Giardiasis in adults: treatment regimen and first symptoms. Methods for treating Giardia in adults How to properly treat Giardiasis in adults

Treatment of giardiasis in adults can be quite complex and not always effective. This is due to the possibility of re-infection, the need to comply with several long stages of treatment and the lack of effect of medications in case of early interruption of prescribed therapy.

General principles of treatment

An infectious disease doctor or family doctor knows how to treat Giardia. The expected result can only be obtained if certain stages of treatment are followed. These steps include:

• preparation for treatment (normalization of the digestive canal, reducing the severity of allergic reactions, improving bile secretion, detoxification);
• the actual destruction of protozoa;
• consolidation of the obtained effect, complete removal of toxic products from the patient’s body.

In the complex treatment of giardiasis in an adult, drugs of different effects and different pharmacological groups are used, so independent treatment is unacceptable. Another feature of therapy for an adult is the need to prescribe powerful, most modern drugs, since there is resistance to simpler substances used in pediatric practice, and, therefore, the lack of the necessary therapeutic effect.

When and how to treat Giardia? Everything is determined by the stage of the process. If Giardia (cysts) are discovered by chance during a stool test for protozoa, but the person does not feel any discomfort, then most likely this is a carrier state that does not require medical intervention.

If a person has been bothered by headaches, an unexplained allergic rash or disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract for a certain time and Giardia is detected in the feces, then this is a reason for mandatory immediate treatment. It is necessary to describe in detail to the doctor all complaints, taking into account which drugs of one or another pharmacological group will be prescribed.

Preparatory stage of treatment of giardiasis

• reducing the amount of carbohydrates and fats (especially in the form of margarine, lard and shortening);
• increasing the amount of protein component;
• inclusion in the diet of seasonal vegetables and fruits, cereal dishes (porridges, casseroles, puddings);
• mandatory daily consumption of any fermented milk products;
• fractional meals, that is, taking any dishes in small portions at short (4 - 4.5 hours) time intervals;
• Fatty varieties of fish and meat, legumes and mushrooms, smoked and pickled foods, marinades, eggs and almost all types of sweets (except marmalade, honey and marshmallows) are strictly not recommended.

• antiallergic drugs (Loratadine, Fexofenadine, Fenkarol, Ebastine);
• choleretic agents (special herbs, herbal teas and blind probing techniques are suitable);
• enterosorbents (regular activated and white carbon, Enterosgel, Polysorb), which bind and accelerate the excretion of toxic waste products of Giardia;
• if necessary, any enzyme preparations that improve the processes of digestion of nutrients (any variants of pancreatin).

Often, upon completion of the preparatory stage of treatment, adults experience an improvement in well-being. You should not stop there, Giardia will not disappear on its own, without exposure to antimicrobial agents, so the next stage of therapy is necessary.

Modern treatment regimens for giardiasis suggest using the following groups of drugs:

• nitrofurans (Furazolidone, Nifuratel);
• nitroimidazole group (Tinidazole, Ornidazole, Metronidazole);
• benzimidazole group (Albendazole).

The doctor decides what to treat and what specific drug to choose. Many drugs have quite serious side effects. All these drugs are contraindicated in pregnant women. The safest drug is Macmiror (active ingredient - nifuratel). The effectiveness of Metronidazole and Furazolidone in adult patients is not very high, so these medications are rarely used.

It implies the complete elimination of all disorders that have arisen in the human body as a result of the action of Giardia. The following groups of drugs are used for this:

• probiotics or prebiotics;
• multivitamin complexes;
• immunomodulators (for example, Lykopid or Polyoxidonium).

The rules of a healthy lifestyle and preventive measures introduced will help you forget forever the question of how to cure Giardia.

To become infected, it is enough to swallow several dozen cysts (the patient secretes millions of them per day, so you can imagine the likelihood of infecting others if he does not follow the rules of personal hygiene). After entering the small intestine, each cyst is divided into two halves, from which two lamblia are formed, which also begin to actively multiply.

The likelihood of developing clinical giardiasis is influenced by a number of factors:

• state of human immunity;
• acidity of gastric juice (low acidity contributes to high activity of Giardia and the manifestation of giardiasis);
• the presence of problems with the secretion of bile (if there is not enough of it in the small intestine, it will be easier for Giardia to take root in the body).

In their shape, vegetative Giardia resembles a pear. They are characterized by the presence of flagella and suction cups, which ensure their attachment to the intestinal mucosa.

Infection with worms can occur in several ways:

• water;
• food;
• contact and household.

Giardia can enter the body in various ways. That is why a person is advised to be careful about his lifestyle.

Complications of giardiasis are:

• intestinal disorders due to irritation of the intestinal walls (flatulence, change in stool character, abdominal pain);
• stomach irritation (epigastric pain, heartburn, nausea);
• dysbacteriosis;
• development of pathogens in the intestines;
• the presence of constant allergic reactions.

To eliminate the effects of Giardia on the body of an adult, it is necessary:

Education: in 2008, he received a diploma in the specialty “General Medicine (Therapeutic and Preventive Care)” at the Russian Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov. I immediately completed an internship and received a diploma as a therapist.

