Presentation on the topic nitrogen. Nitrogen and its properties, presentation for a chemistry lesson (grade 9) on the topic “suffocating air”
Application. Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant and for cryotherapy. Industrial applications of nitrogen gas are due to its inert properties. Gaseous nitrogen is fire- and explosion-proof, prevents oxidation and rotting. In petrochemistry, nitrogen is used to purge tanks and pipelines, check the operation of pipelines under pressure, and increase the production of fields. In mining, nitrogen can be used to create an explosion-proof environment in mines and to expand rock layers. In electronics manufacturing, nitrogen is used to purge areas that do not allow the presence of oxidizing oxygen. In a process traditionally carried out using air, if oxidation or decay are negative factors, nitrogen can successfully replace air. An important area of application of nitrogen is its use for the further synthesis of a wide variety of compounds containing nitrogen, such as ammonia, nitrogen fertilizers, explosives, dyes, etc. Large quantities of nitrogen are used in coke production (“dry quenching of coke”) during unloading coke from coke oven batteries, as well as for “pressing” fuel in rockets from tanks to pumps or engines. In the food industry, nitrogen is registered as a food additive E941, as a gaseous medium for packaging and storage, a refrigerant, and liquid nitrogen is used when bottling oils and non-carbonated drinks to create excess pressure and an inert environment in soft containers. Content.
Slide 25 from the presentation “Nitrogen and its compounds” for chemistry lessons on the topic “Nitrogen”Dimensions: 960 x 720 pixels, format: jpg. To download a free slide for use in a chemistry lesson, right-click on the image and click “Save Image As...”. You can download the entire presentation “Nitrogen and its compounds.ppt” in a zip archive of 1294 KB in size.
Download presentationNitrogen
“Nitrogen oxide” - 4. Give examples of reactions that prove the acidic properties of nitric oxide (III). Nitric oxide (V). Several nitrogen oxides are known. +1 +2 +3 +4 +5. NO. N2O. All nitrogen oxides, except N2O, are toxic substances. Nitrogen is capable of exhibiting several oxidation states from -3 to +5. +3 +5 2NO2 + H2O = HNO2 + HNO3.
“Silicon and its compounds” - Characteristics plan: In nature, it occurs in the form of oxides, silicates and aluminosilicates. From top to bottom: Garnet. Study the properties of silicon. Analysis of lunar soil samples showed the presence of SiO2 in an amount of more than 40%. Lesson objectives: Application of silicon compounds. Give a general description of the element silicon. It is also found in plants and animals.
“Nitrogen Lesson” - At the end of the lesson, students evaluate their activities in accordance with self-assessment criteria. 2. Operational and execution stage (15 min.). Methodological recommendations for studying the topic “Nitrogen as a simple substance.” 3. Reflective-evaluative stage (20 min.). Equipment and teaching material. It takes 2 hours to study the topic.
“Nitrogen and its compounds” - Nitrogen compounds. Radioactive isotopes of nitrogen with mass numbers 11, 12, 13, 16 and 17 are known. The oxidation states of nitrogen in compounds are: 3, ?2, ?1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5. The amount of CuO is 2 times greater than calculated. There is another version. Municipal educational institution “Secondary school No. 6 with in-depth study of the French language.”
“Obtaining radioactive isotopes” - Radioactive isotopes in biology. The “labeled atoms” method has become one of the most effective. Radioactive isotopes are widely used in science, medicine and technology. Application of radioactive isotopes. Radioactive isotopes in archeology. Using nuclear reactions, isotopes of all chemical elements can be obtained.
Nitrogen. Ammonia. Nitrogen and its oxides. Element nitrogen. Properties of ammonia. Characteristics of nitrogen. Nitrogen and its compounds. Nitrogen subgroup. Carbonyl compounds. Characteristics of the element nitrogen. Preparation of phenol-formaldehyde resin. Oxygen compounds of nitrogen. Basic properties of ammonia. Lesson topic: Ammonia. Fixation of molecular nitrogen. Presentation on the topic: Nitrogen.
