Pain and complications in the kidneys after a sore throat - causes and what to do. Kidney complications after influenza. Flu: complications on the heart Complications on the kidneys

Sore throat is a frequently diagnosed bacterial disease that has a negative impact on various organs and systems. Complications after tonsillitis on the kidneys are extremely dangerous. They are provoked by self-medication, illiterate diagnosis, exacerbation of chronic diseases and pathologies of the immune system. The consequences of angina occur equally in both childhood and adults.

Having a sore throat can damage your kidney health.

Why do complications occur?

When the body is struck by tonsillitis (acute tonsillitis), the immune system comes into play to fight the invading pathogenic infectious agents. The immune system often cannot withstand such invasions and cannot effectively protect the body due to the depressed state and the presence of various provoking factors, including poor environmental conditions, lifestyle, and frequent stressful situations. After infection penetrates, the immune system begins to produce antibodies that actively fight harmful bacteria or viruses.

Streptococcus, which causes acute chronic tonsillitis, has mutated in the process of evolution and acquired the ability to produce antigens similar to those synthesized by the heart muscle, joints, kidneys or other organs. A weakened immune system is “deceived” and cannot accurately identify the masking pathogen, but fights against antigens of the excretory or other system of the body. The consequence of such a struggle is complications.

In terms of the frequency of complications after acute tonsillitis, the urinary system ranks second, after the cardiovascular system.

Types of kidney complications after tonsillitis

A kidney complication that occurs after acute tonsillitis is manifested by inflammation and dysfunction of the urinary and urinary systems. In this regard, pathologies that arise after the negative impact of sore throat on the 2 groups indicated in the table:

If the complication manifests itself in the form of pyelonephritis, then most often the renal pelvis is affected. With glomerulonephritis, glomerular filtration of urine is impaired. Gross hematuria is detected in the urine. The excretory system cannot cope with the elimination of toxic substances. With renal failure, the kidneys completely or partially lose the ability to form and excrete urine. As a result of this pathology, disturbances in water-salt balance and acid-base balance are formed, leading to secondary damage to various organs and systems.

What's happening?

Complications of tonsillitis on the kidneys are reflected in the amount and composition of urine, swelling appears.

The kidneys hurt noticeably after a sore throat after 7-30 days. In addition to pain in the lumbar region, there are symptoms:

• hyperthermia with symptoms of chills;
• swelling of the limbs;
• macro- or microhematuria;
• the daily amount of urine excreted decreases;
• the color, transparency and smell of urine change.

All of the above signs indicate an inflammatory process that has appeared in the kidneys. According to statistics, renal complications after tonsillitis occur more often in childhood. Signs of inflammation cannot be ignored; urgent consultation with a nephrologist is necessary, and sometimes emergency hospitalization.

Diagnostics

Kidneys affected by tonsillitis are examined using blood tests, urine tests, and ultrasound.

If your kidneys hurt with a sore throat, you should consult a urologist or nephrologist. An experienced specialist, based on a detailed history, clinical picture, laboratory and instrumental research data, will establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe adequate therapy. For diagnostic purposes the following is prescribed:

• clinical blood test;
• general analysis and specific urine tests;
• X-ray and ultrasound examination of the kidneys.

The first includes conditions that negatively affect the functioning of the internal organs of a person who has suffered the disease, and the second - those affecting a limited area of ​​the body.

Local complications are easier to cope with, but the patient still experiences discomfort from them.

The consequences and complications of tonsillitis (this is another name for the pathology) arise for many reasons, including due to the patient’s failure to comply with the doctor’s recommendations.

How dangerous is a sore throat?

Many people consider a sore throat to be a non-serious disease: you can bring down the temperature with medications, but endure a sore throat and weakness in the body.

But such people are mistaken: the symptoms of the pathology may not bother the patient, but the possible consequences of tonsillitis are quite dangerous for health.

Complications of angina can be different - from an abscess developing in the peri-almond tissue to pathologies of the cardiovascular system and other organs.

Why do complications occur?

The causative agents of sore throat are staphylococci and streptococci. Penetrating into the human body, they encounter the immune system, which protects all organs.

The immune system begins to produce antibodies designed to destroy antigens of foreign bacteria.

But streptococci and staphylococci in their structure have antigens that are similar to the cells of many human organs: heart, liver, joints, etc.

The immune system cannot always distinguish which antigen is native to the body and which is foreign. When fighting foreign antigens, one of our own is also involved in the process.

Complications after a sore throat, occurring in any form, usually manifest themselves in the form of local changes in the tissues of the nasopharynx - abscesses and cellulitis, ear pain, etc.

Although they do not pose a threat to human life, they need to be treated. More dangerous consequences are general, affecting the internal organs of a person.

The reasons for the development of complications from sore throat in adults and children are as follows:

• failure to contact a medical facility in a timely manner;
• incorrectly selected therapeutic course;
• abuse of antibacterial drugs;
• treatment only with traditional methods without the use of pharmacological drugs;
• patient's refusal to complete the drug course of treatment.

Complications on organs

Complications after a sore throat begin to develop a few days or weeks after recovery has occurred and the person feels an improvement in their condition.

The disease can negatively affect the functioning of the heart, kidneys, joints, and brain. Tonsillitis can harm the entire human body, causing sepsis (general blood poisoning).

Heart complications after tonsillitis most often appear 2-3 weeks after recovery. Patients aged 3 to 40 years are more susceptible to developing heart disease after tonsillitis.

You can understand that pathology is developing by the following symptoms:

• pain and heart murmurs that occur regularly;
• shortness of breath, worsening with physical activity;
• swelling of the hands and feet;
• change in skin color (pallor and cyanosis);
• low performance, excessive sweating, constant weakness;
• increased temperature and increased heart rate.

These are signs of rheumatic changes in the heart. They can lead to rheumatism of the joints. Treatment is necessary to avoid the development of thromboembolism.

Complications after a sore throat on the joints manifest themselves in the form of arthritis in both adults and children. The development of the disease is characterized by the following symptoms:

• joints increase in size, swelling forms in their locations;
• pain not only at the moment of movement, but also in a calm state;
• swelling and redness of the skin over the joints.

The joints most often damaged are the knees and ankles. But small joints located on the hands can also suffer from tonsillitis.

Complications on the kidneys after tonsillitis in the form of glomerulonephritis or pyelonephritis may appear 1-2 weeks after completion of treatment.

Pyelonephritis is a lesion of the renal pelvis. Inflammation can develop in two kidneys.

The person experiences the following symptoms:

• high body temperature;
• pain in the lumbar spine;
• frequent urge to go to the toilet.

With glomerulonephritis, blood pressure increases and blood is present in the urine. Both diseases require treatment in a hospital setting.

The most severe complication of tonsillitis is sepsis, which requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and antiseptic measures.

The pathology is manifested by high temperature, rapid breathing, high blood pressure, shortness of breath, a sharp increase in lymph nodes, and the appearance of ulcers.

Other complications

Local complications from tonsillitis do not pose a danger to the patient, but it is necessary to treat them.

Among the most common complications are abscesses. They arise in the peri-almond tissue.

Abscesses cause a sore throat and fever. Patients experience swelling and tenderness of the lymph nodes.

It also happens that it is difficult for the patient to open his mouth and speak. He tries to tilt his head in the direction where the abscess has formed. The patient is operated on, after which antibacterial measures are carried out.

