Menu for intestinal surgery. Therapeutic nutrition after intestinal surgery. Recipes after intestinal surgery

Intestinal surgery is a huge stress for the body. The digestive tract should be subjected to minimal stress, but the patient should receive enough nutrients to restore strength. The diet during the postoperative period is approved by the attending physician.

The diet after intestinal surgery is compiled taking into account the reasons that led to surgery, the current condition of the patient and the presence of complications. For example, if the operation involved removing the appendix, already on the 3rd day you can eat mashed potatoes and boiled pureed chicken. Removal of a tumor of the sigmoid colon involves switching to decoctions and pureed dishes from about the 4th day. But nutrition after resection of the small intestine in some cases allows even semi-liquid meals only after 2 weeks. Food for intestinal adhesions should be pureed for about 2 weeks.

Nutrition should help normalize stool: it should not be liquid or turn into diarrhea (this leads to exhaustion of the body), or be too hard (increases the risk of a hernia).

In case of oncology of the sigmoid colon and a number of other diseases, the operation often ends with the imposition of an intestinal stoma - a surgically created opening on the anterior surface of the abdominal wall (the so-called colostomy). In this case, diet therapy should ensure normal stool. It is recommended to keep records to track the body's reaction to certain foods. Digestive problems (diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, etc.) require diet correction. In case of constipation, plums or prunes, as well as beets, are recommended. For diarrhea - grain porridge. When the stoma is closed, a new diet cycle is necessary.

You need to eat at the same time - this makes it easier to digest food. To eliminate pain at night and improve sleep, dinner should be very light. Breakfast should be the heaviest meal. The number of daily servings depends on the time elapsed after surgery.

What is healthy to eat?

Let's find out what you can eat after intestinal surgery in different cases.

• Therapeutic nutrition most often includes porridge cooked in water: oatmeal, rice, buckwheat. They are especially important if the cause of resection is intestinal adhesions.
• Some time after surgery, crackers are often introduced into the diet.
• Plant foods include bananas and a number of other sweet fruits and berries (except citrus fruits), and many vegetables. You can eat potatoes.
• In many cases, lean poultry (chicken or turkey) and low-fat sea fish are allowed. Eggs, as well as cottage cheese or homemade yogurt are a good source of protein. The possibility of drinking milk is considered in each case separately.
• Nutrition after intestinal surgery for oncology has its own characteristics: here the main source of protein is seafood (mainly lean fish). Lean meat is allowed to consume no more than 100 g per day.
• The menu after surgery in some cases includes coffee, which, by stimulating the intestines, prevents constipation. Herbal teas and decoctions are useful.

Remember to monitor the condition: even an approved product can cause diarrhea or other digestive problems.

What is strictly prohibited to consume

The diet menu categorically excludes foods that irritate the intestines: fatty, spicy, salty, pickled, containing preservatives. Consumption of fried foods, especially breaded ones, fast food and semi-finished products is not allowed.

• You cannot eat mushrooms, turnips, radishes and radishes (these plants irritate the stomach), and sour fruits.
• Black and whole grain bread, sweet pastries and industrial sweets should be excluded from the diet.
• Carbonated drinks, including mineral water, are prohibited. If it is prescribed by the treating specialist, the gas should first be released. Most often, strong tea and coffee are prohibited.
• Chronic adhesions require giving up legumes, grapes, and corn.

Menu examples step by step

The diet before surgery must be strict: irritation of the intestinal walls or increased stomach acidity can complicate the operation or significantly worsen the patient's condition. In a few days you can eat mashed potatoes, scrambled eggs, soft-boiled eggs, steamed cutlets, and stewed vegetables. The preoperative diet is prescribed by the doctor.

Let's look at what therapeutic nutrition should be like at different stages.

Diet on the first day

In the vast majority of cases, the patient should not eat at all in the first days. The first hours do not even provide water, they only moisturize your lips when you are very thirsty. Nutrients are administered using an IV.

