Diagnosis code according to ICD 60.1 decoding. What is diffuse cystic mastopathy of the mammary gland: the essence of the pathology, its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Surgery – resection

Mastitis is characterized by the following symptoms: fever; enlarged axillary lymph nodes; sharp chest pain; formation of suppuration. This disease can be eliminated conservatively only at the initial stage. Without proper treatment, it can cause an abscess, which can only be removed through surgery. Another disease of the mammary glands that occurs very often in women is mastopathy. This is a benign inflammatory change, usually developing as a result of hormonal disorders. Its signs are lumps in the chest, pain, and discharge from the nipples. Breast diseases Nodular mastopathy is considered more dangerous than diffuse mastopathy; it quite often requires surgical treatment. Mammologists advise being as attentive as possible to the prevention of hormonal disorders, especially if mastopathy has already been identified before. There is a hypothesis according to which breast cancer, as a rule, appears with mastopathy. A form of breast disease called a mammary cyst is also quite common. This disease also usually occurs due to hormonal imbalance; a strong risk factor, in particular, is the incorrect use of oral contraceptives. As a result, fluid-filled cavities form in the chest. Treatment consists of removing fluid from the affected area using a special needle, but it does not exclude recurrence of the disease. It is not surprising that the most feared disease of the mammary glands is cancer. The situation is complicated by the fact that in the first stages the disease may either not manifest itself at all, or produce symptoms reminiscent of signs of the development of mastopathy. That is why, at the slightest suspicion of the presence of cancer cells, it is necessary to undergo additional tests: a blood test, mammography, ultrasound biopsy. This will help make a correct diagnosis.

Mastopathy according to ICD 10 has code No. 60.1. The official name of the pathology is diffuse cystic mastopathy.

About the document

ICD is an abbreviation for the International Classification of Diseases. It is a normative document containing the names of all medical diagnoses.

Used in 117 different countries. WHO - the World Health Organization - took part in its compilation. The number 10 in the name “ICD 10” means the tenth edition of the document, which is currently current.

Codes No. 60 to No. 64 are assigned to diseases associated with the mammary gland. Mastopathy has the number 60.1. It is a pathological formation in the connective and glandular tissues of the mammary gland, which develop due to a violation of the natural hormonal balance in a woman’s body.

Symptoms of the disease

Diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy according to ICD 10 is the proliferation of breast tissue, in the thickness of which cysts, lumps, and nodes form. There is also a nodular form of the disease, which is characterized by the presence of single nodes.

The danger of the disease is that in the first stages there may be no symptoms at all. In this case, the pathology gradually progresses, small formations grow, and the risk of malignancy of pathological cells increases.

The primary ones are:

• breast enlargement due to stagnant processes in the gland, fluid retention in the tissues;
• compactions in the mammary glands when palpated;
• pain that becomes more intense during menstruation;

Causes

The reasons for the development of mastopathy are as follows:

• hormonal imbalance caused by diseases of the reproductive system - ovarian cysts, endometriosis, fibroids;
• artificial termination of pregnancy;
• childbirth at a late age;
• refusal of lactation;
• lack of a full sex life;
• endocrine pathologies;
• problems in the functioning of the liver or kidneys;
• chest injuries.

Mastopathy (code No. 60.1 according to ICD 10) is a disease affecting breast tissue. Lack of treatment leads to progression of the pathology and a number of serious complications. To avoid this, when the first signs of the disease appear, you must visit a mammologist, undergo an examination and begin therapy.

It is an effective complex, which includes:

• hormonal drugs, the action of which is aimed at stabilizing hormonal levels;
• homeopathic remedies;
• painkillers;
• vitamin and mineral complexes;
• healthy lifestyle.

Video about mastopathy and its treatment

Drug therapy is highly effective in the initial stages of the disease and most often leads to a temporary result. After some time, lumps in the mammary glands may appear again. The risk of relapse is especially high in women with problems in the functioning of the organs of the reproductive system, suffering from frequent inflammatory diseases, and having chronic pathologies.

However, conservative treatment can significantly improve well-being, eliminate pain, improve quality of life, and stop the progression of the disease.

For advanced forms of mastopathy, surgical treatment is performed.

