Cyston for cholelithiasis. Cyston: composition, contraindications and side effects. Dietary nutrition during the postoperative period

Cyston is a medicinal product of plant origin, an antiseptic and disinfectant, and has a diuretic and anti-inflammatory effect. Cystone regulates the crystal-colloid balance of urine, reduces the concentration in urine of substances involved in stone formation: oxalic acid, calcium, hydroxypropylene. The drug also promotes demineralization and dissolution of already formed stones and the removal of small particles. Cystone is available in the form of tablets for oral administration.

Peculiarities:

Since the drug has a delayed effect, it should not be taken in emergency cases, for acute pain.

Indications:

Cyston is used for the treatment of urolithiasis, urinary tract infections, prevention of postoperative nephrourolithiasis, and gout.

Reception regimen:

Cyston tablets are taken orally after meals. For the treatment of urolithiasis, 2 tablets are prescribed 2 times a day for 4-6 months; for the prevention of the formation of stones in the bladder, 1 tablet is prescribed 3 times a day for 4-5 months. To achieve positive treatment results, a long course of taking the drug is necessary, since cystone acts gradually, with sufficient accumulation in the body.

Release forms:

Cystone is produced in the form of round light brown tablets for oral administration, the tablets are packaged in plastic bottles of 100 pieces, 1 bottle in a cardboard box.

Contraindications:

A contraindication for taking the drug cystone is hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Pregnant women are allowed to take the medicine to treat cystitis.

Gallstones, unfortunately, are a common phenomenon. Many people face this disease. Gallstone disease can cause pancreatitis, cholangitis, cholecystitis and other diseases. Gallstone disease predominantly affects women. As you age, the likelihood of stone formation increases.

Gallstone disease (GSD) is a disease of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by the formation and growth of hard stones in the gallbladder. The disease occurs in three stages:

1. Physico-chemical. At the first stage, processes occur that predict the formation of stones. Cholesterol levels in bile increase.
2. Latent. Symptoms of the stage do not appear, similar to the first. But the stones are already present in the bladder, irritate the mucous membrane, and scratch. An inflammatory process begins in the gallbladder and ducts.
3. Clinical. At this stage, the symptoms of the disease are fully manifested and taken for attacks.

Stones formed in the organ during the course of the disease enter the bile ducts and can clog them. What happens causes complications in the functioning of the gallbladder. The patient experiences biliary colic, called an attack of cholelithiasis.

Causes

The key to the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is proper nutrition. are formed when metabolism is disrupted or an infection enters the body. There are many causes of diseases. Doctors studying disorders that occur in the gastrointestinal tract have identified certain risk factors. The presence of factors often causes the appearance of the disease:

• Sedentary lifestyle.
• Genetic predisposition.
• Poor lifestyle, alcohol consumption.
• Eating disorders, starvation, obesity.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

The disease often occurs in women during pregnancy. Due to the factors accompanying the expectation of a child, the level of cholesterol, the main component of stones, increases. The process promotes stagnation of bile in the bladder. The likelihood of the disease increases if you take hormonal drugs.

Symptoms of the disease

The first two stages of the disease are asymptomatic. The patient does not know that he is becoming a carrier of gallstones. Symptoms appear when. The first signs of the presence of disorders are considered to be bitterness in the mouth, pain in the right hypochondrium, and heaviness. Nausea, flatulence, and belching develop.

A small stone can pass through the ducts directly into the duodenum. Then the formation leaves the body along with feces. In such cases, the attack goes away on its own, without treatment.

If the stone is large, this is a sure sign of the danger of getting stuck in the ducts. This can lead to serious complications that require treatment. If the ducts are blocked, the pain does not go away, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor. With exacerbation of cholelithiasis, inflammation of the gallbladder occurs. Without treatment, the patient develops third-party diseases of the gastrointestinal tract:

• Acute pancreatitis.
• Obstructive jaundice.
• Cholecystitis.
• Liver abscess.

To avoid undesirable consequences, you should not ignore the symptoms of the disease. It is important to start treatment on time. In the early stages of the disease, treatment increases the likelihood of a full recovery with the least amount of time and effort for the patient.

Diagnosis of the disease

A gastroenterologist diagnoses and treats a patient with cholelithiasis. The doctor collects anamnesis and visual examination, studies the patient’s predisposition to the disease. Accurate diagnosis is extremely important; early symptoms are similar to other gastrointestinal diseases, for example, gastritis and pancreatitis.

To clarify the diagnosis, a number of additional studies are prescribed, including laboratory and instrumental methods. Ultrasound examination is considered the main instrumental diagnostic method in determining cholelithiasis. The method helps to determine the presence of stones, find out the size and location.

Based on the data obtained, the doctor makes an accurate diagnosis. An important role in diagnosis is played by studying the patient’s lifestyle and genetic predisposition. Observing a detailed picture of the course of the disease, the doctor prescribes appropriate treatment.

Treatment methods

Depending on the degree of progression and severity, treatment methods for gallstone disease are determined. When treating most diseases, doctors try to use conservative methods. Surgical intervention can lead to undesirable consequences for the functioning of the human body. If the disease becomes severe and therapeutic treatment does not bring results, the doctor decides to treat the disease with surgery.

Is it possible to do without surgery?

Many patients question the possibility of effectively treating the disease without surgery - and they are wrong. The opportunity to do without surgery is worth taking advantage of. The correct treatment method can only be prescribed by a doctor after studying the patient’s medical history, taking into account possible factors and risks. Self-medication is dangerous.

Treatment of gallstone disease without surgery is prescribed if the size of the stones is up to three centimeters. Gastroenterologists have sufficiently studied gallbladder disease. Based on research, a number of treatment methods have been developed. Diet, as a means of treatment, is widely used as a component of methods, also acting as a full-fledged method of treating cholelithiasis.

Treatment without surgery

Therapeutic treatments include medications and lithotripsy. Following a strict diet plays an important role. Sanatorium treatment is recognized as a positive way to cure the disease. Not all patients have the opportunity to use this method.

The conditions of sanatorium-resort treatment help provide the patient with a regime aimed at normalizing the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. A similar technique is used for patients with diagnoses: gastritis, stomach ulcers, chronic pancreatitis. Climatic conditions and regular walks prescribed to the patient play an important role. This is aimed at increasing the patient’s activity. The patient takes mineral waters and follows a diet. For people suffering from disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, a special menu is compiled. The patient is prescribed mineral baths and physiotherapy.

The main goal of treatment is to free the gallbladder and ducts from stones; lithotripsy plays an important role. The term denotes a non-contact procedure for the purpose of independent passage of formations through the ducts. The method is used for gallstones up to three centimeters. The danger of the procedure is due to the possibility of blocking the ducts with passing crushed stones. Along with lithotripsy, drugs are prescribed to help dissolve stones. For patients, ursodeoxycholic acid preparations are prescribed.

The doctor controls the treatment method using ultrasound examinations. Additionally, the use of herbal medicine is introduced. The attending physician adjusts nutrition for gallstone disease. Lifestyle changes for cholelithiasis are the main component of effective non-surgical treatment.

Diet for gallstone disease

For a complete recovery, the patient will need to change his lifestyle. Compliance with certain nutritional rules is important for gallstone disease. It doesn’t matter whether surgery was performed or treatment was prescribed without surgery, diet plays a huge role in the recovery process. There is a known list of popular diets for patients with cholelithiasis, the most common and effective from the list is No. 5.

Features of the fifth table

M.I. Pevzner, the founder of Russian diet therapy, developed a method of dietary nutrition in 1929. Based on the methods, a table of treatment tables was created. The scientist's approach to nutrition is widely used in spa treatment. There are fifteen diets in total. For patients with gallbladder dysfunction, diet No. 5 is recommended. The patient’s diet is prescribed by the attending physician, determining the period of compliance. It is also recommended to follow the diet at home, having studied acceptable food products and cooking rules.

The diet is aimed at a normal amount of protein and carbohydrate intake, with a noticeable reduction in fat intake. The energy value of the diet does not exceed 2500 kcal per day. A similar diet is prescribed for patients diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis, gastritis, and liver dysfunction.