Third-fourth day

Depending on the type of illness and how severe the surgery was, the types of diet at this stage may differ.

If the cause of surgery was an adhesive process in the intestines, at this stage it is important to drink a lot of liquid: light broths, weak tea, still mineral water. Herbs (teas and decoctions) that are beneficial for the intestines may be recommended. Light soups, purees and liquid porridges are gradually introduced.

If a tumor of the sigmoid colon has been removed by surgery, the patient is recommended liquid, then semi-liquid and, finally, pureed and jelly-like dishes. Therapeutic nutrition after surgery due to intestinal cancer includes mucous soups and pureed porridges in a weak broth containing a minimum of fiber (oatmeal, rice, buckwheat). Also, after resection of the sigmoid colon, steamed protein omelets and soft-boiled eggs, fish and meat purees are allowed. Cream is recommended for dairy products (up to 50 g per day).

After closing the stoma on the abdomen, food should be free of waste.

At any stage, it is important to strictly follow the doctor’s instructions and monitor the condition. Diarrhea and other digestive disorders require immediate adjustment of the diet.

Diet expansion

If intestinal healing proceeds normally, solid food (pieces of boiled chicken or fish), crackers or biscuits are gradually introduced into the diet. They begin to add vermicelli or cereal to soups. Low-fat meat soufflés or steamed cutlets, soft-boiled eggs or omelettes with low-fat milk, low-fat dairy products are allowed (in cases where these dishes were prohibited at the previous stage).

Little by little, you can introduce noodles and cereals, boiled and pureed vegetables into your diet. Both vegetable oil and butter can be used as dressings at this stage.

It is important that patients eat small meals, 5–6 times a day. The food should be warm. Any digestive disorders (diarrhea, constipation, etc.) require exclusion of the foods that caused them.

On average, they return to their normal diet after a month, but for some diseases this period can be much longer. For example, in case of obstruction of the small intestine for 2–3 months, only pureed recipes are allowed.

Nutrition after surgery on the rectum or small intestine in many cases remains dietary for life.

For sigmoid colon cancer, returning to a normal diet takes up to six months. In some cases, diet No. 4B is prescribed for a long time or forever, which excludes fried foods, foods that cause fermentation, and increased secretion of gastric juice.

Video “What to eat after surgery”

In this video, you will learn about the foods that are recommended to eat for recovery after surgery.

Therapeutic nutrition after intestinal surgery for oncology makes it possible to improve the absorption of food, help deliver useful elements, which will allow the body to better resist a dangerous disease. A properly selected diet limits products that provoke putrefactive processes in the gastrointestinal tract.

General principles of nutrition

It is important for patients to strictly follow the established menu after intestinal surgery. In addition, you need to remember the following rules that the diet for sigmoid colon cancer suggests:

• Include products containing sufficient amounts of nutrients.
• Preference should be given to foods that are easily and quickly digested.
• Eat food at least 5 times a day.
• Monitor the temperature of the food. Food should not be hotter than 25 degrees Celsius.
• I cook food using a steamer, boiling, stewing or baking. Avoid frying completely.
• Chew the food well, which will better saturate the body.
• Avoid overeating.
• Limit salt intake.

How should I eat after surgery?

The patient's diet after the intervention should consist of vegetable broths, with adherence to the drinking regime.

Nutrition for intestinal cancer after resection is greatly reduced. In the first days, the patient is allowed to consume broths made from vegetables or lean meats, natural compotes, rosehip broth and vegetables that have been pureed. In addition, one of the main points of the diet when colon cancer is diagnosed is the drinking regime. You will need to drink 2 liters of purified water per day.