Mastopathy according to ICD 10 (code No. 60.1) is a pathological proliferation of breast tissue with the formation of compactions, cysts, and nodes. Treatment is long-term. To prevent the development of complications, it is recommended to visit a doctor at the first signs of the disease and follow all these recommendations.

Content

Fibrocystic mastopathy (FCM) is a benign disease, the main symptom of which is pathological changes in mammary gland tissue in the form of disturbances in the ratio of connective tissue and epithelial components. This disease can occur in women of any age - both in adolescence and during menopause. Progesterone deficiency, increased production of estrogen, androgen can provoke a disease, about treatment, diagnostic methods, the types of which you will learn from the article.

Symptoms and signs

The following signs will help to suspect the presence of FCM, including bilateral ones, which can manifest themselves either individually or all together:

• As a result of self-examination, areas of breast tissue compaction that do not have clear boundaries are identified.
• The most important symptom is pain, which can be aching, dull against a background of discomfort and a feeling of heaviness. It can be periodic, constant, but always has a connection with the menstrual cycle. 10% of patients do not feel pain at all, although the changes in the mammary glands are the same as in women experiencing discomfort.
• Swelling and swelling of the breast, while the volume may increase by 15-20 percent. Mastodynia (increased sensitivity) and mastalgia (pain) are accompanied by flatulence, migraine, and a feeling of fullness in the abdominal area. Emotionally, the woman becomes restless and irritable. This set of symptoms, called premenstrual syndrome, no longer bothers the girl after the onset of menstruation.
• Discharge from the nipples, which appears involuntarily when pressed, has a clear, whitish, brown or greenish tint. The most dangerous discharge is considered to be bloody.
• Enlarged axillary lymph nodes, which occurs in 10 percent of patients diagnosed with diffuse FCM.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis can only be made by a qualified doctor. However, the first warning signs in the form of increasing constant pain and breast condition will let the woman know that something is not happening as expected. Diagnostics includes the following methods: palpation, initial examination, ultrasound diagnosis of glandular tissue, mammography. Pay attention to the appearance of the breasts, signs of enlargement, asymmetry, the condition and location of the nipples, the color of the halos, and the presence of discharge.

At the first concern in the breast area, every woman must consult a doctor to begin treatment of the disease at an early stage. To make a diagnosis based on the patient’s complaints, an additional examination is prescribed:

• Ultrasound of the mammary glands - reveals the presence of formed cysts, changes of various etymologies in the tissues.
• Palpation - examining the breast with your hands, identifying lumps.
• Nipple swab – if there is discharge from the nipple, a test is prescribed to determine the nature of the disease.
• Mammogram - x-ray of the breasts to determine the form of mastopathy, areas of compaction, and the presence of tumors.
• Study of liver enzymes - to determine the normal functioning of the organ.
• Consultation with an endocrinologist - this doctor, if necessary, will prescribe a test of thyroid hormones.
• Blood test for hormones.
• – extracting cells from a formed node with a syringe to examine them under a microscope to rule out the presence of cancer.
• Echography allows one to evaluate the structure of the glands, regardless of the type of structure, and allows for repeated dynamic monitoring among women of all age groups.

Nodular form of the disease

Due to the similarity of breast cancer and nodular mastopathy, it is necessary to conduct a thorough examination by a mammologist using radiological, clinical, morphological, cytological, and echographic methods. In the case of nodular mastopathy, foci of compaction are identified that have clear boundaries, a lobed, smooth or granular surface. With an intraductal location, pressure on the isola is accompanied by discharge of different colors and consistency.

During plain mammography, zones of intense uniform darkening, calcifications, oval shadows of cysts, and fibrous strands may be detected on radiographs. The combination of different forms of the disease gives a bright picture, which is characterized by multiple darkened areas, restructuring of the structure of the gland, areas of clearing of different shapes and sizes, the presence of individual shadows of fibroadenomas, strands of connective tissue, and cysts.