The patient is prescribed fractional meals. It is recommended to eat food in small doses, without loading the digestive system. Five to six meals a day. An important element in the diet is food processing. It is recommended to consume food crushed or pureed. This prevents the production of excess bile and reduces the likelihood of colic.

Food should not be fried or smoked. It is advisable to steam and boil dishes. It is acceptable to bake or stew dishes. It is recommended to eat a minimum of salt (10 grams). Daily consumption of simple purified water is increased to two or more liters per day.

Do's and Don'ts

The patient will have to completely adjust the menu. You will need to study the list of foods to exclude from your diet. Alcohol can provoke spasms of the bladder and ducts, causing colic. Remove products that overload the liver and gallbladder, promoting the production of bile and gas formation. Products that irritate the gastrointestinal tract and overload the human digestive system are removed from the menu. Prohibited for use:

• Delicious baked goods.
• Mushrooms.
• Fatty dairy products.
• Cabbage, legumes.
• Smoked, salted, fatty fish.
• Fatty meat, sausages.
• Coffee, strong tea.
• Spices, herbs, onions, garlic.

The list is much longer. It includes products containing an abundance of animal fats, oils, smoked foods, and spicy foods. Strong tea is prohibited for gallstone disease; it is permissible to drink tea with milk or weakly brewed drinks. As an analogue of tea, compotes and rosehip decoction are used. We recommend foods rich in fiber, which improves digestion, pectins, which reduce inflammation, and lipotropic substances, which dissolve fats. Products containing magnesium, which relieves spasms of the gallbladder, have a beneficial effect on the body.

You need to eat foods:

• Rusks and bran bread.
• Lean meat.
• Dietary vegetable soup.
• Low-fat and lightly salted fish.
• Low-fat fermented milk products.
• Nuts, dried fruits and seeds.
• Vegetables containing pectin.

Fruits allowed include pomegranates and bananas. Baked apples, jelly, and marmalade are allowed. Seafood rich in iodine helps bind cholesterol. Vitamin D prevents salt deposition. Fish oil helps empty the gallbladder. The permitted product is cheese, but in limited use.

Following the rules of the diet can have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the gallbladder and the functioning of the entire body. Eating healthy foods improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, preventing many diseases. Helps strengthen the immune system and improve overall well-being.

Traditional methods of treatment

In folk medicine, selected recipes have been developed, supported by qualified doctors. Many of the descriptions use beets. The vegetable needs to be chopped and cooked until it reaches the consistency of syrup. Drink half a glass of the decoction three times a day. It is allowed to consume beet juice, alone or with radish juice. It is believed that beets help dissolve stones.

There are a huge number of honey-based decoctions. Radish, horseradish, birch sap and other ingredients are added to recipes. Treatment with honey has a choleretic effect, the product helps improve digestion.

Various medicinal herbs are widely used in traditional medicine recipes. A decoction of celandine and mint has a healing effect. Add corn silk, sage, chamomile and other herbs. Often decoctions need to be infused and taken a tablespoon several times a day; with a select few they take baths, others drink them like tea.

There is a known method of treatment and prevention of cholelithiasis with kombucha. Japanese kombucha contains acid that helps break down stones.

Homemade recipes are allowed to be used only after consultation with a doctor. Professional advice will help you avoid the unwanted consequences of self-medication. Healthy foods are recommended for the treatment and prevention of gallstone disease. Prepared without excessive use of spices and salt. It is important to exclude harmful, fatty foods that negatively affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Personal experience with the use of capsules shed super, drugs canephron and cystone

For long-term dysbacteriosis, intestinal candidiasis with diarrhea syndrome, i.e. With a tendency to loose stools and diarrhea, there is a loss of potassium in the body. The loss of potassium is accompanied by the loss of magnesium. The content of potassium and magnesium is very interrelated. A decrease in potassium causes disruption of the heart and cardiovascular system. Magnesium deficiency greatly affects the human nervous system, its resistance to stress, as well as the normal functioning of the gallbladder. There is a deterioration in the absorption of bile acids by the intestine. Fats and fat-soluble vitamins cannot bind to bile acids and form compounds with calcium in the intestines. As a result, steatorrhea is formed in the intestines - an increased content of neutral fats, soaps and fatty acids in the feces. Intestinal oxalic acid is not bound by calcium and enters freely into the blood, where it binds to serum calcium, followed by the formation of calcium oxalate. Some calcium oxalates are removed from the blood through the kidneys in the urine, and some are deposited in them, forming crystals, especially if a person does not drink enough water. Looking ahead, I can say that to compensate for the loss of potassium and magnesium in the body, I periodically take the drug Panangin.

Against the background of long-term intestinal dysbiosis, the resulting oxalate kidney stones made themselves felt in the form of a severe attack of renal colic, followed by emergency hospitalization in the hospital. Then, at an interval of approximately two years, there were two more attacks of renal colic with the passage of stones and sand from the kidneys. Thus, I spent three times in the hospital with kidney stones. Only over time, while working on my own health, did I come to the conclusion about the relationship between irritable bowel syndrome and diarrhea and the formation of oxalate stones in the kidneys. To move on to the experience of removing these stones, I will outline a little theory below.

This disease is better known in one of its manifestations - as kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), since stones present in the urinary tract are formed predominantly in the kidneys. The sizes of these formations are different and depend on the duration of the growth period. Sometimes urolithiasis is asymptomatic. In such cases, the presence of kidney stones may be indirectly indicated by unpleasant sensations (mild aches, dull pain) in the lumbar region after physical activity, especially in the case of heavy lifting.

The deposition of dense mineral stones in the renal pelvis occurs in the process of precipitation of urine salts, which can be caused by kidney injuries and disorders of urine excretion, but much more often - metabolic disorders and disorders of the nervous and hormonal regulation of renal functions. Kidney stones and sand can consist of 2-3 types of salts, but in most cases they are made up of only one type of salt. Based on their chemical composition, they are divided into oxalates, urates and phosphates. Less common are other types of stones formed by organic substances - sulfonamides, cholesterol, etc.

The formation of one type or another of stones depends on changes in the acid-base balance of urine that occur during illness. Oxalate and urate stones (oxalates and urates) form in acidic urine. Sulfonamide stones also occur in acidic urine, but this occurs only during intensive therapy with the use of sulfonamide drugs. Phosphate stones (phosphates), on the other hand, require an exclusively alkaline environment.

Symptoms of the disease

In nephrolithiasis, when the disease occurs with symptoms, it is customary to distinguish between acute and interictal periods. In the acute period, kidney stone disease is indicated by an attack of renal colic, which is characterized by sudden and violent pain in the lower back (often after physical strain), radiating to the groin and abdomen. Other typical signs are nausea, bloating, gas and stool retention, sometimes developing into intestinal obstruction, in which the nature of the pain becomes cramping. The attacks are repeated with a certain frequency.

During the interictal period, some signs characteristic of pyelonephritis may be observed (pain in the kidney area when tapping the upper part of the lower back), as well as slightly increased urine output.

The diagnosis of kidney stones is finally confirmed only by ultrasound examination of the kidneys or X-ray examination (X-rays best identify urate stones and less clearly - phosphate stones). A urine test can detect a shift in the acid-base balance to the acidic or alkaline side, as well as the presence in the urine of certain substances that promote the growth of stones.

Prevention and treatment

Prolit Super capsules

Elimination of nephrolithiasis depends primarily on the type of disease (dysfunction) that caused the deposition of stones - this includes metabolic disorders, vitamin A deficiency, etc. In the acute period, a painful attack is controlled by the following measures. The patient is supposed to immediately lie down in bed, and so that the upper part of the body takes an elevated position (pillows are placed under the back).

Composition of capsules

Heat (compress or heating pad) is applied to the kidney area. If a person is able to move, it is advisable to take a general or at least a local (to the waist) hot bath. Painful sensations are eliminated with the help of analgin, as well as antispasmodics such as baralgin (5 ml intravenously) and no-spa (2-3 tablets orally or intramuscularly 2 ml of a 2% solution).