A week after surgery, doctors allow you to introduce tougher foods. However, it must be cut into small cubes and cooked using a double boiler. Vegetables and fruits can be added to the menu after 21 days. This must be done carefully and gradually, since otherwise inflammatory processes may develop in the gastrointestinal tract. Brief recommendations are given by O. Gerasimchuk - specialist in dietary and therapeutic nutrition LISOD

Further nutrition

Allowed food

A diet for colon cancer suggests that a person needs to enrich their diet with healthy foods. You can eat foods such as:

• yesterday's bread made from wholemeal flour, as well as grain bread;
• first courses based on light broth;
• dietary meat and fish;
• chopped pasta;
• some types of cereals;
• jam;
• steam omelette;
• low-fat fermented milk products;
• vegetables;
• cilantro, parsley, lettuce, dill;
• non-acidic fruits;
• natural marshmallows;
• paste.

As for liquids, patients are allowed strong tea and coffee with added milk, freshly squeezed juices slightly diluted with water, berry compotes, fruit drinks and jelly. In addition, you can drink still mineral water, as well as herbal teas.

Prohibited Products

Heavy foods, such as fatty meats or fresh bread, are strictly prohibited if you have stomach cancer.

Nutrition for intestinal oncology prohibits the consumption of such products as:

• today's bread products;
• sweets;
• smoked meats;
• mustard and mayonnaise;
• sausage;
• pickles;
• strong broths made from mushrooms, fish and meat;
• fat meat;
• spicy, salty, fried;
• food containing flavorings and preservatives;
• legumes;
• garlic and onion.

Sample menu

What you can eat if you have cancer is determined by your doctor. Mostly after surgery, patients are prescribed table number 4B. However, it would not hurt for all patients to know what approximate menu for bowel cancer should be followed. The diet for 3 days is as follows:

The menu for the patient is determined by the attending physician, which includes fermented milk products and vegetables.

• Day 1:
  • Breakfast:
    • oatmeal cooked in milk with sweet fruits;
  • Lunch:
    • biscuits;
    • a glass of low-fat kefir.
  • Dinner:
    • cauliflower soup;
    • Brown rice;
    • tilapia fillet in a steamer;
    • vegetables;
    • Mint tea.
  • Afternoon snack:
    • natural marshmallows;
    • jelly.
  • Dinner:
    • chicken meatballs in creamy gravy;
    • rosehip decoction.

• Day 2:
  • Breakfast:
    • Buckwheat with milk;
    • bread with unsalted cheese;
  • Lunch:
    • cottage cheese casserole made from cottage cheese with fruit;
    • berry juice.
  • Dinner:
    • dietary borscht;
    • wheat porridge;
    • salad of tomatoes and cucumbers with olive oil;
    • boiled chicken fillet;
    • jelly.
  • Afternoon snack:
    • biscuits;
    • natural compote.
  • Dinner:
    • steamed omelette;
    • vegetable slicing;
    • a glass of low-fat milk.

• Day 3:
  • Breakfast:
    • carrot cutlets served with low-fat sour cream;
    • weak coffee with milk.
  • Lunch:
    • fruit salad with low-fat yogurt;
    • smoothie.
  • Dinner:
    • soup with vegetables;
    • boiled broccoli with turkey fillet;
    • jelly.
  • Afternoon snack:
    • curd soufflé;
    • freshly squeezed juice from non-acidic fruits.
  • Dinner:
    • vegetable stew;
    • steamed hake fillet;
    • Herb tea.

Three stages of the diet

Indications for intestinal surgery:

• Oncological diseases (if part of the rectum is removed, the patient has to use a colostomy bag).
• Injured intestine.
• Ischemia.
• Injuries.
• Hemorrhoids, cracks in the large or small intestine.
• Acute inflammation.
• Diverticula (protrusion of the intestine).
• Paraproctitis, etc.

Most diseases occur due to human fault. For example, diverticula are extremely rarely congenital; they are an acquired disease due to harsh working conditions or poor nutrition. It goes without saying that nutrition will change after intestinal surgery, because your main task is to quickly restore lost functions. Conventionally, the diet can be divided into three stages:

Stage 1. The postoperative rehabilitation period lasts more than one month, but the first three days are the most important. At this time, doctors recommend parenteral nutrition. If the body accepts food well, you can gradually introduce liquid and jelly-like dishes. No more than 120 g at a time. You need to eat 7-8 times a day.

