After inserting the IUD, my lower abdomen hurts. The appearance of blood after the installation of an IUD. Sensation of whiskers during intercourse

The intrauterine device is the most popular and effective female method of preventing unwanted pregnancy. In order to prevent complications, it is necessary to undergo all examinations and contact only a professional doctor; self-insertion of the IUD is not allowed. But even compliance with all conditions does not guarantee absolute smoothness. It happens that after the installation of the coil there is bleeding, this happens for various reasons. Everything about the IUD insertion procedure and complications is in this article.

An intrauterine device is a special device consisting of inert plastic and some metal (copper or silver), small in size. This device is inserted into the uterine cavity and does not allow the girl to become pregnant. When, fertilization with an IUD can occur, but the spiral will not allow the embryo to attach to the endometrium of the uterus; the principle of action is similar to an abortifacient. The IUD is inserted into the girl on the 3rd or 4th day of her period, while the cervix is ​​open.

Kinds

Today, 2 types of intrauterine device are actively used:

• Copper IUD. A copper coil inserted into the uterus releases copper ions, acidifying the uterine environment and reducing sperm activity. The lifespan of a copper IUD is no more than 10 years.
• Hormonal IUD. After administration, the hormone progesterone is released. This hormone is released daily and inhibits egg maturation. You can use it for up to 5 years, then the spiral is changed.

In appearance, both pregnancy coils resemble the letter T, at the end of which there are two small antennae.

In addition to its main function, uterine devices protect against inflammatory diseases.

Indications

As noted above, the benefit of the IUD is not only the inability to get pregnant. The spiral is indicated for the treatment of various diseases, such as:

• Problems with menstruation. Painful, difficult to tolerate periods, irregular, etc.;
• Pelvic pain;
• Uterine fibroids and endometriosis. Early endometrial cancer and precancerous condition;

The spiral produces a bactericidal effect, therefore it alleviates the condition of the disease and prevents deterioration.

The intrauterine device is highly recommended for women who have given birth and do not have STDs or cervical diseases.

Various complications

The most common period after the installation of an IUD when various complications appear is the first three months.

Spiral falling out. It is not necessarily accompanied by painful sensations and does not cause harm to the body. Sometimes a woman does not notice at all that the spiral has fallen out. Loss can occur either immediately after the procedure or for quite a long time after the insertion of the IUD. The cause of the IUD falling out can be heavy physical exertion and deformation of the cervix. Also, if an incompetent doctor installed the IUD incorrectly or chose an IUD that is unsuitable in size and type for the body. Sometimes prolapse occurs due to the harmless reason that the body does not accept a foreign object. In this case, after getting used to it, everything goes away.

Often in the first month after the procedure, girls experience a delay in menstruation. In this case, anti-inflammatory drugs are taken that normalize the cycle and protect against inflammatory processes in the uterus. Inflammation of the uterus occurs due to intolerance to the IUD as a type of contraceptive.

If there is heavy or prolonged bleeding after the IUD insertion procedure, you should immediately go to the hospital. The doctor prescribes tests and examination. The first thing the doctor will pay attention to is whether the woman has gynecological diseases. If it does not stop, and there are no serious diseases, the spiral is removed, otherwise a complication may arise in the form. During treatment, the patient is regularly examined and monitored for the course of the disease.

To prevent symptoms, the doctor prescribes medications containing iron and recommends eating more foods that are rich in iron.

Other complications

Common complications from starting to use an IUD are heavy bleeding and the IUD falling out at different times. But there are other, more rare complications.

The majority arises, as a rule, from a copper spiral.

• Too painful menstruation;
• Pelvic infections;
• Damage to the uterus by the coil;
• Irregular periods. Sometimes they disappear completely;
• Ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, subsequent early birth.

Infertility. It is because of this complication that doctors recommend using spirals only for women who have given birth.

Contraindications

Before installing the IUD, a woman needs to undergo a short examination and undergo tests prescribed by the doctor, because the IUD is not suitable for everyone, and sometimes individual intolerance appears after insertion.

The IUD cannot be installed in case of cancer of the genital organs, if a woman suffers from cervical cancer, pelvic infections, cervical cancer, uterine bleeding, etc. Also with deformation of the uterus and if there are sexually transmitted infections. It is prohibited for a woman to use an IUD if less than 3 months have passed since the abortion and if the woman has had an ectopic pregnancy in the past.

An examination is necessary to identify possible problems and the doctor will decide whether the IUD can be inserted without harm to the woman’s body.

Installation

Before going to the IUD insertion procedure itself, you need to carry out a number of preparatory measures: take tests prescribed by the doctor, undergo an examination by a gynecologist and carry out the procedure.

