Bloody discharge within a month of the cause. Bleeding from an intimate place in women. When bleeding will be the norm

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Many women consider any discharge from the genitals a sign of some kind of disease, and seek to get rid of them. This is a fundamental misconception. Vaginal discharge just as physiological as the secretion of the salivary and lacrimal glands, gastric juice, etc. Trying to get rid of all these secretions is not only pointless, but also unsafe. In some cases, this also applies to spotting. But their appearance occupies a special place in gynecology- the admixture of blood in the vaginal secretion often serves as a sign of various pathologies. Let's try to understand in more detail what spotting means, and in what cases, when they appear, you need to see a doctor.

Bloody discharge in girls

Secretion from the genital organs is characteristic of the female body at almost any age, with the exception of the period from birth to 9-11 years. Before puberty, girls should not have vaginal discharge. This is due to the structure of the genital organs and the peculiarities of the hormonal profile in this age period. The menstrual function is still absent, the eggs do not mature, the production of female sex hormones is very low, and their effect on the girl's body is minimal. This is the so-called period of physiological rest.

Therefore, the appearance of a vaginal secretion in a girl up to 10-12 years old, and even more so bloody discharge in a newborn, clearly indicates the presence of problems. This may be pathologically early puberty, an infectious lesion, or even a disease of the digestive or urinary tract, which are located nearby.

In any case, the appearance of spotting before puberty is a reason for seeking advice from a pediatric gynecologist.

Bloody discharge in girls

Spotting during this period is called juvenile, or puberty.
Most often, these are uterine bleeding, which are a violation of the menstrual cycle in girls aged 12-18 years. They are also often called dysfunctional - associated with violations of the hormonal function of the ovaries.

Clinical signs
Most often, spotting in girls appears after a delay in the next menstruation for several weeks. They usually last more than a week. In some cases, such juvenile bleeding can be observed for several months, periodically weakening, then intensifying. With such prolonged bleeding, the patient's condition can be quite severe. Intense and prolonged spotting can lead to the development of anemia. This condition requires urgent medical attention.

Treatment of bleeding in girls
Adequate therapy of juvenile bleeding is necessary in order to avoid such severe complications as hemorrhagic shock or anemia.

With a timely visit to the gynecologist and the beginning of treatment, in most cases, spotting disappears, and the menstrual cycle returns to normal. But if bleeding during adolescence remains untreated, then it can turn into bleeding of reproductive age, which can cause infertility and the development of diseases already in an adult woman.

Bloody discharge in women of reproductive age

When can they normally meet?

As a rule, such discharges appear in women about a few days before the onset of menstruation, and gradually develop into more heavy menstrual bleeding. In addition, they can continue for several days after the end of menstruation. Most often, this phenomenon is observed in women who are protected with an intrauterine device. In such cases, if the discharge is not very abundant, then they are considered a physiological norm, and no special treatment is required.

Bloody discharge from the vagina as a sign of pathology

An important factor in determining the danger when such secretions appear is their amount and relationship with the woman's menstrual cycle.

Profuse bleeding
If a woman has abundant spotting that is not related to the physiological menstrual cycle, this is a sign of a serious pathology. Such a patient should be examined by a gynecologist as soon as possible. This symptom is potentially life-threatening for a woman, and the loss of time can result in serious consequences for women's health.

Brown spotting, and in some cases even black, is a consequence of the destruction of blood cells in the uterine cavity. It is necessary to determine the cause of bleeding as soon as possible.

Scanty and spotting
If spotting, not associated with the menstrual cycle, is scarce, then they may indicate the following pathologies:

menstrual irregularities;
the presence of endometriosis;
erosion of the cervix in severe form;
cervical cancer;
infectious lesions (with systematic spotting spotting, associated or not associated with the days of the menstrual cycle, and having a fetid odor).

The relationship of bleeding with the menstrual cycle

Bleeding before and after menses
Bloody discharge after menstruation and before them is a fairly common occurrence. In her life, almost every woman at least once noticed unexpected vaginal bleeding.

It should be remembered that scarlet spotting, which gradually becomes more and more abundant, is considered the norm on the first day of menstruation.

Brown dark spotting before menstruation indicates the presence of a pathological process in the uterus: endometriosis, polyp, hyperplasia (growth) of the endometrium, etc. Pink discharge like diluted blood with an unpleasant odor before and after menstruation is a symptom of chronic endometritis or chronic endocervicitis.

Abundant and prolonged spotting after menstruation and before them are most often dysfunctional. They need to be stopped, and then to find out and start treating the causes of their appearance. They arise due to violations of the hormonal function of the ovaries. It is in these organs that the eggs mature cyclically and female sex hormones are produced, which are involved in maintaining the normal menstrual cycle.

The causes of spotting after menstruation and before them can be:

hormonal disorders in the body with various diseases and stress;
endocrine pathologies, most often - a small amount of thyroid hormones;
stopping or starting hormonal contraceptives;
use of emergency contraceptive drugs: Postinor, Ginepriston, etc.;
certain medications, and starting or stopping estrogen supplements.

Bloody discharge in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Experts say that intermenstrual light bleeding from the vagina is a phenomenon that does not pose a danger. It is caused by hormonal fluctuations associated with the onset of ovulation. Bloody discharge between periods occurs in almost 30% of women.

Normal discharge during ovulation is characterized by the following features:

small total volume (spotting spotting);
duration - no more than 72 hours;
slimy consistency of scarlet, pinkish or brown;
no need to use feminine hygiene products;
the examination does not determine other causes of bleeding from the genital organs.

Often, unexpected spotting from the genital tract, even a small amount, can also be a sign of gynecological diseases.

Bleeding between periods usually begins on the 10-16th day, counting from the first day of the last menstruation, that is, from the beginning of the cycle. Normally, they look like poorly visible mucous secretions with streaks of blood, which last from half a day to three days. If, over time, spotting becomes stronger, or does not stop for more than three days, then you should definitely contact a gynecologist.

The doctor must stop the bleeding and prescribe the necessary examinations. But even if such bleeding has stopped on its own, then it is still worth it to undergo an examination by a gynecologist and perform an ultrasound of the pelvic organs. Such a phenomenon can serve as the only symptom of the presence of a latent gynecological disease.

Causes and treatment of spotting in the middle of the cycle
The most common cause of uterine bleeding between periods in a healthy woman is a sudden sharp fluctuation in the level of estrogen in the body. During ovulation, the level of this hormone rises rapidly. And since it affects the lining of the uterus, a similar symptom appears. Bloody discharge during or after ovulation is considered a physiological norm if no signs of other diseases are found during a medical examination. However, they are subject to medical correction. For the treatment and prevention of such hormonal surges, a woman is usually advised to avoid stressful situations and prescribe herbal preparations.

Smearing brown, pink or dark spotting in the middle of the menstrual cycle occurs when:

the release of the egg from the follicle at the time of ovulation;
the presence of an intrauterine device;
taking hormonal contraceptives;
the use of certain other drugs that affect the menstrual cycle;
performing gynecological procedures, for example, cauterization or conization of the cervix;
low functional activity of the thyroid gland;
polyposis, endometriosis, cervical erosion, chronic inflammation of the uterus (endometritis);
genital infections (for example, gonorrhea);
genital injuries;
fibromas and other tumors of the genital organs.

Bloody discharge during menstruation
Of course, bleeding is an integral part of menstruation. However, in some cases, a change in the consistency of the discharge may be a sign of pathology.

So, if spotting instead of menstruation takes on the character of large clots, this may indicate:

pathological bend of the cervix;
violation of blood clotting and a tendency to thrombosis;
insufficiency of vitamins of group B;
pathological processes in the uterus (myoma, polyp, endometriosis).

Bloody discharge before menstruation, after them and in the middle of the cycle, require special attention and a thorough examination, which should include:

consultation with a gynecologist;
bacteriological and microscopic analysis of secretions;
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

Bloody discharge during pregnancy

Bloody discharge as a sign of pregnancy
Minor bleeding from the genital tract can occur when a fertilized egg (implantation) is introduced into the wall of the uterus. It is associated with microscopic damage to the uterus and possible traumatization of small vessels in it. Such secretions, called implantation ones, are scarce, hardly noticeable and do not pose any threat to health.

Implantation bleeding most often occurs about 7-9 days before the expected start of the next period. Many women, noticing it, believe that this is a harbinger of normal menstruation, and do not consider this symptom as a sign of pregnancy.

Bloody discharge in pregnant women
A woman should be alerted to any spotting (of any duration, in any amount, of any color) that occurs during pregnancy, even if they are not accompanied by pain. The reason for such allocations may be:

premature detachment of the placenta;
detachment of the fetal egg;
improper location of the placenta (previa);
threatened miscarriage.

Such spotting is often brown in color, and can appear at almost any stage of pregnancy.

Another, but not so dangerous, cause of bleeding during pregnancy is microtrauma and rupture of the vessels of the cervix during its erosion. Only a specialist can accurately determine the true cause of bleeding, therefore, if any such discharge appears, it is necessary to undergo an examination by a gynecologist.

Bleeding during pregnancy is characterized by the fact that it can sharply and unexpectedly intensify, leading to very serious complications and consequences. A danger to the health, and sometimes the life of a pregnant woman, may be the appearance of copious brown, scarlet, pink or dark spotting.

It is urgent to call an ambulance for the following symptoms:

a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
weak pulse;
general weakness;
pale skin;

With the appearance of such spotting during pregnancy, it is necessary to observe bed rest and complete rest. In addition, gynecologists almost always recommend urgent hospitalization. The health and life of a pregnant woman and her child may depend on this.

Bloody discharge in early pregnancy
In the early stages of pregnancy, the appearance of spotting can mean the threat of spontaneous miscarriage. As a rule, such discharge in the first trimester occurs if the process of rejection of the fetal egg begins. Therefore, in order to prevent abortion and the threat of losing a child, a woman must be hospitalized in the gynecological department as soon as possible. Only specialists in a hospital will be able to carry out all the necessary measures aimed at maintaining pregnancy.

