How to get rid of black pimples. Yellow pimples on the tongue Why do acne appear

Vezilocupustulosis - the causative agent of this rash is a common staphylococcus aureus. The infection is dangerous because, in the absence of adequate treatment, it quickly spreads throughout the body. The therapy is utterly simple - the bubbles are smeared with brilliant green and removed;

Candidiasis is a fungal disease in which formations appear on the body that outwardly strongly resemble acne. It is dangerous because, without proper attention, it quickly turns into a chronic, difficult to treat form.

A pimple is not a pimple, a mole is not a mole! How to understand the types of acne?

Pimples, or acne vulgaris (acne) develop against the background of seborrhea, that is, excessive secretion of sebum with altered properties. They occur in areas of the skin that are richest in sebaceous glands. On average, there are 900 glands per 1 cm 2 of the skin of the face, upper back and chest, while in other areas their number does not exceed 100.

The reasons for the formation of acne include not only excessive secretion of the sebaceous glands, but also hormonal imbalance, infection of the skin with bacteria, pathology of the hair follicle (for example, ingrown hairs). Most often this condition occurs in adolescents, but adults often face this problem. Acne is one of the most common skin diseases.

The peak incidence occurs between the ages of 13 and 18, and in girls, acne appears earlier, but disappears faster. In young people, acne can become severe, causing a significant cosmetic defect and impairing the quality of life, primarily due to psychological problems. In men, the pathology acquires a chronic course and sometimes turns into late acne.

The first signs are increased secretion of sebum (seborrhea) and microcomedones. It is worth contacting a doctor already during this period in order to prevent the development of severe forms of the disease.

The main types of acne

Depending on the external manifestations, the following types of acne are distinguished:

• comedones;
• papular;
• pustular;
• inductive;
• abscessing, or festering indurative;
• phlegmonous;
• drain;
• conglobate.

The choice of methods of treatment of inflammatory processes of the skin depends on their severity. In mild cases, home remedies are sufficient. With a large number of rashes, their deep and merging forms, the help of a dermatologist is necessary.

The formation of different types of acne occurs in stages. Initially, this is a blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands due to increased secretion of sebum due to cell hypersensitivity to sex hormones. This creates a breeding ground for microorganisms, in particular Propionibacterium acnes. Reproducing, they break down fat with the formation of fatty acids that damage the skin surface. As a result of chemical irritation, an inflammatory process is formed.

Comedones

The most common type of acne, localization mainly on the face. They form in the hair follicle, which becomes clogged with dead skin cells and excess sebum. Comedones turn into small bumps (papules) with white or black dots in the center.

This type of acne can cause certain foods - rich in animal fat, fried, spicy, salty. They are called comedogenic.

"Black dots"

Black plugs on the surface of the papules that open onto the skin are filled with excess fat and skin cells. Their color is not due to the accumulation of dirt, but to the incorrect reflection of light rays from clogged hair follicles, as well as a change in the color of sebum upon contact with air.

Sometimes the appearance of pathology is associated with the improper use of cosmetics based on oils and moisturizing ingredients. Pollution and high humidity of the environment matters. In addition, blackheads can appear due to the excessive use of soaps and other cleansers. Dry skin leads to increased sebum production and clogged pores.

Open comedones often form on the forehead, chin, and nose. Usually, over-the-counter acne medications are enough to treat them.

"White Heads"

If the excretory duct of the sebaceous gland and the hair follicle is completely clogged, pimples with white purulent heads appear - closed comedones. Their contents do not reach the surface of the skin, accumulating under its upper layer and causing the formation of a bubble. Since sebum does not come into contact with air, its darkening does not occur. With such acne, you can also fight with the help of cosmetics.

Non-inflamed comedones are not accompanied by redness and swelling of the skin. They respond quite well to the use of salicylic acid. This substance exfoliates dead cells, opening an outlet for excess sebum. Salicylic acid is part of special lotions, tonics and moisturizers.

Pimples with white heads are harder to treat. To eliminate them, in addition to salicylic acid, retinoids are used, in particular, Differin.

papular

When inflamed, comedones turn into papular acne. The process is associated with the reproduction in the sebaceous glands of pathogenic bacteria that cause inflammation and the formation of pus. Small soft pink or red bumps form on the skin surface. The skin around them is often slightly hyperemic. These pimples may be sensitive to touch and may be accompanied by slight itching. Squeezing out the contents enhances the inflammatory process and further leads to the formation of scars.

A large number of papules is a sign of moderate to severe acne and requires treatment by a dermatologist. Inflammatory acne is less treatable than comedones. To eliminate them, agents based on benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics locally and orally, isotretinoin preparations are used.

Pustular

These are pustules, often developing from comedones with white heads. A red inflamed rim appears around the focus. The pathological formation itself is filled with white or yellow pus. It can have an irregular shape, pustular acne often merges with each other and protrudes above the surface of the skin. Usually the appearance of pustular elements is not associated with severe bacterial infection.

Avoid popping pimples that result in dark spots (hyperpigmentation) or scarring on the skin.

Inductive, or nodal

A type of subcutaneous pimple that looks like large, painful bumps or nodules. They appear with a complete blockage of the duct of the sebaceous gland, irritation and inflammation of the surrounding skin tissues.

To the touch, these are dense formations. Acne penetrates deep into skin structures and is often painful. When such formations appear, the help of a doctor is necessary. Usually, medical treatment with Isotretinoin preparations for internal use for six months is sufficient.

Abscessing

With suppuration of indurative acne due to the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria, cystic formations are formed - abscessing acne. They are filled with purulent contents and resemble boils. The formations are painful, usually soft to the touch, after they are opened, deep atrophic scars form.

The course of the disease is recurrent. The help of a dermatologist is needed, and consultation of other specialists is often required, for example, an endocrinologist or an immunologist. Treatment is with Isotretinoin. An abscess can be removed surgically.

Nodular and abscessed acne often appear with a hereditary predisposition. They can be observed simultaneously with comedones, occur with the progression of papular or pustular forms, and also combine into nodular abscess formations.

Phlegmonous

They appear when inflammation penetrates into the deep layers of the skin, and the smallest cavities filled with purulent contents are formed. On the surface of the skin, this is manifested by the appearance of widespread tuberosity. Gradually, phlegmonous cavities merge into large foci, forming nodes of a red-violet hue.

Phlegmonous formations gradually break through and purulent contents, often mixed with blood, come out through several holes. The course of the disease is long, it is very difficult to treat.

Conglobate

This is one of the most severe forms of acne. Acne conglobata often appear on the back, neck, chest, and buttocks. They are many inflamed follicles that merge with neighboring areas of inflammation.

Such acne appears on the body of an adult, usually in men. They may be associated with the use of testosterone or anabolic steroids. Their other name is fulminant. The onset of the disease can proceed as arthritis, followed by abundant formation of acne throughout the body. For adequate treatment of the condition, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist.

Conglobate acne can accompany a genetic disease - Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY trisomy). In this case, they can occur anywhere on the body above the knees. Pathology is accompanied by purulent lesions of the joints and kidneys.

Severity and principles of treatment

What acne and in what quantity are observed with different severity of acne:

• mild degree: less than 20 blackheads or whiteheads, less than 15 papules or pustules, and the total number of acne is not more than 30;
• moderate severity: from 20 to 100 comedones, up to 50 inflamed acne, or a total number of foci up to 125;
• severe degree: there are several abscessing acne of a dark red or purple hue.

How to deal with them?

With a mild degree, it is enough to use special cosmetic lotions for 2 months. The average severity of the lesion requires the appointment of medications. Treatment lasts for several weeks, and often in the first time after its onset, the severity of acne even intensifies.

In the severe stage, the main task is to reduce inflammation and scarring. The doctor may prescribe a variety of medications and physiotherapy that improve the appearance of the skin and the condition of the sebaceous glands.

Topical therapy is used to treat different types of acne. These are medicines applied directly to the affected area - a variety of ointments and creams for acne. They contain substances such as benzoyl peroxide, resorcinol, salicylic acid, sulfur derivatives, zinc. There are also prescription drugs, such as antibacterial creams and retinoid ointments.