If a cyst is detected, a puncture with cytological examination is performed, followed by pneumocystography. The latter is necessary to control the completeness of emptying of the formation, detection of tumors, and intracystic hyperplastic formations. If intraductal changes are suspected, ductography is performed. It is determined by the introduction of contrast into the ducts, their expansion, deformation, cystic cavities, and the deposition of calcium salts. Ultrasound of the glands with Doppler sonography makes it possible to judge the size, location, vascularization of formations, and their structure.

ICD-10 code

ICD-10 is the international classification of diseases, tenth revision (based on Wikipedia). In Russia, it has been adopted as a single regulatory document in order to take into account the reasons for the population’s appeal, death, and morbidity. According to the classification, mastopathy is included in the section Benign mammary dysplasia N60:

• N60.0 – solitary cyst;
• N60.1 – diffuse cystic mastopathy;
• N60.2 – fibroadenosis;
• N60.3 – fibrosclerosis;
• N60.4 – ectasia of the mammary gland ducts;
• N60.8 – other benign dysplasias;
• N60.9 – benign dysplasia, unspecified.

Possible reasons for the appearance

The main reason for the development of FCM lies in changes in hormonal levels, which are reflected in the menstrual cycle. Such hormonal variability primarily manifests itself through disruption of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, which resolves on its own. Disturbances in the functioning of hormones can manifest themselves under the guise of premenstrual syndrome, which causes a lot of difficulties and worries for a woman. Fibrocystic mastopathy means that periodic disorders have become permanent, making the breast a vulnerable, weak link.

The cause of the disease may lie in the condition of the spine, since the regulation of metabolic processes in the chest occurs from the thoracic spinal region. The next factor that can trigger the disease is an imbalance of water balance. If a woman does not have the habit of drinking water regularly, then the body is in a state of water starvation, and this leads to changes in hormonal levels. Mastopathy can be triggered by chronic stress, endocrine diseases, problems of the reproductive organs, and endometriosis.

How to treat FCM

Thanks to many years of experience in studying this disease, mammologists have several methods of treating FCM at their disposal. To determine a specific program to get rid of the pathology, you should conduct a full examination, eliminate the cause of hormonal imbalance, and restore the functioning of the nervous system. When treating diffuse mastopathy, large dosages of vitamins are recommended to activate the immune system, and homeopathic medicines to normalize liver function.

Drug treatment with drugs

Drug treatment includes hormonal and non-hormonal. The first type is necessary to regulate cyclicity in the system, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries, since this normalizes hormonal levels by influencing gland tissue. The second type of treatment stops the manifestations of FCM in its mild form.

Non-hormonal conservative therapy includes the following drugs:

• Preparations containing iodine (“Klamin”, “Iodomarin”, “Iodine-active”), which regulate the functioning of the thyroid gland, reduce tissue proliferation.
• Vitamins B, A, E, C improve the functioning of the liver, which takes part in hormonal metabolism.
• NSAIDs (tablets "Nimika", "", "Diclofenac") relieve pain.
• Enzyme medications (Wobenzym, Mulsal, Lidaza) have an immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, decongestant, and analgesic effect.
• Calming and sedatives for treatment are indicated for psychological reasons that caused mastopathy. At the initial stage, tincture of motherwort and valerian is taken.
• Homeopathic remedies (Cyclodinone, Remens, Mastodinon) lower prolactin levels, eliminating its excessive production. Sometimes they are prescribed for prevention.
• Herbal medicine enhances the effect of medications, calms the nervous system, and relieves residual effects.

Treatment with folk remedies - recipes with herbs, infusions

If multiple lumps appear in the chest, easily palpable in the outer parts, in the center, this indicates the presence of diffuse FCM. At the initial stage, these changes are unstable and weakly expressed, but if left untreated, the seals become rough. For diffuse mastopathy, the use of folk remedies is allowed. The following recipes may help:

• Alcohol tincture of boron uterus fights tumors, normalizes metabolism, relieves inflammation in the bladder, and restores thyroid function. Judging by the reviews, this is an effective remedy. The tincture should be taken a teaspoon twice a day before meals for a month. During menstruation you need to take a break.
• You can treat with cabbage leaves. At night, a cabbage leaf is applied to the chest as a compress. The procedure is repeated until the seals completely disappear.
• Burdock juice helps get rid of seals. The squeezed juice should be taken one tablespoon three times a day for two months.
• Recipe for a medicine from celandine: grind a spoonful of dry herbs to a powder, mix with two tablespoons of melted butter, place the resulting ointment in a water bath, leave for 10 minutes, apply to the affected areas once a day until the seals disappear.
• Useful collection: chop and mix one part of valerian root, 2 parts of plantain leaves, 2 parts of St. John's wort herb, 3 parts of string herb. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, leave for 40 minutes. Take 2 tablespoons after meals three times a day for a month.
• Grind blue or gray clay, pour warm water until it completely covers it. Let it brew for several hours. The consistency should be similar to thick sour cream. Apply the mixture in a 2 cm layer on the chest on cellophane, wrap it with a warm scarf, and wash it off in the morning. The course of treatment is prescribed by a herbalist.

Hormone therapy

Hormonal treatment of FCM is aimed at stabilizing breast tissue and is used after studying the hormone status. The following drugs are used:

• Progestogens (Norethisterone, Duphaston, Utrozhestan, Progestogel-gel for rubbing the breast) are used in the second phase of menstruation. Reduce chest discomfort and pain.
• Estrogen-gestagen contraceptives (Marvelon, Zhanine) are prescribed for people under 35 years of age in the absence of ovulation or luteal phase disturbance. Designed to normalize various fluctuations in sex hormones.
• Prolactin production inhibitors (Parlodel) are used when excessive secretion of the hormone is detected.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic procedures for patients undergoing FCM treatment are prescribed very rarely. This is due to the fact that this disease is considered a contraindication to thermal manipulation. Exceptions to the rules include treatment methods such as mud baths, electrophoresis, shock wave therapy, ultrasound therapy, and other procedures.

Surgery – resection

Surgical treatment of FCM is indicated for the nodular form of the disease, which is practically resistant to drug therapy. Indications for surgery are those cases when there is rapid growth of tumors, the presence of severe concomitant diseases that do not allow long-term drug treatment, the presence of atypical cells in biopsy samples, the ineffectiveness of other methods, and a high probability of transformation into a cancerous tumor.

In most cases, sectoral resection is performed. This operation involves removing a sector of the gland that is affected by nodes and cysts. The surgical procedure lasts about 40 minutes and is performed under general anesthesia. If necessary, after the operation, drug therapy is prescribed: antibacterial drugs are prescribed, in addition - medications to stimulate the immune system, normalize the blood count, and complexes of vitamins and minerals.

Special diet

Special nutrition in the treatment of mastopathy involves eating certain healthy foods and limiting harmful ones. In addition to the contents of the daily menu, you should follow the correct regimen: eat at least five times a day at the same time. During the meal, do not be nervous, distance yourself from irritants, learn to relax. The following products have a positive effect on the general condition and slow down the growth of connective tissues:

• Fiber – walnuts, hazelnuts, pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, beets, carrots, apples.
• Legumes reduce excessive estrogen production.
• Thanks to coenzymes, spinach and broccoli fight tumors.
• Tomatoes, brewer's yeast, and Brazil nuts have a beneficial effect on the absorption of iodine and protect against the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation.
• Seaweed, sardines, mackerel, herring and salmon, shrimp, mussels, and squid contain essential iodine.
• Cottage cheese, celery, dried apricots, hard cheeses, sesame seeds, almonds contain calcium.
• All dairy products are healthy.
• White and green tea, due to catechin, activate the removal of toxins and sugar.

To reduce the risk of developing cysts, it is necessary to completely avoid products that cause an increase in the secretion of female sex hormones: semolina, premium flour products, canned food, pickles, corn oil, confectionery, margarine, mayonnaise, carbonated water, smoked meats, fatty foods, black tea, coffee, white cabbage.

Find out more about what to do with such a diagnosis.