Stage 2. Lasts from 4 to 7 days, a similar diet is followed before the operation. The menu can include a soufflé made from chopped lean meat and fish, mashed porridge, and low-fat cream. The number of meals is reduced to 6. Be careful with fermented milk products, they can give unwanted side effects (constipation or diarrhea). Consume no more than 200g of food at a time. If the patient has pain, discomfort, or problems with stool, you need to return to the previous stage.

Stage 3. Lasts from 7 to 35-40 days. After a month, some of the intestinal functions are already restored, and the person may begin to neglect the recommendations of doctors. This should not be done, as the stitches may come apart or the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract may be disrupted. The number of meals can be reduced to 5, consume 250-300g at a time. We still give preference to liquid and puree dishes. Mandatory condition: watch your stool, the act of defecation should be easy and regular.

General information about the diet

Rules for a successful diet:

• The operating and postoperative period implies the most gentle and easily digestible food.
• Dishes need to be steamed or boiled, occasionally stewed, but not until crispy. Fried and smoked foods are completely excluded.
• Chop and grind foods thoroughly, do not burden the sore intestines.
• Meals should be fractional - 5-6 times a day.
• Do not allow long breaks in bowel function: you need to eat regularly, at the same time - this way you will prevent unnecessary irritation and stretching of the walls.
• Despite the fact that the menu is somewhat limited, it should be complete and nutritious.
• Try to consume only natural products without chemical additives.
• When introducing new foods, monitor your body's reactions. If intestinal functions are normal, the product may be included in the menu. Flatulence, constipation, diarrhea, nausea are signs that the intestines have not yet recovered, continue to follow a strict diet.
• Do not forget about the drinking regime - at least 2.5 liters of liquid. You can drink still mineral water, herbal teas, rosehip infusions, jelly, and fruit drinks.
• After discontinuing pureed food, chew all ingredients thoroughly. Firstly, there is less load on the gastrointestinal tract, and secondly, primary processing of saliva by enzymes occurs in the mouth, accelerating the digestion process.
• The body should receive at least 200 g of carbohydrates, 140 g of proteins, 60 g of fats per day. Calorie content – ​​2400-2800 kcal.
• You should not go hungry, snacks should be frequent and healthy (vegetable purees, cottage cheese, mousses, compotes).
• Give up dry food, eating on the go and other bad eating habits.
• Monitor the temperature of the dish: the optimal option is 50-55 degrees, for chilled foods - 16 degrees.
• The diet after intestinal surgery must be followed for at least 3 months.

Authorized products:

• Liquid soups (with cereals, boiled noodles, meat broth).
• Low-fat varieties of meat and fish (chicken, veal, turkey, hake, pangasius, pike, etc.).
• Porridge (rice, semolina, oatmeal).
• White bread crackers.
• Low-fat cottage cheese.
• Vegetable juices and fruit compotes.
• Low-fat cheese.
• Salt up to 3 g per day, sugar - up to 5 g, butter - up to 10 g.

You can gradually introduce vegetables (zucchini, pumpkin, carrots) and fruits into the diet (at first fruit drinks, jellies and compotes are made from them). Dietary fermented milk products are allowed only if there is a favorable reaction from the body. You can drink kefir, yogurt, acidophilus milk.

• Spicy, salty, smoked dishes.
• Marinades and canned food.
• Store-bought sauces, including mayonnaise.
• Sausages.
• Sweets and baked goods.
• Ice cream.
• Some vegetables (cabbage, turnips, radishes, spinach, asparagus, legumes) and mushrooms.
• Grapes, citrus fruits.
• Nuts.
• Fatty fish and meats.

