Male and female brains: differences. Female brain, male brain Features of brain function in men and women

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Women often complain that men do not understand them. Representatives of the stronger sex often make similar claims. Both of them usually consider the reason to be that their partner’s attitude is not good enough. According to experts, this is not the reason at all, but that the brain of a man and the brain of a woman work so differently that difficulties arise on their own.

Today we will tell the reader about the most important of these differences.

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Brain size and neural connections

The male brain is on average 10% heavier than the female brain. Scientists argue that this does not provide any advantages in the intellectual sense: the relative increase in the organ corresponds to the need to control a more massive body.

The differences in the structure of neural connections in the brains of men and women are much more significant. Among the fair sex, transverse connections predominate, that is, those that connect the right (responsible for logical thinking) and left (responsible for intuition) hemispheres. Therefore, women do not experience any particular problems when solving problems that require the use of both instinct and a cool mind. In the male brain, longitudinal connections predominate, connecting the anterior and posterior parts of the cortex. The exception is the cerebellar zone: in this area, connections between the hemispheres in men are very well developed, which explains the ability of the stronger sex to easily learn complex physical actions and achieve great success in matters that require a high degree of control over their body.

In men, the lower parietal lobe of the brain, which is responsible for mathematics abilities, is better developed, and in women, the areas of both hemispheres that determine the ability to perceive the features of language and use spoken language.

Age-related changes in the brain

At an early age, the difference between a boy's brain and a girl's brain is minimal; differences begin to appear between 14 and 17 years of age and increase with age.

As the body ages, the human brain “shrinks out,” losing some of its volume. In men and women, this process occurs with significant differences. Thus, in representatives of the stronger sex, the frontal and temporal lobes, the function of which is to control cognitive abilities, emotions and personal characteristics, decrease at the greatest rate. In women, the parietal lobe and the area of ​​the hippocampus, responsible for spatial perception, vision, speech and memory, “dry out” faster. In general, men begin to lose brain volume earlier than their peers. Scientists associate this feature with the protective effect of estrogen on the brain. The most active decrease in brain size in women occurs at the age of menopause, when the production of sexual hormones sharply decreases.

In addition, a woman's brain and a man's brain are susceptible to neurodegenerative changes to varying degrees: women are more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease, and men are more likely to develop Parkinson's disease.

Perception of signals coming from the senses

Women's hearing is sharper and more subtle than men's, and the point here is not in the hearing aid as such: the female brain is able to perceive sounds more clearly and highlight the smallest intonations. Likewise, men are inferior to their female friends in terms of detailed tactile sensations.

Similar differences in visual acuity have not been established, but there is a significant difference in the perception of visual signals: a man usually sees the whole picture better, while a woman pays attention to details.

Logic and emotions

Women on average have better memory than men, a larger vocabulary and higher speech activity. In addition, the fair sex has better developed emotional aspects of thinking. But men are able to more sensibly assess the surrounding reality, without complicating events with their anxieties, suspicions and subjective approach.

In any circumstances, a man pays attention to the quantitative, factual side of the issue, and a woman pays attention to the details and emotional overtones of events. For example, driving in a car through an unfamiliar city, the husband remembers the time periods spent on individual parts of the road, and his wife remembers various objects that can serve as landmarks (buildings, signs, etc.). Representatives of the sexes even show a sense of humor differently: a man is interested in the “salt” of an anecdote, while a woman prefers the story itself, which gradually reveals the meaning of a funny situation.

Behavioral and social differences

Men and women not only feel and think, but also behave differently. Representatives of the fair sex are naturally sociable and tend to establish trusting relationships. Women are considered the best organizers, capable of unobtrusively uniting people to solve a common problem. Men are more likely to be “loners”, more adapted to competition, ambitious and aggressive. In a conflict situation, a woman prefers to solve the problem through negotiations, and a man prefers to resolve the conflict by escalating the conflict.

The female tendency to somewhat disperse attention to details also has a positive side: any representative of the fairer sex easily combines several streams of information and is able to do several things at the same time. The male way of thinking involves complete concentration on a specific topic, and moving from one thing to another requires some effort and time.

Knowing the features of the brain of men and the brain of women is very useful. In fact, this is the easiest way to understand each other and stop conflicting over trifles. Remembering how another person differs from you, you can become his support, and save yourself from far-fetched grievances and disappointments. Take care of each other and be happy!