Another disease that occurs due to tonsillitis is phlegmon. It differs from an abscess in that purulent inflammation spreads through the soft tissues without clear limitation.

Externally, this is expressed by swelling, swelling of the neck, redness of the skin, and pain. With this pathology, the temperature rises and weakness appears.

If phlegmon is at the initial stage of development, then treatment can be conservative. With further progression of the disease, the phlegmon must be opened.

After a sore throat, otitis media may appear. It is caused by pathogenic microorganisms that have penetrated the area of ​​the eardrum or middle ear.

The resulting pus begins to put pressure on the membrane, breaks through it and flows out of the ear. A person’s temperature rises and acute pain occurs in the ear, radiating to the teeth or temple.

The doctor prescribes antibiotic treatment. Sometimes surgery is required.

A sore throat can also lead to other complications, such as swelling of the larynx. This disease is sometimes fatal. The first symptom of the pathology is a change in voice.

The patient tries to cough, but there is no relief. Breathing problems gradually begin: at first it becomes difficult to inhale, and then to exhale.

The patient experiences fear of death. Due to lack of oxygen, skin color changes. Urgent treatment in a hospital is required.

Consequences

In the acute form of tonsillitis, the consequence can be chronic tonsillitis. This happens if the patient does not seek medical help, trying to cope with the pathology on his own.

Rheumatic changes, which are complications of tonsillitis in adults and children, can lead to heart defects and further disability if treatment is not started in time.

You can't bear a sore throat on your legs. With tonsillitis, the consequences can be prevented if you seek medical help in time.

Treatment methods

Any consequences of a sore throat can be avoided if you promptly consult a doctor who will select a competent therapeutic course.

Treatment is carried out at home. Only children under 1 year of age and patients with severe pathology are hospitalized.

Depending on the form of the pathology, antiviral or antibacterial drugs are prescribed.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to relieve pain and lower temperature. The course of treatment lasts from 7 to 10 days.

Often, sick people turn to traditional methods of treatment - gargling with various infusions and decoctions, heating, etc.

You can use similar methods, but to prevent complications after tonsillitis from bothering a person, all procedures must be agreed upon with a doctor.

Sore throat is a rather dangerous disease. It is not always possible to avoid its consequences. In this case, another disease must be treated - one that was a complication of sore throat.

How to treat chronic tonsillitis

Chronic tonsillitis is a consequence that cannot be completely cured.

To avoid life- and health-threatening complications, treatment of tonsillitis is carried out under the supervision of a doctor. The following methods of getting rid of pathology are used:

• drug therapy;
• physical therapy;
• folk recipes;
• surgical intervention.

The doctor, when choosing a treatment method, is based on the form and stage of tonsillitis, and on the individual characteristics of the patient’s body.

Drug therapy includes taking medications: antiviral, antibacterial, antihistamine.

The doctor also prescribes medications that strengthen the immune system. Gargling with antiseptic solutions is prescribed.

Physiotherapeutic procedures are carried out at the remission stage. Various methods are used: electrophoresis, laser therapy, UV irradiation, etc. The doctor chooses procedures depending on what is happening in the patient’s body.

Traditional recipes help reduce inflammatory processes, but are unable to completely cope with them, so they are used only as additional procedures.

Surgical treatment is prescribed when conservative therapy does not help. The operation is also indicated for those patients whose pathology worsens up to 4 times a year.

Surgical intervention is also indispensable in case of developing complications: damage to the kidneys, heart and other organs.

Prevention of complications

It is not so difficult to prevent complications after a sore throat - you need to consult a doctor in time, while the disease is still in the early stages of its development.

It is also necessary to monitor your condition after recovery. At the first symptoms of an illness that may be a complication of a sore throat, you must contact a medical facility for help.

Sore throat refers to infectious diseases that affect the organs of the respiratory system, namely the tonsils. Despite this, having a sore throat can negatively affect the condition of many other organs - the heart, joints and kidneys.

Basically, if the kidneys hurt after a sore throat, this indicates the development of complications. Perhaps the cause was an incorrectly selected treatment, or an illness suffered on the legs. In any case, any complications of angina are very dangerous and can lead to the development of a number of chronic diseases.

This article will talk about what causes complications after a sore throat on the kidneys, what symptoms they are accompanied by and how they can be dangerous.

The causative agents of sore throat are streptococci and, as well as more than 80 strains of viruses. These microorganisms can cause complications on the kidneys after a sore throat. In addition, there are a number of other reasons due to which negative consequences may develop.

These include:

1. Failure to comply with bed rest, neglect of sanitary standards, unbalanced diet.
2. Incorrect treatment of sore throat - advanced disease, incorrectly selected course duration, dosage or group of antibiotics (see) can also cause complications. In this case, the infection that was in the tonsils does not die completely, but circulates throughout the body with the flow of blood and lymph. In such cases, the infection needs time to settle in the new organ, so after a sore throat, the kidneys usually hurt for 7-14 days.
3. About 10 viruses that cause tonsillitis are classified as “rheumatogenic” - the structure of these viruses is very similar to the structure of the tissues of the heart, kidneys and joint membranes. Once they enter the body, the immune defense is activated not only against these viruses, but also against one’s own tissues. As a result, autoimmune processes develop that cause inflammation of the kidneys of various natures.

What diseases cause complications?

The kidneys are paired organs involved in urine formation and excretion. In addition, they have a lot of vital functions, failures of which can cause serious health problems.

The kidneys hurt after a sore throat with the following diseases:

1. Glomerulonephritis is a disease that manifests itself as inflammation of the capillary glomeruli (glomeruli). Most often, after a sore throat, a complication on the kidneys occurs if its causative agent was streptococcus. After a couple of weeks, a headache, increased body temperature and blood pressure appear. Further, due to disturbances in the kidney filtration system, edema, oliguria (decreased amount of urine excreted), proteinuria and gross hematuria develop (urine takes on the color of meat slop). In addition, there are complaints of lower back pain, loss of appetite, weakness and nausea.

Quite often, the clinical picture is mild or only urinary syndrome is present; this condition is called a monosymptomatic variant and makes diagnosis extremely difficult.

Characteristic manifestations of the disease:

• Clear signs indicating the presence of glomerulonephritis are severe edema and arterial hypertension.
• Edema, in most cases, is so pronounced that it leads to the development of anasarca (swelling of the subcutaneous tissue), and in some cases to ascites or hydrothorax.
• Arterial hypertension is manifested by a sharp increase in blood pressure up to 160-180/90-100 mm Hg, with possible symptoms of shortness of breath and an increase in heart size.

1. A complication of the kidneys after a sore throat can cause pyelonephritis– an infectious-inflammatory nonspecific disease that affects the renal parenchyma, renal pelvis and calyces.

The disease manifests itself as high body temperature, chills, which are replaced by heavy sweat, pain in muscles and joints, nausea and vomiting, and headache. In addition, there is pain and muscle tension in the lower back, urination is copious, frequent and painful.

In the kidneys, it is manifested by a characteristic feature - asymmetric kidney damage - either one kidney or both are involved in the pathological process, but the damage to one of them is more pronounced.

Important! If treatment for kidney diseases is not started in time, serious complications may develop - acute renal failure, eclampsia, acute left ventricular heart failure.

Diagnosis of kidney diseases

In addition to the clinical picture, a complication after a sore throat on the kidneys can be determined by a number of diagnostic studies.