Other doctors

Onions and garlic provide 80% protection against colon cancer

They retain the ability to invade for up to 3 weeks (staying in soil) or even up to 3 months (in water and milk). Thus, when consuming foods that contain many microorganisms, a person is at risk of developing the disease.

photo of Giardia under a microscope

Where does Giardia come from in the human body? Anyone can become infected with them, regardless of age and gender. Causes:

• Drinking raw water.
• Swimming in open waters.
• Dirty food.
• Through household items.
• From animals and insects that carry them.

• The absorption and digestion of fats is impaired. The body stops receiving the required amount of vitamins and minerals.
• Hypoglycemia develops.
• A bacterial infection occurs.
• The activity of intestinal motility is disrupted.

How can you get infected?

Ways of Giardia to enter the body:

1. Water - you can become infected by drinking insufficiently purified tap water or water from open reservoirs;
2. Contact household - pathogens accumulate on the surface of household items: toys, dishes, linen, clothes;
3. Food – sources of contamination are a variety of food products. Giardiasis is especially often detected after eating food that has not undergone heat treatment: vegetables, fruits, berries.

Why is giardiasis dangerous in children?

It is important to understand why microscopic Giardia is dangerous in order to prevent its appearance or spread along the intestinal walls. General symptoms:

• Pain in the hypochondrium on the right side and in the navel area.
• Flatulence.
• A feeling of fullness in the stomach, which is often accompanied by nausea.
• Clear loss of appetite.
• Defecation becomes more frequent (up to 5 times/day).
• The character of the stool changes: liquid, semi-formed, fatty.
• Vomiting, belching.

A typical symptom of giardiasis in adults is gastrointestinal syndrome

Symptoms vary with different forms of the disease. First, giardiasis is diagnosed. If the intestinal form is confirmed, the pain is localized in the hypochondrium; with the hepatobiliary form, pain is felt in the navel area and when pressing on the gallbladder. In this case, bitterness appears in the mouth, jaundice may appear, and itching occurs.

A week after an exacerbation of giardiasis in adults, treatment leads to recovery or the disease becomes chronic. When diagnosing giardiasis, one should rely on the symptoms:

• General deterioration of the body's condition. In adolescents, development (height, weight) stops or significantly slows down.
• Inflammatory processes: colitis, cholecystitis.
• There is a noticeable disturbance in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract: irregular stools with a changed structure, nausea, constant abdominal pain, worsening appetite.
• Headaches appear.
• The more Giardia, the more pronounced the symptoms: loss of strength, feeling of a coated tongue, hives, itching and other manifestations of allergies.
• Giardia in the small intestine over time provokes the development of asthma and arthritis.

Complications

In some cases, there is a deterioration in the patient's condition. In this case, common manifestations are identified:

1. Symptom of irritable bowel.
2. Enzymopathy (in a secondary form), which is provoked by a violation of intracellular metabolic processes.
3. As a result of the development of intestinal dyskinesia, dysbiotic abnormalities appear.
4. Staphylococcus and fungal spores appear in the small intestine. These factors contribute to an increase in the intensity of division of protozoan microorganisms.

Giardia in the liver

The patient feels that something is wrong when discomfort appears in the navel area and lower abdomen. If this is ignored, the following is added:

• the intestines are swollen;
• a coating appears on the tongue;
• the borders of the liver increase, as can be seen on ultrasound;
• belching, loss of appetite, flatulence are observed;
• constipation alternates with diarrhea;
• heart rhythm is disturbed;
• sleep becomes worse, headache, fatigue worries;
• sometimes allergies appear;
• conjunctivitis and blepharitis are possible.

In the gallbladder

Giardia in adults, symptoms and treatment depend on the form of giardiasis.

Giardiasis of the intestine occurs according to the following type:

• duodenitis;
• enteritis;
• duodenal dyskinesia.

The intestinal form of giardiasis is manifested by symptoms:

• pain in the abdominal area;
• nausea;
• belching;
• unstable stool (in adults there is massive diarrhea);
• bloating, feeling of fullness;
• fever;
• loss of appetite;
• heartburn.

If the treatment of giardia in adults has been debugged for a long time or it was not possible to diagnose giardiasis in time, then over time the person develops neurotic symptoms:

1. feeling unwell, weakness;
2. dizziness;
3. heartache;
4. fatigue;
5. headache;
6. irritability.

Due to the fact that Giardia is a foreign organism that settles in the intestine, lives and develops in it and releases toxic products for the human body, intoxication occurs.

Because of this, giardiasis may be accompanied by symptoms of an allergic reaction:

• rash and itching of the skin;
• asthma and bronchitis;
• rhinorrhea (watery discharge from the nose);
• urticaria (manifested by the appearance of blisters on the skin, which disappear without a trace over time, and in some cases, Quincke's edema);
• dermatitis, eczema;
• conjunctivitis;
• blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids on both sides, manifested by redness, itching of the eyelids, a feeling of sand in the eyes, foamy (purulent) discharge).

When treating Giardia in adults, drugs cause their mass death, resulting in the release of toxins from dead cells, which leads to even greater intoxication of the body and exacerbation of allergic manifestations.

Once in the body, Giardia cysts penetrate into the blood through the gastrointestinal tract and then enter the liver, its ducts and gall bladder by hematogenous route.