Permanent connections. Technology lesson in 7th grade On the topic: Tenon joints. Occupational poisoning with nitrogen oxides. 1C: Alcohol production. Problems of obtaining energy resources from biomass. Kazakhstan: production, export, import of pesticides. Automated module for obtaining technetium-99m.
Legislative basis for organizing education for children with disabilities. Energy-saturated and composite materials – production and application technologies. Obtaining legal protection of a trademark within the framework of national and international registration. Comprehensive program “Attracting, supporting and accompanying talented youth in the process of obtaining an engineering education at PSTU.”
Collection ppt. Pb4 compounds. Agriculture 2nd grade. Background for May 9. Titan in chemistry grade 11. Subgroup of carbon and nitrogen. Nitrogen and phosphorus are elements of life. 4 years together in elementary school. Methods for analyzing toxic substances. On May 9th for primary school 1st grade. In chemistry, phosphorus and its compounds, grade 9. Filling out a notice to receive a parcel.
On the organization of general education in the form of family education and self-education in the Krasnodar Territory in the 2013-2014 academic year.
Repeat and consolidate knowledge about the structure of the atom and molecule of nitrogen. Study the physical and chemical properties of nitrogen. Reveal the role of nitrogen in nature.
“There is no life without nitrogen, for it is an indispensable component of proteins.” D.N. Pryanishnikov
K. Scheele and G. Cavendish obtained nitrogen in 1772. D. Rutherford described the preparation and properties in 1787. Lavoisier proposed the name nitrogen - “lifeless” (and - no, zoe - life). Numerous names: unclean gas, suffocating gas, spoiled air, flammable air, saltpeter, putrefactive agent, deadly gas, nitrogen, etc.
Natural form Earth's shell Salts of ammonium and nitric acid Lithosphere, hydrosphere Nitrogen Atmosphere Nitrogen and ammonia from volcanoes Lithosphere Compounds in some types of fuel (oil, coal) Lithosphere Nucleic acids, protein substances Biosphere
2nd period, 5th group, main subgroup Contains 5 electrons on the outer energy level +7)) 2 5 Oxidizing agent N 0 + 3e - N -3 * Make up formulas for compounds of N with Li, Ca, Al. Reducing agent N 0 –1,2,3,4,5e - N +1 ,N +2 ,N +3 ,N +4 ,N +5 * Make up the formulas of the oxides 3 1 2 4
N N N N BOND: -COVALENT NON-POLAR -TRINARY -STRONG MOLECULE: -VERY STABLE -LOW REACTIVITY 1 3 4 2
Gas without color, odor and taste. Poorly soluble in water. Slightly lighter than air, density 1.2506 kg/m3 Tº pl.= -210 º C Tº boil.= -196 º C Does not support respiration and combustion
Oxidizing N 2 0 2N -3 When heated with other metals (Ca, Al, Fe) At room tº only with Li * At high tº, p, kat (Fe, Al, K oxides) with H 2 Reductive N 2 0 2N +2 * At tº electric arc (3000 - 4000 º C) with O 2
Application Production of ammonia and nitric acid. Creation of an inert atmosphere in metallurgy. Production of nitrogen fertilizers. Production of explosives. Liquid nitrogen in medicine. Saturation of steel surface to increase strength
Preparation In industry - from liquid air In the laboratory - by decomposition of unstable nitrogen compounds
1 m 2 o 3 l 4 e 5 k 6 u 7 l 8 a Securing new material
Reflection (work in pairs) Name of the topic - one noun Description of the topic - two adjectives Description of the action - two verbs + gerunds (or three verbs) Attitude to the topic - four words The essence of the topic - one word.
