technique, but in general the law is not bad, compared to the draft it could be worse. If there is time, I would say a few words about it.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: How, in your opinion, should the expertise envisaged by this federal law be organized?

Boris Altshuler: This is an absolutely key question. Because we know that anything can be drawn on paper, and most importantly, law enforcement. Both that and this question is the main one. Because if this expertise takes place, it can somehow be influenced either by the complainant about what is bad, or by the interested media in order to get a good expertise - this is not expertise, but corruption. We need an independent, impartial review. For 10 years I was at a special meeting at which the Omega legal bureau, commissioned by the Ministry of Communications, made a provision on expertise, and I liked it. I also suggest adding public control. In this law, I will now tell you its essence, it is very brief, but it is fundamentally important, in this is the law that has now been adopted, because you need to understand that in itself it is nothing. It is impossible to describe all cases of information that violates, which somehow harms children. In addition, there are so many people, so many opinions, someone will not like "The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda", because there is a pop, which means morality, but someone will like it. Therefore, the issue of an independent examination, the results of which are then considered by an independent court anyway, is a key one. There is neither one nor the other in Russia. What is the essence of the proposals of the legal bureau "Omega"? Partially, this is now taken into account in the law or in an additional law that is coming into force. First, there is the initial base of experts, it is wide, in different areas, very different. A complaint is received, a roulette wheel is launched in this direction, and experts are selected randomly. It is fundamentally important, this is not yet the case, and the law, most importantly, says that the rules for the examination, the regulation on the examination are approved by the government of the Russian Federation. And it really depends on what kind of document it will be, whether this law will be for the good or it will turn out to be a profanity to crack down on some media, it will not protect children, everything will be as always, according to Chernomyrdin. There should be two or three simple conditions here: a random selection of experts, complete anonymity, experts should not know who complained, who complained, they should not know experts, and experts should not be able to contact those they are experting, that is, receive a bribe . This is where it should be. And after the examination is completed, the names of experts are posted on the Internet. The possibility of challenging, then the procedure in the courts. The most important thing is an independent examination. And I don't know how to organize it in our conditions. I have described the scheme. You understand what gigantic money. Let's assume that Channel One broke the law, it already breaks it, every day they show at the wrong time, really with such money they will not be able to influence the leadership of the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Press, experts and so on. It is necessary that they cannot. Or the firms that release games earn big money, they will also want to buy, but they must not be able to. How to do it? This is a question, I'm interested in the opinion of colleagues.

Alexander Minkin: In most cases, no expertise is needed - it's all from the evil one. Now we are discussing this problem with the journalist Minkin. Why do you need him? This should be discussed with psychologists, with children's doctors. If there was cholera here now, you would not discuss it with journalists, but with epidemiologists. There are very simple things, let's start with them. Quite recently, probably, at the beginning of summer or spring, all radio stations, including let's not go far, Radio Liberty daily in every news release told how in Kazan the policemen gave this man a bottle of champagne, and he died as a result. It was told 24 hours a day every half an hour in every newscast, and your radio station, and many other radio stations every day, day after day, for at least two weeks. At the same time, everyone understands that children also live in the world, not only adults live and drive cars. There are children in apartments and children are traveling in cars with their parents, and yet, kind, smart news journalists every half an hour talked about a bottle of champagne and where and so on. This is extremely harmful for children, it is also harmful for adults, because some idiot said that this unfortunate peasant was raped with a bottle, but in fact there was no rape - it was torture, torture is a completely different article of the criminal code. And by repeating the word "rape", the whole people were inspired that there is also such a way to get pleasure. So, what is needed is an examination to make it clear that this is not possible. Yesterday and today they are talking about some woman in Belgium who served half of a life sentence, oddly enough, a sentence, and is being released, she was from a pedophile family, she killed, raped, ate alive with her husband. Every half an hour they say that she was released, and she did this and that. By God, I am forced to talk about it, repeating, unfortunately, these things. Why do all radio stations in Russia every day talk about these things in the daytime, spitting on the fact that children listen to these unacceptable things. I would close all the radio stations easily, they talk every minute about the weather - you can look out the window, and the cost of the dollar and the euro - you can go to the exchange office if necessary, but most do not.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: What will be more affected by this law - television or the Internet?