For systemic therapy, tablet drugs are used. Antibiotics are prescribed - tetracycline, doxycycline, erythromycin. They destroy the bacteria that cause acne inflammation and suppuration. If necessary, the doctor prescribes other drugs:

• oral contraceptives to normalize hormonal levels in women;
• spironolactone;
• antiandrogenic substances;
• isotretinoin (a derivative of vitamin A).

Isotretinoin preparations are very effective in the treatment of acne. However, due to a sufficient number of side effects and contraindications, they should only be prescribed by a doctor.

Other types of acne

In addition to acne, acne can also occur with certain diseases.

Psoriatic acne

Psoriatic acne, or guttate psoriasis, is not associated with blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. They are also not associated with the pathogenic microbial flora of the skin. Psoriatic acne - multiple small painless yellow-pink pimples. They appear on the back and chest, then spread to the legs, less often to the face, ears, scalp. In children, such acne is often located around the anus, leading to severe itching.

The rash is usually associated with the activation of fungi of the genus Candida or yeast microorganisms that cause seborrheic dermatitis. Less commonly, it is caused by staphylococcus aureus or papillomavirus. Immune system disorders affect the condition of the skin, leading to the appearance of small pimples. Therapy of the disease is carried out with glucocorticoids and ultraviolet radiation.

Rosacea

The disease is caused by an increased reaction of the skin to external irritation and an increase in the permeability of blood capillaries. It appears as small red spots on the cheeks and on the nose. If larger vessels are affected, purple spots form in their place.

Increased vascular permeability is due to their altered reactivity to signals from the nervous system. Therefore, the foci of rosacea become brighter after drinking hot drinks, spicy food, or, for example, when it enters a warm room from frost. Rosacea rashes are not associated with infection and require a different treatment than regular acne.

acne in newborns

Elements are localized on the face and head of a newborn and infant. They look like small white pimples, less often tubercles (papules) and pustules. From an allergic rash, such acne differs in unchanged surrounding skin, the absence of itching and the association with the use of new types of food. The general condition of the child does not change.

The rash usually goes away by three months. Its occurrence is due to hormonal imbalances in the mother during pregnancy. If neonatal acne persists in a child older than a year, this is no longer the norm and requires a visit to a dermatologist.

Acne in children

This form of the disease is accompanied by the appearance in young children of a large number of inflammatory elements - papules (red bumps) and pustules (pustules). Usually, the pathology is caused by violations of the endocrine system of the child - adrenal hyperplasia, tumors that produce androgens. Therefore, when a rash appears, a thorough examination is necessary.

Inverse acne

The defeat of the sebaceous glands in this pathology is accompanied by inflammation of the adjacent sweat glands. As a result, large abscesses break through to the skin. Typically, lesions are located under the armpits, around the nipples, in the umbilical region and perineum.

Inverse acne occurs secondary to severe acne. Their appearance is promoted by skin irritation, sweating, obesity, mechanical impact. They look like small elevated formations that gradually soften and open with the release of pus. Gradually, the focus heals and scars with the formation of a rather large retracted scar. The course of the disease is long, it is difficult to treat.

How to remove acne scars on the face, read in the previous article.

Lightning acne

This is a severe complication of common inflammatory acne vulgaris. Against the background of a stable course of the disease, the temperature suddenly rises, signs of intoxication appear. Pustules appear on the skin of the whole body, with the exception of the head, quickly necrotizing with the formation of ulcers and subsequent scarring.

Acne fulminans are more common in adolescents with comorbid digestive conditions, such as colitis or Crohn's disease. It is assumed that irrational treatment of acne with antibiotics, retinoids, and hormones plays a certain role in their appearance.

Tropical acne

It appears mainly in young women after applying sunscreen cosmetics and exposure to the sun or in a solarium. It is caused by the comedogenic effect of such cosmetics, associated with blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands by oxidized cocoa butter, sea buckthorn, coconut contained in it.

Face, neck, shoulders, arms are affected. Comedones with white heads, papules and pustules appear on the skin. A rash appears in summer and disappears in winter.

Excoriated acne

This type of acne is a complication of common acne in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder, more often in women. Noticing a pimple, they immediately begin to squeeze it out, scratch and damage the skin. As a result, a bacterial infection joins, purulent elements appear, which heal with the formation of scars.

Acne caused by endocrine diseases

Part of the pathogenesis of acne is a violation of the metabolism of hormones, especially sexual ones. Therefore, many diseases accompanied by hormonal imbalance are accompanied by different types of acne. These include:

• adrenogenital syndrome;
• polycystic ovaries;
• adrenal tumor;
• Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome;
• some pituitary tumors;
• diabetes and others.

rare forms

• Keloid acne appears in young men who shave their heads. The reason lies in the defeat of the hair follicles. If this pathology occurs, you should stop washing your scalp with shampoo and start treatment with benzoyl peroxide, glucocorticoids, and sometimes antibiotics.
• Many bacterial skin diseases are accompanied by acne. However, it is not acne vulgaris. In this case, the main complaints of the patient are other symptoms - itching, burning, redness.
• Incorrect treatment of acne with antibiotics can be complicated by gram-negative folliculitis. The disease is manifested by a pustular rash resembling acne, as well as the formation of deep abscesses.
• Facial pyoderma is a severe form of acne that only affects women under the age of 40. It is accompanied by the appearance of nodules, pustules on the face, which then open with the formation of small ulcers, followed by scarring. The disease begins suddenly, often in women who have never suffered from acne, and progresses rapidly. Treatment is with isotretinoin and systemic glucocorticoids.

What to do when acne appears

Acne of any type requires long-term treatment. Sometimes improvement occurs immediately, but more often during the first weeks or months, the skin condition does not change. The patient should not take too many drugs at once. This can cause dry skin and the body's response in the form of increased sebum production.

When any skin formations appear, an examination by a dermatologist is necessary. This is necessary in order to distinguish acne from other skin diseases, such as:

Causes of acne on the face

Clean smooth skin is an indicator of a person's excellent condition. Beauty and health are closely related, and people tend to look at others "under the microscope", noticing even the slightest flaws in appearance, such as acne. Acne inflamed skin does not give confidence, gives rise to a lot of complexes in its owner. But finding out the cause of acne on the face is not enough. It is also important to carry out daily prevention in order to permanently get rid of such a scourge that prevents you from enjoying life and looking your best.

Why do pimples appear?

The appearance of inflammation of the skin on the face in the form of acne is a consequence of a disorder in the harmonious functioning of our body. There are many factors that change the state of a person. No types of self-treatment for acne, the advice of friends should not be taken into account. Determining the true causes of skin inflammation, prescribing treatment and preventive procedures is the main task of a dermatologist. Pimples of different nature (pus-filled acne, black comedones, red inflamed plaques and white dots) have their own appearance characteristics:

• Puberty causes strong hormonal changes in the young body, disrupting the normal functioning of the skin.
• Incorrectly selected cosmetics.
• Unbalanced diet.
• Poor environmental condition.
• Internal human diseases.
• Lack of facial skin care and unsanitary conditions.
• Low immunity.
• Adverse effects of stress.
• hereditary diseases.
• The spread of infection on the skin by mechanical means when exposed to it.

Attention! Effective remedies for acne and blackheads!

Spot Cleaner - Vacuum Facial Pore Cleaner!

It's done! I finally got rid of acne and blackheads!

How to get rid of acne and blackheads in just 3 days!

In adults

A few decades ago, the appearance of acne on the forehead or cheeks was considered only a teenage problem. At the present time, under the pressure of stress, illness, a changed lifestyle and diet, the skin of adults has also begun to suffer, reacting sharply to adverse conditions. Women and men aged 20 to 40 are a group prone to diseases of the dermis. After the age of forty, the peak of skin inflammation begins to decline, closer to the age of 50, acne disappears completely.

In adult women, according to doctors, in 75% of cases, acne is a consequence of an imbalance in the work of the skin as an organ, with a constant stay in a stressful state, turning into a chronic form. Quarrels with her husband, conflicts at work, the use of medicines and medicines, exposure to excessive doses of ultraviolet radiation, pregnancy and menstrual irregularities, hormonal changes and the use of poor-quality cosmetics - all this contributes to the imbalance of the body and the appearance of acne.