Giardiasis of the liver is manifested by such symptoms as:

• dyspeptic (nausea, vomiting, stool disorders);
• feeling of heaviness, fullness in the stomach;
• presence of heartburn;
• pain in the epigastrium and liver projection area;
• change in sclera color (jaundice);
• the presence of dark circles under the eyes;
• allergic manifestations;
• cheilitis (lip jams);
• symptoms of general malaise and intoxication.

During the course of the disease, the patient experiences disturbances in the digestive system. Patients complain of the appearance of:

• heartburn;
• belching;
• nausea and vomiting;
• abdominal pain;
• lack of appetite.

The disease is accompanied by stool disorder. Constipation may be followed by diarrhea. The pathological process quite often leads to swelling and increased sweating. The patient's skin is characterized by dryness and pallor. They may experience peeling.

During the course of the pathological process, people note the appearance of unmotivated fatigue.

Quite often the pathological process is accompanied by headaches and dizziness. With giardiasis, the development of depression, insomnia, and nervous disorders can be diagnosed.

The disease can develop not only in adult patients, but also in children. In this case, emergency treatment is recommended. Young patients must adhere to a diet. During this period, the consumption of flour products, milk, carbonated drinks, and baked goods is strictly prohibited.

• albendazole;
• nemozola;
• Makmir, etc.

It is worth noting: therapy for giardiasis in children must be comprehensive, which will guarantee its effectiveness.

A person encounters lamblia much more often than he would like, and these meetings do not bring him anything good.

To avoid invasion or, in any case, reduce its consequences, it is necessary to have at least a general idea of ​​why they are dangerous and which ones are best to take, and what preventive measures exist. This will be discussed below.

Giardiasis is treated with narrow- and broad-spectrum medications. They are produced in the form of suspensions, tablets and suppositories.

Effective and inexpensive drugs act against mature individuals and their larvae located in the intestines. Adults take them once in tablet form. Children benefit from suspensions that are easier to swallow.

How to recognize the disease

Necessary diagnostic methods for suspected giardiasis:

1. Morphological examination of a biopsy taken during endoscopy.
2. PCR diagnostics of stool to detect pathogen antigens in the studied biomaterial.
3. Duodenal sounding with microscopic analysis of the contents. It also confirms the presence of Giardia in duodenal juice.
4. Immunodiffusion is a new, more specific method of immune diagnostics compared to ELISA, based on the study of the precipitation reaction and allowing the detection of antibodies to the pathogen.
5. Enzyme immunoassay blood test - laboratory isolation of specific IgM class antibodies to Giardia from blood serum.
6. Immunoelectrophoresis is a combined method that combines immunoprecipitation and electrophoresis. The antigenic composition of the biomaterial is being studied.
7. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA. Used in the diagnosis of giardiasis and other infections.
8. Protozoological examination of feces. When examining native or Lugol-stained smears from freshly excreted feces under a microscope, trophozoites and Giardia cysts are detected. For reliability, multiple tests are required, carried out from 2 to 7 times with an interval between tests of 1–2 days.

An infectious disease specialist is involved in the diagnosis and treatment of giardiasis. Recognition of this protozoal invasion is difficult due to the variety of clinical manifestations and their nonspecificity. The diagnosis requires mandatory laboratory confirmation.

Stool examinations

A scatological examination involves taking stool and searching for Giardia cysts in it using a microscope. If infection occurs, the cysts, in most cases, are detected immediately. However, it also happens that a specific portion of feces in an infected person may not have traces of Giardia, so it is advisable to carry out several samples of material (4 - 5) with an interval of one week.

Duodenal endoscopy allows you to obtain a more adequate picture of the patient’s intestinal condition. To confirm the diagnosis, a small amount of contents is taken from the cavity of the small intestine with a special probe and examined under a microscope. Experts assure that the most effective method of duodenal examination is to collect the contents of the duodenum using a vacuum method using a three-channel probe.

The latter are microscopic organisms from the flagellate family. They most often live in the small intestine or duodenum. These parasites must be dealt with in a timely manner and the disease not spread. So, how to treat Giardia in adults: special preparations and folk remedies - further in the article.

What are Giardia?

If hygiene standards are not observed, through dirty hands, through dirty towels, food, household items, as well as through the consumption of unwashed vegetables and fruits, unboiled water, cysts penetrate into the human body.

It is important! Attaching to the intestines, Giardia feeds on all substances beneficial to humans: vitamins, amino acids, fats and microelements, weakening the body.

What symptoms may indicate the presence of lamblia in the body?

Before you figure out how to treat Giardia in adults, you need to learn about the symptoms of infection. People with high acidity are less likely to become infected with Giardia.

The main symptoms of infection include:

• decreased appetite;
• weight loss;
• pain and rumbling in the stomach;
• bloating;
• nausea;
• dizziness;
• headache;
• foamy stool;
• seizures in the corners of the lips;
• sleep disturbance;
• increased sweating;
• weakness.

It is important! An indicator of the presence of Giardia in the body is the detection of mucus and bile residues in the stool.

Treatment of Giardia with medications

Before you start taking medications, you first need to go through a preparatory stage. It involves eliminating vomiting and diarrhea, as well as taking drugs - enterosorbents. They perform the function of detoxifying the body and speed up intestinal metabolism.

These include:

• Polysorb;
• Enterosgel;
• Activated carbon.