Ilya Rassolov: First, the law, I would immediately like to say about the news, if they are broadcast live, then the law does not apply to this category of information. If we talk about movies, the announcement can already affect this type of information, such as announcements, posters, and so on. As for television, we have had a classification of films since the 80s, good or bad, but there is a well-established practice, distribution certificates, one of the columns just has product labeling, it is for all or not for all ages, and so on. Basically, it seems to me that the law will affect the sphere of television and radio broadcasting more than the Internet as such. Because article 14 of the law applies mainly to online media and there is a dispositive regulation, when other site owners can label or not label at their own discretion. Therefore, if we are talking about the Internet, then it is mainly Internet media. The novelty, which will affect many radio stations and TV channels, is due to the fact that, of course, Roskomnadzor should discuss its strategy in the near future, because this is the supervisory body here and within the framework of this law, it must also work with the main players in this market, in including with the first channel, to discuss their position. Moreover, as far as I know, Roskomnadzor will do this in the near future. That is, an explanation will be practically installed online, it will be letters, it will be recommendations, it will be active work. Where this will lead - we'll see.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: We listen to the question of Muscovite Alexander Georgievich.

Listener: Good evening. I have this comment that the law, unfortunately, only what was shown on television will be shown, no one will prohibit it, and the authorities do not need it, not for this since 2001 they began to show everything to us, there were more crimes and violence. Look at the same fourth channel, I don't want to call NTV, NTV - it was under Gusinsky, and after Gusinsky it's just the fourth channel. So your law will not work. And the fact that they will put pressure on the free television stations that have remained and the radio stations - yes. There will be a reason to say: you see, they said on Echo, they said on Svoboda, they said on Kommersant, on REN-TV, but this will not affect the main channels. Everything will be as it is, and maybe worse.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: In your opinion, what are the levers of influence on the executive branch for the practical implementation of this law?

Boris Altshuler: First, I very briefly object to Alexander Minkin. Democracy is a procedure, and even more so when it comes to punishment, prohibition, shutting down someone. Therefore, what seems to Minkin, or Altshuler, or someone else, Ernst, must be a procedure. They closed "Dom-2", or rather the American cable channel, which showed 15 minutes from the Russian "Dom-2", was closed by court and deprived of a license for immorality. But we completely followed the procedure, there were complaints, then an examination, a court and goodbye, there is no more this channel, which showed what our children watch continuously. I'm saying that I want to object to the comrade who called. Already today I was bombed by journalists. Already the law is in action, the First Channel has already filmed "Cheburashka" and "Well, you wait!". Why? Because, there the crocodile Gena smokes a pipe, and in "Well, you wait!" the wolf makes rings, and this is forbidden, I completely agree. Now they are talking on Channel One: we will cut out these places and let them in again. That's right, and that's how it should be. About pessimism. Of course, we are all sure that nothing good can happen in our country and everything will be as always, because big money. You know, come on - hope dies last, and discouragement is a sin. Now a law has been passed, if there is a normal procedure and a judicial examination, it should not seem enough to the first, second, third, fourth, to anyone, for the disgrace that they are doing. Whether there will be enough political will for this, we doubt, but let's fight for it.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: In your opinion, will the television screen be cleansed of this filth?

Alexander Minkin: I'm just at a loss as to what to discuss here. They just told you that the procedure is important, but it's not true. Both the law and the procedure give nothing as long as people think and act differently and open their pockets. In the State Duma there is a procedure prescribed to the smallest detail, has it interfered with at least some scoundrel law? They violate their own procedure as much as they like, they violate their own laws as much as they like. They make laws about corruption and break them themselves. Therefore, a procedure hanging in the air or on another planet will not give us anything. When asked how to influence the authorities, there is one peaceful way - elections, and one non-peaceful way - this is going out into the streets. These are the only ways to influence power.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: What is the international practice of applying such laws?

Ilya Rassolov: Probably still techniques. There are different methods if we are talking about cartoons, films, classification. Including in the USSR, the Ministry of Culture of the USSR was engaged in this, good, bad - it doesn’t matter. Including this labeling 0+, 6+, 12+, 18+ also exists in other countries, in particular, the United States of America also had a label, since 69 the Americans cut out cigarettes, but the smoke remained. After Reagan became president, this story was quickly curtailed. In general, there is another practice, for example, in French television, which, apparently, Alexander Minkin knows better than I do, where there is a completely different marking - asterisks, more related to the rating of a particular film, but it still affects viewers, listeners and etc. As for the cartoons, "Well, wait a minute!" defended, Roskomnadzor said that the national heritage is a cultural heritage and they will not cut anything, they will not even shift it for the evening. Some of the cartoons, too, I think, will be protected - this applies to favorite cartoons. This is also the film "Sherlock Holmes", who, as you know, used cocaine, and other films that, for sure, will remain in the grid and nothing will happen to them, including because the USSR Ministry of Culture has apparently already put a mark for of all ages, I think there will be no revision. Perhaps this will affect new materials, perhaps new films will also be affected when they either shift along the grid or cut something.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: We listen to the question of the Muscovite Marina.