Surgical treatment of digestive pathologies often ends in complications. It is also possible that adhesions or partial obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract may develop. A proper diet in the first days after surgery is a necessary condition for the healing of damaged organ tissue. Following the principles of nutrition after various types of intestinal surgery helps protect the gastrointestinal tract from complications.

The role of diet after surgery

During this period, the patient needs strength more than ever. Without minerals, vitamins and proteins, it is impossible to strengthen a weakened immune system and completely restore the body. Proper nutrition helps you recover faster and return to your normal life.

• Intestinal obstruction and bleeding.
• Development of polyps and cancerous tumors.

What you can and cannot eat after intestinal surgery

In the first hours after anesthesia, the patient’s lips are only moistened with water. Nutrition is only parenteral. After 5-7 days, a gradual return to a normal diet is provided, but subject to strict restrictions. The doctor introduces the general principles of nutrition and food selection to the patient:

• Eat every two and a half hours.
• Prepare portions not exceeding 100 g.
• Include foods with animal protein in your diet in the form of boiled lean pork, chicken, and beef.
• Drink fermented milk drinks to avoid excess bile secretion.
• Avoid products made from yeast dough, except dry bread.
• Citrus fruits, pears, sour apples, and grapes are prohibited.
• Boil and grind the vegetables. Only broccoli is allowed from cabbage.
• Nuts and legumes often provoke peritonitis, so they are not allowed even 20 days after surgery.
• Drink kefir, dried fruit compote, freshly prepared juice. Avoid caffeinated and carbonated drinks.

Over time, the diet expands. This happens gradually. Cabbage dishes can only be included six months after discharge from the hospital.

Nutrition Basics

The diet after surgery depends on the individual needs of the body, the patient's condition and the type of surgery. What is permissible in some cases is strictly prohibited in others. Therefore, self-medication for such conditions is fraught with serious consequences.

If adhesions are removed

After surgery to eliminate the adhesive process, you will need to pay special attention to your diet and lifestyle. Otherwise, a relapse of the disease is possible, and then you will have to go back to the operating table.

The nutritionist makes a list of products and a daily routine for the fastest rehabilitation. To avoid dehydration of the body, you will need to follow a drinking regime with a volume of clean water per day of more than 1 liter. It can be replaced with fruit drinks, dried fruit compote, decoctions of rose hips and medicinal herbs. Fruit juices and coffee are contraindicated.

The main recommendation of doctors is a moderate diet, including pureed foods. Such a diet is usually lifelong with individual correction in each case. Canned food, legumes, fatty meats and fish are prohibited. Kefir, cheeses, cottage cheese are useful.

After oncology

Fasting is indicated in the first 24 hours. On the second day after surgery, you can eat liquid puree (several tablespoons), herbal decoction, jelly, and juices.

The oncologist carefully controls the energy value of the food eaten. Carbohydrate foods should make up 55% of the total volume, protein 15%, and fats 30%.

The menu after oncology must be balanced in order to cope with the consequences of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In addition, mechanical and thermal sparing is recommended. Gases and fecal matter move faster through the intestines under the influence of fruit juices.

Seafood and cereals prepared according to the right recipes are a storehouse of valuable proteins, minerals, unsaturated fatty acids and vitamins. Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli supplied with kefir, sour cream, and yoghurt will enrich the microflora of the large intestine.

Caution will be required for persons prone to allergies or who suffer from lactose (milk sugar) intolerance. The slightest irritation of the gastrointestinal tract is strictly contraindicated in order to avoid relapses and complications. Steam dietary dishes and take them in grated form. You will have to exclude fried, whole milk, and alcohol from your diet.

To reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract, 6 meals a day are recommended. For better absorption, food should be supplied in portions with a total volume of no more than 3 kg in solid form and 1.5 liters in liquid form.

Intestinal obstruction

During surgery, a large part of the digestive canal is removed. In the first 12 hours after bowel resection, you should not eat or drink. Only intravenous injections of the necessary substances are possible.