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Scientists believe that 20% of men have a female brain, and 10% of women have a male brain, of course, with many individual differences. For example, women hear twice as well (2.3 times) as men. Women hear a man shouting (and think he is angry), while men feel that he is speaking in a confidential manner, even with a hint of sympathy.

A woman hears the speaker with the help of both hemispheres (left and right), while a man hears primarily with the help of the left hemisphere, with the participation of verbal, logical thinking and, therefore, critically. Women have closer connections between the two hemispheres of the brain, which allows them to solve several problems at the same time, and a man’s speech seems to them to be emotionally charged, subjectively conscious through their desires and anxieties, filtered through ethical or social values. They hear what a man says, but even more they feel how he does it, feeling the timbre of a man's voice, the rhythm of his breathing, his supposed feelings.

The left hemisphere of the brain is more developed in women, and the right (so-called emotional) is more developed in men. This is contrary to what ordinary people (and sometimes even psychotherapists) think. This means that a woman is more involved in verbal participation and communication, while a man is more prepared for action and competition.

The husband interrupts his wife to offer a solution, and the wife feels like he is not listening to her. In fact, men are more emotional than women, but they express their emotions less, and this should not be neglected in married life. For a woman, time is more important; the left hemisphere is responsible for this. For a man, space is more important, and the right hemisphere plays an important role here. The advantage of a man when tested in volumetric spatial action is enormous, starting from childhood.

A woman finds her way along specific markers - surpassing a man in remembering or identifying specific objects. A man operates with abstract concepts - he is able to improvise, “shortcut to get to his car or hotel.”

It is believed that a woman is more sensitive, but not emotional. She has a very well developed hearing, which is why gentle words, timbre of voice, music, etc. are important to her. Her tactile sensitivity is more developed - on a woman’s skin there are 10 times more receptors sensitive to touch. In addition, oxytocin and prolactin (attachment and affection hormones) increase her need for touch and affection.

As for vision, in men it is more developed and more eroticized - hence their interest and excitement caused by clothes, makeup, jewelry, nudity, and pornographic magazines. However, women have better developed visual memory (for faces, the order of objects, the shape of objects, etc.).

The fundamental differences between men and women are attributed to natural selection over more than a million years of evolution of the human species. The man is adapted to hunting over large spaces and distances (as well as to fighting and war between tribes). Usually he had to silently pursue his prey, sometimes for several days, and then find his way back to his cave (orientation). In ancient times, there was very little verbal exchange; it is estimated that prehistoric man met no more than 150 people in his entire life. During the same period of time, the woman's brain adapted to her primary purpose of raising children, which required verbal communication. Based on this, at the biological level, a man is programmed for competition, a woman for cooperation.

These differences are established during the very first weeks of intrauterine life, and are very little influenced later by education and culture. Today it is believed that our personality is determined and determined one-third by heredity, one-third by intrauterine life. Personality is determined one third by acquired knowledge, which is influenced by the cultural environment, level of education, upbringing, and random circumstances.

When the ball is on the ground, boys kick it, and girls pick it up and press it to their chest. This happens involuntarily and is directly related to hormones.

Testosterone is the hormone of desire, sexuality and aggression. It could be called the hormone of conquest (military or sexual). At optimal testosterone concentration:

• develops muscle strength (40% of muscles in men; 23% in women);
• determines the speed of reactions and lack of restraint (92% of drivers honk in traffic jams, and these are mainly men);
• promotes the formation of aggression, competition, dominance (the dominant male maintains the quality of the species);
• develops endurance and perseverance;
• promotes wound healing, increased baldness, vigilance, development of right-sidedness of the body, accuracy of movements and orientation.

Estrogens, in turn, contribute to the development of dexterity, separate movement of fingers, left-sidedness of the body, as well as the formation of about 15% of body fat in men and 25% in women, necessary for protecting and feeding the baby.

Estrogens also affect a woman’s hearing; she distinguishes a wider range of sounds, recognizes sounds and music better (6 times) than a man, and sings better. The woman remembers the names of colors well, and she also has well-developed auditory and visual memory. A woman is attracted to a dominant male who is strong, protective, experienced and socially recognized, and who is usually older in age.

The woman speaks without thinking; a man acts without thinking.

A woman who is unhappy in her personal relationships also has problems at work; a man who is unhappy at work has problems in relationships with women.

A woman needs intimacy in order to appreciate sexuality, a man needs sexuality in order to appreciate intimacy.

Source: Lecture by clinical physiologist, registrar of the European Association of Psychotherapy, Serge Ginger.

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