Listener: Hello. Tell me what to do with our children? Cheburashka smokes, Little Red Riding Hood is swallowed by a wolf, then they cut the belly of the wolf and take it out. And what did Chukovsky do: "My poor bunny got hit by a tram, his legs were cut, and now he is sick, lame, my poor bunny." This is what is going on. I have two children, four grandchildren, all grew up on these terrible passions. My son does not smoke or drink, my daughter is a candidate. Why didn't it work for them? Why the thought receives money, for what receives?

Vladimir Kara-Murza: In your opinion, have any excesses begun in the implementation of this law that has not yet begun?

Boris Altshuler: I was very glad to hear from a colleague, I did not know this, that our classics were declared cultural property and will not be touched. As for the comment, of course, harm or no harm depends on the general background. The colleague who just called, the grandmother of four grandchildren, she apparently forgot, or now does not realize, the background when they read Chukovsky, the "terrible" Little Red Riding Hood, the background was completely different. That perversion that is poured out on children all the time, it cannot be watched. Where will you see Chukovsky now? The law is needed, but, of course, this kind, I think correctly, the classics should not be touched. I wanted to make some clarification, maybe my colleagues are not aware, the fact is that in addition to this basic law, it lay ready for more than a year and a half, another law was urgently adopted, which also comes into force on September 1, regarding it there were very big fights and the scandal was big a month ago. This just concerns the Internet and the creation of "bad" sites, some kind of database, a blacklist of sites, and so on. The law takes the Internet very seriously, here again it's all about the procedure. But there, nevertheless, in this new law it is written that, without a judicial procedure, only those sites will be blacklisted, where there are already three things - drugs, suicide technology and child pornography, things that are obviously still prohibited, the rest is subject to a judicial procedure. . It will touch the Internet. In this sense, I fully share my colleagues' concerns about how this will be applied. Here's a funny situation for you, but conditionally, let's imagine that an examination was really carried out and revealed violations of the law by the First Channel of Russian state television. The case went to court. The court is considering whether to close Channel One or not. In general, in the West, the sanctions are such that it will not seem small, because of this, self-censorship is large. Here they are softer, but nonetheless. Punish Channel One or not? Imagine the power of Channel One, not only financial, but also all corrupt ties with all the tops of the country and some miserable court. Very interesting. I do not agree with Minkin that it is very difficult to believe that the court will be impartial, objective and punish. However, it is good that the question will be posed in this way.

Ilya Rassolov: Everything is correct, but Law No. 138, which we are talking about, it just concerns both the Internet and the law on the protection of children itself. That is, these are the same amendments that are being made to even three laws, and the one that we are discussing, and to the law on the media, and to the law on communications. That is, everything is complex. As for fines, I'll quickly name. The Code of Administrative Offenses establishes the following maximum fines: for citizens up to 3 thousand rubles, for officials up to 25 thousand rubles, for legal entities, that is, channels - this is 200 thousand rubles with confiscation of the subject of the crime or suspension of activities for up to 90 days. It seems to me that the latter is more effective than these ridiculous fines. But in any case, it is necessary to consider the issue in dynamics. The very posing of the question has already seriously forced the channels to think. This action and reaction about "Well, wait a minute!", despite the fact that, in my opinion, this is still information stuffing, for the most part excited the channels, they are thinking today how to do product labeling at least.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: Do you expect immediate results from the enactment of the law?