Examinations that must be completed before the procedure:

• Pregnancy testing;
• Screening for STDs and other gynecological problems;
• and other types;
• The doctor must examine the genital organs: vagina, uterus, etc. and then select the best type of IUD for the woman.

Before the procedure, the gynecologist measures the size and depth of the uterus. The process of installing an intrauterine device feels like inserting a gynecological speculum during an examination. There is no severe pain during the procedure, but there is some discomfort. If a woman does not tolerate the slightest discomfort, the doctor may inject painkillers into the cervical area. Installing the spiral takes 10 minutes.

Rehabilitation

After installing an intrauterine device, you need a gentle daily routine, more rest, and you cannot strain yourself too much with work. The spiral is a foreign object for the body; it takes some time to get used to it and the body experiences stress, so extra stress during rehabilitation will only aggravate the condition. The rehabilitation period after installation of the IUD is different for all women. If there is no pain or heavy bleeding, you can perform the usual amount of work. Just don’t forget that any overvoltage can cause problems, the most common of which is the coil falling out.

Since the prolapse of the IUD from a woman’s uterus most often occurs during the first 8 months, a verification procedure must be carried out. The position of the spiral can be determined by the antennae. You can check this yourself with your fingers, but if a woman cannot check it herself, you need to entrust the matter to a gynecologist. You need to be examined by a doctor monthly. Then the dangerous period will pass easily and without complications.

When to see a doctor

Small or scanty spotting is a natural reaction of the body after insertion of the IUD, as it occurs in almost all women. The average period is 6 months, but the time for cessation of discharge varies individually and can vary from 4 to 8 months. It happens that there is no discharge at all, but this is very rare and harmless.

Only prolonged and heavy discharge becomes dangerous. It's like having a period that doesn't stop for several weeks. If there is heavy bleeding, you should immediately consult a doctor. Also, if the discharge continues for quite a long time, it is better to visit the hospital, since severe bleeding and smears for more than 8 months can be caused by serious disorders in the body.

Sometimes the IUD in a woman can provoke various diseases of the uterus, then bleeding signals inflammation. If the examination reveals a negative effect of the spiral, it is removed and no longer installed. In this case, other methods of protection are prescribed.

Using the IUD during breastfeeding

An IUD can only be inserted after six weeks after birth. The ions released by the intrauterine device penetrate the mother's blood, but harmful substances make up only one thousandth of a percent of the daily volume of mother's milk. This amount is too small to harm the baby’s health, so using the device during breastfeeding is safe for mother and child.

Need for removal

There are many reasons why you need to remove the coil or replace it with a new one.

The need to remove the spiral may arise in the following cases:

• The hormonal intrauterine device needs to be changed after every five years of use, and the copper one after ten years.
• When using other protection against pregnancy, the IUD must be removed at the beginning of the menstrual cycle.
• After removing the intrauterine device, the next installation is made only after a month.
• If inflammation or infection occurs due to the coil, or if there is heavy bleeding, the coil must be removed.
• In case of individual intolerance to the IUD. If, when using an IUD, a woman has constant abdominal pain in the area of ​​the uterus, or experiences discomfort, the IUD must be removed and another method of protection must be used.

Pregnancy with an intrauterine device

The IUD is the most popular method of preventing unwanted pregnancy, not only because of the simplicity of the procedure, but also because of its excellent effectiveness. There is practically no chance of getting pregnant with an IUD. And yet, pregnancy with an intrauterine device is possible, although it is extremely rare and for certain reasons. For example, an incorrectly installed device, or one that came off during too passionate intercourse.

To exclude a pathology such as ectopic pregnancy, if you suspect pregnancy, you should consult a doctor for examination. If the pregnancy proceeds normally, there are no complications, and the woman wants to carry and give birth to a child, the IUD is removed.

The doctor will remove the IUD without harm to the mother and child. But there are cases when, when the IUD is removed, the pregnancy is terminated.

If a woman does not trust doctors, the child can be carried without removing the intrauterine device from the uterus. But in this case, you need to be mentally prepared for the fact that the development of the fetus will not go so smoothly; complications in the growth and development of the child are possible.

By the way, there are very few known cases of successful pregnancy with an intrauterine device. But there is always a risk of pathologies for the child.

To avoid unpleasant consequences and make pregnancy comfortable and safe, it is necessary to remove the IUD. Or, if a woman does not want to give birth to a child, terminate the pregnancy, since the IUD and pregnancy cannot successfully exist at the same time, and for delay, both mother and child may lose their health.

What are the pros and cons of using an intrauterine device and who is suitable for an IUD, read the article.

An intrauterine device is an intrauterine contraceptive, a miniature T-shaped device made of plastic and copper, which prevents the attachment of a fertilized egg to the wall of the uterus, slows down the movement of sperm into the uterine cavity and reduces the lifespan of the egg. Reviews prove that this is one of the most reliable.