Discharge in late pregnancy
At a later date, spotting may indicate a threat of premature placental abruption, or mean premature onset of labor. In such cases, emergency assistance from gynecologists is needed.

However, the appearance at 38-40 weeks of spotting brown, not red, in small quantities is not a cause for particular concern. In many women, such discharge occurs as a result of weak bleeding from the vessels that are located on the cervix. However, at the next scheduled visit to a gynecologist, a pregnant woman must tell him about the noticed vaginal discharge.

Bloody discharge during miscarriage

Bloody discharge from the genitals during pregnancy is the most common symptom of a threatened miscarriage. At the same time, pain in the lower back and pulling pain in the lower abdomen can accompany the discharge, or precede their appearance.

It must be remembered that if a woman suddenly had bloody discharge from the vagina, and she was diagnosed with a threatened miscarriage, this does not mean at all that the pregnancy will be terminated in any case. Most women, despite the presence of bloody discharge in the early or late stages, with timely and adequate treatment, successfully endure pregnancy and give birth to healthy children.

Bloody discharge after childbirth

Normal discharge after childbirth (called lochia) is pink and resembles dilute blood or ichor. This is postpartum physiological discharge from the uterus, which includes blood, mucus and torn off non-viable tissues of the decidua of the uterus.

Most often, the duration of the allocation of such lochia is from 3 to 6, occasionally up to 8 weeks after childbirth. A necessary sign of the normal course of this process is the tendency to reduce the amount and clarify the discharge. Lochia in the first week resembles normal menstruation, only more abundant and sometimes containing blood clots. Every day their number should decrease.

Gradually, the lochia becomes yellowish white due to the increase in mucus, begins to resemble egg white, but may still contain small blood impurities. Around the 4th week after childbirth, only meager, "smearing" discharge should be observed. By the end of 6-8 weeks after childbirth, vaginal discharge should acquire the same character and quantity as before the onset of pregnancy.

Bloody discharge after examination by a gynecologist

The appearance of scanty spotting after a gynecological examination is not uncommon, and should not cause much concern. During the examination, microtrauma of blood vessels and minor damage to the mucous membranes are not excluded. Often such discharge occurs in cases where the doctor uses a mirror when examining, or takes a smear. The smear is taken from the mucous membrane of the vagina, urethra and canal of the uterine neck. Simply put, the cells of the mucous membrane are simply scraped off the wall of the vagina or other organ. It is quite natural that damaged tissue may bleed for some time.

The main thing to remember is that spotting should stop as soon as possible. In any case, it will be useful for a woman to monitor her condition. If the discharge of blood does not stop, or itching, burning or pain joins it, then you should immediately contact a gynecologist, describing all the details.

Bleeding after an abortion

Any abortion is associated with more or less extensive trauma to the vessels of the uterine wall. Therefore, the appearance after an abortion of spotting, different in color and quantity, is almost inevitable.

In about 80% of women after drug exposure, a complete abortion occurs after a week, and spotting completely stops. In 95% of women, a complete abortion occurs by the 14th day after the manipulation. Scanty secretions of a bloody nature after a medical abortion can be observed until the next menstruation.

Menstruation after a medical abortion should begin approximately after such a period, the duration of which for a particular woman is a normal menstrual cycle. In addition, they can normally be delayed up to 10 days. Although in some cases (in about 13% of patients), the first menstruation after a medical abortion may begin only 2 months after the abortion procedure.

Abundant spotting after an abortion is quite rare. This usually serves as an indicator of violations of the blood coagulation system. It must be remembered that after an abortion, uterine bleeding is considered severe if:
1. Two sanitary pads of the largest size are completely soaked with blood within an hour.
2. This goes on for over two hours straight.

In such cases, a woman needs to urgently undergo a second consultation with a gynecologist and do an ultrasound scan. To stop uterine bleeding, your doctor may prescribe additional drugs that shrink the uterus and reduce bleeding.

Regardless of the presence or absence of spotting, a week after the abortion, you must definitely contact the gynecologist again and undergo a control ultrasound.

Bloody discharge after intercourse

Bloody discharge of a brown tint, pink or dark spotting that occurs after intercourse, most often has fairly safe causes that are easily eliminated with a timely visit to a gynecologist. However, it must be remembered that if spotting during or after sex is profuse and accompanied by severe pain, then you need to seek medical help as soon as possible.

Bloody discharge that occurs in women after intercourse is called postcoital bleeding. Consider the main reasons for their appearance.

Mechanical damage
The release of blood after sex from the genitals can be caused by physical impact. Most often, these are injuries that a woman can get in the process of too rough or active sex:

injuries and ruptures of the walls or fornix of the vagina;
damage to the mucous membrane of the cervix;
damage to the eroded cervix.

The likelihood of injury or rupture of the vaginal wall is especially high if the pain and blood appear unexpectedly, right during intercourse, and the bleeding is quite heavy. In such cases, you must immediately call an ambulance, as with any serious injury, accompanied by bleeding.

infectious diseases
Often the cause of spotting after intercourse can be an infectious lesion - chlamydia and other sexually transmitted diseases. Another symptom of an infectious pathology of the reproductive system is the addition of a fetid odor to the secretions.

Inflammatory lesions
Bloody discharge after and during sex can occur due to inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs. Most often, bleeding after sex occurs with cervicitis (inflammation of the cervix) or vaginitis (inflammation of the vagina). In both cases, bleeding from the genitals of a woman occurs not only after sex. Sexual intercourse in this situation is only a stimulating factor.

Polyps and cervical erosion
A common cause of spotting after sex is polyps and erosion of the cervix. Such secretions, as a rule, are very transient, disappear in just a few hours, but resume again at the next sexual contact. To get rid of this symptom, you need to contact a gynecologist and undergo a course of treatment for cervical erosion. But polyps, which can cause the development of malignant tumors in the future, must be removed.

The use of drugs
Bleeding after intercourse may be due to taking certain medications that reduce blood clotting (such as aspirin) and birth control. Taking such drugs is associated with the risk of developing hypoplasia (reducing the thickness) of the uterine mucosa, which can lead to trauma.

The cause of spotting can also be errors in taking contraceptives. Skipping the next dose of these drugs, or using them late, can provoke bleeding after sex. In such cases, the gynecologist may advise changing the drug that caused the adverse reaction, or temporarily stop it if the bleeding was caused by errors in its use.

Other pathologies
In rare cases, the cause of spotting after sex can be pathological changes in the cells of the cervix (dysplasia), certain blood diseases and uterine cancer. The presence of such pathologies is determined by laboratory analysis of the vaginal discharge, and other examinations.

Bleeding while using contraceptives

Brown spotting in the first two months after the start of taking hormonal contraceptives is considered a variant of the norm. During the use of medications such as Regulon, Yarina, Jess, spotting can appear in any phase of the menstrual cycle, which is associated with the suppression of ovulation. After the use of postcoital hormonal contraceptives, such as Postinor, spotting can also occur due to sudden changes in the hormonal balance of the body.

It should be remembered that if spotting does not stop in the third and fourth months of continuous use of the drug, the woman should consult a gynecologist. Most likely, this oral contraceptive simply does not suit her, and it needs to be replaced.

Bloody discharge during menopause

Bleeding during menopause (even the smallest spotting) is a symptom of diseases, and sometimes quite serious, up to uterine cancer. Therefore, in no case should such a situation be ignored.

Many women are quite hard to endure menopause. Signs of its pathological course are:

strong and frequent hot flashes;
violations of metabolic processes in the body;
increased blood pressure;
the appearance of psychological disorders;
periodic bleeding from the genitals.

The widespread belief that any symptoms are possible during menopause leads many women to ignore bleeding that should not be normal. They occur quite often - according to statistics, more than half of patients over 45 years old turn to a gynecologist because of bleeding during menopause.

Causes and treatment of bleeding in menopause
Symptoms of pathological menopause are primarily due to hormonal changes in the female body, that is, they are dysfunctional. But we must not forget that in some cases, bleeding indicates the presence of tumor neoplasms of a benign (polyps and fibroids) or malignant nature.

Bloody discharge can occur if a woman after menopause uses hormone replacement therapy. In this case, taking progesterone can stimulate the recovery of light menstrual bleeding. They can be observed within 1-2 years, usually pass painlessly and easily, lasting no more than 3-4 days. This is the only type of spotting in menopause that does not require immediate interruption of the course and treatment. But if a woman takes progesterone, and menstrual bleeding starts at the wrong time, lasts longer than expected, is very plentiful or contains blood clots, then you should definitely consult a gynecologist.

It is necessary to distinguish between two types of bleeding in menopause:
1. Bleeding during menopause.
2. Bleeding during the postmenopausal period.

Bloody discharge in premenopause
Bleeding during premenopause is usually caused by a violation of the production of sex hormones in women aged 45-50 years, up to the complete cessation of menstruation. Their cause is violations of the timing of ovulation, which lead to the failure of cyclic changes in the thickness of the uterine mucosa.

Usually, menopausal bleeding in premenopause appears after a delay in menstruation, and sometimes they begin on the day of the expected menstruation, or even a little earlier. Such spotting can have a different intensity, and be observed for several weeks, or even months. They are characterized by relapses that sometimes occur within 4-5 years.

Especially often, spotting during menopause is observed in women suffering from metabolic disorders and various endocrine diseases. Therefore, the appearance of the first signs of menopausal bleeding is a reason for a mandatory examination in order to identify violations of the functions of the thyroid and pancreas, liver, fat and carbohydrate metabolism.