Alexander Minkin: The law will come into effect formally from September 1, but in reality it will not come into effect, no one will comply with it. You look how much we prohibit the sale of vodka to minors, but it is not so difficult and everything continues. And cigarettes are sold to children, and vodka is sold to children, and it is not difficult for them to go to the cinema to see a film that is forbidden to them. So everything depends on the people. Now they told us that in America they showed 15 minutes from Dom-2 and closed this channel, and how many attempts we had to close Dom-2, they all ended in courts favoring Dom-2, because Dom -2 brings in big money. One of the callers recalled with nostalgia the old NTV, now NTV is bad, but the old one was good. But the old was good in terms of live news and political debate. But it was the old NTV that began to show all sorts of cruelties, endless crimes, sexual perversions and "Behind the Glass", what became "Dom-2" - this is what the old NTV started in times of general prosperity.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: This, strictly speaking, was TV-6.

Alexander Minkin: It seems to me that NTV made Behind the Glass, and not TV-6. It all depends on people, in our country, if society treats violators harshly, then everything will change if it turns a blind eye ... I recently had a case: a boy was not sold a ticket to a movie until he was 18, turned to a peasant who came across, the peasant went and did a "good deed" for the boy - he bought a ticket to a banned movie. The mark on the forbidden film on TV should hang constantly, you watch the film and see that it is "Russia", or Channel One, or NTV, the mark of the television company hangs constantly, in the same way during the entire program prohibited for children, throughout the entire film prohibited for children, there should be a red signal in the corner of the screen. Because if before the film there was an announcement that, dear parents, this is not for children, then the parents who turned it on one second later, they will no longer know that it is forbidden or they turned it on in the fifth minute, they will not know that it is forbidden. During the entire film, there must be a red flashlight in the corner - it is forbidden.

Ilya Rassolov: Red, green, yellow is not provided. We have 0+, 6+, 12+, 14+, and 18+. It turns out that 18+ should be in the right corner from the bottom 5% of the screen, as the law regulates. If we talk about practice, let's say the law on personal data of 2006 has only now actually started working. So it's been 6 years. Therefore, we must consider this law as the establishment of certain principles of regulation, and maybe in 5 years it will be implemented. We are not all so naive that we will wake up on September 1 or November 1, when amendments to the media law regarding this register come into force in a new country, we, of course, will not wake up in a new country, in a new situation, of course, everything depends on of people. But besides people, this is still a large market for goods and services. And of course, there should be other fines for TV channels, these should be sums with six zeros, and not five, so that it would be at least noticeable. And then, I think that they will pay off, because ratings, you understand yourself, you work on television from an early age, ratings are ratings. And until television degenerates, it is already degenerating, which is positive, from my point of view, as a specialist who develops this legislation, it will not acquire new forms, in my opinion, the transition to digital will collapse many, expose new problems, but will solve many old ones Problems. And if we are talking about young people, I go out to different audiences, including talking with young people, young people do not watch television, they do not even know what kind of programs they are. I'm not talking about those that were named here, of course, many people know about the existence of these programs, but in general, in the form in which television existed in the 90s, today it is degenerating. I don't have a TV at home, and when sociological services call and ask what channel you watch, I answer them: I don't advise you either. Most people do the same, at least those I know and respect. Therefore, television in the form in which it was in the 90s and even in the zero, it will not be in 10-15 years. Therefore, the law may be timely in order to in some way enlighten and in some way moderate the appetites.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: We are listening to a question from the Volgograd region from the radio listener Yuri Vladimirovich.

Listener: Hello. In my opinion, this law is intended to introduce political censorship. I don’t know what children’s Internet is and so on, although I have granddaughters, but I don’t turn on such functions. The fact is that given the political stop, he must first introduce political censorship. Also, political censorship was introduced during the days when there were demonstrations on December 11, when they tried to lock children in schools so that they would not take part in any opposition events. In my opinion, it will be turned against the Internet, I am sure of it. By the way, with the help of my granddaughter, I'm starting to master it. And mainly this is the strengthening of political censorship, given the political situation in our country.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: Do you feel there are political overtones?

Alexander Minkin: I can only repeat that political censorship was introduced a long time ago. If you haven't noticed this, it's strange. It has long been introduced, without needing a law. This law will also be used to put pressure on the media, but people who are involved in politics may not show pornography and will not fall under this law. As for punishment, I think that fines are very lenient. If a shop were closed for selling a bottle of vodka to a minor, if a seller were put in jail for selling vodka to a minor, they would simply be handcuffed, as is the case in civilized countries, they would be handcuffed and taken to prison immediately, if for pornography or for brutal violence on TV in childhood, that is, not at night and without warning, if for this they put the owner of the channel or the general director in jail for two months, gently, not for two years, then the situation would really change. An unacceptable program appeared on the screen - the boss goes to prison for at least two months, he will have enough for life.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: We listen to the Muscovite Elizabeth.