The skin of adult men is not ideal in case of improper functioning of the sebaceous glands. The appearance of acne on their face does not threaten health, but signals the presence of internal diseases. This cannot be attributed only to a cosmetic problem, since the male body is less susceptible to systematic hormonal changes, unlike the female one.

In adolescence

Transitional age in itself is a strong stress for the body. Changes in body proportions, appearance, facial features, skin condition have an impact on the emotional state of young people. The causes of acne on the face in adolescence are concentrated in the area of ​​sharp hormonal surges, causing the release of excess fat by the sebaceous glands, and improper facial skin care. Its inflammation (acne) affects the aesthetic appearance, upsetting and creating complexes in adolescents suffering from these problems.

Most boys and girls - more than 90% - suffer from acne on the face, only a tenth of them are spared from this fate. Girls notice the first pimples already at the age of ten with the onset of puberty, ending with them by the age of 17. Boys meet with skin inflammations from about 14 years old, and the end of puberty in them occurs by the age of 19. Completion of puberty reduces high hormonal levels. The skin becomes clean, smooth, if there are no other reasons for acne.

Factors contributing to the occurrence of teenage dermatological problems:

• genetic features;
• hormonal shake;
• excessive stress;
• wrong diet;
• abuse of skin cleansing;
• oil cosmetics;
• use of medicines.

The main types of acne on the face and body with a photo:

All pimples by type belong to inflamed and non-inflamed formations. Acne in the face occurs with internal changes in the human body. Non-inflammatory include white blotches, which are called millet, and black dots - comedones. Inflamed purulent acne is characterized by a deep degree of damage. These formations are called cysts, nodules, papules and pustules.

not inflamed

Small formations on the skin of the face, milia - yellowish-white tubercles 1-2 mm in size - painless, do not itch, do not manifest themselves in any way. Another name for such acne is millet. It appears in response to failures in the natural exfoliation of skin flakes, which accumulate in excess, clogging the sebaceous ducts. In the secondary form, the appearance of millet (white acne) is associated with skin diseases. Light, it does not require special treatment. With secondary manifestations, doctors prescribe ointments with retinoids, mechanical removal with a scalpel.

Comedones - black dots

Small bumps on the skin with a black dot on top are painless. Sebum during oxidation changes its color, darkening significantly, forms an unaesthetic comedon, indelible when washed. Treatment of black acne takes a long time. Their mechanical removal is undesirable, causing a violation of the walls of the follicle when the focus of infection spreads.

inflamed

Pustules - purulent rashes

A pustule, or purulent pimple, appears at the site of an inflamed comedone when white blood cells try to get to the surface of the skin. In appearance, it looks like a small white ball under the skin with redness around. Such foci of infection are on the chest, back. Strains of staphylococcus grow in them against the background of reduced immunity. The treatment of these pustular rashes is carried out with antibiotics as prescribed by the doctor, mechanical opening by the surgeon of the focus of inflammation with the removal of pus. In adults, pustules appear when the immune system is impaired.

The contour of inflammation of a small size is formed by papules. Their color ranges from pink-red to purple-brown. The remains of cells cannot leave the dermis and accumulate, the vessels dilate, and a slight edema occurs. Pressing on the papule makes it turn a little pale, but such a pimple does not completely disappear. Papular inflammations that have merged into one focus turn into plaques that require medical treatment, without which scars and marks on the skin of the face will remain forever.

Subcutaneous painful nodules

Large bumpy inflamed pimples grow to a size of 10 mm. Speaking above the surface of the skin, the focus of infection is either on the surface itself or in depth, causing very painful sensations. The knot (pimple) is filled with sebum or pus, and if left untreated, it turns into a cyst during decay. A severe type of nodule is a boil, requiring immediate treatment only by a surgeon.

With the degeneration of nodular pustules, acquiring an active red-cyanotic color, a cystic inflammation is formed, which is very painful. Inside such acne, pus and sebum accumulate, and when several foci grow together, passages appear between them, making it difficult for them to be treated by a doctor who removes the focus of inflammation. The cyst leaves deep scars on the skin for a long time, and the treatment cannot do without broad-spectrum antibiotics and immunomodulators.

The value of acne by zone

• The occurrence of acne in the chin area is often associated with problems of the endocrine, digestive system, ovarian diseases in women, and hormonal imbalances.
• Pimples and comedones in the mouth area in the autumn-winter period are explained by colds. To avoid them, enough warm clothes and dry feet in any weather.
• Inflamed pustules in the lower part of the cheekbones, on the cheeks, and chin are harbingers of gynecological or endocrine disorders of the body.
• Permanent pimples below the mouth, on the chin are the result of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the accumulation of toxins in the body. Requires treatment of the stomach, diet with restriction of fatty, fried foods.
• A common place for the appearance of comedones and abscesses is on the forehead. In this area, pimples appear due to problems with the gallbladder, pancreas, and intestines.
• Small foci of inflammation near the eyebrows "talk" about the general intoxication of the body and dysbacteriosis.
• Acne on the nose is a common occurrence provoked by excessive production of sebum in the T-zone. Often, adolescents in puberty suffer from such rashes. In other cases, the appearance of acne in this area is due to endocrine disorders, immune and problems with the gastrointestinal tract.

Video: how to treat acne?

They try to explain the appearance of problematic foci of inflammation on the face with hormones, nerves, covering swollen red acne with tonal means, being surprised at their occurrence again and again. Medications, prevention, diet, lifestyle changes with proper skin care - what should be done and how to properly treat acne? Find out from the video below which doctor you need to contact with this problem, how long it may take to heal, what stages of the disease there are and whether there are drugs that can help get rid of acne in the shortest possible time.

Types of acne

The article "Types of acne" tells about the most common types of acne found on human skin. The article is aimed at a wide range of readers, can be posted on beauty and health sites and be of interest to anyone who monitors skin rashes and seeks to prevent them.

Pimples always cause a lot of unpleasant problems, especially if they are not isolated and are chronic. Acne is a skin disease caused by blockage of the sebaceous glands. As a result, sebum cannot come out and stagnates in the sebaceous gland, which is a good breeding ground for dangerous bacteria.

There are different types of acne. They can occur anywhere on the skin except on the palms and feet.

Acne watery

Watery acne on the body is a common problem for people of adolescence. However, sometimes they are found on the skin of babies. Watery acne can occur on the arms or legs, then go away, then reappear. Outwardly, they look very ugly and represent a clear unevenness of the skin.

Water acne can not be touched, then they will not leave traces behind. The causes of watery acne are different. This is the use of low-quality products, allergic reactions, wearing clothes made of synthetic materials.

Hormonal acne

Hormonal disruptions in the body can cause acne. This is a very unfortunate occurrence. The skin of women is much more susceptible to hormonal changes than the skin of men. Therefore, many of them have acne on the skin before menstruation and do not disappear for a long time. This is due to the fact that at this moment the level of hormones is at its lowest level, which provokes the appearance of spots and acne on the skin.

Those with frequent hormonal acne should prevent their occurrence. You can do this with the help of various cosmetic products, applying them daily to the skin. White clay masks and fruit peels have a good effect.

Hormonal acne can occur on the skin of newborns. They appear suddenly at the age of 2 months in the forehead and cheeks. They do not need treatment and disappear on their own in 2-3 weeks.

Inflamed and allergic acne

Inflamed pimples are usually red in color and very large. Their diameter can reach 2 cm. Inflamed pimples inside can be filled with pus or be stripless. Inflamed types of acne:

- Small inflamed pimples are small in size, up to 0.5 cm. They can go away on their own or become larger. After small inflamed acne, small scars or scars may remain.

– Inflamed pimples are large, have a size of more than 0.5 cm. After them, large scars remain on the skin.

Inflamed types of acne can be of varying severity. This factor must be taken into account in the treatment of acne.

- A feature of mild severity in small, single, inflamed acne;

- The average degree is distinguished by many small inflamed acne;

- A severe degree is characterized by large inflamed pimples against the background of small rashes.

Allergic acne most often occurs on the skin due to direct contact with an irritant or after eating foods or medications that provoked an allergy.

This type of acne on the skin is often called hives. They can appear on any part of the body and last for a very long time. Treatment for allergic acne is to eliminate the allergen and take antihistamines.