Bloody discharge in postmenopausal women
Any spotting in the postmenopausal period, that is, after the complete cessation of menstruation, should always be considered as a threatening symptom. Such bleeding is a sign of tumors, including malignant ones. In such cases, diagnostic curettage is almost always performed, affecting the mucous membrane of the body of the uterus and the canal of its neck, as well as the subsequent histological examination of the scraping.

Diagnosis and treatment of bleeding

Which doctor should I contact with bloody discharge from the genital tract?

With the appearance of spotting of various nature and quantity in women and girls of any age, you should contact gynecologist (make an appointment). If we are talking about teenagers or girls under 10 years old, then you should contact a pediatric gynecologist.

Despite the fact that bloody discharge from the vagina can be evidence not only of diseases of the female genital area, but also a symptom of a disorder of the blood coagulation system, you still need to contact a gynecologist when they appear, since coagulopathy (blood clotting disorders) are much less common than gynecological pathology . This means that the doctor will examine the woman and, if necessary, refer her to hematologist (make an appointment).

In addition, every woman and girl should know that the discharge of blood from the genital tract in some cases is a sign of an emergency, the essence of which is that some kind of catastrophe occurs in the body and immediate medical attention is required to save a life. If signs of such a dangerous condition appear, you should immediately call an ambulance and be hospitalized in a hospital so that doctors can provide the assistance necessary to save a life.

So, urgently call an ambulance and be hospitalized in a hospital if during or after intercourse in the abdomen or vagina there is severe pain and heavy bleeding begins. In this situation, urgent help is needed due to the fact that during sexual intercourse an injury occurred to the organs and tears and traumatic injuries must be sutured so that the woman does not die from blood loss.

In addition, it is imperative to call an ambulance and be hospitalized for pregnant women at any gestational age if they have bloody discharge from the vagina. Any discharge of blood from the vagina during pregnancy should be considered dangerous. Although theoretically bleeding from the vagina during pregnancy can be harmless, due, for example, to cervical erosion, it is difficult to distinguish them from dangerous ones. Moreover, at the beginning, spotting may have signs of benign, but this is deceptive, since at any moment they can intensify, take on their true nature and become very dangerous (for example, with an ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, placental abruption, etc.) .

In addition, bloody discharge from the vagina in women and girls of any age should be considered dangerous if it increases or does not decrease with time, possibly combined with severe pain in the lower abdomen (right, left, in the middle or everywhere) or lower back, high body temperature, a strong and rapid deterioration in well-being after the onset of spotting, blanching, decreased pressure, increased heart rate, profuse sweating, possibly fainting. Remember that with a dangerous discharge of blood from the vagina, the woman's condition quickly and sharply worsens so much that she literally cannot stand and sit, and almost faints.

Treatment of bleeding from the genital organs in women of any age has several goals:
1. Stop heavy bleeding as soon as possible and replenish blood loss.
2. Eliminate the cause that caused the bleeding.
3. Compensation for the consequences of blood loss (for example, anemia).

Examination for bleeding
Before prescribing treatment, the gynecologist conducts an examination to establish the true cause of bleeding.

The program of examinations, as a rule, includes:

a detailed survey of the patient, on the basis of which the doctor draws conclusions about her psychological state, hereditary diseases in the family, etc.;
visual examination of the vagina with the help of mirrors;
laboratory examination of vaginal smears;
examination of the tissues of the cervix using colposcopy or biopsy;
ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs;
in certain cases - diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity, followed by microscopic examination of endometrial tissues;
determining the level of hormones;
general blood analysis .

What tests and examinations can a doctor prescribe for bloody discharge from the vagina?

Bloody discharge from the vagina can be provoked by various diseases and conditions, for the diagnosis of which different methods are used. The choice of a diagnostic method in each case of bleeding from the vagina is carried out by the doctor individually, depending on the accompanying symptoms, due to which it is possible to presuppose the disease that caused bleeding or spotting. Below we will consider what tests and examinations a doctor can prescribe for bleeding from the vagina with various concomitant symptoms, and we will only touch on those situations where there is no need to urgently call an ambulance.

Dark spotting from the vagina (brown, brownish, maroon, dark red, etc.) in large or small amounts, appearing outside of menstruation or before menstruation, makes the doctor suspect a pathological process in the uterus (for example, endometrial or cervical polyps channel, endometrial hyperplasia, endometriosis, etc.). In such a situation, the doctor prescribes the following tests and examinations:

Bimanual gynecological examination;
Inspection of the genital tract in the mirrors;
Vaginal smear for flora (make an appointment);
Hysteroscopy (make an appointment);
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs (make an appointment);
Separate diagnostic curettage (sign up);
Magnetic resonance imaging (make an appointment);
General blood analysis;
General urine analysis ;
Blood chemistry;
Coagulogram (sign up);
Blood test for luteinizing hormone;
A blood test for follicle-stimulating hormone;
Blood test for testosterone.

First of all, a bimanual two-handed examination and examination of the genital tract in the mirrors is always carried out. A swab is also taken for the flora, an ultrasound scan of the pelvic organs is prescribed, since it is these examination methods that make it possible to diagnose the disease or narrow the diagnostic search. To assess the general condition of the body, general blood and urine tests, a biochemical blood test and a coagulogram (assessment of the blood coagulation system) are also prescribed. Further, if the results of ultrasound and examination revealed a disease (for example, a cervical polyp, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, etc.), the doctor prescribes hysteroscopy or magnetic resonance imaging to clarify the data on the localization of the pathological focus and assess the condition of the tissues. If, according to the results of ultrasound, endometrial hyperplasia is detected, the doctor prescribes a separate diagnostic curettage. If the examination revealed endometriosis, then in addition, the doctor may prescribe blood tests to determine the concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone in a woman.

If the examinations did not reveal any diseases, and there are spotting, the doctor prescribes tests for genital infections ( chlamydia (sign up), mycoplasmosis (sign up), ureaplasmosis (sign up), trichomoniasis, candidiasis, gardnerellosis, gonorrhea (sign up), syphilis (sign up)).

If a woman systematically has spotting spotting that emits an unpleasant or fetid odor, and they can be observed on any days of the menstrual cycle, the doctor suspects an infectious and inflammatory process in the genital organs and prescribes tests for genital infections (chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis, candidiasis , gardnerellosis, gonorrhea, syphilis), as well as ultrasound of the pelvic organs. For analysis for sexual infections (sign up) you can donate blood, vaginal discharge and urethra. As a rule, the doctor recommends to the woman which tests she needs, and which biological material should be taken for this.

If periodically pinkish discharge appears before menstruation, resembling diluted blood and emitting an unpleasant odor, endometritis or endocervicitis is suspected. In this case, the doctor prescribes the following tests and examinations:

Gynecological examination (make an appointment);
General blood analysis;
smear on flora;
Bacteriological culture of the vaginal discharge;
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
Hysteroscopy;
Separate diagnostic curettage with histological examination of the material;
Extended colposcopy (make an appointment);
Cervical smear for cytology (make an appointment);
Bacteriological culture of a smear from the cervical canal;
Blood tests or vaginal discharge for sexual infections (chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis, candidiasis, gardnerellosis, gonorrhea, syphilis) by ELISA methods, PCR (sign up) and etc.;
Biopsy of the cervix.

First of all, the doctor conducts a gynecological examination, prescribes a general blood test, a smear on the flora, sowing of the vaginal discharge and ultrasound of the pelvic organs, since it is these examinations that make it possible to understand whether a woman suffers from endocervicitis or endometritis. Further, other examinations are prescribed already in order to clarify the parameters of the pathological process and find out the causes of the disease. So, with identified endometritis, a separate diagnostic curettage is performed with or without hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy allows you to see the endometrium inside the uterus and assess its condition, and curettage makes it possible only to get the result of its histology and understand whether there is only inflammation, or whether we are talking about precancerous conditions or even cancer. From the point of view of cancer alertness, doctors prefer to carry out curettage followed by a histological examination of the material, and hysteroscopy is performed only in some cases.

If endocervicitis has been detected, then, first of all, an extended colposcopy is prescribed and performed and a smear is taken for cytology to determine whether there is a cancerous degeneration of cells. Next, a blood or vaginal discharge test is prescribed for sexual infections and bacteriological sowing of a smear from the cervical canal in order to determine the microbe that has become the causative agent of the infectious process. If, according to the results of cytology, the presence of tumor cells is revealed, then biopsy (make an appointment) cervix for early detection of cancer.

Scanty and spotting spotting of any nature (pink, red, brownish, etc.) in various parts of the menstrual cycle (in the middle, before menstruation, after menstruation) makes us suspect menstrual irregularities, endometriosis, polyps, endometritis, fibroids, genital infections , genital trauma, cervical erosion, cervical cancer. In such a situation, the doctor first of all prescribes a gynecological examination, an examination in the mirrors, a smear on the flora and ultrasound of the pelvic organs, since these simple examinations reveal a number of additional signs that can be used to accurately diagnose an existing disease and then conduct other additional studies to confirmation of the diagnostic guess.

So, if as a result of the examination, damage to the genital organs is revealed, the doctor eliminates it - sutures the tears, removes foreign objects, treats the mucous membrane with an antiseptic, etc. In such a situation, other examinations are not prescribed, since they are not needed. If, during the examination and ultrasound, an erosion or an incomprehensible formation on the cervix was detected, the doctor prescribes a colposcopy, a smear for cytology, or immediately takes a biopsy of the affected area to understand if there is erosion or if it is a precancer or cancer.

If endometriosis is detected according to the results of ultrasound, tomography is prescribed to clarify the localization of ectopic foci and blood tests for hormones - testosterone, luteinizing and follicle-stimulating. If the examination and ultrasound reveal polyps or a tumor (myoma, etc.), hysteroscopy is additionally prescribed. If the examination and ultrasound revealed endometritis, a separate diagnostic curettage is additionally assigned. If ultrasound and examination revealed signs of genital infections, then a blood test or vaginal discharge for inflammatory pathogens (chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, trichomoniasis, candidiasis, gardnerellosis, gonorrhea, syphilis) is prescribed. And when the results of ultrasound and examination did not reveal any pathology, the doctor prescribes blood test for thyroid hormones (make an appointment), since in such a situation, most likely, scanty spotting is due to a violation of the work of this particular organ.