It is useful to drink enzyme preparations that help digest food - these are:

• Pancreatin;
• Festal;
• Mezim forte;
• Creon.

At this stage, it is recommended to consume less carbohydrate foods and sweets, since they are the main food for Giardia, and to increase the consumption of proteins, it is recommended to drink mineral water, heating it a little, it is necessary to eat less dairy products and increase the consumption of products containing pectin. This stage is mandatory; you cannot immediately start treatment with medications. It facilitates treatment without complications and complete elimination of lamblia. Its duration ranges from 10 to 14 days.

It is advisable to purchase medications that will have a milder effect and cause minimal harm to the body. To reduce intoxication during this stage, it is necessary to take additional Smecta. When tested after 3 weeks, Giardia is most often not detected.

The most prescribed medications are:

• Pyrantel;
• Furazolidone;
• Tinidazole;
• McMiror;
• Dekaris;
• Vermox;
• Nemozol.

It is important! The most modern and effective medicines are Mikmiror and Nemozol.

After the treatment of Giardia in adults with drugs is completed, it is necessary to go through the last stage, which will help the body to rehabilitate.

Prescribed:

• Enterol, which will help restore intestinal microflora after antibiotic treatment;
• multivitamins;
• enzymes.

• boiled lean meat and fish;
• low-fat fermented milk products;
• fruits;
• berries;
• vegetables;
• greenery.
• It is advisable to drink more different drinks and water to speed up the removal of toxins from the body.

Treatment of Giardia with folk remedies

Since treating Giardia in adults with folk remedies is becoming increasingly popular, it is worth noting that you should not hope for a complete recovery. They can only help you recover quickly. It has been noted that Giardia does not like an acidic environment, so the consumption of acidic foods is recommended. It is useful to eat sauerkraut, drink tea with lemon, as well as cranberry juice.

Consumption of Giardia prevents the development of Giardia; they should be added to salads or other ready-made dishes:

• garlic;
• horseradish;
• radishes.

Pumpkin seeds are considered an excellent means of removing Giardia. They need to be eaten in peeled form, one glass. Then do not drink for about 3 hours. This type of treatment is repeated 3 times in a row, for 3 days. It is recommended to take laxatives at night to actively cleanse the body.

Among the medicinal herbs that remove Giardia, the most popular are:

• mint;
• cinquefoil;
• immortelle;
• elecampane.

These herbs are mixed in equal proportions and brewed 1 tablespoon per glass, and taken 3 times a day, half a glass.

Giardiasis infection

Giardia infection occurs through the fecal-oral mechanism. This means that when cysts come out of the anus, they can spread further into the environment, ending up on vegetables, fruits and other foods.

The spread of giardiasis is more often diagnosed in children of primary school age (possibly because adults pay more attention to the health of their children than their own, and therefore children are tested more often). Those adults and children who live in a private house with a toilet on the street are at greatest risk of contracting giardiasis.

Giardiasis in adults is often diagnosed among hunters of wild animals (predators), as well as in those who eat the meat of predators.

Diagnosis of giardiasis in adults

To make a diagnosis, several methods are used, the main of which is the detection of Giardia cysts in the patient’s stool, in the contents of the duodenum, or by taking a piece of small intestinal tissue (biopsy).

To exclude the diagnosis of “giardiasis” in the chronic course of the disease, repeat stool tests are taken at intervals of seven days for four to five weeks.

Enterotest

Intestinal biopsy

Immunological diagnosis of giardiasis

The method of immunological diagnosis of giardiasis is based on the determination of specific antibodies in the blood aimed at combating foreign microorganisms. Antibodies (immunoglobulins) are special proteins with the properties of neutralizing harmful bacteria, viruses and other pathological agents that have entered the human body.

Immunoglobulins are abbreviated by the Latin letters Ig.

1. If IgM is detected, this means that there is an acute phase of the pathological process.
2. If IgG is detected, this indicates a chronic process
3. If high concentrations of IgM and G are detected, this means that the patient is chronically ill with giardiasis and is currently experiencing an exacerbation of giardiasis.

New technologies make it possible to determine the presence of specific antibodies in stool. For these purposes, the following immune diagnostic methods are used: immunoelectrophoresis, immunodiffusion, ELISA.

Giardiasis - treatment

Treatment of giardiasis usually takes place in 3 stages:

How is giardiasis treated?

At the first stage of treatment of giardiasis, drugs are used - enterosorbents, which help reduce the toxic load on the body.

Unlike traditionally prescribed drugs, This parapharmaceutical is absolutely non-toxic to humans. In this regard, the drug can be used not only after diagnosis, but also for the prevention of giardiasis (as described above, the diagnostic procedure is quite complicated).

The oligonucleotides and proteases included in the drug have a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, ensure the absence of toxicity and allergenicity, increase the effectiveness of aspen bark extract, increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood, and reduce intoxication syndrome. Aspen bark extract in the composition of the drug improves (normalizes) the chemical composition of bile

Numerous evidence of positive results from the use of Biosinol has been obtained for acute and chronic opisthorchiasis, giardiasis and helminthiasis. Confirmation of the effectiveness of the drug is proven by repeated clinical laboratory examinations.