When a person suffers from flatulence, which increases pain, you can use a gas tube or do an enema with chamomile infusion. A persistent absence of urine in the bladder or the presence of blood (pus) in the urine usually serves as a basis for surgical intervention.

During the interictal period, home therapy consists mainly of using diuretic teas from medicinal herbs and strict adherence to a diet. Any form of kidney stones excludes the use of table salt. In some cases, it can be replaced with less dangerous products (soy sauce, etc.), but these points are discussed with the urologist. With oxalates, consumption of meat and dairy products (especially cheeses), eggs, rice and flour dishes, and baked goods is indicated.

Some vegetables and berries are excluded from the menu: lettuce, spinach, sorrel, celery, potatoes, tomatoes, beets, beans, plums, gooseberries, strawberries, currants. Coffee, chocolate, cocoa, tea are prohibited. The lack of vitamins in the body is compensated by a course of vitamin therapy using carefully selected complexes. It is assumed that vitamin therapy inhibits the formation of stones, especially in the case of phosphates.

The following medications are used: cystone, spilled super capsules, canephron in tablets and drops.

Cystone composition

Oxalates often occur simultaneously with urates, or even in an acidic environment, stones form from two types of salts at once. In this case, a vegetarian diet is indicated, which naturally excludes the plant products listed above. Eating meat is allowed, but in limited quantities.

When clean uratah a diet is required that excludes coffee, chocolate, cocoa, tea, and smoked foods. Meat consumption (lean beef and poultry) is limited. Mineral waters with an alkaline reaction are useful for the patient, which include, for example, Borjomi and Zheleznovodskaya. It is important to remember that drinking highly carbonated mineral waters is dangerous for kidney patients, so for 15 minutes before drinking such water, the bottle with it should be kept open, allowing the gases to leave the liquid.

Information about the cystone manufacturer

In case of phosphates the use of saline-alkaline and other mineral waters containing bicarbonates is completely excluded. Foods rich in acids, primarily meat dishes and baked goods, as well as legumes, have a beneficial effect on the patient’s urinary system. It is undesirable to consume dairy products, carrots, tomatoes and other foods rich in calcium.

During an intensive course of sulfonamide therapy, it is recommended to drink up to 2 faceted glasses of baking soda solution per day (1 half teaspoon per glass). In addition, an indispensable condition for preventing the formation of sulfa stones is drinking plenty of fluids. The patient should drink at least 12 glass glasses (2.4 liters) of liquid per day.

Now about how I got rid of oxalate stones. Previously, long-term therapy was used for these purposes by taking an Indian Ayurvedic remedy called cystone. In principle, I used cystone before. A good friend of mine, a urologist, told me that cystone is considered an outdated remedy and prescribed a medicine, a dietary supplement, sold in any pharmacy under the name prolit super in capsules. There is also simply prolit in tablets, but I preferred prolit super capsules because, judging by the description, it has a beneficial effect on the gallbladder. They write that it removes stones from the gallbladder. Since my gallbladder is not doing well, I preferred pouring super in capsules. A course of 8 weeks was prescribed, 3 times a day, two capsules. There were two such courses with a three-month break. Before the third course, the kidney ultrasound description indicated one stone in each kidney. In the left – 4 mm, in the right – 3 mm. After the third course at 8 weeks, a repeat ultrasound showed the absence of a stone in the right kidney and a decrease in size in the left to 3 mm. I don’t remember what size the stones were before the first course, but the last one showed obvious positive dynamics. I asked the urologist if it was possible to continue taking these capsules, to which he replied that it was necessary to take a break of six months, during which he prescribed taking the drug canephron. Canephron comes in the form of drops and tablets. I did not take the drops, since they are alcohol-based. Since I have to drive the car myself, I take Canephron in tablets (dragés).

Preliminary conclusions

Canephron

The effectiveness of using spilled capsules is obvious. It is safe to say that it helps better than cystone in removing oxalate kidney stones. While taking capsules, super was poured, to compensate for the loss of magnesium and potassium due to intestinal dysbiosis, Panangin was periodically taken. I can’t say anything yet about how effective Canephron is in removing stones, since the course of therapy with it has only just begun. I will write about the comparative results of its use based on ultrasound results in this blog post later.

P.S. Upon completion of the course of taking Canephron, he underwent a repeat control ultrasound of the kidneys. The super effect achieved by using the capsules remained without significant improvement with the use of Canephron. The size of the remaining stone was still 3 mm, but I would like to clean the kidneys completely. Therefore, I decided to use prolit super in the future to completely remove stones and take it every six months as a preventative course, since there is a tendency to form oxalate stones.

Well, now the opinion of official medicine on the problem of the formation and removal of kidney stones (nephrolithiasis). Here is the information shared on the site Strastocvet:

In addition to the article, I would like to add that dehydration, inflammatory processes (cystitis, pyelonephritis), urinary passage disorders (strictures, tumors) increase the risk of stone formation. Important: During an infection, salts easily “sit” on the inflamed mucosa.

Types of kidney stones:

• oxalate, the mechanism of their formation is described in detail in the article. The diet for this type of stone should be limited to legumes, cruciferous vegetables (root vegetables, cabbage, greens), oranges and milk. It is recommended to increase the content of magnesium and potassium in the diet (dried fruits, grains, fruits).
• urate, for gout, increased breakdown of proteins (hypercortisolism, cancer cachexia, chronic intoxication), excess purines in food (meat, legumes, wine), abuse of smoked foods, coffee. This is a disease of gourmets and sybarites.

A prerequisite for the formation of urates in the kidneys is a pH below 5.5 (acid urine). Urates dissolve well!

• calcium and phosphorus (bone fractures, hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands, hypervitaminosis of vitamin D, excessive intake of calcium and phosphorus) with an alkaline urine reaction in vegetarians and adherents of a dairy-vegetable diet.

Important: food contains many orthophosphoric acid salts, which can be deposited in the kidneys when the pH of the urine changes.

Important: intake of calcium supplements and medicinal mineral water should be limited due to the possibility of stone formation. Calcium supplements must contain magnesium, which prevents stone formation.

Renal colic

This condition is associated with the movement of a stone along the ureter or renal pelvis. Colic occurs after exertion, changing body position, playing sports, or riding in public transport. The pain can be unbearable and be accompanied by vegetative symptoms: sweating, decreased blood pressure, palpitations, patients rush around and cannot find a place to rest. The pain radiates to the pubis, inner thigh, genitals, and lower back.

Treatment

Folk remedies for kidney stones: watermelon, beer, lemons.

Watermelon diet:

1. The first day - watermelon and a loaf of black bread.
2. Second day – at least 3 kg of watermelon. Repeat such days during the watermelon season at least 2 times a week.
3. To remove stones, you need to take a warm bath in the evening (relieves spasms and dilates the ureters) and eat several kilograms of watermelon. The method removes small stones and sand well.

Beer

Beer has a diuretic effect and has a slightly acidic pH, which means it is suitable for dissolving calcium and phosphorus stones. The main thing here is not to overdo it in terms of alcohol!

Lemons

They acidify urine and are indicated for calcium and phosphorus stones. It is usually recommended to use 1-2 lemons per day for at least 2-4 weeks.

Rosehip root, knotweed, bearberry, horsetail, and hydrangea also dissolve stones!

Sunflower has an alkaline pH and dissolves urate and oxalate stones. It also relieves inflammation and is slightly diuretic. 300 g of root is poured into 5 liters of water and boiled for 5 minutes, then left for several hours. To prevent stones, take 1.5 liters of decoction daily for 12 days; for treatment, the course is extended to 24 days. The courses are repeated every six months.

Hydrangea in the form of decoctions and supplements, it is indicated for acidifying urine and treating calcium and phosphate stones. Also dissolves salts in bile and joints, relieves inflammation.

Diet with a certain pH:

• sour, for dissolving phosphate and calcium stones in the kidneys: protein, lingonberry and cranberry juices, lemons, sour mineral waters such as Arzni, Truskavets, flour, vegetable oils. It is also necessary to reduce the concentration of calcium and phosphates in food;
• alkaline, for dissolving urate and oxalate kidney stones: dairy and vegetable, potatoes, pumpkin, cucumbers, cereals, watermelons. Alkaline mineral waters are also useful: Essentuki, Borjomi, Naftusya.