These include:

• UAC;
• OAM;
• urine analysis according to Zimnitsky;
• urine analysis according to Nechiporenko;
• Ultrasound;
• Reberg's test;
• plain radiography;
• excretory urography.

If there is difficulty in making a diagnosis and selecting treatment, the use of chromocystography and retrograde pyelography is indicated.

Treatment methods

In order to avoid the development of complications, you need instructions that clearly explain the sequence of actions.

To avoid unwanted consequences you should:

1. Maintain bed rest for at least 5 days, even if you feel like you are feeling better.
2. Take antibiotics only as prescribed by a doctor, follow the duration of the course of treatment and dosage.
3. Drink plenty of fluids to reduce symptoms of intoxication. Herbal teas, black or green tea, juices and fruit drinks, and warm milk are suitable for this.
4. In addition, you can use folk recipes. DIY inhalations and rinses. For rinsing, you can use iodine and soda, chlorophyllipt, miramistin, and herbal decoctions. The price of these products is low, but after using them you are guaranteed to feel better.

If a complication does occur to the kidneys, then adhere to the following treatment regimen:

• Maintaining bed rest;
• Specialized diet;
• Fluid restriction with glomerulonephritis;
• Drinking plenty of fluids during pyelonephritis;
• Antibiotic therapy;
• Antihypertensive drugs;
• Diathermy.

Other medications are prescribed depending on the course of the disease and the severity of clinical symptoms.

Differences and characteristic signs of kidney diseases:

From the photos and videos in this article, we learned about the possible complications that tonsillitis can cause, what symptoms they manifest and how dangerous kidney diseases are, and also looked at some principles of treating these diseases.

It’s raining outside, you’re soaked to the skin, you can barely make it home, squelching your shoes, and the next day the temperature rises to 39 degrees and your throat only hurts a little, but there’s simply no cough. In this case, we can safely say that this sore throat is not viral, but streptococcal - an insidious and unpleasant disease in which the tonsils hurt, and if diagnosed and treated untimely, it can affect the organs of the digestive system, kidneys, and even cause complications in the heart.

There is a rapid test that can diagnose streptococcal sore throat in 10 minutes. It is also possible to take a swab from the oral cavity to clarify the situation, but sometimes the picture of the disease is erased, and then you have to take more detailed tests to find out, for example, a blood test.

Treatment of streptococcal sore throat is possible only with antibiotics, for example, amoxicillin. This type of sore throat is easily relieved with timely treatment. If the duration of the illness has exceeded a week, two, or even more, you should think about complications.

One of these complications is post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. It most often affects men under 40 years of age. In addition, the disease affects preschool children. It is worth noting here that if in children the disease has a violent onset in the form of nausea, lower back pain, and urinary problems, then in adults the picture of the disease is more blurred and more often becomes chronic.

The causative agents of sore throat are staphylococci and streptococci. Penetrating into the human body, they encounter the immune system, which protects all organs.

The immune system begins to produce antibodies designed to destroy antigens of foreign bacteria.

But streptococci and staphylococci in their structure have antigens that are similar to the cells of many human organs: heart, liver, joints, etc.

The immune system cannot always distinguish which antigen is native to the body and which is foreign. When fighting foreign antigens, one of our own is also involved in the process.

Complications after a sore throat, occurring in any form, usually manifest themselves in the form of local changes in the tissues of the nasopharynx - abscesses and cellulitis, swelling of the throat, ear pain, etc.

Although they do not pose a threat to human life, they need to be treated. More dangerous consequences are general ones, affecting the internal organs of a person.

The reasons for the development of complications from sore throat in adults and children are as follows:

• failure to contact a medical facility in a timely manner;
• incorrectly selected therapeutic course;
• abuse of antibacterial drugs;
• treatment only with traditional methods without the use of pharmacological drugs;
• patient's refusal to complete the drug course of treatment.

Sore throat is an inflammatory process that is characterized by a sharp rise in temperature and a white coating on the tonsils. In addition, a person has a very sore and sore throat. At the same time, the patient’s immune system begins to actively produce antibodies to the infection. Antibodies are proteins whose job is to destroy foreign antigens.

But streptococci, the causative agents of sore throat, contain antigens similar to kidney, heart and other tissues of the body. Therefore, when the immune system begins to attack foreign microorganisms, it can accidentally destroy organ tissue. As a result, this leads to complications. The consequences of sore throat are especially severe for children.

Sore throat refers to infectious diseases that affect the organs of the respiratory system, namely the tonsils. Despite this, having a sore throat can negatively affect the condition of many other organs - the heart, joints and kidneys.

Basically, if the kidneys hurt after a sore throat, this indicates the development of complications. Perhaps the cause was an incorrectly selected treatment, or an illness suffered on the legs. In any case, any complications of angina are very dangerous and can lead to the development of a number of chronic diseases.

The causative agents of sore throat are streptococci and staphylococci, as well as more than 80 strains of viruses. These microorganisms can cause complications on the kidneys after a sore throat. In addition, there are a number of other reasons due to which negative consequences may develop.

1. Failure to comply with bed rest, neglect of sanitary standards, unbalanced diet.
2. Incorrect treatment of sore throat - advanced disease, incorrectly selected course duration, dosage or group of antibiotics (see Which antibiotics to choose for sore throat) can also cause complications. In this case, the infection that was in the tonsils does not die completely, but circulates throughout the body with the flow of blood and lymph. In such cases, the infection needs time to settle in the new organ, so after a sore throat, the kidneys usually hurt for 7-14 days.
3. About 10 viruses that cause tonsillitis are classified as “rheumatogenic” - the structure of these viruses is very similar to the structure of the tissues of the heart, kidneys and joint membranes. Once they enter the body, the immune defense is activated not only against these viruses, but also against one’s own tissues. As a result, autoimmune processes develop that cause inflammation of the kidneys of various natures.

This article will talk about what causes complications after a sore throat on the kidneys, what symptoms they are accompanied by and how they can be dangerous.

Any complications that occur with tonsillitis can cause the development of chronic diseases. Complications on the kidneys after a sore throat can occur for several reasons:

• lack of proper treatment;
• incorrect diagnosis;
• failure to comply with doctor's instructions;
• presence in the person’s medical history of chronic diseases of the genitourinary system.

Those at risk for developing complications are people with reduced immunity, children, as well as those who lead an unhealthy lifestyle, abuse alcohol, and do not watch their diet. The child’s body is in the stage of growth and development and is not always able to resist pathogenic bacteria, so the risks of complications after a sore throat are quite high. Competent treatment under the supervision of a doctor will significantly reduce the possible consequences of the disease.

Normally, the human kidneys perform a kind of “laboratory” function for the body. They remove toxins and harmful substances. When their work is disrupted, toxins begin to accumulate in the body, causing symptoms of intoxication. If kidney function is impaired, the recovery period will take much longer. Complications of sore throat often appear when the patient refuses to treat the disease with antibiotics, prefers traditional medicine, or completely ignores the symptoms of the disease.

The causative agents of sore throat (streptococci, staphylococci) contain antigens that are similar to kidney and cardiac tissues. During the development of angina, human immune antibodies begin to resist infection and destroy foreign antigens, affecting those contained in the kidney tissues. As a result, the kidneys cannot cope with their functions, which increases the risk of complications.

Pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis after tonsillitis

During the course of a sore throat, the protective functions of the human body are significantly reduced. The damage to the tonsils that occurs with angina negatively affects the general state of the immune system, so infections that cause inflammation can easily migrate throughout the body.

The main cause of kidney problems after a sore throat is the consequences of its treatment. A course of antibiotics, without which it is impossible to destroy the source of the disease, provokes the body to produce special antibodies, which then fight the disease.

By neutralizing bacteria and viruses, the antibodies produced are beneficial. But as they spread throughout the body, they also cause harm to it: their interaction with kidney tissue leads to the appearance of protein formations. The latter cause a malfunction in the normal functioning of the kidneys.

Also read: Treatment and prevention of purulent tonsillitis, advice from an ENT doctor!

During a sore throat, foreign infectious agents enter the human body and come into conflict with the human immune system. And as you know, our immunity rarely withstands such attacks, since it is weakened and does not protect us enough. This is due to many factors, from the environmental situation to the lifestyle led by modern inhabitants of the planet.

During an attack by infectious agents, the body begins to produce antibodies - proteins designed to destroy the infection. But streptococcus, which is the causative agent of sore throat, has already learned to produce an antigen similar to that produced by the heart muscle, joints, kidney tissue or other important system of our body.

Pain symptoms and signs vary and can occur in the mornings, evenings or throughout the working day. Unpleasant sensations appear even when a person changes position (from horizontal to vertical).

A painful symptom in the morning with urolithiasis occurs due to the fact that the stone begins to move when the body position changes. The severity of pain significantly depends on the size of the stone: the larger it is, the stronger the pain in the lower back.

Against the background of renal colic, pain syndrome occurs not only in the morning, but can also be detected throughout the day. A painful attack occurs when the urinary tract is blocked by a stone. To ease the pain syndrome, you need to drink cranberry tea, eat lingonberries and watermelons. Smoked foods, dairy drinks, salt and spicy foods provoke exacerbation of kidney diseases. If you eliminate them, you can get rid of morning pain.

Complications after tonsillitis on the kidneys are caused by the action of toxins produced by pathogens of tonsillitis. Streptococcus is the most dangerous in this regard. Its toxins both directly affect the kidneys even during illness, and after the end of the sore throat, they cause an autoimmune response of the body, causing the incurability of glomerulonephritis.

Microphotograph of an accumulation of hemolytic streptococcus - the main causative agent of sore throat and its complications.

Due to direct damage, the kidneys sometimes hurt even with a sore throat, and both kidneys, or only the right or left kidney, can hurt. The more active the infection and the worse the patient feels, the more toxins enter the bloodstream, spread throughout the body and reach the kidneys. They directly affect the cells and tissues of the kidneys, causing various lesions. Because of them, pain and disturbances in the functioning of the kidneys may develop.

However, this action is less dangerous because when taking effective antibiotics, the infection is quickly suppressed, the amount of toxins in the blood is sharply reduced and the effect on the kidneys stops.

Long-term complications are much more dangerous, usually developing 2-3 weeks after the end of a sore throat, and in some cases - after several months or even years if the sore throat has not been successfully treated. Their development is based on an autoimmune mechanism. The immune system in humans works in such a way that, as a result of the introduction of foreign proteins (antigens) into the body, the production of antibodies begins - its own proteins, the task of which is to destroy bacterial antigens, not only toxins, but also the proteins that make up the bacterial cell membrane.

Streptococcus antigens are similar to those in the tissues of the kidneys, heart and joints. As a result, the resulting antibodies do not distinguish between streptococcal antigens and the body’s own proteins, which are similar in structure, and therefore attack both bacterial cells and cells in the tissues of the kidneys, heart and joints with equal activity.

In many cases, after the development of such an autoimmune mechanism and after the infection has been completely eliminated from the body, the immune system continues to attack its own tissues. This is how autoimmune diseases develop, including pyelonephritis. Their main danger is that they are incurable and require constant therapy throughout the patient’s life.

A prototype of a portable artificial kidney device, with which patients suffering from severe renal failure after glomerulonephritis have to live.

It is important to understand that such incurable complications develop no earlier than the 9th day of sore throat. Even if the kidneys hurt with the sore throat itself, but taking effective antibiotics that suppress the infection begins earlier than 9 days, the infection is suppressed and incurable complications do not develop in the patient.

Causes of complications with angina

The main reason for the development of sore throat is an infection that has entered the body in the form of bacterial flora or viruses. The disease is accompanied by characteristic symptoms such as general weakness, headache, runny nose, sore throat, cough and fever.

A common cold manifests itself in a similar way, but with a sore throat the temperature rises quite sharply and to high levels.

The main factors in the development of follicular tonsillitis or tonsillitis are:

• penetration of infections;
• weak immune system of the body;
• poor resistance to cold.

Antibiotics in the treatment of sore throat will be completely useless if the cause of its development is a virus. In this case, only symptomatic and antiviral treatment is relevant.

Complications after a sore throat are an autoimmune response of the body. When a viral or bacterial infection penetrates into it, the process of producing special antibodies begins that can cope with foreign agents. But their structure contains those that have significant similarity with antigens of joints, kidneys, heart muscle, liver and other organs.

As a result of erroneous influence on the systems of one’s own body, the development of all kinds of complications begins.

In general, factors contributing to the development of complications with angina are:

1. Refusal to take antibiotics when ill;
2. Antibiotic therapy started too late;
3. Taking ineffective antibiotics and refusing to replace them;
4. Interruption of the course of antibiotic therapy, when the patient stops taking medications after his own condition has normalized, but before the entire infection is eliminated. Even individual streptococcal cells that persist in tissues and do not cause symptoms of the disease will form an immune response, which will lead to complications in the future.

Sumamed is a drug based on the antibiotic azithromycin, used on a 3- and 5-day dosage regimen. Practice shows that when taken for 3 days, it often does not completely eliminate the infection, which is why complications develop.

Also, the likelihood of developing complications is influenced by the immune status of the body, but a clear connection between the strength of the immune system and the frequency of complications has not been established. There is a reasonable hypothesis that the stronger the immune system, the greater the likelihood of complications, since such a strong immune system forms antibodies to streptococcal antigens more quickly and efficiently. In such conditions, the autoimmune response develops faster and more reliably than in a person with a weak immune system.

Types of kidney complications after tonsillitis

In general, complications can be divided into 2 groups:

• Are common. Their essence is that as a result of the disease, a number of reactions are triggered on the part of the body, which entail damage to organ tissue.
• Local. Represent pinpoint lesions. They do not pose a threat to humans, but require proper treatment under the supervision of a qualified physician.

Kidney complications belong to the general group. As a result of a sore throat, diseases such as pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis can develop. Their main danger is that the main function of the kidneys is to eliminate toxins. Disruption of the diuretic system will lead to the accumulation of harmful substances in the body. As a result, recovery will be more difficult.

Pyelonephritis

This disease is an inflammatory process that develops in the kidneys. Pyelonephritis occurs in acute and chronic forms. Symptoms include a sharp increase in temperature, up to 40 degrees, weakness and chills. Quite often I have headaches and lower back pain. If treatment is not started in a timely manner, the disease becomes chronic.