Cold acne

Cold sores are a common occurrence. Very often they appear on the skin in the autumn-winter period, when the body lacks vitamins and sunlight. Therefore, a common cause of catarrhal acne is a decrease in the protective functions of the body.

Cold pimples are very painful and red in color. If these types of acne are localized in the frontal region, then this indicates a virus in the body. Cold pimples located along the hairline warn of gallstones or appear as a result of frequent sweating of the forehead. Cold pimples above the eyebrows indicate problems with the intestines. In this case, you need to consult a doctor or review your diet.

Dry and oily acne

Dry acne very often appears on dry problem skin. This is due to its increased sensitivity and susceptibility to various stimuli. You can get rid of dry acne yourself. To do this, you need to review your diet and properly care for your face every day.

Oily acne is a very unpleasant rash on the skin. They look unaesthetic and deliver a lot of experiences. Oily acne often appears on oily skin. To reduce the appearance of oily acne or promote its rapid healing, you need to remember to take care of your skin daily. To do this, in the morning you need to wash your face with cool water, and before going to bed, wipe the skin with special care products. It is strictly forbidden to squeeze oily acne on your own and use oily creams in facial care.

Blue, green and yellow pimples

Yellow pimples appear on oily skin. Intensive secretion of sebum leads to clogging of the skin ducts, and the fat cannot come out. This provokes the attachment of a bacterial infection and suppuration, which turns the pimple yellow. In this case, you can try acne gel.

Green acne is a consequence of a running process of skin rashes. In order to get rid of them, you should consult a dermatologist-cosmetologist.

Blue or dark acne on the skin may be due to demodicosis. This skin disease is caused by a microscopic mite that lives in the sebaceous ducts. Demodicosis is manifested by reddening of the skin, peeling and blue inflamed pimples.

All types of acne, regardless of the causes, require regular skin care, timely treatment and medical attention.

Among the many varieties of rashes on the face and body, a blue pimple is considered especially unpleasant.

It refers to subcutaneous formations, often becomes inflamed and causes pain.

Getting rid of internal acne is difficult, but still possible.

• All information on the site is for informational purposes and is NOT a guide to action!
• Give you an ACCURATE DIAGNOSIS only DOCTOR!
• We kindly ask you DO NOT self-medicate, but book an appointment with a specialist!
• Health to you and your loved ones!

This must be done correctly due to the fact that such acne often leaves visible scars, scars and traces of pigmentation.

The main thing is not to panic, be patient and prepare for the fact that you may need the help of a doctor.

What is this

A blue pimple on the face or other part of the body is subcutaneous, that is, purulent contents are located in the subcutaneous tissues.

It does not have a stem or white head. And its blue color is due to prolonged inflammation and bacterial infection.

If the pimple is not treated, then the multiplication of bacteria leads to the appearance of many cystic formations.

When you press on the red tubercle, soreness is observed.

The maturation of such a pimple is long.

Photo

Kinds

The most common types of acne are as follows.

Hormonal

They appear due to hormonal disruptions in the body.

• Most often, such acne is found in women. This is due to a surge of hormones before menstruation, when acne appears on the body and face.
• The skin of newborn babies is also often covered with small white formations that go away on their own after a few days.
• Adolescents during puberty, women during pregnancy or menopause are prone to hormonal acne.
• Taking contraceptives, endocrine diseases can cause an unhealthy appearance of the skin.

watery

Formations with watery contents can occur on different parts of the body, including those hidden under clothing.

• The reason for their appearance is overdried skin, which is irritated by rubbing against the fabric.
• Sometimes it's all because of an allergic reaction to washing powder and other household chemicals or increased activity of the sebaceous glands.

When the first watery pimples are found, it is necessary to find out and eliminate the causes of their appearance.

Otherwise, they increase in number and affect significant areas of the body.

inflamed

• There are small or large (more than 0.5 cm), single or multiple, filled with pus or do not have a cavity.
• They cover the neck, back, shoulders and face.
• The disease is chronic, the sebaceous glands become inflamed and red acne appears.

Often, after the healing of large formations, scars remain.

allergic

Small rashes occur immediately after contact with allergens.

In response to irritants, the body becomes covered with hives. Treat such pimples with antihistamines.

Colds

The reason for their formation is a decrease in immunity, vitamin deficiency.

• Therefore, they appear more often in winter or spring, when the body is especially lacking in nutrients. The rashes are painful, red and inflamed.
• A large pimple on the pope may appear after sitting in the cold.
• It can also be a manifestation of a herpes infection, if there are pimples on the lip or mouth, dermatitis.
• Formations in the superciliary space indicate problems with the gastrointestinal tract.

In any case, it is necessary to consult a doctor who will accurately identify the cause and prescribe the correct treatment.

Dry

• Appear on dry and sensitive skin from an unbalanced diet or improper skin care.
• Small pimples located on the back and shoulders itch. They are also caused by allergies.

fatty

Appear on integuments prone to oiliness.

They are located under the skin and do not have excretory ducts, so they cannot be squeezed out. Wen removes a dermatologist.

Yellow, green or blue

• The yellow color of the contents of the pimple indicates the presence of pus and the addition of a bacterial infection.

• Green - about the neglect of the process, when pus cannot come out for a long time.

Dark blue acne is characteristic of demodicosis, a disease caused by a tick living in the sebaceous ducts.

If blue acne is accompanied by skin peeling, inflammation and severe redness, then you need to contact a dermatologist.

• Colored acne needs treatment with special antibacterial gels or folk methods (for example, aloe leaf compresses).
• If the pus is not helped to come out, then in the future it is unlikely that it will be possible to do without surgical opening of the canal.

Video: "How to get rid of acne marks"

Causes of blue pimples

Before deciding how to get rid of a blue pimple, you need to understand the reasons for its appearance.

Most often, acne indicates internal disorders in the body:

• hormonal disruptions;
• heredity and naturally problematic skin;
• malnutrition;
• diseases of internal organs (especially the stomach or intestines);
• stress.

The reasons can also be external:

• obstructed outflow of subcutaneous fat;
• hardening of subcutaneous fat and blockage of their pores;
• activation and reproduction of bacteria;
• poor body hygiene;
• cold, hypothermia;
• skin infections.

Places of localization

• Subcutaneous acne often appears on the face.

• But often such a formation can be found on the pubic part of the genital organs, buttocks, back, neck, arm or leg.
• A pimple in an uncomfortable area, for example, on the shoulder blade or in an intimate place, causes increased discomfort, hurts and takes a long time to pass.

Treatment

If an unpleasant odor began to stand out from the pimple, then this clearly indicates infection and the formation of pus.

Visually, only a blue-maroon painful tumor can be seen. However, its focus is located deep enough, so it is useless to squeeze it out.

The rules to be followed during treatment are as follows:

• firstly, you need to help the pus out;
• secondly, it is impossible to make any manipulations with it that violate the integrity of the skin;
• thirdly, after the abscess has broken through, you need to treat it with an antiseptic.

Photo: aspirin gruel can be used to accelerate maturation

For a pimple to mature, you must:

• lubricate it with iodine several times a day;
• or every day, apply to it for 10 minutes gruel from a crushed aspirin tablet with water;
• apply a leaf of aloe at night.

Questions and answers

If the skin is prone to various kinds of rashes, then it needs thorough and regular cleansing.

There are many gentle tonics, washing gels that normalize the sebaceous glands. A professional cosmetologist will select a product that suits your skin type.

You can do it yourself too.

It is better to give preference to cosmetics without alcohol, so as not to injure already damaged skin.

What to do if appeared on the leg

If a large blue pimple is suddenly found on the leg, then the first thing to do is to make sure that this is not a varicose vein.

Photo: varicose veins on the leg

• If, when you press on the seal, it goes under the skin and hides, then most likely, you will need to contact a phlebologist - a doctor who specializes in vascular diseases.
• Another thing is if there are signs of inflammation, soreness with pressure and suspicion of purulent contents. In no case should you squeeze out the abscess or try to pierce it.

To get the pus out, you can do the following:

Photo: using Vishnevsky's ointment, you can accelerate the maturation of a pimple

• apply a bandage with Vishnevsky ointment at night;
• apply an aloe leaf.

What to do if, after several procedures, the pimple has not broken through, the doctor will tell you.