Important: Before any type of treatment, it is necessary to determine the pH of the urine and the type of kidney stones, otherwise they can increase in number and size!

DUVLT– external shock wave lithotripsy. The method is non-invasive and involves breaking up kidney stones with ultrasound. The sensor is placed on the lower back in the projection of the stone, the location of which is determined by ultrasound. The method is limited by the size of the stone; for large stones, ESWLT can be performed in several stages.

Of the drugs for dissolving kidney stones, I would like to note:

• urate and oxalate: Allopurinol (a remedy for gout), Blemaren (contains citric acid), Asparkam or Panangin (contains potassium and magnesium)
• calcium oxalate: Cyston, Prolit, Fitolysin, Urolesan.

Prolit and Cyston do not change the pH; Phytolysin cannot be used for phosphate stones.

Kidney stones are the result of metabolic disorders in the body. Failures can occur due to poor nutrition, disruption of the endocrine glands, and other reasons. As a result, the acid-base balance of urine is disturbed, and stones begin to form in the kidneys. Naturally, any person who learns about the presence of a kidney stone begins to be interested primarily in non-surgical methods of treating urolithiasis.

Conservative therapy for urolithiasis is possible. Moreover, doctors strongly recommend getting rid of kidney stones without surgery. In this regard, only every 20th patient ends up on the operating table. Modern medications act in such a way that the stones turn into sand and are then excreted from the body along with urine.

Taking medications can help prevent the formation of kidney stones. Some drugs affect the level of urine acidity, others help reduce the level of stone-forming substances in the human blood, and others actively help the body in the process of removing these substances from the body.

The selection of medications for the treatment of urolithiasis is impossible without preliminary diagnosis. Treatment tactics will be determined taking into account the location of the stone, as well as its chemical composition. If a person’s kidney stones have reached a large size, then first of all, it is necessary to change the acidity of the urine.

The following symptoms may indicate kidney stones:

Hematuria (blood is found in the urine).

Problems with urination (a person has a feeling that his bladder is full, the outflow of urine is difficult).

The appearance of pain in the lumbar region. Sometimes the pain can be very intense, and nausea and vomiting may occur. In this case we are talking about renal colic.

A person often experiences relapses of inflammatory diseases.

Urate stones are formed from uric acid salts. Ultrasound examination of the kidneys allows urates to be detected; X-rays are not informative. Urate stones can be dissolved by taking medications that reduce uric acid levels.

Among these medicines:

Allopurinol. The drug helps dissolve and remove urate from the kidneys by reducing the acidity of urine.

Purinol. An effective drug for dissolving urate stones.

Potassium citrate. This drug can be used to treat patients who do not have excessive calcium levels in their urine. Taking Potassium Citrate prevents the re-formation of stones.

Phosphate tablets

In order to get rid of phosphate stones, it is necessary to increase the acidity level of the urine. In addition to taking medications, the patient will need to adhere to a diet that includes acidic foods in the menu.

Madder extract. This drug has virtually no side effects, but is good at removing kidney stones. Taking the extract can reduce the discomfort that occurs during the passage of stones through the urinary tract, as it has an antispasmodic effect. It is worth preparing for the fact that after starting treatment with Madder Extract, the urine will acquire a reddish tint. This has nothing to do with hematuria.

You cannot combine the use of Madder Extract and Cyston.

This drug is highly effective in removing phosphate stones from the kidneys.

pros

Prolit is a source of organic acids, the action of which is aimed at improving the functioning of the urinary system as a whole.

Another advantage of treatment with Prolit is that it allows you to normalize your metabolism. After all, it is disruptions in metabolic processes that are the main cause of the formation of kidney stones.

The undoubted advantage of the drug Prolit is that it consists of natural ingredients. This minimizes the risk of side effects.

Prolit acts as a diuretic, preventing excess fluid from retaining in the body in general, and in the urinary tract in particular.

The drug has an antiseptic effect. This helps prevent the development of inflammatory processes in the kidneys.

Prolit is convenient to take and transport, as it comes in capsules. You need to drink 1-2 capsules, 2-3 times a day. As a rule, 1-2 months will be enough to remove sand and small phosphate stones from the kidneys.

Another advantage of the drug Prolit is that it is available over-the-counter from pharmacies. However, you should visit your doctor before starting treatment.

Minuses

The main disadvantage of Prolit is that allergic reactions may occur after taking it. However, it develops more often in those patients who have hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Therefore, before you start taking it, you need to familiarize yourself with the composition of the drug.

The presence of contraindications is another disadvantage of the drug Prolit. It should not be taken against the background of high blood pressure. This should definitely be taken into account by patients with kidney stones. Prolit is also not prescribed for the treatment of patients with severe symptoms, pregnant or lactating women. Do not use the drug to remove stones in people prone to and in patients with neuroses.

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to examine the gallbladder, since Prolit should not be taken by people who have large stones in this organ.

Anti-oxalate tablets

Oxalate stones are quite difficult to dissolve, so the course of treatment must be long. To get rid of oxalate stones, the following drugs are used:

Cholestyramine. The drug works at the gastrointestinal tract level. After penetration into the intestines, its active components bind to oxalates and prevent them from being absorbed. Their level in the urine drops, and existing stones begin to break down. Then, the resulting sand comes out through the urinary tract.

This drug is an effective remedy for removing kidney stones. It has no effect on urine acidity levels.

pros

The main advantage of the drug Cyston is its high effectiveness in the fight against urolithiasis due to its complex effect on the urinary system. The drug has both a diuretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic (by eliminating muscle spasms) and antibacterial effects.

A clear advantage of Cyston is that it consists of natural ingredients, which minimizes the risk of side effects.

Cystone can be taken by patients with urolithiasis against the background of renal colic, as it will help reduce pain and alleviate the person’s condition.

The most common complications of kidney stones are inflammatory diseases such as cystitis and pyelonephritis. Ceston allows you to speed up recovery and relieve inflammation, since it simultaneously has an antibacterial effect and affects the root cause of inflammation (i.e., it dissolves stones).

It is worth mentioning that Cyston is well tolerated by patients. This makes it one of the popular remedies used to treat urolithiasis. In addition, it can be combined with other drugs, but prior medical consultation is necessary.

One of the significant advantages of Cyston is that it can be used to treat even pregnant and lactating women. However, the dosage must be strictly observed.

Minuses

The only drawback of the drug is contraindications for its use. Cystone is not prescribed for the treatment of people with large kidney stones (more than 10 mm), as they contribute to obstruction of urine flow. People who have hypersensitivity to the components of the drug should refuse Cyston treatment.

This drug is considered one of the most effective remedies for the treatment of urolithiasis. It is used to remove urate and oxalate stones. However, during therapy with Asparkam, strict medical supervision is necessary. An analogue of Asparkam is Panangin.

pros

The most important advantage of the drug Asparkam is its high efficiency, because it allows you to remove even the hardest stones from the kidneys - oxalate ones. After taking the drug, the stones disintegrate and come out in the form of sand through the urinary tract.

Asparkam is a time-tested drug and this is its undoubted advantage. Doctors know exactly what side effects may arise from the use of Asparkam, which allows them to prevent their development.

A clear advantage of the drug Asparkam is the possibility of its use in pregnant women. However, during treatment you should be careful and strictly follow the doctor's instructions.

Asparkam can be used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of urolithiasis. It is important that they do not have a potassium-sparing effect.

As a rule, taking Asparkam is well tolerated, and side effects are extremely rare.

Minuses

The drug can affect the functioning of the heart, so you should not use it for more than 3 days and without medical supervision.

Self-medication with Asparkam is unacceptable, since failure to comply with the dosage can lead to the fact that the salts it needs will be washed out of the body along with oxalate stones.

The disadvantage of the drug is that it can significantly increase the level of magnesium and potassium in the blood. This leads to disruption of the heart muscle and nervous system, and can also trigger the re-formation of kidney stones. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly observe the dosage and frequency of administration.