To make a diagnosis of pyelonephritis, you need to contact a urologist. Only he is able to distinguish this disease from similar ones. Diagnosis requires laboratory tests of urine and blood, ultrasound of the kidneys and, if necessary, x-rays. If you consult a doctor in a timely manner, pyelonephritis can be successfully treated with medications.

Treatment of Glomeluronephritis

Glomeluronephritis is an infectious inflammation of the kidneys. There are two forms of the disease: acute and chronic. Moreover, the latter is not necessarily a consequence of the first. Thus, chronic glomeluronephritis can be an independent, primary disease. The causes of the disease are past infections, including tonsillitis. In addition, vaccines, food and medicine can trigger the disease.

The main symptoms of glomerulonephritis include swelling, fever, headache and blood in the urine. Patients also often experience pain in the area around the kidneys. The main danger of glomeluronephritis is that sometimes it occurs in a latent form. In this case, there are practically no symptoms and the disease is detected only by chance; when diagnosed for other reasons, advanced glomeluronephritis progresses to renal failure.

Treatment of this disease should be carried out under the supervision of a nephrologist. In the acute phase, hospitalization is required. Treatment consists of a strict diet and medications. Also, people with this diagnosis are prohibited from long-term business trips and contact with toxic substances. Prevention consists of timely treatment of infectious diseases that lead to complications in the form of glomeluronephritis.

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis

The mechanism of development of kidney complications

The main and most reliable way to prevent the development of complications of tonsillitis on the kidneys is to carry out intensive antibiotic therapy for the disease with effective drugs. In most cases, inexpensive and relatively safe antibiotics of the penicillin (ampicillin, amoxicillin) and macrolide (erythromycin, azithromycin, josamycin) series are suitable for this.

If you consult a doctor in a timely manner for a sore throat, it is enough to take antibiotics in tablets or capsules - they are no less (and sometimes even more) effective.

It is important to start antibiotic therapy as early as possible, immediately after the symptoms of a sore throat appear, without waiting for the right, left or both kidneys to hurt or other complications to appear. In this case, it is possible to replace the antibiotic if it turns out to be ineffective. In addition, early use of antibacterial agents shortens the duration of the disease and contributes to the rapid normalization of the patient’s condition.

Finally, an antibiotic for a sore throat should be taken for as long as indicated by the doctor. It is unacceptable to stop taking it immediately after the condition has normalized, if the prescribed period of use has not yet been completed.

In some cases, long-term prevention of complications of angina is carried out with bicillins. In many situations, it is required when any of the previous rules are violated and increases the risk of complications. Such bicillin prophylaxis is sometimes carried out for several weeks, months and even years on an outpatient basis.

Sore throat in children and its complications

Complications of angina in children can manifest themselves in the form of a retropharyngeal abscess, which is characterized by the development of pustular formations in the back of the pharynx and spine. This is where the lymph nodes are located in children.

6 years after birth, the lymph nodes disappear, and therefore complications of this kind cannot appear in an adult. But in children, this disease negatively affects the respiratory process, which can result in suffocation. To prevent such an outcome, surgical intervention by a surgeon will be required, who during the operation will open a purulent abscess located in the larynx.

Pregnancy

During pregnancy, you need to take into account the increased pressure of the fetus on the bladder and urinary system. Due to compression of the kidney area by the enlarged uterus, stagnant changes occur. Against the background of impaired blood supply, the risk of bacterial infections – glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis – increases.

When deciding what to do during pregnancy, the gynecologist must find out the causes of the disease. You need to understand that swelling under the eyes and varicose veins of the lower extremities when carrying a child can lead to toxicosis and the threat of miscarriage.

In any case, pain in the kidney area during pregnancy must be treated in the initial stages, since with advanced pathology it is often difficult to save the life of not only the fetus, but also the woman. In general, pay close attention to the symptoms of kidney disease described above. If you have at least one of the signs, consult a doctor immediately.

What to do

What to do for pain in the kidneys can be decided only after receiving the results of laboratory tests. Let's look at the basic principles of how doctors determine treatments for kidney disease.

Only after receiving the results of these clinical and laboratory methods can the doctor determine with a high degree of certainty why the kidneys hurt.

You should not self-medicate or use traditional methods to treat pain in the lumbar region until the cause of the disease is determined.

Signs of complications

According to medical observations, kidney damage after tonsillitis ranks second after the heart. Complications can be recognized by severe symptoms, which may appear 1-4 weeks after tonsillitis:

• discomfort, pain in the lumbar region, lower abdomen;
• increased body temperature;
• problems with urination;
• urine becomes cloudy;
• blood in the urine;
• increased blood pressure;
• swelling of the limbs;
• deterioration in general health;
• signs of intoxication.

The symptoms that appear should be a reason for immediate contact with a urologist or nephrologist. Self-medication for such symptoms is unacceptable.

An increase in temperature to 40 degrees is not a specific symptom of kidney disease, but indicates an infectious lesion (pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis).

It is important to identify the disease in the initial stages in order to promptly treat the disease.

Symptoms of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

It is worth noting that the first symptoms of this disease are unremarkable and are characteristic of absolutely any inflammatory process that can occur in the body. Among them: chills, general weakness, fever, nausea. The appearance of edema should alert you. They are one of the main symptoms of glomerulonephritis.

Hematuria is another main symptom of glomerulonephritis. The urine turns dark brown or even black. As for blood tests, there is a high proportion of leukocytes (as with any inflammatory process) and an acceleration of ESR.

Symptoms of the disease include increased blood pressure (in adults in 60-70% of cases), which lasts for several weeks, and in preschool children - damage to the cardiovascular and central nervous systems (in 80-85%).

Complications in the acute form of glomerulonephritis are, unfortunately, not uncommon. For example, acute left ventricular failure. It occurs most often in adults and elderly patients due to the fact that cardiovascular pathologies are already common at this age. Its symptoms: shortness of breath, wheezing, cardiac asthma, pulmonary edema.

Unfortunately, there are also more dangerous conditions, for example, renal eclampsia, when the patient is bothered by an unbearable headache, a noticeable speech impairment, and the worst thing is clonic and then tonic convulsions. Epileptic seizures are possible: the patient does not react to light, the pupils are dilated, and in this condition there is a violation of the tongue bite.

The two main complications of tonsillitis on the kidneys manifest themselves with different symptoms and clinical pictures.

Pyelonephritis is an inflammatory disease of an infectious nature, which affects the renal pelvis, parenchyma and calyces.

The disease may affect one kidney, sometimes both. The first signs of the disease can be observed 2-4 weeks after a sore throat. In this case, the following are observed:

1. Pain in the lumbar region and increased muscle tone on the affected side;
2. Increase in body temperature to high values ​​- 39-40°C;
3. Chills followed by profuse sweating;
4. Muscle and joint pain;
5. Painful, frequent and copious urination.

At the first such symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to seek medical help, undergo an examination and begin treatment on time. The sooner therapy is started, the greater the chance of cure and prevention of irreversible consequences.

With glomerulonephritis, as a result of damage to the capillary glomeruli, the filtration process in the renal system is disrupted. This leads to a deterioration in the general condition, the development of edema, a decrease in the amount of urine excreted, and the appearance in it of a large amount of protein and red blood cells (blood). In the last stages of the disease, urine has a characteristic rusty tint, the color of “meat slop.” These symptoms are accompanied by complaints of nagging pain in the lumbar region, general weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, and sometimes vomiting.