Giardiasis is a fairly common disease that falls into the category of chronic infections. The disease most often occurs in children, but adult patients can also suffer from it. It is recommended to promptly treat giardiasis in adults. The treatment regimen should be developed only by a doctor, which will ensure a high effect.

Basic treatment regimen for the disease

In order to directly influence the causative agents of the disease, it is necessary to take appropriate medications. It is recommended to strictly adhere to the scheme. It consists of the patient undergoing three courses.

The first stage is aimed at eliminating internal intoxication, strengthening the immune system, and stimulating the enzymatic function of the intestines. During this period, the patient must strictly adhere to the recommendations for taking medications. During this period, the patient is prescribed medications in the form of:

• sorbent medicinal preparations: smecta, activated carbon, bilignin, polysorb, etc.;
• choleretic drugs, which are used to eliminate congestion in the gallbladder: xylitol, magnesium sulfate, sorbitol, etc.;
• enzyme medications such as Festal, Panzinorm, Creon, multienzyme, etc.

At the third stage of treatment, medications are taken whose action is aimed at strengthening the immune system. In this case, everything possible must be done to prevent the development of the disease in the intestines. That is why patients are provided with proper nutrition. They are recommended to eat berries, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products in large quantities.

Also during this period it is necessary to drink tea, which is prepared on the basis of birch buds. This medication should be taken daily. The course of treatment using tea is one month. In order to strengthen the immune system, it is recommended to take probiotics and enzyme preparations:

• mezima;
• lactobacterin;
• pancreasima;
• lacto-moon;
• bificol, etc.

This treatment regimen is the most effective in the treatment of giardiasis. That is why patients must strictly adhere to it in order to eliminate the infectious disease as quickly as possible.

Treatment of chronic giardiasis in adults: treatment regimen

If, with giardiasis, the patient is not provided with timely elimination of the disease, this will lead to the disease becoming chronic. It is characterized not only by a complex course, but also by treatment. The treatment regimen in this case also consists of three stages, but differs slightly in the drugs.

At the first stage, the patient is recommended to follow a diet. Foods that contain large quantities of simple carbohydrates should be excluded from your diet. Also, do not consume sweet dairy and flour products. In the first stage of elimination, the patient is recommended to eat boiled or baked vegetables and fruits.

Also, eliminating the disease at this stage involves the use of the following medications:

1. Choleretic drugs that eliminate congestion in the gallbladder: xylitol, mannitol, sorbitol.
2. Cholespasmolytics, with their help, the bile ducts relax: duspalin, platifillin, aminophylline.
3. Enzymes: mezim-forte, festal, pancreatin.
4. Enterosorbents: bilignin, reaban, polyphepan, etc.

At the third stage, the patient’s body’s defenses are increased. For this purpose, bacterial preparations are taken in the form of acidophilus, bifidumbacterin, bificol, colibacterin, etc. Also, patients at this stage of faradization are recommended to take enzymatic preparations in the form of pancreatin, hilak-forte, mezim, festal.

After treatment for chronic giardiasis is completed, relapses may occur in some cases. That is why long-term monitoring of patients after completion of faradization is recommended.

Treatment of giardiasis in adults: treatment regimen with nemozol

To faradize the disease, it is necessary to use only highly effective drugs. Also, the drug must be as safe as possible, which allows it to be used for faradization of any category of patients. One of these medications is nemozol.

Important! Despite the high level of effectiveness of nemozol, it is characterized by the presence of contraindications.

Taking the drug is strictly prohibited for the fairer sex during pregnancy. It is also not recommended to use the drug if the patient is diagnosed with retinal disease. If a patient has an individual intolerance to certain components of the drug, then it is not taken. Doctors are quite careful in prescribing Nemozol to patients who have been diagnosed with liver dysfunction.

The medication should be taken during meals. You need to take the medication once a day, one 400 milligram tablet. The course of treatment for adult patients with the drug is five days.

Traditional medicine may have side effects in some patients such as allergic reactions, itching, and skin rashes. Patients may also complain of dizziness. In some cases, an increase in body temperature is observed when taking this medication. Patients may also experience instability in blood pressure. Quite a serious side effect is disturbances in kidney function.

Nemozol belongs to the category of fairly effective medicines that help eliminate giardiasis. To avoid side effects, the drug should be prescribed only by a doctor who takes into account the individual characteristics of patients and side effects.

Treatment of giardiasis in adults: treatment regimen with trichopolum

Trichopolum is often used to eliminate giardiasis in adult patients. It belongs to the category of antiprotozoal drugs and has antibacterial activity. The drug is released in the form of tablets. That is why it is taken orally with plenty of water.

The medication should be taken three times a day. A single dose of the drug is 250 milligrams or one tablet. The medication must be taken for seven days.

Also, to eliminate giardiasis with trichopolum, another scheme can be used. In accordance with it, the patient needs to take three tablets of the drug in the morning and five tablets in the evening. The third option is to take eight tablets (2000 milligrams) of the drug in one day. The course of treatment according to this regimen should continue for two days.

Trichopolum has a high effect, but at the same time has contraindications. Patients are strictly prohibited from using the drug to eliminate giardiasis during leukopenia. In case of organic lesions of the central nervous system, taking Trichopolum is prohibited. It is not recommended to use the drug to eliminate giardiasis in liver failure. If a patient has an increased sensitivity to Trichopolum, then its use is not recommended.