Self-treatment with Asparkam is impossible, as it has an impressive list of contraindications and side effects. Thus, it is prohibited to prescribe the drug to people suffering from renal failure (chronic and acute), against the background of anuria and oliguria, and with metabolic acidosis. These contraindications are especially important for patients with kidney stones.

Asparkam is also not used to treat patients on hemodialysis and due to dehydration.

It is worth noting such negative manifestations that may occur after taking Asparkam, such as: impaired myocardial conductivity, disorders of the digestive system (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc.), allergic reactions, signs of hypermagnesemia (respiratory depression, fever) .

Universal preparations that break up stones

There are drugs that can dissolve any stones, regardless of their chemical composition.

Such means include:

Penicillamine. This drug is most often prescribed when cystine kidney stones are detected.

Tiopronin. This drug can be used to treat patients with urolithiasis, regardless of the chemical composition of the stones.

However, despite the high effectiveness of Tiopronin, it is prescribed only in extreme cases when other medications do not help. The fact is that the drug is very toxic.

Taking the drug helps to alkalinize urine and increases the content of sodium and potassium ions in it. Blemaren is actively used for the treatment of urate-oxalate and calcium-oxalate stones, provided that the oxalate content in them is no more than 25%. Potassium citrate, which is part of Blemaren, contributes to the active removal of calcium stones.

pros

The main advantage of Blemaren is that it not only helps remove stones from the body, but also prevents the formation of new stones. This is possible by normalizing the urine acidity level to pH 6.6-6.8. In addition, during treatment with Blemaren, the solubility of calcium oxalate in urine improves, since the drug inhibits the formation of crystals.

The advantages of Blemaren include its high bioavailability, which is 100%.

The drug has a very convenient release form - effervescent tablets for dissolution in water, and the resulting solution has a pleasant lemon taste.

Another advantage of the drug Blemaren is the presence in the kit of a control calendar and an indicator that allows you to determine the level of urine acidity and record the obtained values.

It is very convenient that Blemaren can be combined with other medications for the treatment of urolithiasis. However, you must first consult your doctor, as there are some restrictions. Taking Blemaren enhances the effect of Allopurinol.

Blemaren can be used to treat patients with diabetes.

Minuses

The main disadvantage of the drug Blemaren is the presence of contraindications, which often do not allow its use for the treatment of patients with urolithiasis. For example, it is prohibited to take it for chronic urinary tract infections, as well as for impaired renal excretory function. Blemaren is not prescribed for hypokalemic paralysis.

If the patient suffers from a severe form of arterial hypertension and adheres to a salt-free diet, then he is also prohibited from using Blemaren for the treatment of urolithiasis.

Another disadvantage of the drug Blemaren are the side effects that may occur after taking it: disorders of the digestive system (heartburn, belching, diarrhea, flatulence), as well as allergic reactions and swelling. In addition, Blemaren is not used to treat pregnant women and children.

difficult to tolerate by patients.

This drug helps remove calcium-containing and uric acid stones from the kidneys by alkalinizing the urine. The main active ingredient in it is potassium sodium hydrogen citrate.

pros

The main advantage of the drug Uralit U is that it not only promotes the removal of kidney stones, but also prevents their formation. After taking the drug, the urine acidity level returns to normal, and, as a rule, does not exceed 7.2

The form of release of the drug is very convenient. It is available in granules for preparing a solution. Therefore, along with the medicine, a person receives an additional portion of water, which is very important for people with urolithiasis. Uralit U has a pleasant lemon flavor.

Uralit U has high bioavailability, which is equal to 100%. This means that all active components will be fully absorbed by the body. The drug is excreted in the urine.

The product comes with an indicator that allows you to measure the acidity level of urine, which is very convenient for treatment at home. In addition, knowledge of this indicator allows you to adjust the dose of the drug. Most often, it is well tolerated by patients and does not cause side effects.

Minuses

Uralit U has very few disadvantages, which include the presence of contraindications to taking the drug, as well as side effects that may occur during treatment.

So, you should not prescribe Uralit U to patients with chronic and acute renal failure. It should not be used to treat patients with urinary tract infections, heart failure, or metabolic alkalosis. Another limitation to taking the drug is the salt-free diet that the patient adheres to. Uralit U is not used to treat children under 12 years of age or to treat pregnant women.

After taking the drug, dyspeptic disorders, swelling and allergic reactions may occur.

Also, during treatment with Uralit U, it is necessary to remember about cross-reactions that may occur when taking the drug together with other drugs, for example, with cardiac glycosides. Therefore, before starting treatment, you must consult a doctor.

Medicines of natural origin

To remove kidney stones, it is possible to use medications that are not of chemical, but of natural origin. They can be used to treat children and pregnant women. In addition, they are safe for health, as they have a minimal set of side effects.

Among these drugs:

Cysto-Transit. This drug is used to remove sand and small stones from the kidneys. In addition, urologists prescribe it to prevent urolithiasis.

Urolax (Uray). This drug allows you to dissolve even the hardest stones in the kidneys, while simultaneously providing an anti-inflammatory effect.

This drug is often prescribed to remove stones of any chemical composition.

pros

The main advantage of the drug Canephron is its high effectiveness in the treatment of urolithiasis. This is possible due to the fact that the drug has a complex effect on the human body. It has a diuretic, analgesic (spasmolytic), anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect.

Canephron can be used to remove kidney stones even against the background of complications such as cystitis, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, etc.

The advantage of Canephron compared to other drugs for the treatment of urolithiasis is its natural basis and the possibility of use for preventive purposes.

The patient can independently choose the most acceptable form of drug release for him. Canephron can be purchased in pill form and in solution form.

The drug can be used to treat children and pregnant women. Moreover, obstetricians and gynecologists very often recommend Canephron for use by pregnant women to reduce swelling.

Minuses

The disadvantages of the drug Canephron are the presence of contraindications. Thus, it is not used to treat patients suffering from alcoholism (this applies to the drug solution). Canephron is not given to children under one year of age (for solution) or under 6 years of age (for tablets). You should not take Canephron if you have hypersensitivity to the components that make up it.

Another disadvantage of Canephron is the possibility of side effects, including allergic reactions and dyspeptic disorders.

The drug effectively cleanses the kidneys of sand and small stones.

pros

Urolesan is a 100% natural product, as it contains only herbal ingredients.

Another advantage of Urolesan is its complex effect on the human urinary system. The drug can be used for renal colic to reduce pain, and for inflammatory kidney diseases to provide a diuretic and antibacterial effect. In addition, Urolesan acts as a choleretic agent.

Urolesan was developed more than 30 years ago, which allows us to judge its safety for treating people of different ages. Accumulated experience indicates that this is an effective drug used to remove sand and small stones from the kidneys.

Another advantage of the drug is the variety of release forms. You can purchase Urolesan in capsules, drops and syrup.

The advantage of Urolesan is that it is able to provide a mild sedative effect, which is very necessary for a person suffering from any disease. In this case, there is no depression of the central nervous system or psychomotor reactions.

The effect of taking Urolesan can be felt already 20 minutes after taking it. The drug is eliminated from the body naturally.

The drug has virtually no side effects. Those unwanted reactions of the body that are indicated in the instructions for use most often occur when the dosage is not observed.

Minuses

The disadvantages of Urolesan include the presence of contraindications and a minimal set of side effects that may occur after taking it. Thus, the drug is not prescribed for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus, as well as in the presence of stones in the kidneys or gall bladder, the diameter of which exceeds 3 mm.

Side effects occur very rarely, however, it is possible that reactions from the body such as nausea and. You can get rid of unpleasant sensations by drinking a cup of strong tea.

Achieving results in the treatment of urolithiasis is possible only if certain rules are followed, including:

Before you start taking any medication, you must undergo a series of examinations aimed at determining the chemical composition of the stones and their size.

Drink plenty of fluids during treatment. To get rid of urate and oxalate stones, Essentuki and Borjomi mineral water is prescribed. Mineral waters such as Narzan and Smirnovskaya help remove phosphate stones from the kidneys.