Often the disease begins with few symptoms, which makes diagnosis difficult. In the initial stages, sometimes only increased urination is present. Then more clear signs of glomerulonephritis develop:

1. Weakness, headache;
2. Severe swelling of the limbs and the whole body, up to anasarca, sometimes with the development of ascites and exudative pleurisy (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal and pleural cavities);
3. Development of arterial hypertension;
4. The appearance of shortness of breath, an increase in heart size;
5. Weight loss;
6. Development of heart failure.

Swelling, characteristic of complications with angina.

At the final stages of the disease, chronic renal failure and uremia occur. The patient often smells ammonia from his mouth. Kidney failure is fatal and requires urgent hospitalization of the patient, sometimes placing him in intensive care.

Children are also susceptible to complications after a sore throat. The symptoms are similar in many ways, but in children the symptoms of the disease are much stronger than in adults. Moreover, the smaller the child, the more pronounced the following symptoms and clinical manifestations of intoxication are:

1. Febrile body temperature, up to seizures;
2. Vomiting, regurgitation;
3. Pale skin, cyanosis of the face or nasolabial triangle;
4. Refusal to eat;
5. A sharp decrease in body weight;
6. Stool disorders;
7. Symptoms of dehydration, sagging skin.

Due to the fact that these symptoms are similar to those of poisoning or intestinal infection, professional diagnosis is required to reliably determine the disease.

Diagnosis of kidney diseases

When diagnosing, first of all, a thorough examination of the patient, collection of complaints and anamnesis are carried out. The very presence of a sore throat in the previous period is one of the reasons to suspect kidney damage as a complication of this disease.

A number of laboratory and instrumental studies are also carried out, which include:

• General blood and urine tests;
• Urinalysis using the Nechiporenko method;
• Ultrasound examination of the kidneys;
• Rehberg's test;
• X-ray of the chest organs;
• Excretory urography.

Photo of an x-ray taken to diagnose glomerulonephritis.

An additional indication of the development of complications of tonsillitis on the kidneys is the symptoms of other complications of this disease: acute rheumatic fever, chronic tonsillitis, abscess. If a doctor sees that a patient has developed one of the complications of a sore throat, he has reason to believe that the characteristic kidney symptoms also indicate typical complications of a sore throat.

In addition to the clinical picture, a complication after a sore throat on the kidneys can be determined by a number of diagnostic studies.

If there is difficulty in making a diagnosis and selecting treatment, the use of chromocystography and retrograde pyelography is indicated.

If you suspect complications of angina affecting kidney tissue, you should consult a specialist in the field of nephrology. The doctor, after listening to the patient’s complaints, will prescribe a number of examinations:

• clinical blood test;
• general urine analysis;
• radiography;
• Ultrasound of the kidneys.

The results of instrumental and laboratory diagnostics will help to create a complete picture of the disease, make the correct diagnosis, and select the necessary therapy.

As a rule, the first symptoms of pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis appear no less than 2-3 weeks after the final stage of tonsillitis and are manifested by a lot of symptoms. But the main sign is, of course, the test results.

When and what tests should I take to detect the disease in time? The first signs of glomerulonephritis appear in the urine 10-14 days after the end of a sore throat, pyelonephritis is detected a little later. The only test that needs to be taken to determine the risk of consequences for the kidneys is a urine test, which is prescribed between the second and third weeks after the end of the sore throat. If the unfavorable prognosis is confirmed, this is followed by a doctor’s examination and repeated tests.

Other symptoms common to pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis are:

1. Increased body temperature;
2. Weakness and dizziness;
3. Headache due to intoxication of the body;
4. High blood pressure;
5. Severe lower back pain;
6. In cases of serious exacerbations, swelling in the lumbar region is also observed;
7. Frequent painful urination;
8. Change in urine color to deep red-yellow, reddish, or the presence of bloody inclusions in the urine.

Success in the treatment of any of these diseases depends mainly on their timely detection, which is facilitated by a good knowledge of their symptoms.

Treatment methods

This will require the help of antibiotics of the first group (penicillin or amoxicillin), restriction of salt and fluid intake, as well as diet. And if your blood pressure rises, you need to systematically take hawthorn tincture, which you can buy at any nearest pharmacy. If the consequences are serious, for example, preeclampsia, which includes tonic or clonic convulsions, hospitalization is inevitable.

As for traditional methods of treatment, a mixture of yarrow, St. John's wort, chamomile or a tasty mixture of dried fruits (prunes, walnuts, figs), seasoned with lemon juice and seasoned with honey, may well be suitable.

But if the disease is already chronic, herbs and mixtures are unlikely to help. Such patients can only maintain their condition with the help of diets and a lack of stress so that the disease does not progress to an acute form.

To improve immunity in general after an acute illness, you can recommend an infusion of rose hips or echinacea, berries or fruit drinks from berries (currants, lingonberries). It is necessary to register with a nephrologist for at least a couple of years. Subsequently, sanatorium-resort treatment should be organized for such patients in hospitals that have balneological procedures and specialize in physiotherapeutic methods of treating urological diseases, as well as mud therapy.

In the end, it is worth recalling that it is better to prevent a disease such as streptococcal tonsillitis than to treat for years the kidney complications that it gives, for example, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, the symptoms and forms of which were discussed just above.

Any consequences of a sore throat can be avoided if you promptly consult a doctor who will select a competent therapeutic course.

Treatment is carried out at home. Only children under 1 year of age and patients with severe pathology are hospitalized.

Depending on the form of the pathology, antiviral or antibacterial drugs are prescribed.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to relieve pain and lower temperature. The course of treatment lasts from 7 to 10 days.

Often, sick people turn to traditional methods of treatment - gargling with various infusions and decoctions, heating, etc.

You can use similar methods, but to prevent complications after tonsillitis from bothering a person, all procedures must be agreed upon with a doctor.

Sore throat is a rather dangerous disease. It is not always possible to avoid its consequences. In this case, another disease must be treated - one that was a complication of sore throat.

Chronic tonsillitis is a consequence of acute tonsillitis, which could not be completely cured.

To avoid life- and health-threatening complications, treatment of tonsillitis is carried out under the supervision of a doctor. The following methods of getting rid of pathology are used:

• drug therapy;
• physical therapy;
• folk recipes;
• surgical intervention.

The doctor, when choosing a treatment method, is based on the form and stage of tonsillitis, and on the individual characteristics of the patient’s body.

Drug therapy includes taking medications: antiviral, antibacterial, antihistamine.

The doctor also prescribes medications that strengthen the immune system. Gargling with antiseptic solutions is prescribed.

Physiotherapeutic procedures are carried out at the remission stage. Various methods are used: electrophoresis, laser therapy, UV irradiation, etc. The doctor chooses procedures depending on what is happening in the patient’s body.

Traditional recipes help reduce inflammatory processes, but are unable to completely cope with them, so they are used only as additional procedures.

Surgical treatment is prescribed when conservative therapy does not help. The operation is also indicated for those patients whose pathology worsens up to 4 times a year.

Surgical intervention is also indispensable in case of developing complications: damage to the kidneys, heart and other organs.

Therapy for pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis is prescribed by the attending physician. In the vast majority of cases, patients are treated in hospitals. Glomerulonephritis requires mandatory treatment in a clinic; outpatient therapy is possible only with a sluggish chronic course.