The IUD releases the hormone progestogen into the uterus. This delays the development of the uterine mucosa, where the fertilized egg is implanted. Progestogen also thins the uterine lining, which prevents a fertilized egg from attaching to it. Some women may stop ovulating after having a hormonal IUD installed.

The IUD lasts for 5 years, or 3 years, depending on the type. So you don't have to think about contraception every day or every time you have sex. Using an IUD does not depend on whether you have children or not.

Intrauterine device: pros and cons

• The effectiveness of the intrauterine device is more than 99%. Pregnancy occurred in less than 1 in 100 cases when using the Mirena IUD for 5 years. The Jaydess brand has similar statistics (the coil is valid for 3 years).
• The IUD can be removed at any time with the help of a doctor, and fertility will quickly return to normal.

An IUD can make your period easier or stop it, so it can help women whose periods are consistently painful.

Jaydess is less likely to stop menstruation than Mirena.

• The hormonal IUD can be used by women who are not suitable for oral contraceptives due to migraines, for example.
• Some women may experience mood swings, skin problems, or breast pain after having the IUD inserted.
• You should also remember that there is a small risk of infection when inserting the IUD.
• The process of inserting the IUD can be unpleasant, but painkillers can help ease it.

• The IUD does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). To protect yourself from STIs, you should use condoms.

How does the intrauterine device work?

The hormonal IUD releases the hormone progestogen, which is similar to the natural hormone progesterone produced in a woman's ovaries.

Progestogen delays the development of the uterine lining, which prevents sperm from passing through and reaching the egg. It also thins the lining of the uterus, which prevents a fertilized egg from attaching to it.

The IUD may also stop ovulation in some women, but in most cases ovulation will continue as before.

Intrauterine device: how to place it

The IUD can be inserted at any time during your monthly menstrual cycle, as long as you are definitely not pregnant. Ideally, it should be installed within seven days of the start of your period because it will immediately protect you from pregnancy.

You will have to use condoms for the first seven days if the IUD is inserted at any other time in your cycle.

Before the IUD is inserted, you will have a full examination to determine the size and position of your uterus. You may also be tested for existing infections, such as STIs. It is best to do this before the IUD is inserted so that infections can be treated. You may also be offered antibiotics during insertion of the IUD.

The entire installation process takes about 15-20 minutes:

• the vagina is held open, as during a cervical smear test
• The IUD is inserted through the cervix and into the uterine cavity

The adjustment process may be uncomfortable or painful for some women, and may cause cramping afterwards.

You may be asked to use a local anesthetic or painkillers prior to installation. Discuss this with your doctor in advance. The anesthetic injection itself can be more painful, so many women undergo the procedure without it. Once the IUD is inserted, you will need to check with your doctor after 3-6 weeks to make sure everything is okay.

Be sure to tell your doctor if you or your partner have been exposed to an STI, as this can lead to an infection in the pelvis.

Consult your doctor in such cases, if after insertion of the IUD

• there was pain in the lower abdomen
• heat
• copious discharge with an unpleasant odor

This may mean that there is an infection in the body.

How to determine if the spiral is in place

The IUD has two thin strings that hang down from the top of the vagina. The doctor who installs the IUD will teach you how to feel for these strings and check if the IUD is in place.

Check your IUD several times during the first month and then after each period at regular intervals. It is extremely unlikely that the IUD will come out, but if you can't feel the threads or if the IUD appears to have moved, you are not protected from pregnancy.

If this happens, contact your doctor immediately and use additional contraception, such as condoms, until your IUD is checked. If you have had sexual intercourse recently, you may need to resort to remedies.

Your partner should not feel your coil during sex. If he feels the threads, see a doctor to check the position of the coil .

Doctors will also be able to shorten the threads slightly. If you feel pain during sexual intercourse, consult a doctor immediately.

Removing the intrauterine device

The spiral can be removed at any time. If you do not intend to have the IUD inserted again but are not planning to become pregnant, you will need to use another method of contraception (such as condoms) for seven days before the IUD is removed.

Sperm can remain in a woman's body for seven days and can fertilize an egg after the IUD is removed. Once the IUD is removed from the body, your fertility returns.

If a woman who is over 45 years of age has the IUD, the IUD can be left until the onset of menopause or until the period when contraception is no longer needed.

Intrauterine device: when and to whom it can be placed

Most women can use an IUD, including women who have never been pregnant and women who are HIV positive. Your healthcare provider will review your medical history to see if the hormonal IUD is suitable for you as a contraceptive.