The patient should adhere to a dietary regimen, limiting the consumption of protein foods and salt.

Means that promote the removal of stones

Patients with urolithiasis are prescribed antispasmodics, which make it easier to remove stones from the kidneys, making this process less painful. Among these drugs:

Spasmalgon.

• Baralgin.

To prevent the formation of kidney stones, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

Maintain a drinking regime (you should drink at least 2.5 liters of water per day);

Move more;

Adhere to the principles of proper nutrition.

When deciding on treatment tactics for urolithiasis, the doctor takes into account the individual characteristics of the patient’s body. The composition of the stones and their sizes are important. More than 80% of patients are diagnosed with small stones, which makes it possible to get rid of them using conservative treatment methods.

Self-treatment with any drug is unacceptable. Consultation with a doctor is mandatory.

Mineral waters that dissolve kidney stones

Drinking mineral water helps dissolve kidney stones. However, you need to choose it correctly.

Alkaline mineral water is suitable for treating patients with urate and oxalate stones. These are drinks such as: Borjomi, Dilijan, Essentuki 17, Polyana Kvasova.

Acidic mineral water effectively removes phosphate stones from the body. These are drinks such as: Narzan, Mirgorodskaya, Smirnovskaya.

A mineral water bottle may have a number on it. If the number is 17, then the water is alkaline. If the name is followed by the number 4, then such water is slightly alkaline. It is worth considering that mineral waters with the same name may have different alkalinity and acidity. It is to determine this indicator that water is numbered.

Treatment of urolithiasis will certainly achieve the desired effect if the patient follows the following recommendations:

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to undergo a full urological examination. Based on its results, it should become known what kind of kidney stones the patient has, what their composition and size are.

All medications for the treatment of urolithiasis must be prescribed by a doctor. He also selects the optimal dosage and determines the frequency of medication administration.

Self-medication of urolithiasis is unacceptable.

All medications must be taken at the same time.

As a rule, stones begin to dissolve after 14 days from the start of treatment. The effect can be enhanced by supplementing the medication with diet. It is important not to interrupt the started course. If necessary, the doctor may refer the patient to undergo lithotripsy. When kidney stones are large, surgery is required.

Education: A diploma in the specialty “Andrology” was obtained after completing a residency at the Department of Endoscopic Urology of the Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education at the urological center of the Central Clinical Hospital No. 1 of JSC Russian Railways (2007). Postgraduate studies were also completed here in 2010.

Abdominal pain is a very general state of discomfort or rather an aggravating symptomatic background of any hidden illness. This may be indigestion, exacerbation of gastritis, liver dysfunction, pain at the beginning of the menstrual cycle, inflammatory process in the uterus or ovaries in women. You should always be prepared to provide yourself and your loved ones with first aid and have various tablets for abdominal pain in your home medicine cabinet.

Cases when self-medication is not acceptable

There are cases when abdominal pain is caused by pathological changes that pose a risk to life. And which require urgent ambulance care. At the same time, painkillers are not only useless, but also harm the patient - they do not provide a correct description of the clinical picture. Such a painful condition is usually characterized by a whole set of reactions that upset the body.

Sharp, spreading pain may indicate inflammation of the intestinal appendix - the appendix. The source of pain is localized on the right side and near the bladder, the condition is accompanied by low-grade fever (37-38*), frequent vomiting, and diarrhea.

Severe pain is concentrated in the very lower abdomen, in the pelvic area and sharply radiates to the rectum. They appear crampingly. There is dizziness, increased bleeding, rapid pulse.

Another dangerous symptom can occur during exacerbation or perforation of an ulcer - a sudden attack in the stomach or duodenum (under the diaphragm). Accompanied by the development of shock, the pain resembles a blow from a dagger. Breathing catches. The source of pain spreads to the entire abdomen, the abdominal muscles become dense and straight. There is a high probability of death.

Medicines

List of the most accessible

Group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:

An analgesic that stops the production of prostaglandins (substances that increase sensitivity to pain) and relieves inflammation.

Contraindications: exacerbation of gastritis, dyspepsia.

The price of the drug is approximately 26-30 rubles.

Analgesic drug, antipyretic. Like all salicylic acid derivatives, they narrow the vascular bed and are not recommended for symptoms of bronchial asthma.

Approximate price: 80 rubles.

Inhibits (inhibits) the synthesis of prostaglandins, reduces the conduction of pain impulses at the site of inflammation. Eases allergic reactions, relieves fever. Reduces spasm of skin blood vessels.

Contraindications: since the drug delays the removal of fluid from tissues, its use is limited to patients with renal failure. For severe kidney disease – prohibited!

Approximate price - from 120 - 300 rubles. (available in tablets and suspensions, there is a dosage form for children)

Inhibits pain impulses, a wide range of applications against various types of pain. Including menstrual ones.

Price – 140 rubles.

A group of drugs - analgesics, acting primarily on the smooth muscles of the abdomen:

"No-Shpa" (Drotaverine)

Myotropic drug, affects exclusively the smooth muscles of the abdomen, suppresses spasm. However, it does not treat the cause itself. Used as a temporary analgesic.

Approximate price 50 rubles.

It acts on spasms in the smooth muscles of internal organs. Relaxes muscles (reduces tone), has a weak sedative effect, acts both on the source of pain and on the nearest nerve pathways. Expands the vascular bed. The range of applications is varied (from bronchospasms to renal colic).

Price – 20-50 rubles.

A strong analgesic, used for pain of various origins.

Price – 99 – 230 rubles.

A group of drugs aimed at eliminating and treating disorders in the digestive organs:

The composition contains dry digestive enzymes: pancreatic enzymes, dry bile substances.

Price – 126 rubles.

Contains pancreas extract.

Price 50-55 rubles

Acts on the muscles of the intestines and stomach. Relieves pain, spasms in the stomach. It affects the microflora of the gastric mucosa.

Price – 524 rubles.

Enveloping, choleretic agent. Has an antacid and analgesic effect.

Price 23-25 ​​rubles.

Antidiarrheal agent.

Price 247 rubles.

Carminative, reduces the amount of gas in the intestines.

Price 280 rubles.

Reduces the secretory function of the stomach, reduces the amount of stomach acid. It is an antiulcer agent.

Price – 50 rubles (in tablets).

Medicines when the cause of pain is unknown

What to do when the cause of the pain is unknown? There is no one unique cure for all types of pain. A doctor's consultation is necessary to determine the underlying cause. However, if it is impossible to get an appointment with a doctor, you can take one of the group of strong analgesics. It is worth remembering that such remedies do not cure, but only temporarily eliminate discomfort due to abdominal pain. For abdominal pain in a child, it is recommended to take into account the intensity of the medication and the dose.

In case of strong signs and uncertainty of internal disease, “no-spa” is suitable, which eliminates spasm of smooth muscles. Since the abdominal organs are mainly surrounded and composed of this type of muscle, no-shpa can be drunk for: renal colic, for spasms in the liver, in the bladder for cystitis, at the beginning of menstruation. No-Shpa also relieves muscle tension and restores blood flow in the area of ​​spasm. Similar in mechanism of action to No-Shpa is Papaverine.

“Spazgan”, “Analgin”, “Unispaz” are suitable as antispasmodics for sharp and intensifying pain, but these drugs should not be abused, since this series of analgesics has a detrimental effect on the heart and kidneys.

What medications should be taken in specific cases?