Patients are prescribed a lifelong diet. It involves maximum sparing of the intestines. Daily calorie content should not exceed 1000 kcal. The amount of salt is reduced to 2 g per day. The list of permitted dishes includes warm porridges, soups, and broths. Overeating is contraindicated, as is the consumption of foods that cause gas formation.

The reaction to such interventions in the internal environment of the body may differ from patient to patient, so self-monitoring of bowel movements and stool consistency is required. The test results will allow the doctor to create a clear nutrition plan.

After rectal surgery

Rehabilitation depends on the complexity of the surgical procedure, the patient's condition and his age. During this period, the mucous membrane of the digestive canal has not yet healed, and the functionality of the intestine has not been restored. Improperly organized nutrition after such an operation ends in complications in the future. A gentle regime implies the inclusion in the diet of foods that do not provoke flatulence and do not interfere with wound healing.

Nutrition through a dropper lasts three days. On the first day, food is completely contraindicated. Then the dishes must be prepared correctly, that is, boiled in water or baked in the oven without fat. The best option is steam processing of products with maximum preservation of vitamins and minerals.

It is allowed to eat crackers, soups in low-fat broth with boiled vegetables, but without frying. Meat consumption is limited. Sea fish is useful, accelerating the regeneration processes of damaged tissues. An indispensable menu component includes porridge. Pasta is best consumed as a casserole.

Dishes made from mushrooms, pork, as well as foods high in fiber, such as:

• garlic;
• sorrel;
• spinach;
• radish;
• apples.

Legumes are also prohibited, but a small amount of green peas and soy will not hurt. It is better to add boiled eggs to other dishes, the maximum quantity is 1 pc. in a day. Integral components of the diet are lactic acid products, but only low-fat ones. Green tea, apricot, plum, watermelon will speed up the restoration process of the rectal mucosa.

Sample menu

The attending physician and nutritionist take part in drawing up the nutrition program. It does not require the introduction of additional dishes, since the likelihood of unpleasant symptoms remains high. At home, the diet is prepared by the person undergoing surgery himself, but taking into account all the recommendations of specialists.

Immediately after surgery

On the first day, the intestines are given the opportunity to rest, preventing the processes of digestion, absorption and emptying. The dropper allows you to replenish food reserves and the energy contained in it. The volume of fluid consumed is approximately 1.5 liters per day.

On the second and third days, a zero diet is indicated. It includes foods rich in vitamins. Meals are taken every 3 hours. It is allowed to use diluted meat broths, strained compotes, vegetable broths with a small amount of cream.

On the third day, you can eat one soft-boiled egg. Rough solid foods, vegetable juices, sour cream, milk, carbonated water are contraindicated. For breakfast, it is recommended to eat 100 g of jelly and drink 100 ml of warm sweet tea. The menu for the whole day is suggested in the table below.

In 3 days

On the 4th day you can eat pureed porridge. It is allowed to add semolina to meat broth. Slimy soups, steamed omelettes, steamed fish and meat soufflés, and sweet mousses are useful. Dry, dense foods high in fiber, which stimulate the motility of the digestive canal, are contraindicated.

Product list expansion

After a week, the diet is supplemented with kefir, fermented baked milk, fruit and vegetable purees, meat soufflés, baked apples, and low-fat cottage cheese dishes. However, you cannot introduce more than 2 new products per day at the same time. Rye bread is included gradually. After the surgeon's approval, you can eat marshmallows, honey, omelet, and low-fat cream. Over time, the consumption of cereals with the addition of milk and sweet tea is allowed. For lunch they prepare steamed cutlets, meatballs, boiled fish, meat, fruit mousses, mashed potatoes, and noodle soup.