Intrauterine device: contraindications

• breast cancer, or have had the disease within the past five years
• cervical cancer
• liver disease
• unexplained vaginal bleeding between periods or after intercourse
• arterial disease or a history of serious heart disease or stroke
• untreated STI or pelvic infection
• problems with the uterus or cervix

Intrauterine device after childbirth

The IUD can be installed 4-6 weeks after childbirth (vaginal birth and Caesarean section). From 21 days after birth, that is, three weeks, you will need to use alternative methods of contraception until the IUD is installed. In some cases, an IUD can be inserted within 48 hours after birth. It is safe during breastfeeding and does not affect the volume and flow of milk.

Intrauterine device after miscarriage or abortion

An IUD can be installed by a doctor immediately after an abortion or miscarriage, if the pregnancy has not exceeded 24 weeks. If you have been pregnant for more than 24 weeks, you may have to wait a few weeks before getting the IUD.

The intrauterine device is one of the most reliable and modern methods of contraception, as confirmed by clinical studies and millions of women around the world. Today, there are different types of intrauterine devices (IUDs), and in order to make the right choice, you need to know the features and characteristics of different types.

What is an intrauterine device?

An IUD is a small device that can be made of plastic, copper, silver or gold.

The principle of its operation is as follows: a spiral inserted into the uterus prevents the cavity from closing and prevents the fertilized egg from fixing. In addition, there are hormonal IUDs of complex action, which not only prevent pregnancy mechanically, but also affect hormonal levels. As a result, the thickness of the endometrium, which lines the uterine cavity, decreases, and thick mucus is produced in the cervix, which prevents sperm from penetrating inside. Such contraceptives are effective for about 5 years.

It should be noted that after the pregnancy device is removed from the uterine cavity, the body quickly restores its ability to bear children, which is why this method of contraception is considered one of the safest for women’s health.

How effective are intrauterine devices?

According to studies, the effectiveness of the IUD is about 98-99%, which can be considered simply an excellent indicator: for example, when using condoms, the statistics of accidental pregnancies is 12%, and when taking oral contraceptives - about 3%.

Service life of intrauterine devices

The validity period of the IUD varies from 3.5 to 7 years depending on the material of manufacture, manufacturing company and other factors. It is important to note that after the specified period, the spiral must be removed, as this is fraught with adverse health consequences.

Video - “Intrauterine device”

Types of intrauterine devices

To understand which IUD is best placed in a particular case, a woman needs to learn about the advantages, disadvantages and features of IUDs from different manufacturers. The most popular contraceptives are Nova T, Juno Bio, Mirena and Multiload.

Nova T

The intrauterine device T (shaped like the letter T) is made of elastic plastic and copper braid. Flexible ends ensure safe installation of the system, and the copper it contains has a toxic effect on sperm.

The disadvantages of the IUD include the possibility of allergic reactions, the risk of infection of the genitourinary tract, as well as the development of iron deficiency anemia.

Juno Bio

Juno Bio spirals can be of several types.

The Juno Bio T IUD is made of plastic, copper wire and a special monofilament thread, which allows you to control the location of the structure in the uterus and remove it if necessary.

Juno Bio T Super is manufactured in a similar way, but at the same time it is treated with antimicrobial agents and propolis, that is, it additionally protects the woman from infections.

The Juno Bio spiral with silver has a base made of flexible plastic, wrapped copper-silver thread, due to which its validity increases to 7 years.

Finally, the ring-shaped IUD is a ring-shaped device with copper-silver a rod that helps control insertion.

The validity period of such spirals varies from 3.5 to 7 years.

Multiload

The Multiload IUD is a semi-oval contraceptive device equipped with soft spikes that help it to cling well to the wall of the uterine cavity, which significantly reduces the risk of spontaneous removal. Validity period - 5 years.

Mirena

The spiral is in the form of a T-shaped rod, equipped with flexible hangers and a ring for easy removal. The rod also contains a container with the drug levonorgestrel with a special shell, which ensures uniform release of the drug into the uterine cavity.

The Mirena intrauterine device is considered one of the most expensive, but at the same time the most effective contraceptives, since it acts both as an IUD and as an oral contraceptive. Validity period - 5 years.

One of the most significant disadvantages of this device is amenorrhea, that is, the complete disappearance of menstruation, which is observed in approximately 20% of women and is associated with the suppression of endometrial growth by small doses of hormones.

Which spiral is considered the best? It is impossible to answer this question, since there are simply no universal IUDs that suit every woman.

The choice of a specific spiral should be made individually, based on the characteristics of the woman’s body.

Video - “Intrauterine contraceptive “Mirena”

Side effects and possible complications

Every woman who decides to have an IUD should be aware of the possible side effects and complications that may result from using this method of contraception.