The contents of a pimple can be caused by the multiplication of bacteria, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus.

On the labia

Pimples on the labia, in the groin or on the penis are more often the result of shaving.

The hair follicle is damaged, and the hair continues to grow, but grows under the skin, forming a purulent cavity.

It can also be an abscess that has gone under the skin. Then the blue stagnant spot is coagulated blood.

• In this case, Levomekol ointment should be applied throughout the day, periodically lubricating the affected area with brilliant green.
• At night, you need to apply Vishnevsky's ointment to the bandage and attach it to the tumor. To prevent the compress from falling off, it is better to seal it with a plaster. After 3-4 nights, the pus should come out.

Why do dark spots remain after rashes

Dark spots remain after forcible extrusion of internal acne.

This severely damages the skin. The brighter the spot has a color, the deeper the inflammation was localized .

How to get rid

How to remove spots after treatment of an abscess, an experienced cosmetologist will tell you.

But you can get rid of pigmentation at home.

Photo: applying a whitening mask will help remove post-acne

For this you need:

• wipe the skin with lemon juice diluted with two parts of water;
• wipe stains with parsley juice, bell pepper;
• make masks from kefir, whey or sour cream;
• masks made of white, green or blue clay with the addition of essential oils;
• apply tea tree oil or rosemary oil to stains;
• effective mask of 2 tablespoons of crushed brewer's yeast and hydrogen peroxide. It should be applied for 15-20 minutes and then washed off with water.

Plant juices can be mixed with each other.

But after any procedure, the skin must be lubricated with a nourishing cream so as not to cause irritation and excessive dryness.

To get rid of pigmentation, ultraviolet light is used. But you should not be in the sun or in the solarium for more than 15 minutes in the morning and evening.

Do I need to see a doctor

If an internal blue pimple is found that hurts, then it must be shown to the doctor.

• So that acne no longer bothers, and age spots are gone as soon as possible, it is important to adjust the diet. The skin will be grateful for the rejection of sweets, fatty, smoked, milk and bad habits.
• Green tea, clean water, fruits and vegetables will give a healthy look to the covers. They will saturate the body with moisture and give the skin a radiance.
• For the duration of treatment, girls should choose water-based tonal products with a light texture that allow the skin to breathe.
• Fresh air, proper rest and good mood have a beneficial effect on the body.

Video: "Traces of acne"

Many women are very worried when acne appears on their face.

They are especially problematic for young girls.

No pimples, even the most subtle ones, add attractiveness to the face, making the skin uneven.

• All information on the site is for informational purposes and is NOT a guide to action!
• Give you an ACCURATE DIAGNOSIS only DOCTOR!
• We kindly ask you DO NOT self-medicate, but book an appointment with a specialist!
• Health to you and your loved ones!

This causes a decrease in self-esteem in girls, the appearance of complexes.

Therefore, they squeeze out the hated black dots, which often leads to the spread of acne.

Kinds

Acne can be different: white dots, purulent, red and subcutaneous.

Their development almost always begins in the same way - with blockage of the ducts of the sebaceous glands.

Depending on the characteristics of this process, several types of acne are distinguished.

• When pores get clogged with excess sebum, dead skin cells and dirt, a plug forms. If the mouth of the sebaceous duct is enlarged, then the fat oxidizes from contact with air and darkens. A black pimple forms.
• If this plug is subcutaneous, then no oxidation reaction occurs. The pores are very narrowed, so the pimple takes the form of a white tubercle. These comedones often become inflamed.
• As a result of bacteria getting under the skin, a red pimple is formed. It can be subcutaneous, but sometimes its head comes to the surface.
• With the further development of the inflammatory process and the active activity of bacteria, it can be seen that an ordinary pimple has become purulent.

The severity of acne

In some cases, acne and the body appears a lot.

This is the so-called acne disease, which is more characteristic of adolescents and young people.

The disease is chronic, and the usual ways to get rid of acne are often not enough to cure it.

Those who develop the disease, and black acne began to appear all over the body, need to monitor, change their lifestyle and learn how to properly care for their skin.

There are several stages of acne:

• light- a small number of comedones appear;

Photo: acne on the face of moderate severity

• average- in addition to black and white dots, pink dots are formed, which sometimes become inflamed;

• heavy- a large number of various acne, a lot of purulent inflammation.

Reasons for the appearance

Many people believe that blackheads are caused by poor skin cleansing.

They squeeze these pimples, use them, often wash their faces with soap, use lotions and. But more often than not, such actions lead to the appearance of even more black dots.

After all, such acne is a pore clogged with sebum.

Only due to the fact that it is produced a lot, and it is not removed from the surface of the skin, comedones are formed.

This happens for several reasons:

• hormonal disruptions in adolescence, especially an excess of androgens, lead to increased activity of the sebaceous glands;
• if the pores are clogged with particles of the epidermis, the remains of decorative cosmetics or dirt, the fat cannot come to the surface, remaining inside;
• excessively frequent cleansing of the skin can provoke an increase in the work of the sebaceous glands;
• various hereditary and endocrine diseases lead to this;
• constant stressful situations and mental stress increase the production of hormones;
• malnutrition, eating fatty and junk food also leads to malfunctions of the sebaceous glands.

Photo: multiple black dots on the face

Places of localization

Pimples can appear anywhere on the body.

But most often they are localized where there are many sebaceous glands and hair follicles.

After all, a black pimple is a plug of dirt and particles of dead skin that clogs the pores.

Therefore, they can most often be found on the back, head, in men - even on the chest.

On the face

This is the most common location for blackheads.

• They form on the forehead, nose, chin - these are areas with a large number of sebaceous glands. In addition, a person often touches these places with dirty hands, and most cosmetics are also applied here. Therefore, pores are most often clogged here.
• But black dots can also form on the cheek, lips, eyelids or behind the ear. This is due to the increased activity of the sebaceous glands, especially if the human skin is very sensitive to the substances they secrete.

On the back

A black pimple on the back appears for the same reasons.

• Hormonal disruptions, malnutrition, stressful situations or chronic diseases lead to increased work of the sebaceous glands, which are also abundant in this place.
• In addition, the appearance of black spots can provoke tight synthetic clothing, leading to excessive sweating and clogging of pores.

Atypical spots for comedones

Black dots do not appear where there is no hair, since the ducts of the sebaceous glands are located near the hair follicles.

Therefore, comedones cannot appear on the tongue, palm or foot.

Black dots in this place have a different origin.

• For example, it can be warts or small bruises that appear due to squeezing the foot with uncomfortable shoes.
• Black formations in the mouth may indicate the development of a fungal disease or tumor.

Pimples in an intimate place in women appear due to physiology, wearing synthetic underwear, or infectious diseases.

• But black dots on the labia, where there are many hair follicles, can appear for the same reasons as on the face. This may be due to hormonal imbalances, stress, or poor hygiene.
• Sometimes black pimples appear on the head, neck, legs, shoulders and even on the fingers. This condition is observed with acne and serious disorders of hormonal balance and metabolism.

Video: "How to get rid of acne - simple and clear"

Treatment

Black dots, especially on the face, cause a lot of psychological inconvenience to a person. Therefore, most women try to get rid of them as quickly as possible. But they often make mistakes.

If you do not know how to get rid of such acne correctly, you can exacerbate the problem.

For example, after their mechanical removal, scars often remain, inflammation develops, or new large pimples appear in enlarged pores. Therefore, the treatment of this problem should be comprehensive.

It is necessary to be patient and, in addition to cleansing the skin, pay attention to nutrition, choose the right cosmetics and treat chronic diseases in time.

Therefore, it is better to contact a dermatologist to prescribe treatment.

For serious problems, these can be drugs to normalize hormonal balance and metabolism or antibiotics.

Local treatment of black acne can be carried out in the following ways:

• apply ichthyol ointment to the localization of acne. It well draws out their contents from the pores and prevents the development of inflammation;
• you can use badyag, which exfoliates dead cells and activates blood circulation;
• salicylic acid in addition to antibacterial and anti-inflammatory action, it helps to dissolve the sebaceous plug;

Photo: pharmacy remedies for acne

• Baziron AS cream is considered effective. Its active ingredient, benzoyl peroxide, not only fights bacteria, but also dissolves the sebaceous plug, freeing the pores;
• cosmetics series "Keraknil" help not only to properly care for the skin, preventing the appearance of acne. Fruit acids in the composition of these products dissolve the sebaceous plug and contribute to the release of the contents of the pores to the surface;
• new remedy cream "Differin" not only treats problem skin, but also prevents the appearance of comedones.