When large blood clots appear in a woman during menstruation, this suggests a bending of the cervix, a pathology of blood clotting, a deficiency of B vitamins, endometriosis, or neoplasms in the uterus (polyps, fibroids). In such a situation, the doctor, first of all, performs a gynecological examination and examination in the mirrors, prescribes an ultrasound of the pelvic organs, a general blood test, a coagulogram (APTT, PTI, TV, fibrinogen, clot retraction, etc.). If the results of the coagulogram reveal a pathology, the woman is referred to a hematologist. If the results Ultrasound (make an appointment) and inspection revealed a bend of the cervix - prescribe therapy. If ultrasound and examination revealed endometriosis, tomography is prescribed, blood tests for hormones - testosterone, luteinizing and follicle-stimulating. If ultrasound and examination revealed polyps or fibroids, hysteroscopy is prescribed.

If a girl or woman develops heavy and prolonged dysfunctional bleeding before or after menstruation, hormonal imbalance is suspected, in which case the doctor prescribes the following tests to understand why the ovaries do not function normally and do not produce the necessary amount of hormones to maintain the correct menstrual cycle:

Blood test for the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, thyrotropin);
Blood test for the level of triiodothyronine (T3);
Blood test for thyroxine level (T4);
Blood test for the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH);
Blood test for luteinizing hormone (LH) levels;
Blood test for prolactin level (sign up);
Blood test for estradiol levels;
Blood test for testosterone levels.

If a woman has spotting after intercourse, then STIs, cervicitis, vaginitis, polyps and cervical erosion are suspected, and in this case, the doctor prescribes, first of all, an examination in the mirrors, a bimanual examination, taking a smear for flora, taking a smear from cervix for cytology and ultrasound of the pelvic organs. Further appointments are based on the data of these primary surveys. So, if as a result of the examination cervical erosion is revealed, then a colposcopy is prescribed and performed. When polyps are detected, treatment is carried out (they are removed). If cervicitis is detected, then colposcopy is also performed and tests for genital infections are prescribed to understand which pathogen provoked the inflammatory process. If, according to the results of the examination and a smear on the flora, an inflammatory process is detected, then tests for STIs are also prescribed. After the result of a smear for cytology from the cervix comes, the doctor decides whether to take a biopsy. So, if cytology did not reveal atypical (tumor) cells, then the biopsy is not taken, but if any are found, then a cervical biopsy is prescribed, which is necessary to understand whether there is a malignant tumor, or whether atypical cells are an accidental finding.

If, after an abortion, a woman has heavy uterine bleeding, then the doctor, first of all, performs an ultrasound scan to make sure there are no residues in the uterus. If any are found, scraping is carried out. If none are found, then a coagulogram is prescribed, and the woman is referred to a hematologist, since bleeding is considered to be caused by a pathology of blood coagulation.

If profuse bleeding develops in a woman in menopause, then a separate diagnostic curettage with a histological examination of the material is necessarily prescribed, since such a situation is often a sign of tumors or precancerous background diseases.

If spotting appears in a girl under 12 years old, the doctor prescribes a full range of diagnostic manipulations - ultrasound of the pelvic organs, tests for genital infections, tests for hormones (cortisol, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, estradiol, testosterone). In addition, to exclude kidney disease, a general urine test is prescribed, and to exclude the pathology of the digestive tract, a biochemical blood test and Ultrasound of the abdominal organs (make an appointment).

Treatment of spotting

Conservative Methods:
1. Most often, the basis of the therapeutic program is hormonal therapy. Such treatment courses are usually prescribed for up to 3 months. After its completion, a break is made in the treatment, during which the gynecologist evaluates its results.
2. In addition to hormonal agents, symptomatic treatment is also used - hemostatic drugs and drugs that enhance the contractile activity of the uterus.
3. General strengthening therapy, which helps to restore the female body as a whole.
4. Also, experts recommend avoiding physical and psychological stressful situations.

The selection of the optimal treatment regimen for spotting occurs individually. It should also be remembered that the treatment will last from 3-4 weeks to six months or more, depending on the cause of the violations. In order to restore the normal functioning of the female reproductive system, it may take several months.

Operational Methods
Surgical methods are also used to treat severe bleeding. For example, in patients who are in menopausal age, curettage of the uterus is the main diagnostic method. And with juvenile bleeding in adolescent girls, such a procedure is carried out exclusively for health reasons. After the application of surgical methods, treatment is prescribed aimed at preventing the recurrence of discharge.

Conclusion

Treatment of bloody discharge from the genital tract should only be carried out by a gynecologist. Self-medication is absolutely unacceptable even if a woman is sure that she knows the true cause of bleeding. Misdiagnosis

Experienced doctors know why bloody discharge appears and why it is dangerous. This symptom is observed in various diseases. The most common cause is an infectious pathology of the genital organs. This is predominantly a women's issue. In men, discharge from the urethra is possible.

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Pathological discharge from the genital tract

Purulent and mucous discharge with streaks of blood is a serious symptom that is a reason to see a doctor. It can be observed constantly or periodically. Often in women, discharge is disturbed after sexual intercourse. In 80% of cases they are not abundant. The main reasons are:

the beginning of menstruation;
mucosal injury as a result of careless sexual intercourse;
endometritis;
cervical erosion;
adenomyosis;
tumors;
improper intake of estrogen;
STIs (gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis);
polycystic;
carrying out gynecological procedures;
endometriosis;
thrombocytopenia;
blood clotting disorder;
ectopic pregnancy;
detachment of the placenta;
use of intrauterine contraceptives.

The blood from the vagina can go during the bearing of the child. This indicates an abortion and the development of complications. In men, discharge from the urethra is caused by trauma, candidiasis, STIs, and allergic reactions. The cause is inflammation of the mucous membrane of the urethra.

Bloody discharge with myoma

Blood discharge is a sign of a benign tumor of the uterus. It's called myoma. By the age of 35, almost every third woman suffers from this pathology. Recently, fibroids are often detected in young girls. The following risk factors for tumor development are known:

failure of the menstrual cycle;
hormonal disorders;
irregular sex life;
dissatisfaction with sex;
abortion;
curettage of the uterus;
complicated childbirth.

This problem is more often faced by women suffering from obesity, hypertension, thyroid pathology and diabetes. Signs of fibroids are menorrhagia (prolonged and heavy bleeding during menstruation), metrorrhagia, abdominal pain, weakness, pale skin, constipation, difficulty urinating. Pathological discharge is not observed in all women. The admixture of blood is due to damage to the vessels by the tumor. The symptoms are most pronounced with a large submucosal myoma.

Development of endometriosis

Bloody discharge is typical of endometriosis. With this pathology, the functional layer of the uterine mucosa is in atypical places for it. The most commonly affected are the vagina, ovaries, and myometrium. This provokes bleeding from the genitals outside the period of menstruation.

The following causes of endometriosis are known:

hormonal disorders;
family predisposition;
decreased immunity;
metaplasia.

Almost always with this disease, there is an increase in the level of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones. Provoking factors include iron deficiency, inflammation, and liver dysfunction. With endometriosis, sick women complain of brown discharge from the genital tract. They can be plentiful or smearing. Dark highlights. Often they are determined by blood clots. The appearance of bleeding in endometriosis is associated with a decrease in estrogen synthesis.

This symptom bothers between menstruation. It is observed not at all sick women. Along with this symptom, symptoms such as abdominal pain, difficulty in conceiving a child appear. Menses become long and profuse. Possible symptoms of intoxication in the form of fever, weakness, nausea and vomiting.

Presence of uterine polyps

Discharge with blood streaks is a sign of polyps. These are benign neoplasms on the leg, having the shape of a mushroom. In 1-2% of cases, they undergo malignancy. Polyps have the following features:

formed during menopause;
manifested by menstrual irregularities, leucorrhoea, spotting and pain;
up to 0.5 cm;
are single and multiple;
often localized in the cervix;
can cause infertility.

These neoplasms are glandular, fibrous, mixed, adenomatous and placental. The exact reasons for their appearance have not been clarified. The risk of developing this pathology increases with the growth of blood vessels, hormonal disorders, endocrine pathology, obesity, cervicitis, endometriosis and physical inactivity.

Bloody discharge from the vagina with polyps is not always observed. This symptom occurs in case of trauma to the neoplasm and blood vessels. This is possible during a gynecological examination or diagnostic curettage. Sometimes the cause of blood admixture is ulceration of the polyp.

Manifestations in endometritis

Among women, a pathology such as endometritis is common. With it, mucus with blood from the genital tract is released very often. There are acute and chronic endometritis. The process involves the inner (mucous) layer of the uterus. Muscles are often affected. In this case, metroendometritis develops.

The disease has an infectious etiology. Acute endometritis often develops after abortions and diagnostic curettage. The chronic form of the disease is often associated with the use of spirals and medical procedures. Mucus with blood is most often released during a long course of endometritis.

The following symptoms are possible:

heavy or scanty menstruation;
uterine bleeding;
pathological discharge;
painful intercourse;
enlargement of the uterus;
soreness of the abdomen.

Vaginal discharge may be serous or purulent. They show blood in the form of streaks. In the absence of proper treatment, there is a risk of developing complications (miscarriage, infertility, difficult childbirth).

Inflammation of the appendages

Not every woman knows why there is bloody discharge from the genitals. The cause may be inflammation of the appendages (tubes and ovaries). The disease is called adnexitis or salpingoophoritis. Inflammation can be unilateral or bilateral. Nonspecific pathogens are cocci and other opportunistic bacteria. Less commonly, adnexitis develops against the background of STIs (chlamydia). Predisposing factors are immunodeficiency, hypothermia and unprotected relationships.