Listener: Good evening. Unfortunately, I did not hear the names of the ardent advocate of cutting down the crocodile Gena and the wolf, I would like to ask him: where will he cut down smoking parents, teenagers and adults smoking on the streets, drinking and swearing children? Where will he cut it?

Boris Altshuler: Our modern children, 20 years of the new Russia, have grown up in an information environment that we all do not like. This is one of the factors that determines their behavior. Yes, it is necessary to influence everything, this is one of the factors. First of all, I want to say that I am very happy, Alexander Minkin said my thought about punishments, of course, in the West these markings are secondary, the most powerful there is self-censorship, they know that it will not seem small if you violate the law. But as for politics, I would like to say that what we are discussing in the Public Chamber is a possible threat. The Internet is a certain political opposition website, it is located on a certain portal, on the same server someone took either a criminal himself or purposely made and placed forbidden porn, according to the new law, the entire server is closed. This is a way to destroy any opposition portal. An undifferentiated approach when closing, you see, I don’t understand this well, but experts explained to me that this is a threat, since closing, blacklisting not individual pages or sites, but in general, everyone who provides services. A very serious political dog is closed here, the threat is very huge.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: Do you think an undifferentiated approach threatens the Internet?

Ilya Rassolov: Boris is right, and the main criticism of the new amendments to another law, the media law, is Article 15.1 of the media law. This is a very expensive thing, by the way. I want to say right away that those who think that the register was started is a thing that costs decent money. By the way, the control and supervision of the protection of children also costs a lot. The main criticism of this law is the technology of blocking access to network addresses, while this can lead to the possible blocking of legitimate resources. Speaking briefly about these amendments to the law on the media, the register will begin to form only from November, the law that we are discussing comes into force on September 1, a month later. These amendments were based on the concept that was presented by me and Tedeev, professor, in the 90s we wrote about it. The main actor here is a special subject - this is the owner of the site, these are providers and operators, that is, ordinary citizens will not be affected by this registry. As for how this will affect the Russian Internet, I will not speak, but the Internet major players themselves missed the situation, unfortunately. They needed to raise money in due time - this is about 10-20 million euros and gather a group of experts, specialists and lobby for their own law on the Internet, which they could promote in one way or another, and it would suit everyone. Now the situation is that the state itself sets the rules of the game and self-regulation has really lost. The approach of the 90s does not work in 2000, today we are writing about completely different approaches. And of course, the threat is increasing. The world that existed in the 90s is a completely different world today, with different problems, so the child protection law, although late, is an important lifesaver here.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: We listen to the Muscovite Viktor Viktorovich.

Listener: Hello. I wanted to give such a vivid example, an illustration to what was said, there was such a film by Balabanov "The Cargo" and there they showed just about a bottle, there an impotent rapes a girl with a bottle. After some time, this bottle is in the police in Kazan. Balabanov has other films as well. Of course, such films are strictly forbidden for children to watch.

Vladimir Kara-Murza: You, in my opinion, also belong to the category of those who do not have a TV?

Alexander Minkin: We have not had a TV for a long time, for many years. But I wanted to say something, I would advise everyone: throw it to hell or leave the box, cut off the antenna, watch only films that you yourself took in the store to watch a movie with your family. Indeed, this law that allows you to close Internet sites, there will be a similar story with how the police, if they want to arrest, plant drugs or plant one cartridge in a car, and for illegal possession of weapons or for illegal possession of drugs, and so on, that is they can and will not be ashamed to plant drugs, plant something like that on an Internet site. So this thing is very dangerous, no one knows what to do in this situation, because anything can be thrown up. In addition, today we are living in a situation where information has been thrown into society, as if it was forbidden "Well, wait a minute!" and Winnie the Pooh. It turned out not, it's a duck. But how hotly they discussed it, today I received calls from two radio stations for comments. I said yes, it can't be. And here he was right.

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The main danger of diabetes is that this disease often begins unnoticed by a person. And it is discovered by chance and often at those moments when irreversible changes begin to occur in the body.