Folk remedies

Many women prefer traditional medicine.

Among these recipes, there are very effective ones that help get rid of black acne better than drugs.

• This mask effectively dries acne and cleanses the skin: mix with zinc and white clay, add a little salicylic alcohol and apply to problem areas for several minutes.
• The most popular and simple acne mask is based on. You need to mix the protein with a tablespoon of sugar until it is completely dissolved. Half of the mask is applied to problem areas. After it dries, the remnants must be driven in with gentle patting movements of the fingers. When the mask stops sticking to the hands, it must be washed off with water.
• And on the basis of the protein, you can also make such a mixture: beat one protein with 2 tablespoons of lemon juice and aloe juice.
• A mixture of crushed oatmeal flakes, soda and boric acid will help remove black dots. Apply the mask on the skin for 15 minutes. After that, you need to remove it with rolling movements, and rinse off the residue with water.

Photo: Hercules mask from black dots

Is it possible to extrude

Squeezing can provoke even more activity of the sebaceous glands.

The enlarged pores after this clog again, and a new large black pimple appears.

Steam baths, which are often used before mechanical cleaning, can have the opposite effect: the pores do not expand, but narrow due to the drying effect of hot air.

In addition, even with good disinfection of hands and extrusion tools, infection can be introduced and provoke the appearance of purulent acne.

How to remove

In some cases, you have to resort to mechanical removal of acne.

Although this method helps only for a couple of weeks. If the causes of comedones are not eliminated, then they will appear again.

Photo: it is necessary to squeeze out acne in accordance with all the rules

But if you still need to squeeze out a black pimple, then you need to do it correctly.

1. Rinse skin well, wash and disinfect hands.
2. Steam the problem area with a steam bath or a hot towel.
3. Gently pierce the head of the pimple with a sterile needle.
4. Wrap the index fingers with a bandage and press on both sides of the pimple. Try not to press inward, but to squeeze its contents to the surface.
5. After all the sebum comes out, blood will begin to stand out.
6. Then you need to wash with cold water to narrow the pores.
7. The wound must be disinfected with alcohol. To narrow the pores, apply a special mask or cream.

It should be remembered that only non-inflamed pimples that are easily squeezed out can be removed in this way.

How to get rid of acne marks

Very often, after removing acne, spots remain on the skin.

They are a serious cosmetic defect, and for many this is a big problem.

Photo: spots and scars on the face after acne

There are many drugs to get rid of such spots: cream "", "Badyaga", salicylic or glycolic acid.

There are folk remedies for this problem.

• Mix a tablespoon of tomato pulp with a teaspoon of starch. This mask is applied for 15 minutes.
• Effectively rubbing the skin with cucumber juice. You need to do this within half an hour.
• In the morning, you need to wipe the skin with a solution of apple cider vinegar or lemon juice.

Prevention

First of all, to prevent the appearance of black acne, you need to choose the right cosmetics.

• High-quality cosmetics should not contain a large amount of fat, sodium lauryl sulfate, lanolin, isopropyl.
• It must be remembered that you should not use decorative cosmetics to mask acne. This contributes to even more blockage of the pores and can provoke an inflammatory process.

There are other rules, the observance of which will help reduce the number of black dots.

• Refuse soap and gels for washing. Wash only with cool water, you can use lemon juice, or apple cider vinegar for this.
• Use cleansing and nourishing masks suitable for your skin type 2-3 times a week.
• Switch to a balanced diet. Exclude fatty, spicy foods, carbonated drinks, confectionery.
• Try to avoid stressful situations.

Left untreated, they can lead to inflamed pimples. But getting rid of comedones must be approached correctly.

Not all tools are suitable for every person.

Therefore, to choose the right treatment, it is better to consult a dermatologist.

Video: "Causes of acne"

Pimples, or acne vulgaris (acne) develop against the background of seborrhea, that is, excessive secretion of sebum with altered properties. They occur in areas of the skin that are richest in sebaceous glands. On average, there are 900 glands per 1 cm 2 of the skin of the face, upper back and chest, while in other areas their number does not exceed 100.

The reasons for the formation of acne include not only excessive secretion of the sebaceous glands, but also hormonal imbalance, infection of the skin with bacteria, pathology of the hair follicle (for example,). Most often this condition occurs in adolescents, but adults often face this problem. Acne is one of the most common skin diseases.

The peak incidence occurs between the ages of 13 and 18, and in girls, acne appears earlier, but disappears faster. In young people, acne can become severe, causing a significant cosmetic defect and impairing the quality of life, primarily due to psychological problems. In men, the pathology acquires a chronic course and by the age of 30-40 it turns into late acne.

The first signs are increased secretion of sebum (seborrhea) and microcomedones. It is worth contacting a doctor already during this period in order to prevent the development of severe forms of the disease.

The main types of acne

Depending on the external manifestations, the following types of acne are distinguished:

• comedones;
• papular;
• pustular;
• inductive;
• abscessing, or festering indurative;
• phlegmonous;
• drain;
• conglobate.

The choice of methods of treatment of inflammatory processes of the skin depends on their severity. In mild cases, home remedies are sufficient. With a large number of rashes, their deep and merging forms, the help of a dermatologist is necessary.

The formation of different types of acne occurs in stages. Initially, this is a blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands due to increased secretion of sebum due to cell hypersensitivity to sex hormones. This creates a breeding ground for microorganisms, in particular Propionibacterium acnes. Reproducing, they break down fat with the formation of fatty acids that damage the skin surface. As a result of chemical irritation, an inflammatory process is formed.

Video: 10 Types of Pimples and What They Mean

Comedones

The most common type of acne, localization mainly on the face. They form in the hair follicle, which becomes clogged with dead skin cells and excess sebum. turn into small elevations (papules) with white or black dots in the center.

This type of acne can cause certain foods - rich in animal fat, fried, spicy, salty. They are called comedogenic.

"Black dots"

Black plugs on the surface of the papules that open onto the skin are filled with excess fat and skin cells. Their color is not due to the accumulation of dirt, but to the incorrect reflection of light rays from clogged hair follicles, as well as a change in the color of sebum upon contact with air.

Sometimes the appearance of pathology is associated with the improper use of cosmetics based on oils and moisturizing ingredients. Pollution and high humidity of the environment matters. In addition, blackheads can appear due to the excessive use of soaps and other cleansers. Dry skin leads to increased sebum production and clogged pores.

Open comedones often form on the forehead, chin, and nose. Usually, over-the-counter acne medications are enough to treat them.

"White Heads"

If the excretory duct of the sebaceous gland and hair follicle is completely clogged, pimples with white purulent heads appear - closed comedones. Their contents do not reach the surface of the skin, accumulating under its upper layer and causing the formation of a bubble. Since sebum does not come into contact with air, its darkening does not occur. With such acne, you can also fight with the help of cosmetics.

Non-inflamed comedones are not accompanied by redness and swelling of the skin. They respond quite well to the use of salicylic acid. This substance exfoliates dead cells, opening an outlet for excess sebum. Salicylic acid is part of special lotions, tonics and moisturizers.

Pimples with white heads are harder to treat. To eliminate them, in addition to salicylic acid, retinoids are used, in particular,.

papular

When inflamed, comedones turn into papular acne. The process is associated with the reproduction in the sebaceous glands of pathogenic bacteria that cause inflammation and the formation of pus. Small soft pink or red bumps form on the skin surface. The skin around them is often slightly hyperemic. These pimples may be sensitive to touch and may be accompanied by slight itching. Squeezing out the contents enhances the inflammatory process and further leads to the formation of scars.

A large number of papules is a sign of moderate to severe acne and requires treatment by a dermatologist. Inflammatory acne is less treatable than comedones. To eliminate them, agents based on benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics locally and orally, isotretinoin preparations are used.