Side effects of the IUD include:

• increase in the duration of the menstrual cycle and the amount of discharge;
• the appearance of “spotting” between menstruation;
• spasms and discomfort in the pelvic area during menstruation;
• risk of ectopic pregnancy;
• the appearance of an unpleasant odor from the genital tract;
• a decrease in the thickness of the endometrium, which can make it difficult to carry a pregnancy in the future, as well as increase the risk of miscarriage.

In some cases, due to incorrect selection of the spiral or insufficient qualifications gynecologist The following complications may occur:

• infection of the pelvic organs or the development of inflammation, which may be the result of insufficient hygiene rules or a disease that the woman suffered from not being detected in time;
• perforation of the uterine wall is a fairly rare phenomenon, which manifests itself after some time as nagging pain and bleeding;
• spontaneous loss of the spiral.

Video - “Intrauterine device. Harmful to health."

What do you need to know about IUDs before installation?

In order for the spiral to fully perform its functions, you must not only select the system correctly, but also know some of the features of its functioning.

Thus, the vast majority of IUDs do not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so sexual intercourse with an untested partner still requires additional means of protection against STDs.

In addition, they cannot guarantee 100% protection against unwanted pregnancy, so in 1-2% of cases it may occur.

Finally, independent installation or removal of the device is strictly prohibited - only an experienced and qualified gynecologist can know exactly how the spiral is placed and how it is removed.

When should you see a doctor?

Another important point when using an IUD is to understand in time that there are problems with the contraceptive.

What signs might indicate this? First of all, constant monitoring of the length of the threads in the vagina is necessary - if it has changed, this may indicate that the helix has moved out of place, gone deep into the uterine cavity, or fallen out.

In addition, you should definitely consult a doctor in the following situations:

• increase in temperature of unknown etiology a few days after installation of the IUD;
• severe pain or discomfort in the pelvic area;
• vaginal discharge of an unusual color or odor;
• loss or displacement of the spiral;
• delay of menstruation by 3-4 weeks.

Contraindications to the installation of an intrauterine device

Absolute contraindications to the installation of an IUD are:

• chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital organs;
• congenital or acquired pathologies of the uterus (fibromatosis, bicornus, etc.);
• pregnancy (suspected or confirmed);
• uterine bleeding of unknown etiology;
• the presence of malignant tumors in the body.

In addition, women who use an IUD as contraception need to visit a doctor about once every six months and get tested, as the IUD leaves the cervix open, which can result in infections entering the cervix.

Video - “Intrauterine contraceptives”

An intrauterine device (IUD) is a local device that protects a woman from unwanted pregnancy for a long period. There are several types of contraceptives and features associated with their use. The appearance of discharge after installation of the Mirena coil is normal, however, in some cases, treatment or even removal of the IUD will be required.

Features of the Mirena intrauterine device

Spirals have been used for several decades. The first invention dates back to 1926, and the prototype of the modern device was invented by Jack Lipps in 1960. At first, only IUDs made of copper, gold, and silver were used in combination with plastic elements. The most common shape is the letter T. Mirena is a spiral that contains a supply of a hormonal substance - levonorgestrel. A special device ensures that a certain dose is released daily. The total amount is calculated for 5 years.

The active substance of the IUD practically does not enter the bloodstream and does not affect the endocrine balance of the body. The effect is aimed at suppressing the functions of the endometrium, cervix glands and sperm suppression. As a result, the intrauterine layer does not grow enough to ensure the attachment of a fertilized egg. Thick mucus accumulates in the cervical canal, like a plug during pregnancy, which serves as a barrier to male cells.

Advantages of Mirena over other methods of contraception:

• Installation of the spiral is carried out within 3-5 minutes;
• For 5 years you can forget about contraception;
• In recalculating the cost of contraceptive pills used during this period, significant savings are obtained;
• The effect of IUD hormones is only local, the content in the blood is negligible in comparison with oral medications;
• You don’t have to follow the dosage regimen, timely purchase of the product, etc.;
• Mirena is also used for therapeutic purposes for adenomyosis, uterine fibroids, endometriosis;
• Reduces the spiral and pain during menstruation, as well as the amount of blood loss;
• Does not promote weight gain like combined oral contraceptives;
• The woman herself decides how much the IUD will cost. If desired, it can be removed at any time and reproductive function will be restored in 2-3 cycles.

Attention! Unlike copper coils, Mirena is not susceptible to oxidation, which often causes non-infectious inflammation of the uterus.