During therapy, the following principles must be followed:

• Strictly observe bed rest;
• Adhere to a low-calorie diet with a limited amount of protein (table No. 7 according to Pevzner);
• Limit the amount of fluid consumed during glomerulonephritis, and vice versa, drink as much as possible during pyelonephritis;
• Take antibacterial agents prescribed by your doctor;
• Take medications that reduce intoxication, including detoxification solutions for intravenous infusion.

In general, symptomatic therapy is prescribed according to indications, and may include antispasmodics (no-spa, papaverine), anti-inflammatory drugs (paracetamol, nimesil), and blood pressure lowering agents.

From the group of antibacterial agents, cephalosporins (ceftriaxone), drugs from the macrolide group (erythromycin, azithromycin), nitrofurans (furadonin), nalidixic acid derivatives (5-NOC) and others are used. In acute glomerulonephritis, penicillins are mainly prescribed, avoiding the use of nephrotoxic drugs (nitrofurans and aminoglycosides are excluded).

The use of heavy antibacterial drugs for glomerulonephritis can worsen the disease due to side effects on the kidneys.

When acute heart failure develops, pathogenetic therapy is used, and when edema appears, diuretics are used. In some cases, hemodialysis (artificial kidney machine) is indicated.

In order to avoid the development of complications, you need instructions that clearly explain the sequence of actions.

To avoid unwanted consequences you should:

1. Maintain bed rest for at least 5 days, even if you feel like you are feeling better.
2. Take antibiotics only as prescribed by a doctor, follow the duration of the course of treatment and dosage.
3. Drink plenty of fluids to reduce symptoms of intoxication. Herbal teas, black or green tea, juices and fruit drinks, and warm milk are suitable for this.
4. In addition, you can use folk recipes. DIY inhalations and rinses. For rinsing, you can use iodine and soda, hydrogen peroxide, chlorophyllipt, miramistin, and herbal decoctions. The price of these products is low, but after using them you are guaranteed to feel better.

If a complication does occur to the kidneys, then adhere to the following treatment regimen:

• Maintaining bed rest;
• Specialized diet;
• Fluid restriction with glomerulonephritis;
• Drinking plenty of fluids during pyelonephritis;
• Antibiotic therapy;
• Antihypertensive drugs;
• Diathermy.

Other medications are prescribed depending on the course of the disease and the severity of clinical symptoms.

From the photos and videos in this article, we learned about the possible complications that tonsillitis can cause, what symptoms they manifest and how dangerous kidney diseases are, and also looked at some principles of treating these diseases.

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An infectious disease suffered without qualified medical care, accompanied by inflammatory damage to the tonsils (tonsillitis), can have a serious impact on various systems and organs of the patient. In medical practice, complications of the kidneys with angina are often encountered, which is due to the huge amount of antibodies that are in the patient’s blood.

This increases the load on the kidneys, and if left untreated, can lead to infection of the kidneys with streptococci - causing post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Bacteria are often carried through the bloodstream into the prostate, causing inflammation there, sometimes even leading to oligospermia. Read what oligospermia is in the “Andrology” section of our website.

In medical practice, cases are often described when, with angina, significant kidney damage is noted by streptococci. Regardless of the severity of the patient's angina, microhematuria and albuminuria occur in almost 50% of patients. It is noteworthy that such results of urine tests are determined precisely in the process of an infectious disease of the palatine tonsils, when it is too early to say that a sore throat has caused a complication on the kidneys.

Even after 2 weeks after a sore throat, tests show impaired kidney function and determine the presence of formed elements in the urine.

There is no precise data in the medical literature on the relationship between the occurrence of nephritis or pyelonephritis and previous tonsillitis. The patient complains to the doctor even with obvious signs of kidney disease. There is information that in 80% of cases the cause of nephritis was either an exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis or a sore throat. Many doctors indicate that complications of the kidneys with angina become the main ones in the genesis of acute nephritis.

A condition where a sore throat has complicated the kidneys is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• attacks of chills and fever, but without painful sensations in the throat;
• lower back pain.

With such symptoms, the patient must consult a doctor as soon as possible to receive treatment for complications of tonsillitis on the kidneys. The prospects are bleak, including kidney failure.

In order not to wait for possible symptoms of kidney complications after a sore throat, it is recommended to take a preventive course:

• Pour 1 tablespoon of bearberry (bear ears) with 1 cup of boiling water;
• insist, strain;
• consume 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day for 2 weeks.

Antibacterial drugs of the penicillin series

What antibiotics should you take for a sore throat? It is important to remember that the course of treatment is prescribed by the attending physician; only he can prescribe the antibiotic that the patient needs. A huge number of antibacterial drugs are now being produced, but not all of them may be suitable for treatment. In addition, you cannot start treatment with a potent drug such as fluoroquinols or cephalosporins, as it can cause severe addiction to the patient’s body and become useless for the effective treatment of an insidious disease.

In addition, complications may occur after antibiotics, especially in children. Antibacterial drugs used for various forms of the disease can be divided into groups. At the beginning of treatment, therapists give preference to antibiotics belonging to the penicillin series, which have less toxicity and act with equal force on both streptococci and staphylococci.

Antibacterial drugs for tonsillitis will give a pronounced therapeutic effect only if they are taken in a certain dosage.

If all these rules are followed in practice, then the treatment of tonsillitis will not only be effective, but will also not lead to unpleasant consequences after antibiotics.

Signs of complications

The former are considered less dangerous. But both of them can provoke the development of a number of diseases.

Heart

In the vast majority of cases, complications occur after a sore throat on the heart. Usually it is expressed in a disease such as rheumatism of the heart.

This is explained by the fact that antibodies created to fight the original causative agent of the disease begin to influence other cells when the main problem is solved. Because of this, rheumatism develops - a process accompanied by the involvement of the heart valves and the development of a number of defects in the functioning of this organ.

Most often, cardiac rheumatism begins to develop against the background of complicated chronic tonsillitis. Its peculiarity is that the problem can also manifest itself in the case of primary tonsillitis.

Complications on the heart include the development of myocarditis, which is expressed by disturbed heart rhythm and the appearance of pain in this area.

The problem does not appear immediately, but after two weeks after recovery from the main illness. Its main reason is a violation of the regimen and treatment prescribed by the doctor.

Another vulnerable area is the kidneys. As complications, pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis may develop. They appear, as in the case of the heart, not immediately, but after 7–10 days after the initial disease.

Pyelonephritis is commonly understood as problems with the renal pelvis. Often they affect only one kidney, but there are also bilateral variants.

Characteristic signs of pyelonephritis are as follows:

• fever;
• the appearance of frequent urge to urinate;
• a sharp and severe increase in body temperature;
• the appearance of pain in the lumbar region.

If there is swelling, high blood pressure, and the appearance of blood in the urine, this indicates the development of glomerulonephritis.

Both ailments are quite serious, so they are treated in a hospital setting - this will reduce the likelihood of their transition to the chronic stage.

In rare cases, a complication of tonsillitis turns out to be renal failure.

Joints

The consequences of acute tonsillitis often manifest themselves in human joints, in the development of rheumatism and arthritis. Their signs are as follows:

• the appearance of pain during movement and at rest;
• obvious swelling in the joint area;
• swelling of the skin and hyperemia in the joints.

The lower limbs are primarily affected, but rheumatic manifestations can also affect other categories of joints, including the joints of the hands.