Trichopolum is a highly effective drug used to eliminate Giardia in the human body. The drug should be taken in accordance with the doctor's instructions.

Use of traditional methods of treatment

To eliminate giardiasis, a treatment regimen with folk remedies is widely used. Today, there are a huge number of recipes with which you can eliminate the disease in the shortest possible time.

Horseradish

In most cases, a balm is prepared from this product for adult patients. To prepare the medicine, you need to take several horseradish roots and thoroughly clean them from the soil. Horseradish is chopped with a knife or passed through a meat grinder. The resulting mass is placed in a glass jar and filled with boiled, cooled water. The medicine must be infused for three days. After this time, the medicine is filtered. You need to add honey to it in a 1:1 ratio. The tincture is taken three times a day, one tablespoon. The course is 10 days. Next you need to take a break for one week. After this, the course of treatment is repeated.

To cure the disease, it is necessary to use garlic tincture. To do this, you need to take 50 grams of the product, peel it and grind it in a mortar. The resulting mass should be transferred to a dark glass container and filled with 200 milliliters of vodka. The product must be placed in a dark place and left for a week. After this time, the tincture is filtered and used to cure giardiasis. A single dose of the drug is twenty drops. An adult should take the medicine three times a day, half an hour before meals.

Pumpkin seeds are quite effective in treating this disease. To prepare a folk medicine, you need to take 200 grams of pumpkin seeds and grind them in a mortar. The resulting mixture should be placed in a glass container and 50 grams of honey and water should be added to it. The folk medicine is mixed as thoroughly as possible and taken orally. The medication is taken on an empty stomach one hour before meals. After this, the patient is recommended to take a laxative. The medication is taken once a day for ten days.

Important! Despite the high effectiveness and safety of traditional medicine, you should consult a doctor before using them.

Treatment regimen for giardiasis in adults

The clinical picture of the disease can be observed both in severe form and in mild form, when signs of giardiasis do not appear at all.

The entry of the pathogen into the human body can occur in various ways. But, as a rule, a person becomes infected through direct contact with a carrier of the disease. Once in the human body, the protozoa are localized in the intestinal region, affecting the mucous membrane.

Of course, infection with protozoa is a very unpleasant fact, which manifests itself in tangible symptoms. For adults, treatment of giardiasis must be followed with the same care as for children to ensure complete ridding of the body from protozoa, says infectious disease specialist at the Moscow children's clinic Fantasy on Garibaldi-15, pediatrician Daria Sergeevna Makarova.

Symptoms of a chronic disease

The characteristic symptoms of giardiasis in adults and children of the chronic form manifest themselves as an intoxication syndrome, including:

• dyspepsia;
• constipation alternating with diarrhea;
• hypovitaminosis;
• dysbacteriosis;
• persistent diarrhea;
• violation of the absorption function of the small and large intestine.

Based on observations, the clinical picture of the chronic form of the disease is accompanied by cramping pain localized in the abdominal area. Cases of dyspepsia are common. Appetite is sharply reduced. The general condition is accompanied by nausea, migraines, malaise, irritability and extreme emotional instability.
In addition, symptoms of giardiasis appear in adults and children in the form of severe pain under the right rib, which intensifies if the diet is not followed. Complaints from patients, especially women, at this stage include bitter dry mouth, as well as nausea and general malaise.

Pain in the epigastric zone, instability of bowel movements with rare pain around the umbilical region are observed. Permanent dizziness, a sharp decline in appetite and a coated tongue with a jaundiced coating are noted. Palpation of the epigastrium at the point of protection of the gallbladder area responds with sensitive pain.
In general blood tests, especially in children, a high hemoglobin level is noted, which causes pale skin.

Chronic giardiasis in an advanced state manifests itself as intoxication of the entire body caused by waste products of protozoa. Often, symptoms of advanced giardiasis can manifest as flaky feet and palms, and the extremities are affected by goose bumps. In the corners of the lips, pockets with deep cracks often form. There is an abundance of hair falling out, fragility and peeling of nails.

Not a single case of death has been registered in the chronic course of the disease, even if appropriate treatment for giardiasis was not prescribed.

Symptoms of the acute form of the disease

An exacerbation of the disease is accompanied by sudden sharp pain in the middle and upper abdomen. Excessive accumulation of gases and flatulence often accompany giardiasis, the symptoms of which clearly manifest themselves at the time of exacerbation. The infected patient loses weight, suffers from diarrhea and severe digestive pain - dyspepsia. In children, there are frequent cases of infectious and allergic manifestations. Giardiasis, as a rule, affects adults with significantly weakened immunity. Moreover, the disease occurs more often in women and children than in men, according to reviews from doctors.

Characteristic signs of an exacerbation of the disease are a pronounced diarrhea syndrome accompanied by elevated temperature with significant damage to the small intestine, states infectious disease specialist D.S. Makarova.

Associated symptoms of acute giardiasis:

• rash similar to those caused by rubella or measles;
• vomit;
• feverish condition;
• sharp pain in the epigastrium;
• anorexia.

Correctly diagnosed and timely treatment of giardiasis allows us to assume a favorable prognosis. In just a week, even children experience a significant improvement in their condition and recovery begins.
Absent treatment for giardiasis, as a rule, leads to the subacute stage of the disease, which causes chronic giardiasis.