Flaws:

• Women who are sexually active with different partners will have to additionally protect themselves from STDs;
• The IUD is not recommended for nulliparous girls;
• Installation requires a preliminary examination and the help of a gynecologist; you will not be able to place the spiral on your own;
• At the initial stage - within 4 months, the risk of salpingitis - inflammation of the fallopian tubes - increases;
• Up to six months, spotting and bloody discharge is possible;
• The cycle gets lost;
• Menstruation sometimes disappears completely while using Mirena;
• A woman may be frightened by follicular ovarian cysts, which in fact do not pose any threat to health and resolve on their own;
• There is a possibility of the coil falling out, which the woman may not notice;
• A small risk of conception remains, according to 20-year studies it is up to 1%. In this case, an ectopic or frozen pregnancy or miscarriage is possible.

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Expert opinion

Olga Yurievna Kovalchuk

Doctor, expert

During the first months, it is advisable to visit a gynecologist after menstruation, when the risk of Mirena falling out is highest. You can check whether the IUD is in place yourself. To do this, insert a finger into the vagina as deep as possible. The woman will feel a touch on the antennae that protrude from the opening of the cervical canal.

What kind of discharge is normal after insertion of an IUD?

The IUD is placed in the uterus at the beginning of the cycle, on the last day of menstruation or the first day after it. Such terms guarantee the absence of pregnancy, which is the main contraindication to the installation of Mirena. Therefore, it is quite normal to have bloody discharge, which is aggravated by damage to the walls of the cervical canal.

The release of bright red liquid is normally observed for about a day, then a brown daub, which indicates healing. The instructions say that minor bleeding may occur periodically from 3 to 6 months after starting to use the device. It is impossible to say exactly how long it will be smeared, since this is very individual, however, discharge for more than six months after installation should be regarded as a pathology. On the days of expected menstruation, the volume of fluid increases.

In the absence of complications after Mirena installation, there should be no associated symptoms:

• Unpleasant odor;
• Purulent inclusions;
• Pain in the abdomen of a pulling or throbbing nature;
• Copious bleeding;
• Increased body temperature;
• General malaise.

Attention! Brown spotting for several months is not at all necessary. Many women experience symptoms for only 3-7 days.

Pathological discharge when wearing a spiral

After installation of the Mirena IUD, complications may develop that are associated with various factors. They appear as uncharacteristic fluid from a woman’s vagina.

Bleeding

Scarlet, copious discharge for more than a day, intensifying and accompanied by weakness, decreased blood pressure, pale skin and dizziness, indicate active blood loss. This happens when the IUD is carelessly installed, when the walls of the cervical canal and uterus are significantly damaged due to the actions of the gynecologist.

In addition, the IUD may be perforated and inserted. Any of these conditions requires immediate removal of Mirena. Bleeding will be fatal.

The cause of such discharge can be a uterine polyp, fibroid, tumor, as well as the abolition of oral contraceptives. All of this can be prevented by a full inspection prior to installation. For example, polyps and other formations are a contraindication to the use of an IUD, so preliminary treatment is required, which, as a rule, is surgical.

Bleeding is one of the signs of an ectopic pregnancy. If it occurs after a delay, is accompanied by weakness, nausea, pain in the abdomen or side, and the test shows a positive result, then you should immediately consult a doctor. Securing the fetus in the tube or area of ​​the appendage will lead to rupture of the walls, bleeding into the abdominal cavity, and death.

Attention! Ectopic pregnancy when using an IUD occurs in women who have previously encountered it.

Brown spot for abdominal pain

Such symptoms accompany inflammation of the uterus and cervical canal, so the diagnosis is endometritis, cervicitis, or a combination of both. Over time, the discharge will become purulent, which indicates the addition of an infectious process.

Treatment is carried out with local antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of suppositories. If there is no improvement after a course of therapy, the IUD will have to be removed until the problem is resolved.

Yellow discharge

Like green ones, this is a sign of a bacterial infection of the genital area. Often, the installation of the IUD provokes an outbreak of inflammation and the transfer of vaginal flora to the uterus. The cause may be opportunistic microbes or STD pathogens.

The discharge is abundant with an unpleasant odor, accompanied by itching, tingling and burning, pain at the time of urination. With trichomoniasis, the fluid has a foamy structure.

Infection occurs after placement of the IUD for the following reasons:

• Failure to maintain sexual rest within the time period recommended by the doctor, usually 10 days;
• Infection through instruments due to negligence of medical staff;
• Insufficient hygiene;
• Infection with an STD after the installation of an intrauterine contraceptive from unprotected sex with a carrier;
• Decreased immunity due to which opportunistic flora was activated;
• Dangerous bacteria not identified during the preliminary examination.

Treatment is selected depending on the pathogen. For vaginosis as a result of the proliferation of gardnerella, staphylococcus and others, suppositories with an antibiotic are used, for example, Klion D, Terzhinan, Hexicon and others. If an STD is detected, complex treatment with antibiotics will be required for both partners. Discharge during infections is not always abundant and may be gray, orange or off-white in color. Removal of the IUD is necessary in case of ineffective therapy and complications.