Pustular

These are pustules, often developing from comedones with white heads. A red inflamed rim appears around the focus. The pathological formation itself is filled with white or yellow pus. It can have an irregular shape, pustular acne often merges with each other and protrudes above the surface of the skin. Usually the appearance of pustular elements is not associated with severe bacterial infection.

Avoid popping pimples that result in dark spots (hyperpigmentation) or scarring on the skin.

Inductive, or nodal

A type of subcutaneous pimple that looks like large, painful bumps or nodules. They appear with a complete blockage of the duct of the sebaceous gland, irritation and inflammation of the surrounding skin tissues.

To the touch, these are dense formations. Acne penetrates deep into skin structures and is often painful. When such formations appear, the help of a doctor is necessary. Usually, medical treatment with Isotretinoin preparations for internal use for six months is sufficient.

Abscessing

With suppuration of indurative acne due to the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria, cystic formations are formed - abscessing acne. They are filled with purulent contents and resemble. The formations are painful, usually soft to the touch, after they are opened, deep atrophic scars form.

The course of the disease is recurrent. The help of a dermatologist is needed, and consultation of other specialists is often required, for example, an endocrinologist or an immunologist. Treatment is with Isotretinoin. can be removed surgically.

Nodular and abscessed acne often appear with a hereditary predisposition. They can be observed simultaneously with comedones, occur with the progression of papular or pustular forms, and also combine into nodular abscess formations.

Phlegmonous

They appear when inflammation penetrates into the deep layers of the skin, and the smallest cavities filled with purulent contents are formed. On the surface of the skin, this is manifested by the appearance of widespread tuberosity. Gradually, phlegmonous cavities merge into large foci, forming nodes of a red-violet hue.

Phlegmonous formations gradually break through and purulent contents, often mixed with blood, come out through several holes. The course of the disease is long, it is very difficult to treat.

Conglobate

This is one of the most severe forms of acne. Acne conglobata often appear on the back, neck, chest, and buttocks. They are many inflamed follicles that merge with neighboring areas of inflammation.

Such acne appears on the body of an adult, usually in men. They may be associated with the use of testosterone or anabolic steroids. Their other name is fulminant. The onset of the disease can proceed as arthritis, followed by abundant formation of acne throughout the body. For adequate treatment of the condition, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist.

Conglobate acne can accompany a genetic disease - Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY trisomy). In this case, they can occur anywhere on the body above the knees. Pathology is accompanied by purulent lesions of the joints and kidneys.

Severity and principles of treatment

What acne and in what quantity are observed with different severity of acne:

• mild degree: less than 20 blackheads or whiteheads, less than 15 papules or pustules, and the total number of acne is not more than 30;
• moderate severity: from 20 to 100 comedones, up to 50 inflamed acne, or a total number of foci up to 125;
• severe degree: there are several abscessing acne of a dark red or purple hue.

How to deal with them?

With a mild degree, it is enough to use special cosmetic lotions for 2 months. The average severity of the lesion requires the appointment of medications. Treatment lasts for several weeks, and often in the first time after its onset, the severity of acne even intensifies.

In the severe stage, the main task is to reduce inflammation and scarring. The doctor may prescribe a variety of medications and physiotherapy that improve the appearance of the skin and the condition of the sebaceous glands.

Video: Acne remedies, review

Topical therapy is used to treat different types of acne. These are drugs applied directly to the affected area - various. They contain substances such as benzoyl peroxide, resorcinol, salicylic acid, sulfur derivatives, zinc. There are also prescription drugs, such as antibacterial creams and retinoid ointments.

For systemic therapy, tablet drugs are used. Antibiotics are prescribed - tetracycline, doxycycline, erythromycin. They destroy the bacteria that cause acne inflammation and suppuration. If necessary, the doctor prescribes other drugs:

• oral contraceptives to normalize hormonal levels in women;
• spironolactone;
• antiandrogenic substances;
• isotretinoin (a derivative of vitamin A).

Isotretinoin preparations are very effective in the treatment of acne. However, due to a sufficient number of side effects and contraindications, they should only be prescribed by a doctor.

Lightning acne

This is a severe complication of the usual inflammatory nature. Against the background of a stable course of the disease, the temperature suddenly rises, signs of intoxication appear. Pustules appear on the skin of the whole body, with the exception of the head, quickly necrotizing with the formation of ulcers and subsequent scarring.

Acne fulminans most often affect adolescents 15-18 years of age with associated diseases of the digestive organs, such as colitis or Crohn's disease. It is assumed that irrational treatment of acne with antibiotics, retinoids, and hormones plays a certain role in their appearance.

Tropical acne

It appears mainly in young women after applying sunscreen cosmetics and exposure to the sun or in a solarium. It is caused by the comedogenic effect of such cosmetics, associated with blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands by oxidized cocoa butter, sea buckthorn, coconut contained in it.

Face, neck, shoulders, arms are affected. Comedones with white heads, papules and pustules appear on the skin. A rash appears in summer and disappears in winter.

This type of acne is a complication of common acne in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder, more often in women. Noticing a pimple, they immediately begin to squeeze it out, scratch and damage the skin. As a result, a bacterial infection joins, purulent elements appear, which heal with the formation of scars.

Acne caused by endocrine diseases

Part of the pathogenesis of acne is a violation of the metabolism of hormones, especially sexual ones. Therefore, many diseases accompanied by hormonal imbalance are accompanied by different types of acne. These include:

• adrenogenital syndrome;
• polycystic ovaries;
• adrenal tumor;
• Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome;
• some pituitary tumors;
• diabetes and others.

rare forms

• Keloid acne appears in young men who shave their heads. The reason lies in the defeat of the hair follicles. If this pathology occurs, you should stop washing your scalp with shampoo and start treatment with benzoyl peroxide, glucocorticoids, and sometimes antibiotics.
• Many bacterial skin diseases are accompanied by acne. However, it is not acne vulgaris. In this case, the main complaints of the patient are other symptoms - itching, burning, redness.
• Incorrect treatment of acne with antibiotics can be complicated by gram-negative folliculitis. The disease is manifested by a pustular rash resembling acne, as well as the formation of deep abscesses.
• Facial pyoderma is a severe form of acne that only affects women under the age of 40. It is accompanied by the appearance of nodules, pustules on the face, which then open with the formation of small ulcers, followed by scarring. The disease begins suddenly, often in women who have never suffered from acne, and progresses rapidly. Treatment is with isotretinoin and systemic glucocorticoids.

What to do when acne appears

Acne of any type requires long-term treatment. Sometimes improvement occurs immediately, but more often during the first weeks or months, the skin condition does not change. The patient should not take too many drugs at once. This can cause dry skin and the body's response in the form of increased sebum production.

When any skin formations appear, an examination by a dermatologist is necessary. This is necessary in order to distinguish acne from other skin diseases, such as:

• milia;

The problem of acne, perhaps, is familiar to everyone without exception. This phenomenon is unpleasant, troublesome and frightening by the unpredictability of the appearance and the nature of the development of events. Often people treat acne incorrectly and get rid of acne incorrectly. Why is this happening? The main reason for reckless actions is the lack of knowledge in this area. To effectively fight acne, you need to at least know what types of acne are, how they differ, and also navigate the severity of the disease. If acne is identified, then the search for a treatment regimen is simplified.

• 1 degree

The mildest form of acne, which is mild, occurs in adolescence and in adults. At this stage, you can observe the appearance of a not very large number of acne (up to 6 pieces) in the face area. As a rule, pimples of the closed type or black dots are observed. Inflammatory processes are often absent. Meanwhile, grade 1 allows the appearance of several pustules. Treatment in such cases can take place at home, but it must be present in order to stop the development of the disease. After the disappearance of acne, traces, as a rule, do not remain.

• 2 degree

It is characterized by a moderate appearance of acne (up to 11 pieces) of different types. With a given degree of manifestation, acne is of a closed type, black dots are adjacent to red acne and pustules. It is observed in both adolescents and adults (often in women during critical days). Self-treatment is acceptable, but if acne does not disappear in three weeks, you need to pay a visit to a dermatologist.