Bloody discharge appears due to metrorrhagia. This happens between periods. In such women, the secreted blood is mixed with mucous or purulent vaginal discharge. Other symptoms include painful and heavy periods, decreased libido, and pain during intercourse. Often the function of digestion is disturbed. In acute salpingo-oophoritis, signs of bleeding are most often absent.

Admixture of blood in uterine cancer

Bleeding and abnormal discharge are signs of a malignant tumor. The most commonly diagnosed cancer of the uterus. The neck or body of the organ may be affected. The highest incidence among women is at the age of 60-63 years. There is no single hypothesis for the development of uterine cancer. The clinical picture is determined by the location and size of the tumor.

With cancer of the body of the uterus, the following symptoms are observed:

bleeding;
purulent or watery discharge mixed with red blood cells;
pain.

Most often, the secret is mucous. In the case of a secondary infection, it becomes purulent with an admixture of blood. The appearance of pain syndrome indicates an advanced form of cancer. In the presence of a malignant tumor, spotting is combined with symptoms of intoxication. With cervical cancer, the clinical picture has some features. Bleeding is an early symptom. The nature of menstruation changes. As the tumor grows, discharge with traces of blood appears. In the later stages, they have an unpleasant odor. The volume of whites also increases.

Necessary examinations

If a woman has pathological discharge mixed with blood, the following studies will be needed:

general clinical tests;
computed or magnetic resonance imaging;
blood chemistry;
PAP test;
histological examination;
biopsy;
Ultrasound of the uterus and appendages;
bacteriological examination of smears;
analysis of the microflora of the vagina;
two-handed gynecological examination;
laparoscopy;
radiography.

The results of the questionnaire and physical examination help to make a diagnosis and identify risk factors. The doctor performs palpation of the abdomen. In diseases of an infectious nature, it is important to establish the pathogen. When a neoplasm is detected, a biopsy is performed. Then the taken tissue fragment is examined for the presence of atypical cells.

A colposcopy is required. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs is crucial in the diagnosis of endometriosis. The source of bleeding can be anywhere. Specific markers of this disease are identified. The blood is examined for the presence of CA-125. Very informative contrast radiography.

Treatment regimen

The treatment regimen is determined by the gynecologist. It depends on the underlying cause of the bleeding. When detecting chronic salpingo-oophoritis, the following are required:

hospitalization (with exacerbation);
carrying out physiotherapy;
infusion therapy;
autohemotherapy;
the use of systemic antibiotics;
taking vitamins.

After normalization of discharge and elimination of other symptoms, rest in a sanatorium is recommended. With endometriosis, the main method of therapy is long-term use of hormonal drugs. These can be combined oral contraceptives, levonorgestrel derivatives, gonadotropin synthesis inhibitors, androgen derivatives, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists.

Medicines such as Diane-35, Jeanine, Mirena, Depo-Provera and Zoladex are often prescribed. Additionally, symptomatic therapy is carried out. Often, surgery is required. In the presence of cancer of the body of the uterus, the following methods of treatment are possible:

exposure;
the use of chemotherapy drugs;
operation;
taking hormones.

Ablation is performed in the initial stages. Often, extirpation or more advanced surgery is required. With the accumulation of purulent exudate (pyometra), bougienage is performed. After surgery, radiation therapy is often arranged. If the admixture of blood in the secretions is due to polyps, then they are removed. Neoplasms are twisted or used mechanically. In the latter case, an electric loop and a laser are used. The bed after removal of the neoplasm is cauterized by electrocoagulation.

Prevention measures

To preserve reproductive function and prevent pathological secretions, the following recommendations should be followed:

visit a gynecologist at least 2 times a year;
observe the rules of intimate hygiene;
do not engage in casual sex;
timely start sexual life;
refuse to use intrauterine devices;
do not take hormonal drugs;
treat inflammatory diseases;
give up smoking and alcohol;
move more;
do not overcool;
Healthy food;
harden;
periodically hand over material for laboratory research;
vaccinate against cervical cancer with Gardasil or Cervarix;
refuse abortion;
plan pregnancy;
avoid contact with carcinogens;
follow the rules of asepsis after childbirth.

You need to be careful from a young age. Thus, the admixture of blood in the secretions can be a formidable symptom. The most common cause is inflammatory diseases of the genital organs.

Bloody discharge from the genitals makes many women wary, as they are convinced of the infectious nature of this phenomenon. This view is not entirely correct, since the appearance of bloody discharge from the vagina may be the norm.. However, in order to accurately determine the cause of the phenomenon, it is necessary to consult a specialist.

The absolute norm is the appearance of discharge a few days before the onset of menstruation. In this case, the nature of the allocated component will be scarce, but then the menstruation will begin to intensify. Allocations can persist a few days after the end of menstruation, which is also a normal process. In this case, the help of a doctor is not required.

You need to pay attention to the color of bloody discharge from the vagina. If they have a dark or brownish tint, then this is already a signal that indicates the development of diseases of an infectious or inflammatory nature. Such pathologies affect especially vulnerable places - the uterus and appendages. Seek medical attention to avoid complications.

As for spotting and scanty blood discharge in women who are not related to menstruation, such a symptom may indicate the following pathologies:

Cervical cancer.
Menstrual irregularities.
Erosions in the cervix.
The presence of polyps in the cervix.
development of endometriosis.

If the pathological process develops further, then pus may appear in the blood secretions in women. The smell will be very fetid, so it's hard not to notice. In such cases, going to the hospital is necessary, otherwise the pathological process may develop further, which will require a completely different treatment.

Most often, discharge with blood in the middle of the cycle appears due to a strong change in hormonal levels. This is especially true of estrogen, which plays a significant role in a woman's life. When the egg is ready for fertilization, the level of this hormone rises. At the same time, estrogen strongly affects the uterine lining, so spotting in the middle of the cycle is a normal pattern. Nevertheless, some gynecologists recommend correcting this process with the help of a medical method.

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Bleeding in the middle of the cycle can also appear in the following cases:

In the presence of tumors of the genital organs.
If an intrauterine device has been installed.
With the threat of miscarriage.
The presence of an inflammatory process of a chronic nature in the uterine mucosa.
When using oral hormonal contraception.
After colposcopy, cauterization of erosion and other gynecological interventions.

Pregnancy and pathology: how to recognize the threat?

Discharge with blood during pregnancy is also a certain indicator of a woman's health and the course of gestation. A situation in which spotting is present in a small amount is considered normal. Often this happens when an egg that has been fertilized is introduced into the lining of the uterus. In this case, spotting is associated with minor damage to small vessels. The intervention of a specialist is not required, but it is recommended to visit a doctor to rule out dangerous conditions.

The appearance of bloody discharge is a reason to consult a doctor at any period of bearing a child. Color and character also does not matter. This is due to the fact that often the cause of the appearance of a symptom indicates the following problems:

The threat of premature birth.
The presence of a threat of miscarriage.
Placenta previa.
Partial detachment of the placenta.

Especially you need to pay attention to the bloody discharge of a brown tint. The danger is associated with a sharp increase in the amount of mucus secreted, which poses a threat to the mother and fetus. If spotting appears, then you need to call an ambulance, especially if you have the following symptoms:

Strong sweating.
Pain in the abdomen.
Dizziness.
Pale skin tone.
Increased heart rate.
Increasing feelings of weakness.

The presented signs indicate placental abruption or the appearance of an internal type of bleeding. The expectant mother is advised to observe bed rest, it is necessary to avoid unrest and stressful situations. Doctors in most cases require hospitalization of the patient, so you should not refuse such an offer, this will avoid the risk to the mother and child.

Bloody discharge in early pregnancy signals the presence of a risk of miscarriage. To prevent this threat, the patient is referred for treatment to the gynecology department. It is not recommended to refuse hospitalization, as only an experienced doctor can identify possible risks, correctly assess the situation and make an informed decision.

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The situation is similar with late pregnancy. In this case, spotting also indicates the possibility of placental abruption, urgent hospitalization is required. If the discharge occurred after 37 weeks, then this indicates the departure of the mucous plug, which is a natural barrier to the movement of pathological bacteria. Bloody discharge indicates that the patient will soon go into labor. In some cases, the sign appears 3-4 days before the expected labor activity, however, there are situations in which childbirth begins after 2-48 hours.

Discharge after childbirth

Discharge with blood after childbirth is also the norm. They are pink in color. Such manifestations are called lochia. The duration of this phenomenon ranges from 4 to 6 weeks after the completion of childbirth. You need to pay attention to this, but you should not indulge in panic. On the first day, the discharge has a bright shade. Similar to bleeding during menstruation. The composition of the separated component contains mucus. In the future, the discharge begins to lighten and acquire a more transparent shade.

The secretions continue to change, causing their color to turn yellow. It contains streaks of blood. At 3-4 weeks after the completion of childbirth, lochia becomes spotting. A woman needs to be wary if lochia does not go away after 6 weeks. You need to see a doctor. Some situations are associated with lengthening the postpartum period. In this case, lochia can persist after 8 weeks, which also requires a visit to a medical facility.

It is also necessary to visit a doctor if the nature and color of symptoms change. If they become transparent, but then again acquire a bright red or even brown hue, and their smell is unpleasant, then you need to contact a specialist urgently. When pain occurs in the lower abdomen, treatment is also required, since an unpleasant symptom may indicate the development of postpartum endometritis, which is associated with the entry of pathogenic bacterial flora into the uterine mucosa.