Paragraph No. 23, report sheet, exercise 5 work tetra Write a story on the topic: “The Journey of Nitrogen in Nature” Answer the questions: How can you prove experimentally that there is nitrogen in the air? To transport vegetables and fruits over long distances, refrigerators are used, in which liquid NITROGEN is used as a refrigerant. What properties is this based on?
Slide 2
A liquid nitrogen
Liquid nitrogen is non-explosive and non-toxic. Liquid of transparent color. It has a boiling point of −195.75 °C.
By evaporating, nitrogen cools the fire and displaces the oxygen necessary for combustion, so the fire stops. Since nitrogen, unlike water, foam or powder, simply evaporates and disappears, nitrogen fire extinguishing, along with carbon dioxide, is the most effective method of extinguishing fires from the point of view of preserving valuables.
Slide 3
Application of liquid nitrogen
- for cooling various equipment and machinery;
- for cooling computer components during extreme overclocking
Slide 4
- Liquid nitrogen is used in cosmetology. for the treatment of vulgar, plantar and flat warts, papillomas, hypertrophic scars, vulgar acne, rosacea.
- In the food industry, nitrogen is registered as a food additive E941, as a gaseous medium for packaging and storage, a refrigerant, and liquid nitrogen is used when bottling oils and non-carbonated drinks to create excess pressure and an inert environment in soft containers.
Slide 5
Behavior of substances in liquid nitrogen
Substances in liquid nitrogen become brittle
Slide 6
Liquid nitrogen burns
You should cool the affected areas of the body with water or cold objects, administer painkillers, and apply bandages made from sterile dressings or improvised materials to the wounds.
Slide 7
Caisson disease
Caisson sickness occurs when there is a rapid decrease in pressure (for example, when ascending from depth, leaving a caisson or pressure chamber, or ascending to a height). In this case, nitrogen gas, previously dissolved in the blood or tissues, forms gas bubbles in the blood vessels. Characteristic symptoms include pain or neurological impairment. Severe cases can be fatal.
Slide 8
Chemical properties of nitrogen
- 6Li + N2 = 2Li3N
- N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3
- N2 + O2 = 2NO
Slide 9
Chemically, nitrogen is a fairly inert gas due to its strong covalent bond, while atomic nitrogen is chemically very active. Of the metals, free nitrogen reacts under normal conditions only with lithium, forming nitride:
- 6Li + N2 = 2Li3N
As temperature increases, the activity of molecular nitrogen increases. When nitrogen reacts with hydrogen under heating, elevated pressure and the presence of a catalyst, ammonia is formed:
- N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3
Nitrogen combines with oxygen only in an electric arc to form nitrogen oxide (II):
- N2 + O2 = 2NO
Slide 10
Nitric acid
The boiling point of nitric acid is +83 °C, the freezing point is –41 °C, i.e. under normal conditions it is a liquid. The pungent odor and the fact that it turns yellow during storage is explained by the fact that the concentrated acid is unstable and partially decomposes when exposed to light or heating.
4HNO3 = 2H2O + 4NO2 + O2.
Slide 11
Interaction with metals
Concentrated nitric acid
- Me+ HNO3(conc.) → salt + water + NO2
Noble metals (Au, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Pt) do not interact with concentrated nitric acid, and a number of metals (Al, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni) are passivated at low temperatures with concentrated nitric acid. The reaction is possible with increasing temperature
- Ag + 2HNO3(conc.) → AgNO3 + H2O + NO2.
Slide 12
Dilute nitric acid
The reduction product of nitric acid in a dilute solution depends on the activity of the metal involved in the reaction:
Active metal
- 8Al + 30HNO3(dil.) → 8Al(NO3)3 + 9H2O + 3NH4NO3
Medium activity metal
- 10Cr + 36HNO3(dil.) → 10Cr(NO3)3 + 18H2O + 3N2
Low-active metal
- 3Ag + 4HNO3(dil.) → 3AgNO3 + 2H2O + NO
Slide 13
Preparation of nitric acid
- NaNO3 + H2SO4 = NaHSO4 + HNO3
- 4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O (Conditions: catalyst – Pt, t = 500˚С)
- 2NO + O2 → 2NO2
- 4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O ↔ 4HNO3
Slide 14
Application of nitric acid
- Production of nitrogen and complex fertilizers.