When there are problems with the gastrointestinal tract

1. With a stomach ulcer, the pain occurs sharply: it can be either dull or stabbing. They usually appear in the center of the abdomen, accompanied by feelings of heartburn. The pain is concentrated in the epigastric region (under the heart), spreads around the navel, and can radiate to the back, to the shoulder blade on the left side. As an anesthetic you can take No-Shpu, Buscopan, Papaverine, Baralgin, Duspatalin. It is forbidden to take analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. To normalize the microflora of the gastric mucosa - antacids: Maalox, Almagel, Phosphalugel, De Nol.
2. For heartburn associated with increased stomach acidity and signs of reflux: medications that stimulate intestinal and gastric motility - Metoproclamide, Gastrosil, Reglan. Enveloping, pain-relieving drugs - “Maalox”, “Almagel”.
3. Pancreatitis: manifests itself as prolonged, aching pain in the abdomen, with a girdling character. Dull pain in the right or left side, in the hypochondrium. Pain relief can be done with No-Shpa, Papaverine. Along with food, auxiliary drugs are taken to facilitate digestion - Pancreatin. If the gallbladder is insufficient (removed), Festal is also recommended.
4. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder. Symptoms: paroxysmal and sharp pain in the right hypochondrium. Often accompanied by an increase in temperature (37-38), changes in the skin and sclera of the eyes. Vomiting and stool retention occur periodically. Used for abdominal pain - No-Shpa, Papaverine, Analgin, Baralgin. For bladder dyskinesia - choleretic drugs - Allohol, Cholinzyme.
5. For gynecological problems: as a rule, the most severe pain occurs in the first two days of the onset of menstruation. The pain is paroxysmal, pulling down the abdomen, acute. Pain may appear from the lower back. If your stomach hurts, you can take anti-inflammatory painkillers - Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Aspirin, No-Shpa, Papaverine.
6. With urological problems - cystitis: cutting, burning, pain occurs in the pelvic area (in the bladder). There is a feeling of overcrowding and the inability to go to the toilet. The process of urination also becomes painful, and residual urine may be retained in the bladder. Such symptoms may be associated with infection, in which case a broad-spectrum antibiotic is effective - Ciprofloxacin (Ciprolet tablets), Nolitsin. For spasms you can take Nimesil, No-Shpu. There is an effective drug based on plant extracts - Cyston.
7. Intestinal disorders. Diarrhea is a fairly common symptom that can be associated with various diseases - poisoning, appendicitis, monthly abdominal pain. However, if the disorder is caused by taking antibiotics, then it is enough to take a few drops of Hilak Forte, Linex. For food poisoning - Enterosgel, activated carbon. If the symptoms are caused by a food infection, then an antibiotic for the gastrointestinal tract is needed - Enterofuril, Levomycetin.

Pain in children

If the child has not hit himself anywhere and is not trying to attract the attention of adults with his complaints, then you should take his condition seriously. It is also worth ruling out overeating (especially sweets) as the cause of abdominal pain, and reviewing your daily diet - perhaps new foods have caused an upset or allergy. What can you give?

If you overeat, you can give Creon, Mezim. In case of poisoning - “Smecta”, “Enterosgel”. If your stomach hurts, NO-Spa and Nurofen for children help relieve the pain.

For diarrhea from an intestinal infection, enzyme preparations (such as Festal, Creon) are prohibited. Up to a year or 2 years, antibiotics are contraindicated. However, if diarrhea continues for more than 3 days, you should consult a doctor. For a child over 3 years old, you can purchase Enterofuril for children in capsules or suspensions. To replenish the water balance in the body, it is recommended to give Regidron.

Infants often experience colic; in this case, children's Espumisan, preparations based on essential oils of dill and fennel, are suitable.

Be sure to watch the video on this topic

In pregnant women

Waiting for the birth of a child is a very joyful and exciting event in a woman’s life. However, this period, the period of pregnancy, is associated with various kinds of ailments that occur as the body undergoes restructuring and changes.

In the early stages there are risks of spontaneous miscarriage and bleeding. Toxicosis. In the later stages, there may be a large load on the spine, a painful stretching of the pelvic muscles. Problems with the gastrointestinal tract, since most of the abdominal cavity is occupied by the fetus and the enlarging uterus. Stomach pain.

In these cases, every pregnant woman needs to have her own first aid kit, which can be taken:

The first drug that can help with pain is NO-Spa; doctors have found that this substance has little or no effect on the development of the fetus. But it helps with increased tone of the uterus and other types of spasms. It is necessary to take when the sensation of contractions lasts for several hours. It is recommended to take no more than 6 tablets per day.

Suppositories with papaverine can give the same effect.

Antibiotics are contraindicated for pregnant women; colds are best prevented and prevented using interferon drugs. Against the entry of viruses through the nose and larynx, you can use Oxolinic ointment.

Additionally: treatment with folk remedies

Treatment with folk remedies for abdominal pain at home involves the use of herbal decoctions and infusions.

As a cure for stomach pain, cumin seeds are brewed in the stomach in case of indigestion - 2 tbsp. spoons per 4 glasses of water.

If you overeat protein foods, water with lemon, ginger and mint can help, as it stimulates the production of gastric juice.

For abdominal colic and excessive gas formation, make a decoction-infusion of dill and fennel seeds. Which also has a weak diuretic effect.

For non-infectious diarrhea, prepare rice water. In addition, it acts as a coating agent for the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines. Calms the body.

For signs of heartburn and increased stomach acidity, half a teaspoon of soda dissolved in a glass of water helps. For healed stomach ulcers, tea is made and drunk from dandelion root; you can prepare an infusion from plantain leaves.

Afterword

This article does not present all medications and methods of treating abdominal pain. And the most popular and effective drugs that can be purchased without a doctor’s prescription are described.

For a person who has undergone cholecystectomy, life is divided into two stages. The first refers to the preoperative period, the second - after it. An operation is not prescribed out of nowhere; therefore, the final stage of the first period of life represented a certain kind of physical and psychological suffering associated with periodic pain, regular visits to the attending physician, doubts and worries about the upcoming surgical intervention. The postoperative period begins with the fact that “everything is already behind us,” and ahead is a rehabilitation period filled with some uncertainties. However, life continues after gallbladder removal. The main task at this stage that worries the patient is the question of changes in the digestive process.

Removal of the gallbladder. Postoperative syndrome

The gallbladder, as an organ, is endowed with certain functions. In it, like in a reservoir, bile accumulates and concentrates. It tends to maintain optimal pressure in the bile ducts. But with the diagnosis of calculous cholecystitis, or cholelithiasis, the functions of the gallbladder are already limited, and it practically does not take part in the digestive process.

Throughout the course of the disease, the body independently removes the gallbladder from the digestive processes. Using compensatory mechanisms, it fully adapts to new conditions under which the function of the gallbladder is already disabled. The function of secreting bile is performed by other organs. Therefore, removing an organ that has already been removed from its life cycle does not cause a serious blow to the body, since adaptation has already occurred. Through the operation, the organ that promotes the spread of infection and generates the inflammatory process is removed. In this case, the patient can only experience relief.

Prompt decision-making on the part of the patient about the upcoming operation largely contributes to the successful outcome of the surgical intervention and a short period of rehabilitation. By making a timely decision, the patient protects himself from complications that may occur as a result of delaying the timing of surgical intervention, calling into question the satisfactory condition of the patient in the postoperative period.

When discharged from the hospital, the former patient, and now a person undergoing rehabilitation, is protected from constant visits to manipulation rooms and the constant care of the attending physician. Duodenal intubation and dubage remained in the life that was before the operation.

True, there are exceptions when the patient does not agree to undergo surgery for a long time, allowing the disease to affect the body for a long time. The inflammatory process spreading from the walls of the gallbladder can affect neighboring organs, causing complications that develop into concomitant diseases. As a rule, against the background of calculous cholecystitis, problems arise in the form of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, inflammation of the head of the pancreas, gastritis or colitis.

Patients with complications after gallbladder removal surgery require additional treatment after discharge from the hospital. The nature of the treatment and the duration of the procedures are prescribed by the patient’s doctor. The main issue facing both the group of operated patients without obvious signs of complications and the patients with complications is the nutrition process. The diet during the postoperative period is not strict, but excludes animal fats, which are difficult to digest by the body:

• lard
• fried lamb
• brisket.

Subject to a strict diet in the preoperative period, patients are allowed to gradually introduce new foods into the diet, excluding spicy canned food, strong tea, coffee, and the consumption of alcoholic beverages is strictly prohibited.

Occurrence of relapse

Surgery does not affect the composition of bile produced by the body. The production of hepatocytes by stone-forming bile may continue. This phenomenon in medicine is called “Biliary insufficiency”. It consists of a violation of physiological norms in an increase in the amount of bile produced by the body and its increasing pressure in the bile ducts. Under the influence of excess pressure, the toxic liquid changes the structure of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines.