Attention! Advanced infections lead to inflammation of the endometrium, tubes, and ovaries, which are much more difficult to cure.

Blood clots

The spotting, which is normal at the initial stage of using Mirena, should be uniform in structure. If there are dense lumps of a bloody nature, this may be a symptom of endometriosis. This disease can only be treated through surgery, and the spiral will have to be removed.

Lack of menstruation when using Mirena

Amenorrhea is normal when using an IUD. The spiral prevents the growth of a thick layer of endometrium, which makes up the bulk of monthly discharge. In addition, emerging follicular cysts indicate a suppressive effect on ovulation. Therefore, menstruation may be insignificant or practically absent. At first, the absence is almost unnoticeable against the background of daub. Such circumstances do not pose any threat to a woman’s health; the cycle is restored within 1-3 months after removal of the IUD.

Carefully! Absence of menstrual flow requires a pregnancy test.

How to avoid pathological discharge?

Before installing the Mirena spiral, it is necessary to undergo a full examination by a gynecologist in order to refute the presence of contraindications or eliminate any identified ones. To do this, you will need to undergo a number of standard studies:

1. An examination is not only necessary for the purpose of collecting samples for analysis, but also for visually assessing the condition of the cervix and the presence of discharge. The doctor will see the polyp of the cervical canal using a mirror.
2. Vaginal smear. It is studied for the presence of dangerous bacteria or excessive proliferation of opportunistic flora. The presence of a large number of leukocytes in the discharge indicates inflammation or an intracellular infection, for example, chlamydia. To clarify, the smear is examined using PCR.
3. A scraping of the epithelium is taken from the cervix for cytology to exclude cancerous changes.
4. An ultrasound is needed to assess the condition of the uterus and appendages. For example, contraindications to the installation of an IUD are abnormalities in the structure of the organ, as well as tumors.
5. A prerequisite for using the IUD is to make sure there is no pregnancy. This is done using a test or by assessing the level of hCG in the urine.

To avoid pathological discharge, it is important to take precautions in the first 10 days after installation of the Mirena IUD:

• Sexual rest;
• Refusal of physical activity and heavy lifting;
• Washing only in the shower, without immersing the pelvic area in water;
• Maintaining cleanliness of the genitals;
• Do not use tampons, only pads.

Carefully! A foreign object, which is an IUD, increases the risk of infection entering the uterus, increases the likelihood of inflammatory diseases of the genital area, and, consequently, discharge.

Opinions of doctors and patients

Gynecologists consider Mirena one of the best contraceptives for women who have already given birth and have a permanent partner. Based on the results of the examination, a competent doctor will understand whether the spiral is suitable in this case, or whether it is necessary to choose another remedy.

According to patient reviews, the first months after the introduction of the IUD are indeed accompanied by constant spotting. Some women report increased spotting any time they use the IUD after lifting weights. There were no cases where infection or inflammation of organs was directly associated with Mirena.

Conclusion

Discharge at the initial stage of using the IUD is normal if it is spotty, brown and odorless. All other circumstances are a signal to contact your gynecologist. As a rule, complications occur in women who already had health problems before installing Mirena.

Many women think about how to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancy when living together with a man. Medicine offers many methods of contraception that ensure safe sex life. Many patients resort to contraception with a spiral. This method allows you to maintain your health without hormonal changes and risks, as well as prevent unwanted pregnancy.

What is a spiral and what are they?

There are about 50 types of intrauterine contraceptive devices. They are inserted into the uterine cavity to prevent sperm from fertilizing the egg. In modern medicine, the following types are offered:

1. Devices containing copper, silver.
2. Spirals containing hormones.

They differ from each other not only in material, but also in shape: S, T-shaped. The IUD containing hormones has become widely known because it is more effective and reliable. Mirena spirals are considered the most popular.

This type of contraceptives is prescribed exclusively by a doctor. The installation is carried out in a gynecological office. It is important to undergo an examination, as there are a number of contraindications. Mandatory examinations include:

• smear from the vagina and cervix;
• blood for HIV, hepatitis and syphilis;
• general urine analysis;
• analysis for sexually transmitted infections;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

Positive qualities of the Mirena spiral in relation to other contraceptives:

1. When a woman gets an IUD with hormonal content, she no longer has to be afraid of getting pregnant for several years. This is a fairly reliable tool that allows you to make your sex life free and safe.
2. The spiral does not need to be changed often. Its effect lasts for 5 years. While the pills must be taken every day.
3. Once the IUD is inserted, you will not feel it. Your partner is also protected from unpleasant sensations. This makes sexual relations more relaxed.
4. Despite the hormonal contents of the device, it is absolutely safe for the female body. Does not contribute to weight gain, and also does not affect the functioning of the ovaries.
5. After installing an intrauterine device, a woman can hope for a speedy recovery from such unpleasant diseases as fibroids and endometriosis.