- Production of explosives.
- Production of dyes.
- Medicine production.
- Production of films, nitro-varnishes, nitro-enamels.
- Production of artificial fibers.
- As a component of a nitrating mixture for trawling metals in metallurgy.
Slide 15
Ammonia
Ammonia - NH3, hydrogen nitride, under normal conditions - a colorless gas with a sharp characteristic odor (the smell of ammonia).
Ammonia is almost twice as light as air. The solubility of NH3 in water is extremely high - about 1200 volumes (at 0 °C) or 700 volumes (at 20 °C) in volume.
Ammonia (in European languages its name sounds like “ammoniac”) owes its name to the Ammon oasis in North Africa, located at the crossroads of caravan routes. In hot climates, urea (NH2)2CO, contained in animal waste products, decomposes especially quickly. One of the decomposition products is ammonia. According to other sources, ammonia got its name from the ancient Egyptian word amonian. This was the name given to people who worshiped the god Amon. During their rituals, they sniffed ammonia NH4Cl, which, when heated, evaporates ammonia.
Slide 16
Ammonia is dangerous
In medicine, a 10% aqueous solution of ammonia is known as ammonia. The pungent odor of ammonia irritates specific receptors of the nasal mucosa and promotes excitation of the respiratory and vasomotor centers, therefore, in case of fainting or alcohol poisoning, the victim is allowed to inhale vapors of ammonia
Ammonia is dangerous if inhaled. In acute poisoning, ammonia affects the eyes and respiratory tract, and at high concentrations it can be fatal. Causes severe coughing, suffocation, and with a high concentration of vapors - agitation, delirium. Upon contact with skin - burning pain, swelling, burn with blisters.
First aid: rinse eyes and face with water, put on a gas mask or a cotton-gauze bandage moistened with a 5% solution of citric acid, rinse exposed skin with plenty of water, immediately leave the source of infection.
If ammonia gets into the stomach, drink several glasses of warm water with the addition of one teaspoon of table vinegar per glass of water and induce vomiting.
Reaction of ammonia with water and acids
Both an aqueous solution of ammonia and ammonium salts contain a special ion - the ammonium cation NH4, which plays the role of a metal cation. It is obtained as a result of the fact that the nitrogen atom has a free (lone) electron pair, due to which another covalent bond is formed with the hydrogen cation, which is transferred to ammonia from acid or water molecules:
This mechanism for the formation of a covalent bond, which arises not as a result of the sharing of unpaired electrons, but due to a free electron pair present in one of the atoms, is called donor-acceptor.
- NH3 + HCl = NH4Cl
- 2NH3 + H2SO4 = (NH4)2SO4↓
- NH3 + H20<->NH4 + OH-
If you add a few drops of phenolphthalein to an ammonia solution, it will turn crimson, i.e. it will show an alkaline environment:
Slide 20
Ammonium salts
enter into an exchange reaction with acids and salts:
- (NH4)2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 → BaSO4 ↓ + 2NH4NO3(NH4)2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NH4Cl + H2O + CO2
react with alkali solutions to form ammonia - a qualitative reaction to ammonium ion:
- NH4Cl + NaOH → NaCl + NH3 + H2O
- decompose when heated NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl
- NH4NO3 → N2O + 2H2O
- (NH4)2Cr2O7 → N2 +Cr2O3+ 4H2O
View all slides
Slide 1
The letters are given: R, Z, I, O, A, P, T, M. These letters contain the name of an element about which it is known: - 78% of air consists of a simple substance formed by this chemical element; - the hydrogen compound of this element helps to bring a person out of fainting; - ancient manuscripts are stored in the atmosphere of this gas; - the acid formed by this element dissolves silver, but does not dissolve iron and aluminum; - this acid forms salts that are beneficial to plants, but harmful to people; - if the Russian names of chemical elements are arranged in alphabetical order, then the first one will be...Slide 2
Nitrogen is the eternal source of tantalum torment of humanity, it is the eternal torment of hunger in the midst of an ocean of abundance. M. Kamen (American biochemist).