With a negative prognosis, up to the formation of a low-quality tumor. Therefore, the main task in the postoperative period is a biochemical study of the composition of bile, carried out at regular intervals. As a rule, a duodenal examination of the duodenum is performed. It cannot be replaced by ultrasound, since ultrasound is unable to provide the appropriate result.

A clear indicator of the occurrence of relapse, or secondary formation of stones, is the placement in the refrigerator of 5 ml of liquid selected for analysis for a 12-hour period. If sedimentation occurs in the fluid within the allotted time, the bile is capable of forming new stones. In this case, drug treatment is prescribed with drugs containing bile acids and bile, which are stimulants of bile production:

1. lyobil
2. holenzyme
3. Allahol
4. cyclovalone
5. osalmid.

All of them are used as replacement therapy for biliary insufficiency after removal of the gallbladder. A mandatory prescription in such cases is ursodeoxycholic acid, which does not cause intoxication and is harmless to the mucous membranes of the intestines and stomach. It is taken, depending on the prescription, from 250 to 500 mg, once a day, preferably at night. Preparations containing ursodeoxycholic acid:

• Ursosan
• Hepatosan
• Enterosan
• Ursofalk.

Stones can be formed again, but not in the gallbladder, but in the bile ducts. A reducing factor for relapse can be the exclusion of foods containing large amounts of cholesterol from the diet:

1. fried and spicy foods
2. concentrated broths
3. egg yolks
4. brain
5. fatty fish and meats
6. alcohol
7. beer.

All of the above products pose a significant complication for the functioning of the pancreas and liver.

Dietary nutrition during the postoperative period

Special attention is paid to nutrition during the rehabilitation period after gallbladder removal. The main point is its regularity. The volume of food should be small, and the frequency of meals should be from 4 to 6 times a day. Food, as a stimulator of the bile-forming process, in this case is an irritant for the digestive organs, thus preventing the stagnation of bile. As a natural irritant, food contributes not only to the formation, but also to the removal of bile from the bile ducts into the intestines.

The most powerful product that helps expel bile is olive oil. In general, all vegetable fats have a strong choleretic effect. For patients prone to obesity, it is advisable to limit or minimize the consumption of foods high in carbohydrates:

• sugar
• potato
• confectionery and pasta
• baking

Spa treatment is not recommended for patients who have undergone surgery to remove the gallbladder, with the exception of patients with complicated cholecystitis or other concomitant diseases. Depending on the severity of the surgery, patients are not recommended to perform heavy physical activity or physical work that puts stress on the abdominal muscles for 6 to 12 months after the surgery. Heavy physical activity can lead to the formation of postoperative hernias. Overweight, and especially obese patients, are recommended to wear a bandage during this period.

After a patient is discharged from the hospital, medical specialists attach great importance to physical therapy. Specially designed exercises stimulate the abdominal organs to produce and remove bile. This “massage” with the help of physical exercises allows you to speed up the process of restoring the functions of damaged tissues of the abdominal area.

Possible consequences of surgery

As a rule, patients do not experience any negative consequences in life after gallbladder removal. This is ideally, but in the real world, a person who has undergone surgery is subject to a whole range of symptoms, in particular psychological ones, called “Postcholecystectomy syndrome”.
The sensations accumulated over the years of illness do not let go of the patient even after such a fait accompli as surgery to remove the gallbladder. The former patient is still tormented by dryness and a feeling of bitterness in the mouth, pain in the right hypochondrium is bothering him, and the sight of fatty foods also causes intolerance and nausea.

All these symptoms relate to the psychological state of the patient and have little to do with the internal processes occurring inside the patient, like a bad tooth that has already been removed, but it continues to give a painful sensation. But if such symptoms continue for a long time, and the operation was not performed in a timely manner, therefore, the reasons may be hidden in the development of concomitant diseases. The main reasons leading to negative consequences after removal of the gallbladder:

• Gastrointestinal diseases
• Reflux
• Pathological changes in the bile ducts
• Poorly performed operation
• Aggravated diseases of the pancreas and liver
• Chronic hepatitis
• Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.

To prevent postcholecystectomy syndrome, a thorough examination of the patient is carried out, both before surgery and in the postoperative period. Great importance is paid to the general condition of the patient and the presence of concomitant or chronic diseases. A direct contraindication to surgery to remove the gallbladder may be the presence of pathologies in the patient’s body.

Basic diet in the postoperative period

The possibility of certain nutritional problems associated with gallbladder removal can be resolved through an individualized diet for the patient, avoiding drug methods on the body. This approach to the patient can completely neutralize the postcholecystectomy syndrome that occurs after surgery.

The main point is not the products allowed for consumption during the rehabilitation period after surgery, but the diet of the nutritional process. Food should be divided into small portions and taken frequently at regular intervals. If the patient before the operation ate food 2-3 times a day, then in the period after the operation he needs to receive from 5 to 6 servings per day. This type of nutrition is called fractional nutrition and is designed specifically for patients of this profile.

The diet excludes foods high in animal fats, fried and spicy foods. The main focus is on the temperature of the cooked food. It is not recommended for patients to eat very chilled or very heated food. The consumption of carbonated drinks is strictly not recommended. Such recommendations are related solely to the absence of a gallbladder. Special recommendations include frequent drinking of drinking water. Before each meal, the patient is required to drink a glass of water, or 30 ml per kilogram of body weight. Water relieves the aggression of bile acids produced by the ducts and is the main source of protection for the mucous membranes of the duodenum and gastrointestinal tract.

In addition, water stops the passage of bile that occurs at the initial moment after surgery, when a change in duodenal motility may occur and bile may return to the stomach. At such moments, the patient may experience heartburn or bitterness in the mouth. Water resists this process, being a natural neutralizer. Dyspeptic disorders - flatulence, bloating, rumbling, constipation, diarrhea, can also be stopped by drinking a glass of drinking still water. Visiting swimming pools and open water bodies is very useful, since water is a source of soft natural massage for the muscles and internal organs of the abdominal cavity. Water procedures are indicated 1-1.5 months after surgery.

In addition to swimming, walking is very beneficial for patients who have undergone gallbladder removal. A daily walk for 30-40 minutes helps remove bile from the body and prevents its stagnation. Morning light exercise in the form of exercises is also recommended. Abdominal exercises that can be started only a year after surgery are unacceptable.

• Bread. Yesterday's baked goods, coarsely ground, gray or rye. It is not recommended to eat baked goods, pancakes, pancakes, and puff pastries.
• Cereals. Buckwheat, oatmeal. Cereals should be well boiled.
• Meat, fish, poultry. Low-fat varieties. Cooking process: boiled, steamed or stewed.
• The fish is baked. The use of broths is excluded. Soups are prepared using vegetable broths.
• Spices, seasonings, seasonings and sauces are not recommended.
• Eggs. Only in the form of a white omelet. The yolk must be omitted.
• Dairy and fermented milk products with the exception of whole milk. Sour cream – no more than 15% fat content.
• Fats. Fats used in food must not be of animal origin.
• Vegetables. Fresh, boiled or baked. Particular preference is given to pumpkin and carrots. Legumes, garlic, onions, radishes, and sorrel are not recommended for consumption.
• Berries and fruits. Preference is given to sweet varieties. Cranberries and Antonovka apples are not recommended for use.
• Sweets. Honey, molasses, natural marmalade on agar-agar, preserves, jams. It is completely necessary to give up cocoa products, confectionery, and ice cream.
• Beverages. The diet should not include carbonated, hot or cold drinks. Rosehip decoction, sweet juices, and dried fruit compote are recommended.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the prevention of gallstone disease after surgery to remove the gallbladder consists of complex physiotherapy, which includes ozone therapy. Ozone, being a natural antibiotic, helps strengthen the immune system and destroys colonies of bacteria, viruses and fungal diseases. Ozone helps correct the functioning of hepatocytes, which are responsible for the formation of bile.

Thematic video material will tell you how people live after removal of the gallbladder:

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