Giardiasis is an infection that must be carefully diagnosed, especially in children, since its symptoms are very similar to other manifestations of other gastric infections. Therefore, there is a standard set of tests to identify the true disease, which must be taken if Giardia infection is suspected:

• Serological blood test.
• Coprogram - examination of stool for microbiology of masses.
• Duodenal examination - blood is examined only in a patient over 10 years of age.

The result of the collected and studied data from the analyzes allows us to select the appropriate therapy for each individual case - for each patient, treatment for giardiasis is selected individually.

Drug therapy for the disease

As an auxiliary therapy, in addition to enzymes, hepatoprotectors are included in the treatment.

Stage two

• Loratadine or Citirizine as anti-allergenic agents;
• complex prescription of Allahol and Holosas - intended for the expulsion of bile;
• activated carbon, Smecta or Polysorbate - included as sorbents;
• the appointment of Festal and Pancreatin supports the activity of the pancreas.

At the second therapeutic stage in the treatment of giardiasis, a laxative is necessarily prescribed.

Stage three

At the final stage of the fight against giardiasis, the patient is prescribed adaptogens that correct the reactionary work of antibodies. At this stage, prebiotics and probiotics are prescribed to prevent the development of dysbiosis. The duration of the third stage can be more than three weeks, but this depends on the characteristics of the patient’s body.

Preventive measures

Prevention of giardiasis comes down to the following simple measures:

• Compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
• Avoid drinking tap water and water from wells or pump rooms.
• Make it a habit to rinse well-washed fruits and vegetables with boiled water.
• Avoid visiting bodies of water where swimming is prohibited.
• Do not have pets without providing them with appropriate care.
• If one person becomes infected during the treatment of giardiasis, all family members should take direct part in drug therapy to avoid relapse of the disease.

As preventive measures, as noted by numerous reviews from former patients, traditional medicine can be used perfectly.

Folk remedies for expelling protozoa

Traditional methods aimed at treating giardiasis include herbal decoctions and tinctures and, as noted by patient reviews, the most common food products:

• a mixture of honey and plantain;
• milk drink with garlic;
• garlic tincture with vodka - implies the treatment of giardiasis in adult patients;
• tar sandwich - especially effective in the treatment of giardiasis of the liver;
• horseradish - an infusion of horseradish rhizomes.

In conclusion, it should be noted that all folk methods devoted to the treatment of giardiasis imply repeated use of funds with the organization of short breaks between doses. As a rule, the drugs are taken for 2-3 months with intervals between doses of 10-12 days.

How to treat Giardia in adults?

Giardia is the name given to the simplest organisms. They are larger in size than bacteria, but smaller than worms. Giardia is the cause of the most common disease today - lambiasis, manifested by disorders of the small intestine and liver damage. Everyone suffers from giardiasis - both children and adults.

Treatment of giardiasis

Treatment of giardiasis should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. Self-medication is fraught with the fact that the disease can become chronic.

So how to treat Giardia in order to completely get rid of them?

First stage

Its main goal:

• eliminate gag reflexes;
• improve the general state of immunity;
• improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

The duration of the stage is about two weeks. During this time, the following events are held for both adults and even children:

1. Following a diet that prevents the development of Giardia. To do this, it is necessary to exclude or limit refined carbohydrates to the maximum, but it is better to exclude heavy foods altogether. Preference should be given to lean dishes and fiber. This could be porridge, baked apples, fermented milk products. Many people consider diet unnecessary in the treatment of giardiasis, but this is a big misconception. Taking the right foods will help restore peristalsis, and therefore improve the general condition of the patient.
2. Taking herbs and choleretic drugs. This will help improve the flow of bile.
3. Taking enterosorbents. You can relieve toxicosis by taking activated carbon, Polysorb, Polyphepan, Enterosgel.
4. Taking antiallergic drugs. This number includes Desloratadine, Loratadine and others.
5. Taking enzymes. This is necessary to improve digestion. The most famous enzyme preparations are Pancreatin and Creon.

Second phase

1. Albendazole. The drug is taken once a day. Application time: 5 days.
2. Fazizhin. For two days you need to take one tablet four times a day.
3. Ornidazole. Depending on the severity of the disease, the doctor prescribes taking the medication either for one day or for a longer time, up to ten days.
4. Metronidazole. Adults should take this medication for 5 to 10 days. Frequency of administration: 3 times a day. Amount – 400 mg each time.
5. Trinidazole. The most effective drug that gives a 100% guarantee of cure. Accepted once. Quantity – 40 mg, which is equal to 4 tablets.
6. McMiror. You need to take 2 tablets 2 to 3 times a day. For seven days.

Third stage

This period is intended to consolidate the positive result and create conditions that prevent the development of giardiasis. The duration of the stage is from 2 weeks to a month. At this time it is necessary:

1. Take multivitamins and adaptogens.
2. Take enzyme preparations.
3. Take probiotics. This is Linex, Bifidumbacterin.

Treatment of giardiasis cannot be done without following a special diet. It includes products that will help improve impaired peristalsis. This:

But the following foods are strictly forbidden to eat:

1. Pates.
2. Sausages.
3. Pasta.
4. Cereals. But this number does not include buckwheat, rice, and corn.
5. Baking.
6. Whole milk.
7. Food that contains preservatives and food additives.