• 3 degree

Severe form of acne. On the body and face there are many acne (up to 40 pieces) of different types, inflammatory processes and suppuration are observed. Acne is much larger than in the previous 2 stages. The first symptoms of post-acne begin to appear: stagnant spots and scars (scars). With 3 degrees of severity of manifestations, acne actually grows uncontrollably, affecting more and more new zones, so you should not delay visiting the doctor. If you neglect this advice - do nothing, either crush acne, or treat them incorrectly, you can "earn" ugly scars, or even blood poisoning.

• 4 degree

A serious stage of the disease, characterized by a large number of acne of different types, shades and sizes (up to several centimeters). Often, several pimples form nodes, cysts. Large scars and dark spots appear. Acne lesions bleed and fester, breakouts are formed at the slightest friction of acne on clothing or bedding. Often, areas of the body such as the back, shoulders, and chest are completely affected. At this stage, delay and incorrect treatment are extremely dangerous for the health and beauty of the body. It is recommended to consult a dermatologist without delay.

Scheme of the phased development of acne

It's important to know!

Acne is a multifaceted disease, the course of which depends on the individual characteristics of the skin, so at the moment there is no comprehensive and unified classification of acne, however, below you will get acquainted with those types of acne that have been studied, diagnosed and correctly treated by dermatologists.

Types of acne on an inflammatory basis

By their nature, all acne is divided into two types:

1. No signs of inflammation.
2. Inflammatory.

In turn, acne without symptoms of inflammation is divided into:

• open comedones (black dots);
• closed comedones (white dots).

This is how the comedo becomes inflamed.

Acne with inflammatory manifestations includes:

• papules,
• nodes,
• cysts.

What is the difference between inflammatory acne and acne without inflammatory signs? Firstly, in appearance - they are usually larger in size, conspicuous, disfigure the appearance. Secondly, the presence of an infection that provokes inflammation, redness and suppuration, and also causes tissue swelling. Often, inflammatory acne is painful, causes a lot of trouble and discomfort. In fact, acne without symptoms of inflammation is the "parents" of inflammatory acne. It is enough just to bring an infection into the focus and "harmless" pimples turn into problematic "troublemakers".

Arm yourself with a quick acne grading chart to help you correctly identify intruders

Description of acne without signs of inflammation

Comedones, as you know, occur due to plugging of the mouths of the hair follicles or ducts of the sebaceous glands. This type of acne consists of thick skin fat, dead cells and scales of the epithelium.

If these blockages form on the outside of the pores, then open (black) comedones, often referred to as blackheads, appear. These pimples do not become black immediately. When a blockage occurs, the sebaceous plug contains a clear or white fluid. Then the fat hardens and, turning into a lump, acquires a yellowish tint. Due to the fact that the pores are open, under the influence of oxygen, fat lumps begin to oxidize, as a result of which they acquire a characteristic black color, which makes them look like dots. The size of black comedones varies in the region of 0.1-2 mm. The central black dot is present in all eels, but their color can vary - from light yellow to brown and dark gray. Often, open comedones are not a problem. Meanwhile, the picture changes if an infection enters the glands.

Black dots - almost everyone faces them

Closed comedones, also called whiteheads, whiteheads, wen and milia (whiteheads) are formed in case of oil congestion inside - in the lower part of the pores. In their structure, closed comedones resemble blood clots that do not have access to the surface of the skin. In fact, they can be invisible to the eye and felt only by touch. Meanwhile, some whiteheads rise noticeably above the surface of the skin. Many people are familiar with such representatives of the type of closed comedones as prosyanka. These pimples look like nodules resembling millet grains, scientifically called milia.

Worth paying attention!

If you feel something unusual to the touch but can't tell if you have whiteheads, stretch the skin where you suspect it. As a rule, in such cases, the appearance of closed comedones becomes noticeable visually.

Closed comedones are not always visible

Whiteheads most often form in the area of ​​the cheeks, chin, forehead and cheekbones and are not particularly disturbed by their appearance - they do not hurt, do not become inflamed. Meanwhile, despite their relative harmlessness, closed comedones are still dangerous. The fact is that under the skin they tend to combine with neighboring inflammatory acne. As a result of such fusions, an extensive cavity is formed under the skin, gradually filling with pus. That is, in fact, a wen is a “time bomb”, which, when given a push, exacerbates the situation at times.

We all remember the temporary problems of adolescence associated with the appearance of acne.

Characteristics and types of inflammatory acne

As we have already said, acne without signs of inflammation, when the infection penetrates the glands, easily degenerates into inflammatory acne, which causes discomfort, disfigures the appearance and spoils the mood. It should be noted that inflammatory acne, in turn, is also divided into such subspecies.

Papules

They are inflamed comedones (often developing from whiteheads), have a diameter of 0.1 to 1 cm, and look like pink or red balls that rise above the surface of the skin. When pressed on the surface, the papule becomes pale for a while. Does not contain a white head. If a papule has formed at the site of a black dot, then a dark sebaceous plug can often be seen through the enlarged pore. In turn, such acne is divided into the following types.

• Superficial papules - up to 5 mm in diameter, which, after disappearance, do not leave marks, with the possible exception of a temporary spot.
• Nodules or deep papules that occupy the entire thickness of the skin and have a diameter of more than 5 mm, often from 1 to 3 cm. Such acne is often painful, has a bright red or blue-purple color and, after disappearance, leaves spots, atrophic, and even keloid scars disfiguring appearance.
• cysts. If the inflammation is severe, and the pimple is located deep enough, cystic dense formations filled with pus form under the skin. Often, several of these subcutaneous cavities merge into one, which forms a whole chain of papules that look like a cyst. To the touch, such a neoplasm resembles a dense capsule. Cysts often consist of many chambers connected by common fistulas. With inflammation, such papules cause a lot of trouble and do not leave the surface of the skin without a trace.

It looks like a pustule up close

Pustules

Cavity inflamed neoplasms with purulent contents, ranging in size from 0.1 to 1 cm. The shape of the pustules varies. These pimples can be flat, and cone-shaped, and hemispherical. The nature of the formation of pustules is also different. In some cases, such acne is reborn from papules, and sometimes they appear in the form of an independent formation. Invariably, only the following is a white head, purulent contents and redness of the skin around the pimple. The hue of the pustules can vary from white to green. These acne are dangerous because at the time of extrusion or even acute inflammation, the pus in the cavity often penetrates into the blood and infects it.

It's important to know!

A change in the color of the pustule to yellow or green usually indicates a secondary infection, and this is already very serious. Go to a dermatologist immediately.

Clinical classification of acne

According to the approved medical classification, acne, in turn, is divided into the following types:

• children's;
• youthful;
• adults;
• acne caused by exogenous causes;
• acne from mechanical impact.

It looks like a pimple in the internal section

Baby acne occurs in newborns and appears due to the influence of mother's hormones during fetal development. As a rule, closed comedones appear on the cheeks, nose, forehead and chin of babies, which disappear on their own after a couple of weeks. If acne occurs in older children, you should consult a doctor.

Juvenile or teenage acne is a common occurrence, occurring in almost half of teenagers. As a rule, ¾ of the acne is formed on the face. By the age of 18-20, the problem sometimes resolves on its own, if this does not happen, treatment is required.

Video lecture about teenage acne:

Worth paying attention! Girls should be prepared for the fact that their skin is more likely to suffer from teenage acne - such is the harsh statistics.

Acne also appears in adults - about 5% of the population suffers from these unexpected guests. Acne of this kind is divided into the following types:

• late acne (which began to form in adolescence and did not go away over the years);
• inverse acne;
• bodybuilding acne associated with excessive use of steroids and other mixtures that affect the hormonal background;
• globular acne that can "decorate" the body for decades if not treated in time.

The appearance of acne due to exogenous influence is due to a long period of inhalation, or ingestion, or exposure to the skin of substances or phenomena that provoke acne. For example, such acne can occur from improper use of cosmetics and detergents, interaction with toxic substances, and also as a result of excessive exposure to the sun.

Acne, formed as a result of mechanical action, occurs due to artificial blockage of pores, for example, while wearing tight clothing or a plaster cast, as a result of friction of foreign objects against the skin. This also includes the habit of constantly touching or rubbing the skin - such involuntary actions also provoke the appearance of acne.

Do not pop blackheads yourself, otherwise you risk "earning" scars, spots or blood poisoning

Now you have information about the main types of acne and the "pedigree" of acne, so you can easily cope with any manifestations of acne.