Thus, a woman needs to be alert in the following cases:

In the presence of high body temperature and the presence of chills.
If there are large blood clots in the discharge.
Longer postpartum period and discharge.
An unpleasant odor that is present in lochia.
The appearance on the 4-5th day of red discharge, which does not stop going in the supine position.
Abundant character of lochia discharge.
Cessation of lochia excretion at 1 week postpartum. Such a sign indicates an inflection of the uterus or a blockage of its cervix with a blood clot.

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There was a discharge after the examination: what to do?

It is not uncommon for the appearance of discharge after visiting a doctor and conducting a gynecological examination. They are the norm of excretion, which have a meager character. This is associated with a minor injury that was received during the diagnostic procedures or during the collection of smears. Small vessels are damaged, so blood is present in the secretions. Such a slight bleeding will soon stop on its own, so you should not worry and worry about this.

It is necessary to pay attention if pain in the lower abdomen is added to the listed symptoms. In addition, a feeling of itching may occur, and the amount of discharge will increase. In such situations, you need to seek medical help again. Such manifestations are associated with infection during diagnosis, which can occur when using a medical instrument that has not been processed in advance.

Blood after intercourse

Postcoital bleeding, or discharge with bloody contents, should also be divided into normal and pathological. In the presence of weak secretions, there is no reason to worry. However, with an increase in the sign, you should contact a gynecologist, since there are a lot of reasons for the appearance of such a condition, starting with injury to the vagina and ending with the development of an infection.

They are the absolute norm of discharge, consisting of blood and released after defloration, that is, after the first sexual intercourse of a woman. However, you need to pay attention that the symptom does not appear in everyone. We are talking about the group of girls whose hymen is quite dense, which leads to profuse hemorrhages. The presence of a thin hymen, which has a moon-shaped shape, is not characterized by such a manifestation.

Minor mechanical injuries are another popular factor that leads to bleeding symptoms. It appears as a result of rough or violent intimacy of an intimate nature. There is damage to the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix. If during the act the blood goes strongly, and the partner has pain, then you need to stop the process and urgently consult a doctor.

Sexually transmitted diseases cause bloody discharge after sexual intercourse. Such diseases include trichomoniasis, chlamydia, gardnerellosis, gonorrhea and many others. The pathological group includes diseases of the female genital organs. They are represented by inflammatory processes in the cervix or vagina. In this case, the discharge appears not only after the act, but also before it, even when the patient is at rest.

With internal bleeding, the patient develops severe pain of a cramping nature. It is concentrated in the groin, lower abdomen, lower back and other places. It is urgent to call an ambulance. Bleeding appears with serious injuries, an example is the following conditions:

Ectopic pregnancy.
Rupture of an ovarian cyst.
Ovarian damage.

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Thus, signs in the form of mucus with blood may indicate a variety of processes that are both normal and pathological.

For this reason, you should consult a specialist and undergo a medical examination by a gynecologist, which will eliminate the dangers and risks.

If you do not use the advice presented, then the result of such negligence can be sad if there is indeed a pathology in the woman's genitals.

Many women mistakenly believe that the appearance of any discharge from the genital organs is a mandatory sign of pathology. Vaginal secretions fulfill their physiological function, like, say, the secretion of the salivary glands, pancreas or stomach. Many women try to get rid of them, however, this is the wrong approach, because first you need to understand the issue: discharge with blood, but not menstruation, is this the norm or pathology.

Allocations with blood, which are of particular interest in gynecology, since they can appear in absolutely healthy women and be considered the norm, but they are often a sign of pathology.

What is monthly?

Menstruation is a physiological process in a woman's body, an external manifestation of the menstrual cycle, which proceeds cyclically and is regulated by sex hormones. They occur in women who have reached puberty, and are aimed at procreation.

Characteristics of menstruation are normal:

last 2-7 days;
discharge of red or scarlet color, odorless;
physiological blood loss of 50 ml per cycle, more intense in the first days, then gradually subsides.

Having dealt with the question “What is menstruation?”, Let's decide in what periods of a woman's life discharge with blood can appear in normal and pathological conditions, but at the same time they are not associated with menstruation.

Childhood period

Under normal conditions, during the period from birth to the onset of menarche (first menstruation), no discharge should occur from the genital tract. This is due to the anatomical structure of the reproductive system, as well as a very low level of sex hormones. The appearance of any discharge, especially with blood impurities, is a clear sign of pathology.

infectious diseases;
trauma;
premature development of the genital area;
diseases of the urinary system.

puberty

This pathology occurs in girls in the period of 11-18 years and is called dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB). Today, DMC is a very serious and frequent pathology, often requiring medical intervention. DMC bleeding is associated with a violation of the formation of sex hormones in the ovaries.

Also, the causes of bloody discharge can be:

anomalies in the development of the reproductive organs;
trauma;
infections;
severe stress;
hypovitaminosis against the background of an unbalanced diet.

DMC can appear during menstruation, but they can be distinguished by more intense and prolonged discharge with blood. There are also options when bleeding begins after a cycle delay of several weeks. Usually DMC last more than 7 days, can reach a duration of a month or more with undulating periods of amplification and weakening. Against this background, girls develop anemia. With DMK, the menstrual cycle and menstruation are disturbed.

reproductive period

Blood-colored discharge is often normal in women in the reproductive period, but there are a number of pathological causes that can cause them.

Causes

There are many reasons for the appearance of bloody mucus from the vagina. Some of them do not signal anything, while others speak of pathologies. Before you panic, you should determine what is the cause of this problem. It is possible that it is associated with a wrong lifestyle or a change in hormonal levels.

If the blood after menstruation appeared a week later and passes completely without pain, we can say that there are no pathologies as such, and the blood appeared due to ovulation or hormonal failure. In this case, the woman should not feel any discomfort, unpleasant odor or itching.
She just needs to remember what could have caused the bleeding. Perhaps this is due to sexual intercourse between partners, pregnancy, or a change in hormonal levels.

A completely different picture is observed if blood impurities have become frequent, abundant and cause discomfort. Here, the cause should be sought together with a doctor who will prescribe the necessary additional diagnostics.

Differences between menstruation and uterine bleeding

Discharge with blood during normal menstruation is different from abnormal vaginal secretion. For standard menstruation:

menstruation is odorless;
the amount of blood lost is from 50 to 80 grams for the entire cycle;
the gasket must be replaced no more than once every 2 hours;
color dark red or slightly brown;
the consistency is normal, liquid, without inclusions of mucus, lumps, flakes;
the appearance of discharge necessarily coincides with the days of the expected menstruation.

Blood discharge, but not menstruation, indicates the development of bleeding. Its main difference from menstruation:

the volume exceeds 90 grams per cycle, the development of iron deficiency is possible;
duration - from 7 days or more, and in the second phase of menstruation, the volume of released blood does not decrease;
there is no characteristic smell of blood;
in addition, fever, dizziness, weakness can be observed;
almost continuous release of blood, and not portioned, as with regulations;
bleeding does not necessarily coincide in time with critical days.

The menstrual cycle with metrorrhagia can increase to 35 days or more, or, on the contrary, is reduced by up to 21 days.

The relationship of spotting with the menstrual cycle and menstruation

The appearance of red discharge can occur at different periods of the menstrual cycle, which can cause a number of pathological factors.

Causes of discharge before / after menstruation:

taking hormonal contraceptives or having an intrauterine device;
emergency contraception with pastinor, gynepristone;
severe stress;
unbalanced diet;
insufficient function of the thyroid gland;
imbalance of sex hormones.

In the middle of the cycle, discharge can also occur and normally they occur in 3 out of 10 women, this is due to the onset of the physiological process of ovulation. These selections are characterized by:

a small amount of;
last up to 3 days, but there is no need to use pads and tampons;
mucous membranes are bright red, scarlet or light brown.

Pathological causes of spotting during this period:

trauma;
decreased function of the endocrine glands;
erosion;
polyposis, adenomyosis, fibroids;
inflammatory diseases (endometritis);
STIs (ureoplasmosis, trichomoniasis);
early miscarriage.

When such discharge occurs, it is necessary to pay special attention to your health, namely:

consult a doctor;
undergo ultrasound and fibroscopic examination of the uterus and vagina;
laboratory study of the secret.

Hormonal changes in the body

The hormonal system plays a very important role, since this mechanism determines the work of all processes in the body. It is her coordinated action that regulates the menstrual cycle. Therefore, any imbalance of hormones, especially female ones, primarily affects the reproductive system.

Fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels often cause spotting before menstruation. Most often, this is a brown daub 1–2 days before critical days, which does not cause discomfort, turning into menstruation. This is how progesterone acts on the endometrium, which at this time swells, becomes loose and ready for excretion.

Bloody discharge after menstruation is normal if it ends without a temporary break.

That is, menstruation turns into a brown daub, which continues for several more days. This is how the remnants of clotting blood are released.

Violation of the hormonal background in many cases affects the menstrual cycle, which leads to a delay in critical days, brown or dark discharge instead of them, or their complete absence. This phenomenon is often observed in the first time after menarche and can last up to two years, which is explained by the establishment of the hormonal system. Similar cases are characteristic of the beginning of the menopause until menopause.

Hormonal contraceptives

The action of hormonal contraceptives is aimed at changing the concentration of certain female hormones in order to suppress female fertility. In other words, they artificially cause hormonal failure so that ovulation and conception do not take place. The body always reacts to such manipulations, and in most cases, for the first three months, a woman observes bloody or brown discharge when taking birth control pills.

If such bleeding lasts more than the specified period, then you should consult a doctor.

Secretion during an allergic reaction

Allergic mood of the body leads to a change in the work of almost all systems. The body perceives many familiar substances as foreign, releasing a large amount of histamine into the blood to fight foreign proteins.

The main manifestations are urticaria, dermatitis, development of asthma, hay fever, Quincke's edema. But red discharge, which appears instead of normal menstruation, can also develop against the background of an exacerbation of allergies in women.