Against the background of such complications, there is an increase in body temperature and headaches, general weakness and chills. But a characteristic symptom is joint pain, especially when moving.

With proper and timely treatment, these symptoms quickly recede. In such cases, a course of physiotherapy and special medications are required.

Complications on the ears

First of all, complications of angina affect those organs and systems that are in close proximity to the throat, which is affected by the inflammatory process. Most often, purulent formations begin to appear in the area of ​​the tonsils - paratonsillitis.

With early cessation of treatment and violation of the established regimen, the risk of developing otitis due to suppuration significantly increases. Most often, this problem appears as a result of catarrhal tonsillitis.

Due to the inflammatory process, hearing deteriorates. This is explained by the fact that the passage of sound waves in edematous tissues is difficult. Purulent or bacterial otitis may develop when inflammatory foci move to the area of ​​the eardrum.

As a treatment, medications are selected that are aimed at getting rid of the main symptoms - fever, pain, inflammation. If necessary, a course of physiotherapy is selected.

The ear needs special attention. This is a sensitive area, and problems with it can cause serious hearing problems. In the most difficult cases, the bacterial infection turns out to be in the internal part of the organ - such conditions are especially difficult to treat.

Without timely treatment, there is a risk of serious problems such as sepsis or meningitis.

General complications after illness

These are only the most common diseases, but not a complete list of possible problems and consequences.

Against the background of follicular tonsillitis, an abscess of tissue in the peri-almond area and phlegmon (purulent diffuse inflammation) often develop.

Unlike phlegmon, an abscess has clear boundaries. The clinical manifestations of these conditions are similar and are expressed in the following signs:

• swollen lymph nodes;
• sore throat;
• heat.

They are treated surgically. This is necessary to remove pus from the affected area.

Both diseases are dangerous due to swelling and the development of bleeding in the tonsil area. Requires hospital treatment.

In exceptional cases, a complication in the form of inflammation of the appendix is ​​possible. But in practice it almost never occurs.

The main and most effective preventive measure for the development of complications with angina is an earlier visit to a specialist and strict adherence to his recommendations, including the prescribed regimen.

To prevent new problems or minimize them, you must:

• Adhere to bed rest during fever until the temperature normalizes.
• Avoid self-medication.
• Do not neglect local treatment - gargling, using antiseptic aerosols and others are effective.
• In case of obvious deterioration of the patient’s condition or the appearance of new symptoms, immediately contact a specialist.
• Lubricate sore tonsils.
• Strictly follow the doctor's prescriptions, be treated with antibiotics, if they were prescribed, or antiviral agents.
• Drink plenty of warm liquids (not cold, not hot).
• During the recovery period, avoid hypothermia and minimize physical activity.
• Take good care of your body over the next two months after your sore throat is cured.

It is necessary to take care of the body, even when the disease recedes. Many serious complications appear only after several weeks, and violation of the regime will only aggravate them.

Both local and general complications of angina are possible. In particular, local complications of catarrhal tonsillitis such as inflammation of regional (cervical) lymph nodes with the development of lymphadenitis are observed. Often, inflammation affects the mucous membrane of the entire larynx - leading to a generalized infection of the pharynx, and ENT doctors diagnose acute catarrhal laryngitis. Bacterial tonsillitis causes complications in the ears - in the form of otitis media. Most often, such complications occur after tonsillitis in children.

There may also be complications in the eyes, which are manifested by catarrhal inflammation of the eye mucosa - conjunctivitis (with redness, pain, sensation of a foreign body in the eyes and their increased sensitivity to light). Local complications of staphylococcal tonsillitis include inflammation of the middle ear or the mucous membrane of the eyelid margins (blepharitis).

Complications of purulent tonsillitis - complications of follicular tonsillitis, as well as

complications of lacunar angina - swelling of the throat, accompanied by difficulty breathing, increased heart rate, cyanosis of the skin, obstructive sleep apnea. Read more - Follicular and lacunar tonsillitis

When the infection spreads to the mucous membrane and underlying tissues of the area surrounding the tonsil, a peritonsillar abscess develops - a local complication of staphylococcal tonsillitis - phlegmous and the follicular and lacunar ones that precede it. The formation of an abscess is accompanied by fever and chills, increasing sore throat, difficulty swallowing, general loss of strength and headache.

Peritonsillar abscess, in turn, can have negative consequences: phlegmon of the floor of the mouth (Ludwig's tonsillitis); development of a retropharyngeal abscess; formation of a blood clot and inflammation of the vessels of the cavernous sinus of the dura mater of the brain; endothelial damage and damage to the vascular wall of the parapharyngeal region with diapedetic bleeding; aspiration pneumonitis; airway obstruction.

Among the general negative consequences of bacterial tonsillitis, complications on the kidneys, heart, leg joints and rheumatism are most often identified.

15-25 days after the onset of the disease, nephrological complications of staphylococcal tonsillitis, as well as tonsillitis caused by hemolytic pyogenic streptococcus, can make themselves felt - in the form of severe inflammation of the filtering cells of the kidneys - glomerulonephritis. For more information, see - Symptoms of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

Experts no longer doubt that heart complications after tonsillitis arise due to an abnormal response of one’s own immunity to β-hemolytic streptococci. The result of the body's autoimmune response is acute rheumatic fever (ARF). Every year, according to the Global Burden of Disease Study (WHO), ARF is diagnosed in 325 thousand people.

The development of ARF occurs approximately two to three weeks after infection with S. pyogenes and the onset of streptococcal sore throat or pharyngitis. In this case, rheumatism with swelling and pain in the joints of the extremities is noted - polyarthritis or migratory polyarthritis, that is, complications in the joints of the legs (especially the knees).

Painless granulomatous bodies of Aschoff (Aschoff bodies) - foci of inflammation of interstitial tissues at the stage of fibrosis - can appear anywhere, including in the membranes of the heart. Because of these nodes, three to four months after the illness, complications appear in the heart after a sore throat: myocarditis (inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart), endocarditis (inflammatory process in the tissues of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves), and less commonly, pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardial sac).

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis

• Bed rest. You need to stick to it for at least 7 days, even if the patient feels well and there are practically no symptoms left.
• Drinking large amounts of liquid. While drinking, the human body is cleansed of harmful substances and toxins. This promotes rapid recovery.
• Avoid physical activity. So, the return to the previous way of life should occur gradually.
• Reduce the number of stressful situations. It is after suffering an emotional shock that the body weakens and complications arise.
• Lead a healthy lifestyle. It is worth giving up bad habits and eating right.
• Gargle. This should be done as often as possible, because when rinsing, pus and plaque from the tonsils are washed away.

Pyelonephritis

Prevention of complications

It is also necessary to monitor your condition after recovery. At the first symptoms of an illness that may be a complication of a sore throat, you must contact a medical facility for help.

Prevention of complications consists of some rules:

1. Maintain bed rest for at least 4-7 days.
2. Call a doctor home.
3. Take all medications prescribed by the doctor.
4. Drinking plenty of fluids will help flush out harmful toxins from the body.
5. Reduce exposure to stress factors.
6. Increase immunity.
7. Fortify your diet.
8. To refuse from bad habits.

After suffering from a sore throat, you need to undergo laboratory tests of urine and blood within a week, the results of which will show whether there is a risk of complications. Following simple rules and recommendations will minimize the possibility of complications and speed up the recovery period.