Slide 3
Slide 4
According to the UN, one third of the world's population is hungry, and every minute several people die from this cause. What is the importance of nitrogen for the existence of life on Earth? Why is nitrogen associated with problems of food shortage and hunger? How can nitrogen solve this problem?
Slide 5
Sub-problems. History of the discovery of nitrogen. Prove the high reactivity of the element nitrogen. What physical properties are characteristic of the simple substance nitrogen? What reactions does molecular nitrogen enter into and what properties does it exhibit in them? What properties of nitrogen are its applications based on?
Slide 6
Give definitions of concepts. Atmosphere. Covalent chemical bond. Molecular crystal lattice. Oxidation-reduction reaction. Oxidizing agent, reducing agent.
Slide 7
Project assignments. When, by whom and how was the element nitrogen discovered? How common is the element in nature? What explains the discrepancy between its name and symbol? What is the importance of nitrogen for the existence of life on earth? Why is the literal translation “lifeless”? What do you know about the element nitrogen? Give its general characteristics. Write the electronic formula and electronic diagram of the structure of the nitrogen atom. Determine the characteristic oxidation states. Why is the chemical element nitrogen highly reactive?
Slide 8
Project assignments. What physical properties are characteristic of the simple substance nitrogen? Draw a diagram of the structure of a nitrogen molecule. What is the mechanism of formation and the nature of the chemical bond in the nitrogen molecule? Why is the nitrogen molecule inert? What reactions does molecular nitrogen enter into and what properties does it exhibit in them? Give examples of reactions that characterize the chemical properties of nitrogen. Why, despite the high nitrogen content in the air, does life on our planet not stop?
Slide 9
Project assignments. How is nitrogen obtained in industry? What properties of nitrogen are its applications based on? What is the essence of the cycle of the element nitrogen in nature? Why is nitrogen called the element of war in some cases, and the element of life and peace in others?
Slide 10
Nominations. "The most scientific." "The most ineresting". "The most original." "Most Illustrated"
- Presentation on the topic “Russian symbolism” The philosophy and aesthetics of symbolism were influenced by various theories - from the views of Plato to F
- Moscow State Linguistic University Schedule of entrance tests in the darkness
- Iron-carbon alloys - steel and cast iron
- Teacher remuneration system Attitude to teacher remuneration
- What kind of puffball mushroom is it - edible or not and how is it useful?
- What is personal income tax in Belarus? When income tax is not paid in Belarus
- Who are “black realtors” and how do they work: fraud schemes used in the secondary market and in new buildings Black realtors help
- Horoscope for August from Alexander Zaraev Astrological calendar of Zaraev for August
- Methods for reducing accounts receivable, writing off accounts receivable, accounts receivable ratio
- Military pensioners for Russia and its armed forces
- Children born in the year of the monkey People born in the year of the monkey
- Economic growth and economic development Improvement of workers' skills
- Presentation "Old Russian length measures"
- Presentation "Architecture of Ancient Greece"
- Ferrous metallurgy - presentation Types of ferrous metallurgy enterprises
- Presentation on the topic "heat engines" Presentation on the physics of the principle of operation of heat engines
- Nitrogen and its properties, presentation for a chemistry lesson (grade 9) on the topic “suffocating air”
- Presentation of "flatworms" Type roundworms
- Presentation on Singapore
- Presentation on the topic: Life of Boris and Gleb