The nature of the secretion may change when using hygiene products for washing or processing the external genital organs. If they contain substances to which a woman is allergic, the following symptoms are observed:

skin irritation, swelling, itching, burning;
the development of various skin reactions - rashes, ulcers, papules, excessive dryness;
the appearance of vaginal discharge - usually they have a slightly pink tint, in time they can either coincide with menstruation or appear at any other period of the cycle.

Mucous discharge with streaks in this case is very easy to eliminate - it is enough to use a systemic antihistamine and treat the skin for several days with special creams or ointments.

After insertion of the intrauterine device

Today, the IUD is considered one of the most reliable methods of contraception and is widely used in gynecology not only to prevent pregnancy, but also for the purpose of treatment. When using a spiral, the cervical canal is practically not disturbed, so the risk of bleeding is minimized.

Bleeding, but not menstruation, may occur after the installation of the spiral for the first 3 weeks or less. This is due to the fact that during the introduction, the cervix is mechanically damaged, so the bleeding increases slightly. If heavy bleeding does not stop within 24 hours, it is necessary to visit a doctor.

Slight spotting whites are observed longer. They talk about the successful restoration of the cervix. Usually stop after 5-10 days, but can go until the next menstruation.

The appearance of clots, increased blood secretion, a change in the color of the secretion to green and yellow may indicate a hormonal failure, the addition of a bacterial infection, the development of endometriosis, damage to the neck during installation, trauma to the polyp or erosion during manipulation.

Source: https://topginekolog.ru

Bleeding during pregnancy

Normally, slight bleeding can be a sign of an onset of pregnancy, this is due to the implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine wall and its vessels. Bleeding is scanty, weak, almost imperceptible and occurs a week before the start of the next menstruation, and is often regarded as premature menstruation.

The presence of any discharge with blood (their color, duration and nature is not important) in pregnant women should be regarded as a manifestation of pathology, even in the absence of pain and discomfort.

The reasons may be:

spontaneous abortion;
placenta previa;
threatened miscarriage;
microtrauma of vessels by erosion, tear of the cervix;
premature detachment of a normally located placenta.

All secretions of a bloody nature during this period are very dangerous, as they can suddenly begin, sharply intensify and lead to fatal consequences.

Threatening symptoms:

severe dizziness, loss of consciousness;
sudden decrease in blood pressure and pulse strength;
blanching, profuse sweating.
stomach ache.

When the above symptoms are combined with bleeding, you should immediately call emergency care.

Early postpartum period

In the early postpartum period, all women normally have physiological secretions (lochia), which in appearance resemble rare, diluted blood, bright red in color. In their composition, they combine the remains of the maternal part of the placenta, mucus and blood itself. As a rule, lochia are allocated for 30-35 days, but their duration is often up to 50 days. Normally, their intensity gradually decreases, their color also changes. In the first week, lochia looks very much like menstruation, however, they stand out in much larger quantities. A month later, they become scarce in the form of a “daub”, but by the 8th week, the discharge from the genital tract becomes normal.

Sex and spotting

A dark secret in a small amount with mucus after sexual contact is regarded as a variant of the norm, but if profuse bleeding occurs with pain and discomfort, one should talk about pathology. This type of discharge is called postcoital bleeding.

Medical manipulations and bleeding

Quite a common phenomenon associated with damage to the mucous membrane of the reproductive tract during gynecological procedures, as a rule, does not pose a health hazard. The main thing is that such a slight bleeding should stop within 1-2 days, and the next menstruation usually comes on time.

Instrumental abortion is a more complex gynecological operation. It is always associated with extensive trauma to the vessels of the uterine wall. Medical abortion is also a cause of bleeding. Usually they should pass in a week, a maximum of two after the start of the procedure. After it, the next menstruation comes on time in 90% of women, while the rest may experience a delay of up to two weeks.

menopause period

The menopause period is a transitional stage in a woman's life, starting at the moment of the cessation of menstruation. On average, this occurs at the age of 50-52 years. This is due to a decrease in the natural hormonal background in the female body. On this basis, the physiological involution of the reproductive system takes place. Bloody discharge, as a rule, can occur at the beginning of the menopause period and is characterized by scarcity, dark color, they can last up to several weeks and months. Not infrequently, they can reappear in the first 3-5 years. But it is important to know that the occurrence of any bleeding during the postmenopausal period should be regarded as a dangerous symptom, because it may be associated with the presence of a malignant neoplasm.

In conclusion, it must be said that gynecological bleeding- a serious pathology and only a doctor should deal with its treatment, fortunately, modern medicine in our time is able to cure most of the women's problems. In no case do not self-medicate, even if you think you know the cause of the disease, because an erroneous interpretation of the symptoms often leads to irreparable consequences. And remember, most diseases are easier to prevent than to cure.

Loop normalization

To get rid of specific secretions, to prevent their appearance in the next cycle, you need to establish the root cause. Treatment is selected individually in each case. To eliminate inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, restorative drugs are prescribed. Erosion of the cervix is treated with medication, cauterization. From neoplasms get rid of surgically, hormone therapy.

In the case of using contraceptives for three months, you just need to supervise specialists, to eliminate bleeding, they can recommend a natural tincture of water pepper, which increases blood clotting. In case of hormonal imbalance for other reasons, including menopause, phytohormones are prescribed in the form of capsules, tablets, tinctures for a long course.

Results

Blood (bloody) discharge without pain after menstruation can occur in every woman, and there are various reasons for this. With a normal cycle and one-time discharge phenomena, you should not panic too much. But it is still better to contact a gynecologist and undergo an examination. This will allow you to be confident in your health.

Discharge in women is a physiological process, the severity and intensity of which depends on the phase of the cycle. Depending on the level of sex hormones, the amount and consistency of secretions varies. Normally, they are transparent in color, without an unpleasant odor and impurities of pus or blood. If the secret is modified, this indicates that a failure has occurred in the woman's body that requires treatment. Bloody discharge is often found in gynecological pathologies.

Diseases that are characterized by scanty spotting:

endometritis;
uterine fibroids;
endometrial hyperplasia;
genital infections;
cervical erosion;
dysfunctional uterine bleeding;
use of hormonal contraceptives.

Normal color of discharge in women

Normally, depending on the phase of the woman's menstrual cycle, the color and amount of vaginal secretions differ. The first discharge appears in girls 10-12 years old. The secretions are thin, clear, with a whitish tint, they moisturize the vaginal walls and protect against infectious diseases.

In the first half of the cycle, the secretion is scanty, transparent, almost invisible to a woman. In the middle of the cycle, there are more of them; the amount of mucous secretions increases with sexual arousal. They are greatest during the period of ovulation, after which the volume gradually decreases.

Bloody discharge - features and color options

The secret of brown before menstruation speaks of many pathologies. For example, hormonal imbalance, cervical erosion, endometrial hyperplasia.

Discharge in the form of "meat slop" often accompanies an unpleasant odor. It indicates chronic inflammation of the endometrium.

The appearance of dark spotting discharge after an attack of cramping pain indicates a suspicion of an ectopic pregnancy. Such discharge is associated with rejection of the decidua of the uterus. Complaints are accompanied by weakness, dizziness and delayed menstruation.

If red discharge appears 1-2 days before menstruation or after intercourse, or a gynecological examination, this indicates a suspicion of cervical erosion. At other times they are profuse, yellowish or cloudy, often streaked with blood.

Pathological causes of blood in the discharge

In the event of pathological processes or disturbances in the work of female hormones, regardless of menstruation, there are spotting from the vagina. It is impossible to predict the period of their termination. Reasons for the appearance of blood:

implantation observed during conception, when the embryo is attached to the wall of the uterus. Scanty spotting lasts for several days;
pathological course of pregnancy. At the beginning of gestation, scanty bleeding indicates an ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage. After the 30th week of pregnancy, they warn of the threat of placental abruption, premature birth;
irregular menstrual cycle and ovulation period;
uncontrolled use of contraceptives;
setting an intrauterine device, which has an irritating effect on the wall of the uterus.

A common cause of spotting in women is gynecological diseases, namely:

endometriosis - growth of the endometrium, the inner layer of the uterus;
uterine fibroids - a benign formation in the muscle layer of the organ;
polycystic ovary syndrome;
malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system;
endometrial hyperplasia - a violation of the layered structure of the inner wall of the uterus;
cervicitis is an inflammatory process that is localized in the cervix;
infectious diseases of the female reproductive system.

In addition to the above reasons, spotting is a consequence of hormonal disorders, poor blood clotting. If the meager discharge of blood is not of a menstrual nature, is not associated with an intrauterine device and the use of combined oral contraceptives, then additional studies are required. They are aimed at identifying pathologies and inflammatory processes in the female reproductive system.

When spotting is normal

During ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovary), a mucous secretion with pink or brown hues is possible. These meager discharges are harmless and last 1-2 days. When the blood is fresh, they are pink, if the blood is old, a brown tint is possible.

Brown and bloody discharge at the end of the cycle, which lasts a long time and turns into menstruation, is a reason for consulting a gynecologist, because such a condition is not the norm.

Risk factors

Risk factors for bleeding in women include the presence of gynecological pathology that has not been treated. Also included in this group are women who have an intrauterine device and those who take oral contraceptives. Girls with irregular menstrual cycles and promiscuous sex life are prone to appearance. Bloody secretions. Women with cancer are also at risk.

Associated symptoms in various diseases

Bleeding is not an isolated symptom. In various diseases, accompanying complaints join it. If there are sexually transmitted infections, the clinical picture looks like this:

pain in the lower abdomen;
the appearance of bloody discharge with an unpleasant odor;
itching in the perineum;
burning sensation when urinating;
pain during intercourse;
increase in body temperature.

Gynecological diseases are accompanied by pain, a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen and a change in the nature of vaginal mucus. Malignant diseases of the female reproductive system in the later stages accompany the depletion of the body and the presence of a visible tumor. Also, with an increase in pressure on the pelvic organs, their dysfunction occurs, the process of urination is disturbed.