Forecast and Cautions

As a rule, mastopathy is not prone to complications. Proliferative and nodular forms of the disease can become malignant over time, turning into breast cancer. However, with proper and timely treatment, the prognosis is favorable. FCM therapy involves changes in lifestyle, which include the following contraindications:

• You cannot sunbathe or sunbathe. The sun's rays cause the production of estrogen, making breast tissue sensitive and receptive.
• It is necessary to avoid visiting bathhouses and saunas.
• Physiotherapy is contraindicated; massage is strictly prohibited in the treatment of mastopathy, as this can damage the breast tissue.
• Hypothermia, which will aggravate the inflammatory process, should not be allowed.
• FCM can behave unpredictably during pregnancy, so many doctors advise women not to take risks, but some decide to become a mother. There are no problems with natural fertilization, but some people manage to get pregnant only with the help of modern medical progress. It is worth knowing that in vitro fertilization or IVF is fraught with danger for fibrocystic mastopathy, since this procedure requires preparation, including hormonal stimulating therapy for the implantation of eggs in the female body. The latter can cause the development of a tumor in the breast. Sometimes it is recommended to perform surgery to remove mastopathy before IVF to prevent it from becoming malignant.

According to ICD 10, mastopathy is coded No. 60.1. The official name of the disease is diffuse cystic mastopathy. A number of other pathologies are included in the group of breast diseases. The IBC is a normative document that contains all medical diagnoses. The purpose of drawing up such a code is to unify methodological approaches. MBC is used in 117 countries around the world. The document is compiled by the World Health Organization. 10 means the tenth edition, as of today it is valid.

IBC codes 10 from No. 60 to No. 64 – breast diseases. Mastopathy is numbered 60.1. This is a disease that occurs due to hormonal imbalance. With fibrocystic mastopathy, small tumors form in the breast; they can increase in size and even turn into cancerous tumors.

Clinical picture and symptoms

Diffuse cystic mastopathy is the proliferation of breast tissue.

The danger of the pathology is that at the initial stage you may not even be aware of its development. Small tumors do not cause discomfort and do not disturb a woman for a long time. Mastopathy can begin to progress and transform into cancer. That is why you should not delay your visit to the mammologist. It is best to undergo periodic examinations, which allows you to detect pathology at the very beginning of its development.

The primary symptoms of ICD 10 disease include the following:

• when palpated, compactions are felt;
• mammary glands may increase in size;
• painful sensations in the chest;
• greenish discharge appears from the nipples.

The disease, which according to IBC 10 is coded No. 60.1, is divided into two categories. With fibrous mastopathy, the amount of connective tissue begins to increase. If the form of the disease is cystic, small tumors appear in the mammary gland. At first they can be very small and can only be seen during a specialized examination, then the cysts increase in size and can even deform the breast. With nodular mastopathy, the lymph nodes become enlarged.

Causes of the disease

Before you begin to fight the disease, you should determine the reason why it began to develop. There are a lot of provoking factors.

The most common ones include the following:

• overwork, nervous exhaustion, frequent stress, prolonged depression;
• irregular sexual relations;
• abortive termination of pregnancy;
• late birth, pregnancy with complications;
• refusal of breastfeeding;
• gynecological pathologies;
• disruption of the endocrine system;
• renal or liver failure;
• mechanical damage to the mammary glands.

All these factors lead to hormonal imbalances, as a result of which fibrous or nodular mastopathy develops.

Treatment measures and prevention

Mastopathy (code 60.1 according to ICD 10) is a pathological process in breast tissue. Its progression can lead to very undesirable consequences. To prevent complications, you should consult a specialist in time.

He will conduct a consultation, examination, and write out a referral for tests. This will allow you to get an overall picture of the woman’s health condition, as well as determine the correct treatment regimen.

For the fibrocystic form of the disease, complex therapy is prescribed; it may include taking hormonal medications, vitamin-mineral complexes, homeopathic medicines, and traditional medicine. It is very important to adjust your diet. It is necessary that the body begins to receive a sufficient amount of vitamins from food. Vitamins A, C, E help normalize hormonal levels, as well as improve the functioning of all systems and organs. Antioxidants prevent the transformation of cysts in fibrocystic mastopathy into malignant formations.

Diffuse cystic mastopathy is a serious disease of the breast. It may not make itself felt for many years. Timely examinations by a specialist, proper nutrition, and a healthy lifestyle will help prevent the development of the disease and avoid complications.