According to the World Health Organization, the number of patients with diabetes is about 180 million people and every 10-15 years it doubles. In Russia, only 2.5 million people with diabetes are officially registered.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that develops when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot use the insulin it produces effectively. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. A common result of uncontrolled diabetes is hyperglycemia, or elevated blood sugar, which causes damage to many body systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

And there are a lot of myths about diabetes in the minds of people. Leonid G. Strongin, head of the Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, doctor of the highest qualification category in the specialties "therapy" and "endocrinology", helped us to dispel some of them.

Myth one. The cause of diabetes is the consumption of sugar, or Diabetes can be "eat"

First, there are several types of diabetes. The most well-known type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. But there are also diabetes mellitus due to other reasons, however, they are much less common.

The first type of diabetes does not depend on "eating" at all. It depends on hereditary predisposition and the influence of factors that realize this heredity. These factors are not related to lifestyle, they can be infectious, allergenic, or something else. They have not been fully explored.

At the same time, if there is a predisposition to such an autoimmune process of damage to the beta cells of the pancreas, which secretes insulin, the process of immune attack begins.

Beta cell (β-cell, B-cell) is one of the types of cells of the endocrine part of the pancreas. Beta cells produce the hormone insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels.

Such diabetes is more common in children and young people and in our population is 5-7% of all diabetic patients. I repeat, you cannot "eat" it.

Most of the patients are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. It can be provoked by improper, plentiful nutrition. But this also requires a hereditary predisposition.

And then malnutrition can provoke the onset of the disease. But it cannot be said that it is fatty or sweet that are to blame. Risk factors are overweight and low mobility. And overeating contributes to the increase in body weight.

Myth two. Some foods, such as buckwheat and Jerusalem artichoke, lower blood sugar levels.

There is some truth in this, but it lies in a different aspect. There is no serious evidence that Jerusalem artichoke reduces sugar. Buckwheat porridge does not exactly reduce, but increases blood sugar.

We are talking about the fact that carbohydrates are simple and complex. Sugar is a simple carbohydrate that breaks down easily into glucose and fructose. Glucose is quickly absorbed into the blood and gives a rapid rise in blood sugar. For a healthy person, this is not of great importance, his body itself regulates this process well. In a person with diabetes, this gives strong fluctuations.

And there are complex carbohydrates, such as starch. They break down to glucose in the intestine gradually, slowly. Therefore, a sharp jump in sugar does not occur. But even between complex carbohydrates there is a difference.

There is an old idea that it is better for diabetics to eat oatmeal, buckwheat, barley porridge than rice or semolina.

Myth three. If there are diabetic patients in the family, it will appear in children and grandchildren

If, for example, an older brother, father or mother has type I diabetes, then the probability of getting sick in the younger is 5%. This means that out of a hundred such children, five can get sick. If no one is sick, the probability drops sharply to 0.4%. If two parents are sick, the probability increases dramatically to 30%.

Type II diabetes in children also happens, but very rarely. Rather, it should be said that this diabetes does not hit them in the future. The probability of getting sick will greatly depend on the lifestyle, nutrition system, physical activity. This is the written truth.

It is very important to teach these children to rational nutrition, weight control and physical education. This is not easy for parents, but this is the only way, if not to save the child from the disease, then to move the danger as far as possible.

Myth four. The more expensive the medicine, the better it works, and generics are empty

A generic is a copy of a drug that was not created by the developer, but by another manufacturer. You can start creating it when the patent protection of this drug ends.

And we have a number of quite successful generics. They are much cheaper, because their price does not include the huge funds spent on the development of the original drug.

I think that in Russia, with our levels of income and funding, generics are the only way to really provide people with treatment.

Myth five. If you put an insulin pump, you can forget about diabetes, it will control and treat itself

An insulin pump is a small, portable device that delivers fast-acting insulin over 24 hours.

Self-monitoring for the pump is also required. Moreover, it makes sense to put the pump on disciplined people. These are the ones who are in charge of self-control and keep an eye on everything. This is a technique, it has certain requirements. But the undisciplined better not to mess with it.

Of course, a pump is better than multiple injections, it is simpler, it is more convenient with it. Treatment results are usually better too. You can put the pump for free in the direction of the Ministry of Health.

The problem is different. An insulin pump has quite expensive parts for every month. These amounts are measured in thousands of rubles. And we do not have programs to provide the necessary components at the expense of CHI.

Get your blood sugar tested at least once a year

Leonid Grigoryevich, give readers the main advice on diabetes.

The advice is simple - a balanced diet, weight control, physical activity. And at least once a year, take a blood test for sugar.