Discharge in girls

Until the age of 11, girls should not have any discharge from the genitals. The child's body is still being formed, the hormonal system is adjusting its work. Therefore, the appearance of vaginal secretion of a bloody nature on the linen is an alarming bell, which indicates a malfunction in the work of the child's body.

If bloody discharge appears in newborn girls, this indicates an infectious pathology of organs located nearby, excessively early puberty, and the movement of inflammation from the rectum. The infection spreads and develops quickly, since the girl's microflora does not contain lactic acid bacteria. Inflammation of the labia and vagina is called vulvovaginitis. As the girl grows older, the condition occurs due to ignoring the rules of personal hygiene.

Doctor's advice! The appearance of vaginal discharge in girls (under the age of 11 years) is a reason to contact a pediatric gynecologist for examination and diagnosis.

Scanty spotting in young girls

Pubertal or juvenile bleeding is called spotting in girls aged 12 to 18 years. This condition is associated with a violation of the menstrual function of the girl and hormonal imbalance of the ovaries. This is the most complex pathology of puberty. Sometimes juvenile bleeding coincides with menstruation, and they are determined by the amount of blood released. In other cases, they appear before or after menstruation. Usually discharge occurs 2-3 years after the first menstruation. If the discharge is painful, profuse, irregular - this is a reason to contact a pediatric gynecologist. This condition must be treated so that in the future the girl does not have problems with bearing and giving birth to children.

Discharge during pregnancy

The minimum deviation in the state of health of a pregnant woman, the appearance of spotting, abdominal pain indicate that a failure has occurred inside the body that requires correction.

Allocations with blood threaten miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, premature detachment of the placenta. If discharge appears in any trimester of pregnancy, this is an occasion to contact an obstetrician-gynecologist. The causes of discharge can be varied and speak of implantation or classical blood loss. Implantation bleeding indicates early pregnancy. If you do not consult a doctor in time and do not conduct additional studies, the pregnancy may end prematurely.

In the first half of pregnancy, a lack of progesterone is a common cause of spotting. In the second trimester, the reason for their appearance is the action of the hormone estrogen. In the third, it says that the mucous plug will soon come off and childbirth will begin. In any case, discharge during pregnancy should not be ignored, because they may indicate a pathological process.

postpartum discharge

The discharge of vaginal blood after childbirth is a normal phenomenon, which is called “lochia”. They consist of dead endometrial cells, which are formed due to detachment of the placenta. In the postpartum week, the discharge is abundant, bright red in color with bloody clots. Lochia appears after pregnancy in all women, regardless of whether she gave birth herself or used surgery. Gradually, their color darkens, they become brown, then light brown and finally transparent. The first normal menstruation begins after 3-5 months, during or after breastfeeding.

If after childbirth, for 10 days, the discharge remains bright red, has clots, the condition is accompanied by weakness and fever, this is an alarming sign. You should immediately contact your doctor - he will conduct an examination in the mirrors and prescribe an ultrasound.

Postpartum recovery slows down if a woman has concomitant inflammatory diseases, bleeding disorders, uterine bending, fibroids and other pathologies. Sudden bleeding may begin if the placenta is not completely delivered. In this condition, cleaning of the uterus with a curette is indicated. Abundant discharge after childbirth appears if there was a history of rupture of the uterus and vagina.

Bleeding after an abortion

After a surgical termination of pregnancy, bleeding lasts about 10 days. If the fruiting egg was removed by a vacuum extractor - 3-5 days. During this time, the nature of the discharge changes from dark brown to transparent. If the discharge does not stop, accompanied by an unpleasant odor and pain, this indicates the presence of problems and the need to consult a doctor.

Bloody discharge after sex

In healthy women, spotting after sex appears if a sufficient amount of natural lubricant has not been released, and the mucous membrane has been injured. Sometimes this condition indicates the presence of gynecological pathology. These are the following diseases:

vaginitis;
cervical erosion;
ovarian cysts.

When bleeding occurs regularly after sex, this is the reason to see a doctor.

Scanty spotting with menopause

Menopause, or menopause, is the period in a woman's life, which is characterized by the end of her reproductive function. This is a gradual process that takes about a year. Allocations of a menstrual nature become small and occur once every 2-5 months, up to complete disappearance. If frequent bloody discharge appears during menopause, you need to find out the cause. It lies in the intake of hormonal drugs, infectious diseases of the female reproductive system, oncological pathologies.

The lack of natural lubrication and a sufficient level of sex hormones leads to the fact that the female body is more susceptible to infectious agents. During this period, it is necessary to be observed by a gynecologist and take drugs containing hormones.

Scanty spotting after taking contraceptives

Due to the use of hormonal contraceptives, small bleeding may occur between periods. This is due to the fact that the uterine lining has never received such an amount of hormones that began to enter the female body with pills. The duration of discharge is normal - from 1 to 3 months, after which the body gets used to a new source of hormonal substances and stops reacting with spotting. After menstruation, they are observed in women and girls who use not only pills, but also vaginal rings, hormonal patches.

Bleeding with an intrauterine device

After installing the spiral, bloody smearing for a week is considered the norm. If they are accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen and an increase in secretions, this indicates a pathology. The reason for this is the incorrect setting of the spiral, damage to blood vessels, oral contraceptives, uterine bleeding.

One of the causes of spotting is intolerance to the material from which the spiral is made. It is impossible to determine the cause of bleeding on your own. It is necessary to pass tests and conduct a set of additional studies.

Which doctor and when to contact

With the appearance of abnormal profuse spotting, accompanied by pain, an unpleasant odor and their presence between menstruation, a gynecologist's consultation is mandatory. The doctor will prescribe a set of necessary studies that will help identify the cause of bleeding. After that, the tactics of further therapy are determined. In the presence of hormonal disorders in the female body, treatment is carried out in tandem with an endocrinologist.

Diagnostics

The appearance of spotting requires a consultation with a gynecologist. The doctor will ask about the color, consistency, smell of discharge, and conduct a gynecological examination. For diagnosis, you need to pass a general blood test, make smears of secretions for purity and bacteriological examination.

Among the instrumental diagnostic methods are prescribed:

ultrasonography;
hysteroscopy;
biopsy;
colposcopy.

Ultrasound examination of the female reproductive system is carried out in two ways: transvaginally and abdominally. The first method is the introduction of a special sensor into the vagina, which takes pictures from the side of the cervix. For the second method, before diagnosis, drink 0.5 liters of water, and the study is carried out through the anterior abdominal wall.

Hysteroscopy is a research method that assesses the condition of the inner layer of the uterus - the endometrium.

Colposcopy helps to conduct an instrumental examination of the cervix from any angle.

Important! Bloody scanty discharge in women is a symptom often found in gynecological practice. It occurs due to infectious diseases of the genital area, hormonal imbalance, endocrine pathology. Treatment depends on the primary disease that caused the bleeding.

Treatment

Therapy is of two types: planned and emergency. Immediate medical intervention is necessary when there is a risk of bleeding, a threatened miscarriage, cancer, or an ectopic pregnancy. The methodology and tactics of therapy are selected depending on the causes that caused bleeding. With heavy bleeding, the attack is first stopped, and then the cause of its occurrence is looked for.

If a violation of the level of hormones is detected, conservative treatment is carried out. Prescribe drugs that regulate the functioning of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries. Hemostatic drugs and vitamins are also shown.

If the condition does not pose a threat to the life of the patient, she is treated at home or in a hospital. In severe cases, surgical intervention is used.

Alternative treatment

Non-traditional methods are also used for treatment:

orange. To stop the bleeding from the uterus, the peeled skin of 6-7 oranges is boiled in 1.5 liters of water until half a liter of decoction remains. Add a few tablespoons of sugar to taste. Take 4 teaspoons three times a day;
nettle. One tablespoon of dried nettle leaves is poured with a glass of boiling water, boiled for 10 minutes over low heat, cooled and filtered. Drink the resulting mixture should be 1 tablespoon 4-5 times a day. You can simplify the process by taking nettle extract, which is bought at a pharmacy. It is taken 30 drops half an hour before meals, dissolved in 1/4 cup of water;
viburnum. The juice of viburnum berries is squeezed through a dense cloth, mixed with sugar in the following proportion: for 1 liter of juice - 2 kg of sugar. Take 2-3 tablespoons three times a day. You can insist dry berries with the calculation of 4 tablespoons of viburnum per half-liter thermos. Liquid extract of viburnum is taken 30 drops per day;
licorice, peony, marshmallow, dandelion and burdock roots. Two tablespoons of the collection fall asleep in a thermos and pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, insist overnight. Take 1/3 cup 5 times a day before meals. The course of treatment is 3 months.

Non-traditional methods of treatment are used after consulting a gynecologist. The doctor will tell you about all the possible consequences of using medicinal plants. It is worth remembering that non-traditional methods of treatment are used in combination with the therapy prescribed by the doctor.

Consequences and complications

If you ignore a visit to the doctor, spotting will lead to intrauterine bleeding, which can be fatal. The consequence of ignoring treatment can be infertility, as well as malignant degeneration of the tumor.

Forecast

With timely seeking medical help and following the recommendations of the gynecologist, the prognosis for recovery, life and performance is very favorable.

Prevention

A healthy lifestyle is the prevention of many diseases. Gynecology is no exception. It is enough to reconsider the mode of rest and work, normalize nutrition and give up bad habits.

Annual preventive examinations by a gynecologist help to detect diseases in the early stages, even before the onset of symptoms of the disease. Women's health is a fragile thing that should be protected, because the treatment of diseases is an unpleasant and lengthy process. Every girl wants to know the happiness of motherhood, and for this to be possible, it is important to be sensitive to your health from a young age.

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