Symptoms to see a doctor

The response to surgery can be a reaction from different organs:

• The nervous system sometimes reacts with insomnia and postoperative mental disorders. This requires careful treatment of the patient and treatment with appropriate medications. Pain as a reaction to organ damage is eliminated by taking analgesics so as not to interfere with the healing of the surgical wound.
• Emerging problems are associated with heart valve defects, coronary disease, and congestion in the gallbladder. Antiarrhythmic compounds and cardiac glycosides provide medicinal support.
• Slow blood circulation after surgery leads to thrombosis. They are dealt with by early activation of patients, leg bandaging, and performing therapeutic exercises directly on the hospital bed.
• Hiccups, vomiting, and belching may be signs of obstruction of the digestive canal or peritonitis.
• Black tarry stools and bloody vomiting are symptoms of bleeding in the intestines. They are accompanied by tachycardia, hypotension, pale skin, and sometimes loss of consciousness.
• Constant constipation with bloating, pain, and stomach discomfort are possible, against which even laxative medications are powerless.
• Diarrhea that resolves with restoration of intestinal functions. Its prolonged manifestation in the postoperative period is a reason to seek medical help.
• An increase in temperature is a natural reaction of the body to abdominal intervention, to stress at best and to infection at worst.
• Due to injury received during surgery, fecal incontinence is possible. The doctor selects the optimal treatment methods to restore the functionality of the obturator apparatus, including through physical exercise.
• The release of urine drop by drop during the postoperative period indicates complications affecting the urinary canal. In such cases, the doctor decides to prescribe antispasmodics, enemas, and catheterization of the bladder.

Intestinal operations are complex types of surgical treatment. The prognosis will be favorable if during the rehabilitation period the patient responsibly and competently follows the doctor’s instructions and follows a therapeutic diet.

After surgery, the intestines need a gentle regime so much that, as a rule, the patient spends the first days on a nutrient solution administered through a vein. Then the patient switches to specialized nutrition, and he will have to follow the diet for a long time after discharge from the hospital.

Products approved for consumption have minimal impact on the operated organ and contribute to its rapid recovery. All products that cause gas formation, thermally or chemically irritate the intestinal walls are excluded. To avoid mechanical irritation, food is crushed. This diet will have to be followed for about a month, in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations.

Prohibited foods after intestinal surgery

Soups cooked in meat and fish broth, mushrooms, nuts, legumes and white cabbage are excluded from the menu. The patient should not eat baked goods, sweets, sour fruits, or ice cream. In the early stages of the diet after intestinal surgery, bran is prohibited, although in the future it is worth introducing it into the diet.

Sample menu for the first and second stages of the diet

After switching to independent nutrition, the patient can only eat liquid meals or jelly 8 times a day, in portions of no more than 400 g, including drinks:

• first breakfast: tea with sugar, sour compote;
• second breakfast: compote;
• third breakfast: weak meat broth;
• lunch: fruit jelly, rosehip broth;
• afternoon snack: tea with sugar;
• first dinner: rice water, jelly;
• second dinner: rosehip decoction;
• third dinner: compote.

In the following days of the diet after intestinal surgery, butter is added to unsweetened liquids, lemon slices are added to tea, and gradually they move on to pureed porridge and meat and fish soup, which constitute the second stage of recovery. All this time, the patient needs an increased amount of fluid - up to 3 liters per day.

Third stage

At the third stage, the patient gradually switches to a normal diet, including everything necessary. Bakery products and chocolate, legumes and cabbage are still prohibited. A sample menu looks like this:

• breakfast - buckwheat with egg and cheese, tea with milk;
• second breakfast - cottage cheese with sour cream and jam, wheat bread crackers;
• lunch - soup with pasta in meat broth, boiled meat or steamed cutlets with vegetables, compote;
• afternoon snack - pureed meat, crackers;
• dinner - boiled fish with vegetables, meatloaf, tea.

Leaving the diet after intestinal surgery

The therapeutic nutrition program is balanced; all necessary substances are supplied to the body. Fully crushed and pureed foods should be discarded after examination confirms good intestinal health. In the future, you need to avoid prohibited foods and add bran, wholemeal dishes, blueberries, carrot and pumpkin juice, and mineral water to your daily menu.