You will have to follow the diet for quite a long time - from 4 months to six months.

Use of folk remedies

Of course, using herbs, seeds or plants alone to get rid of helminths in adults or children will not give the expected result, but it is quite possible to supplement the effect of medications. But, before you start using folk remedies, you should definitely consult with the doctor who is treating you, since it is difficult for an ignorant person to predict how medications will behave in combination with certain folk remedies.

You can be treated using:

1. Birch leaves. To do this, they are placed in a glass container and filled with cognac. You need to insist for at least three weeks. Then you need to strain, add the same amount of carrot juice and honey. You need to drink cognac-honey syrup before meals three times a day.
2. Grind 25 grams of horseradish and garlic, add them to half a liter of vodka and leave for 10 days in a dark place. The mixture needs to be shaken periodically. Take as in the previous version, but take a tablespoon. Drink with water.
3. Rowan tincture, but not alcoholic, but water. To obtain the mixture, you need to pour a glass of boiling water over wild rowan in the amount of 1 dessert spoon and leave everything for a couple of hours. Then you need to strain the tincture and divide it into three portions. Take before meals.

Of course, the above recipes are only suitable for adults. But for children, along with the main treatment, you can use:

1. Carrot juice. It should be drunk in the morning before meals.
2. Pumpkin seeds. Minimum dose – 50 g. For older children, the number of seeds can be doubled.
3. Bergamot. Or rather, its essential oil. You need 2-3 drops of oil, mix with a teaspoon of honey or sugar and eat on an empty stomach. Do this for 5-6 days.
4. Dill-cumin preparation. You need to take both spices in equal quantities, grind them and give the child half a teaspoon three times a day.
5. Pine cone jam. To prepare it, you need to fill the washed cones with water so that it covers them. Cook the pine cones over low heat for 8 hours. Then you need to remove the cones and add sugar. Take the same amount of it as the cones to get a mass similar in density to jam. A child should be given a tablespoon, for adults – twice as much.

The point is overdiagnosis of the disease. To detect giardiasis, a thorough examination of stool is necessary. But even the use of a microscope cannot guarantee an accurate examination result: lamblia cysts can be confused with cysts that constantly live in the intestines. To obtain more accurate results, it is necessary to undergo the examination several times.

A more accurate result will be given by a blood test that tests for antibodies to Giardia. But here again there are some peculiarities: even several months after recovery from giardiasis, every adult or even child may still have antibodies in their blood. Therefore, the examination must be carried out at intervals of several months.

How to properly treat Giardia in an adult?

Etiology and pathogenesis of the development of giardiasis in adults

In most cases, cysts are introduced into the body by consuming foods that do not require additional heat treatment, including vegetables, fruits and berries. In some cases, Giardia infection can occur when drinking contaminated water that has not been pretreated.

Symptomatic manifestations of giardiasis in adults

• weight loss;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• the appearance of bloating;
• nausea;
• sharp pain in the upper abdomen;
• general weakness;
• dizziness;
• headache;
• feces mixed with bile or mucus.

Methods of drug treatment of giardiasis in adults

Among other things, antihistamines can be added to the treatment regimen if the patient has signs of an allergic reaction and excessive sensitization. If problems with stool occur, laxatives may be prescribed. Among other things, absorbent drugs, choleretic agents, and also enzyme therapy are often prescribed. In addition, probiotics, prebiotics and multivitamin complexes may be prescribed. These drugs allow you to cope with dysbiosis and correct the functioning of the immune system.

A very important point in the treatment of giardiasis in adults is diet. Dietary nutrition can speed up the restoration of intestinal motility. The basis of the diet during treatment should be porridge, lactic acid products and baked apples. Heavy foods should be completely excluded from the diet during treatment.

Folk remedies for the treatment of giardiasis in adults

Folk remedies are an excellent preventive remedy that can be used without harm to health after completing the main drug course of treatment for giardiasis. Herbal preparations have a good effect against Giardia. One of the simplest, but at the same time effective means of combating Giardia is dried cloves in combination with flax seeds.

To prepare the product, you need to grind flax seeds along with dried cloves in a coffee grinder, and then consume the prepared mixture a few spoons with food. The treatment regimen involves using the drug for 3 days, then you need to take a break and repeat the course.

In addition, giardiasis can be prevented with a drink based on birch sap, honey and dry calendula. To prepare a healing decoction, take about 3 liters of birch sap, bring it to a boil, and then add about 50 g of dry calendula. The broth should boil for at least 5 minutes, after which it should be set aside and wrapped in a terry towel. The broth should be infused in a warm place for at least 10-12 hours, after which it should be filtered and honey added. The decoction should be consumed in ½ cup approximately 15 minutes before meals.

To prevent giardiasis, you can also use a herbal mixture based on the flowers of immortelle, cinquefoil, tansy and deyasila root. To prepare the collection, mix all components in equal proportions, and then pour 2 tbsp. spoons of the resulting mixture about 1 liter of boiling water. The infusion should be prepared in a thermos. The resulting infusion should be left in a thermos overnight, then filtered through cheesecloth and drunk throughout the day. It is worth using this product several times a month.