Fibrocystic mastopathy is one of the most common diseases occurring in the tissues of the mammary gland and is characterized by histological changes in their structure. The new growths that appear in this case are benign in nature, but the cells have a tendency to transition to the malignant phase, and this has been proven by recent medical research. Therefore, the most important danger posed by pathology is transformation into cancer.

Attention! In medical practice, there are several other names for this disease: fibrocystic disease, chronic cystic mastitis, fibroadenomatosis, Reclus disease.

Characteristics and features of a dangerous pathology

Fibrous mastopathy is diagnosed in women of childbearing age (before menopause), most often from 30 to 45 years. Develops against the background of hormonal imbalance (with hyperestrogenism and progesterone deficiency).

Abnormal growths can occur from connective tissue cells, alveolar epithelium, and ducts. First, small and multiple neoplasms appear, which, as the disease progresses, become denser and enlarge, forming nodes up to 3 cm in diameter. The lesion is often bilateral (develops on both glands).

In the development of the pathological process, two stages are distinguished, each of which differs in clinical manifestations, size and number of compactions. The initial stage is diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy. With it, the appearance of multiple small neoplasms in the connective tissue is observed. The second stage is called nodal. It is characterized by the formation of large compactions in the connective tissue that do not have sufficiently clear boundaries. From one to several such nodes can form.

Pathology at an early stage may vary depending on which component predominates in the tumor: glandular, fibrous or cystic. According to statistical data, in patients aged thirty to forty years, numerous glandular cysts are more common, and pain is more pronounced. In turn, single large tumors occur in women whose age exceeds 35 years.

The disease is included in the International Classification of Diseases, ICD 10 code for fibrocystic mastopathy 60.1 (as one of the types of benign mammary dysplasia).

What causes the development of the disease

The main reason for the development of diffuse fibrous mastopathy is a hormonal imbalance, especially if the imbalance has been present for about two years or more.

The most dangerous factors that can lead to such pathological changes are discussed separately:

• too early onset of puberty and menarche;
• forced termination of pregnancy;
• inflammatory diseases occurring in the genital organs (ovaries, uterus);
• refusal of breastfeeding;
• problems with reproductive function;
• late onset of menopause;
• obesity;
• diabetes;
• liver disease (cirrhosis);
• pathologies of the endocrine system (hyperthyroidism and others);
• neurological disorders;
• taking hormonal contraceptives;
• stress.

For your information! Frequent insolation (exposure to large amounts of sunlight) can also lead to the appearance of tumors in the breast. Therefore, doctors recommend caution for topless lovers.

What symptoms are characteristic of the disease?

The very first symptom of fibrocystic mastopathy is the appearance of palpable lumps. They can be fine and coarse-grained to the touch or appear in the form of dense nodes, with slightly blurred boundaries. Most often, before menstruation, these lumps lead to painful sensations (aching, pulling), often radiating to the shoulder or arm. At the stage of diffuse neoplasms, pain subsides with the onset of menstruation. When the disease moves to the stage of formation of dense nodes, the pain does not stop even during menstruation, becomes more intense, and can occur from touching the breast. Soreness also appears in nearby lymph nodes.

Regardless of the severity of the pain, it cannot be ignored, because in this way the body gives a signal that there is a serious problem. Quite often, representatives of the fairer sex believe that discomfort before “critical” days in combination with swelling is normal. But in fact, this may be a sign of FCM, especially if the pain is radiating. Menstrual irregularities should also cause some concern.

Characteristic signs of fibrocystic mastopathy include a feeling of heaviness in the chest and discharge from the nipples, which may be similar to colostrum and have a slightly yellowish or light greenish tint. They can be either spontaneous or appear with pressure.

Important! If the discharge begins to turn brown or has bloody spots, then this is a signal of increased danger and a reason to urgently consult a doctor!

It should be understood that a neoplasm, even benign, is not a scratch and will not disappear on its own. Moreover, the sooner you undergo examination and receive qualified medical care, the better the prognosis for recovery and remission will be. Therefore, it is unreasonable to rely on the fact that pain and other clinical manifestations of FCM will disappear without adequate therapy. Moreover, advanced technologies make it possible to cure most patients with this diagnosis without taking radical measures. Accordingly, you should not be afraid of a visit to a mammologist; on the contrary, this is exactly the person who will help get rid of discomfort and restore health.