What are the disadvantages that accompany the installation of an IUD:

1. There is no way to use it yourself.
2. Discharge appears after installing the coil. This may include brown spotting or bleeding.
3. Does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.
4. The IUD falls out on its own, making pregnancy possible.
5. Menstrual irregularities. After removing the IUD, periods become regular again and with the same abundance.
6. Installation of the Mirena spiral is carried out only for women who have given birth. Doctors believe that such contraceptives are safe and effective only for those patients who have children. Therefore, a specialist may refuse installation if you are under 25 years old and do not yet have children.

Discharge while using an IUD

Many women note various discharge during the spiral. The installation of a contraceptive may be accompanied not only by bleeding, but also by pain in the lower abdomen. All this brings discomfort. If discharge is observed for no more than 2 weeks, this is considered normal. Doctors warn a woman that after installing a contraceptive device, she bleeds much more in the first days. Subsequently, spotting is observed. The first menstruation after installation of the IUD will be long and heavy. Brown discharge during the spiral also appears in the middle of the cycle.

The time of installation of the IUD is determined by the doctor. Most often, the procedure is planned during the last menstrual days of a woman. Therefore, spotting persists after the contraceptive is installed. This is a completely natural phenomenon. No anesthetic is used during the procedure. The gynecologist treats the cervix with an anesthetic. On average, the procedure lasts 5-7 minutes. If heavy discharge appears after installation, you must inform a specialist.

The following are not the norm:

1. Prolonged bleeding. They may progress to heavy periods. This condition continues for a week or longer.
2. Severe pain in the abdominal area.
3. Specific odor from the vagina. This may indicate an introduced infection or a developing bacterial environment.
4. Absence of menstruation for several months.

There are very scanty brown discharges when spiraling. It is normal for them to occur for a few days after installation. Don't worry if your period starts later than usual. The cycle shifts by several days. After the IUD is removed, the cycle will return to normal.

Important! The body, getting used to a foreign device, becomes vulnerable, and the risk of infection and inflammatory processes increases.

Possible complications

When wearing a spiral, a woman should regularly visit her gynecologist. The doctor will monitor the process of getting used to the device and will also help to avoid inflammatory processes. A visit is recommended if:

• prolonged, scanty discharge that does not go away for more than a month. In this case, the woman should undergo tests to detect infection;
• bleeding accompanied by unbearable pain. This occurs when the IUD does not take root in the body. You should immediately remove the IUD and choose another method of contraception;
• menstrual irregularities;
• absence of menstruation for more than six months. This condition requires examination by a gynecologist;
• brown discharge. This symptom indicates that the inflammatory process has begun;
• swelling;
• nausea;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervix;
• back pain.

The following side effects occur after installing a contraceptive device:

• discomfort in the lower abdomen. The spiral is a foreign object in the female body, so it takes time for it to get used to and adapt. Unpleasant sensations are observed in the first 1-2 days after installation of the IUD and pass quickly;
• swelling of the mammary glands and high body temperature. These symptoms are also short-lived and go away without medical intervention;
• heavy bleeding. The reason may be individual intolerance. In such cases, you should remove the foreign device and try another remedy;
• perforation of the uterine wall. This occurs because the IUD was inserted into a woman who was not pregnant or immediately after giving birth.

Possible side effects also include anemia, migraines, skin irritation and rashes, pain during intercourse, and inflammation of the vagina. When using an IUD with hormones, you may experience mood swings, depression, and irritability.

Removal of the IUD

After the IUD, you can plan a pregnancy within the first month. Removal of the IUD is carried out for the following indications:

• at the request of the woman;
• expiration of the period of use. The contraceptive device is valid for 5 years. After this time, you should undergo examination by a specialist and remove the device;
• when the spiral is displaced or partially falls out;
• during menopause.

Removal is carried out in a gynecological hospital. The procedure is carried out during menstruation. The appearance of discharge after the IUD will last only for the period of the remaining menstruation. The regularity of the cycle is restored. The IUD can be removed on any other day of the cycle. The removal procedure is simple and painless.

Important! If the intrauterine contraceptive has grown into the wall of the uterus, then it is not possible to remove it in the usual way. In this case, removal is carried out in a gynecological hospital using diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity.

There are no specific recommendations after removal of the IUD, but there are a number of simple rules that must be followed for 1 week: sexual rest, maintain intimate hygiene, do not use tampons, limit physical activity, do not douche, do not visit baths and saunas.