How is the disease diagnosed?

To prescribe adequate treatment for the symptoms of fibrocystic mastopathy, a comprehensive diagnosis is necessary. It begins with a consultation with a mammologist and the appointment of procedures such as:

First, the doctor conducts a careful examination of the patient, assessing:

• degree of symmetry of the mammary glands;
• clarity of breast boundaries;
• skin tone;
• location of nipples.

Palpation is mandatory, and first the doctor palpates the breast in a standing position, and after that, lying on the couch. Additionally, the lymph nodes under and above the collarbones, as well as the armpits, are palpated.

Additional types of diagnostics may be needed, it depends on the stage of the pathology, the doctor will prescribe: a biopsy (sampling of tumor tissue through a puncture to examine and confirm the good quality of the cells), a gynecological examination, and a consultation with an oncologist.

Methods of treatment and prevention of the disease

To treat fibrous mastopathy, hormonal therapy is provided, which is aimed at eliminating the imbalance in the body and bringing estrogen and progesterone to a normal ratio. Drugs for the treatment of fibrocystic mastopathy and their combinations are selected individually, based on the diagnostic results obtained.

Factors such as:

• age;
• the presence of concomitant diseases (both related and not related to the reproductive system);
• intolerance to certain types of drugs or substances;
• disease history.

Very good results in the treatment of this disease are achieved by the use of antiestrogens, such as tamoxifen, a medicine used primarily to combat breast cancer. Patients over 45 years of age may be advised to take methyltestosterone and other types of male hormones. Most often, doctors prescribe a complex drug (for example, testobromlecid), which not only stabilizes hormonal levels, but also has a calming effect on the central nervous system. There are other features of FCM therapy, depending on the etiology and clinical picture:

1. In some cases, patients need to take parlodel, a drug that slows down the formation of prolactin in the pituitary gland.
2. When the disease develops in combination with endometriosis, women are prescribed the androgen danazol.

From the moment conservative treatment begins, the doctor constantly monitors the patient’s condition, monitoring the degree of internal compaction. If characteristic symptoms persist after 2-3 menstrual cycles, a biopsy may be prescribed to determine the structure of the neoplasm. The duration of the recovery period is different for each patient, however, compliance with the doctor’s recommendations and successful elimination of the root cause of the disease play an important role. If you do not stabilize hormonal levels and normalize metabolic processes in the body, then there is a significant risk of relapse in the future.

In addition, drug therapy includes in the program the elimination of concomitant diseases and inflammatory processes occurring in the genital organs.

In difficult cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to treat fibrocystic mastopathy (its volume depends on the stage of development of the process and if drug therapy alone is insufficiently effective). You need to understand that the operation is aimed solely at eliminating the consequences of a malfunction in the body, so the main task is to cope with the root cause of pathological changes in the structure of the mammary glands. With FCM, surgery means partial excision of compacted tissue, which is subsequently sent for cytological examination to confirm its benign nature.

Separately, auxiliary types of influence on the pathological process are prescribed: vitamin therapy, complete cessation of bad habits, a special diet for fibrocystic mastopathy (aimed at improving the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract in order to quickly remove excess estrogen from the body).

To prevent the disease, women are recommended to regularly conduct self-examination (breast palpation) and annual mammography.

In addition, it is necessary to ensure a healthy sleep and rest schedule, as well as minimize the impact of stress factors. Girls with unfavorable genetics need to especially closely monitor the condition of the mammary glands. If women in your family suffer from a similar illness from generation to generation, it makes sense to protect yourself, namely: do not drink alcohol, do not smoke, do not have a large number of abortions and do not skip examinations with a gynecologist.

Interesting! Scientists say that pregnancy with the disease is not only real, but also useful. This will lead to a restructuring of the body and may be the best impetus for normalizing the existing hormonal imbalance.

Despite the fact that in the first three months after the birth of the baby there is a high risk of developing fibrocystic mastopathy, in general, feeding has a positive effect on the condition of the breast. Oral contraceptives, which help stabilize the menstrual cycle, can also serve as an additional means of preventing FCM. But they must be taken strictly on schedule and only after consultation with your doctor.