Biography of Lina Kostenko. Lina Kostenko - a classic of Ukrainian literature banned in the USSR. The feat of Lina Kostenko

Ukrainian writer of the sixties, poetess.

Born into a family of teachers. In 1936, the family moved to Kyiv, where Lina graduated from secondary school No. 123. She studied at the Kiev Pedagogical Institute, the A. M. Gorky Literary Institute, which she graduated in 1956.

Lina Kostenko was one of the first and most notable in the galaxy of young Ukrainian poets who appeared at the turn of the 1950s and 1960s.

The collections of her poems “Rays of the Earth” (1957) and “Sails” (1958) aroused the interest of readers and critics, and the book “Journeys of the Heart”, published in 1961, not only consolidated the success, but also showed the real creative maturity of the poetess and set her name among the outstanding masters of Ukrainian poetry.

Restrictions on the freedom of creative thought and various “disgraces” during times of stagnation led to the fact that L. Kostenko’s poems practically did not appear in print for quite a long time. But it was in those years that the poetess, in spite of everything, worked hard, in addition to lyrical genres, on the novel in verse “Marusya Churai”.

Books:“Over the Banks of the Eternal River” (1977), “Marusya Churay” (1979), “Uniqueness” (1980) have become extraordinary phenomena of modern Ukrainian poetry.

The poetess also wrote a collection of poems, “The Garden of Unmelting Sculptures” (1987), and a collection of poems for children, “The Elder King” (1987). Together with A. Dobrovolsky, the film script “Check Your Watch” (1963) was written.

In 2010, her first major prose work was published - the novel “Notes of a Ukrainian Madman,” the theme of which was defined by publisher Ivan Malkovich as a Ukrainian view of world madness.

Lina Kostenko's works have been translated into English, Belarusian, Estonian, Italian, Lithuanian, German, Russian (Book of Selected Poems, translation by Vasily Betaki, Paris, 1988), Slovak and French.

He appears extremely rarely in public and leads a reclusive lifestyle. Today Lina Kostenko lives in Kyiv.

Biography

Lina Vasilievna Kostenko was born on March 19, 1930 in the city of Rzhishchev, Kyiv region. The parents of the future poetess were teachers. In 1936, the family moved to Kyiv, where Lina graduated from school on Kurenevka and, while still a schoolgirl, began attending the literary studio at the Dnipro magazine, which was edited by Andrey Malyshko. In the post-war years, Lina began attending a literary studio at the Writers' Union of Ukraine. In 1946, her first poems were published. L. Kostenko entered the Kiev Gorky Pedagogical Institute (now the Drahomanov Pedagogical University), but left it and went to study at the Moscow Gorky Literary Institute. In 1956 she graduated from the institute, and the following year the first book of her poetry about the Prominence of the Land was published. Vitrila's second collection was published in 1958, Mandrivka's collection of hearts - in 1961.

Promises

promised to go to the barricades

Writer Lina Kostenko is ready to personally confront the invaders of the icon museum in Radomyshl. She stated this during Olga Bogomolets’ concert at the Ukrainian House.

I have been silent for a long time, but today I will say. My patience has run out. When I imagined that some bandits appeared there, in Radomyshl, in this amazing place that Olya created! I really regret that I was not with you. I don't know how it would have ended. Frankly, this is a case when you need to shoot. If this goes unpunished... I don't really like getting up from my writing desk - a writer has to write. But I see that they will provoke me and take me out...even to the barricades. They will know about this in France, and in Italy, and everywhere,” the LB.ua correspondent reports the words of Lina Kostenko.

Honorary Doctor of Chernivtsi National University (2002); laureate of the National Prize of Ukraine named after. Taras Shevchenko (1987), for the novel Marusya Churai and the collection Uniqueness); laureate of the Petrarch Prize (Italy, 1994); laureate of the International Literary and Art Prize named after. O. Teligi (2000). She was also awarded the Insignia of the President of Ukraine (1992) and the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree (2000), but publicly refused the title of Hero of Ukraine: I don’t wear political jewelry. Lina Kostenko's works have been translated into English, Belarusian, Estonian, Italian, Lithuanian, German, Slovak and French.

Compromising evidence on his political strength

Tymoshenko considers Lina Kostenko to be the morality of the nation. Leader of the VO Batkivshchyna Yulia Tymoshenko called the writer Lina Kostenko the morality of the nation. Yu. Tymoshenko stated this live on the TV channel. This is the morality of the nation. This is the person that Ukraine really lacks,” Yu. Tymoshenko emphasized. She recalled that at creative meetings L. Kostenko said that it would not be possible to start well from your knees, that this was a bad position to start. In this regard, Yu. Tymoshenko noted that if we feel an inferiority complex, we are all on our knees. And as Lina Kostenko said, this is a bad position for starting. And I would like this feeling to disappear at the genetic level,” the leader of the VO Batkivshchyna emphasized. Let us remind you that L. Kostenko’s all-Ukrainian tour in support of her new novel Notes of a Ukrainian Samashed began on January 25. Of the planned seven evenings, the writer spent three - in Rivne, Kyiv and Kharkov. On February 9, a message appeared that L. Kostenko was interrupting his creative tour due to the provocative insinuations of some Lviv writers, journalists and theater workers.

, Ukraine

Lina Vasilievna Kostenko(*March 19, Rzhishchev, Kiev region, Ukraine) - Ukrainian writer, poet. Shevchenko Prize laureate ().

Born into a family of teachers. In 1936, the family moved from Rzhishchev to Kyiv, where they graduated from high school. She studies at the Kiev Pedagogical Institute, the Moscow Literary Institute named after O. M. Gorky, which she graduated in 1956.

He is an honorary professor of the National University "Kiev-Mohyla Academy", an honorary doctor of the Chernivtsi National University (); laureate of the National Prize of Ukraine named after. Taras Shevchenko (for the novel “Marusya Churay” and the collection “Unrepetition”); Petrarch Prize (Italy, ); International Literary and Art Prize named after. O. Teligy (). She was also awarded the Insignia of the President of Ukraine () and the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree, in March 2000.

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• Poems on line (Ukrainian)

A beautiful, confident, strong woman - this is how her family, friends and colleagues know her.

Lina Vasilievna Kostenko was born on March 19, 1930 in the town of Rzhishchev in the Kiev region into a family of teachers. In 1936, the family moved to Kyiv, where the future poetess graduated from high school on Kurenevka and, while still a schoolgirl, began attending the literary studio at the Dnepr magazine, which was edited by the famous Ukrainian poet Andrei Malyshko.

Soon the father was arrested and taken away from the family for ten years.

In the post-war years, Lina began attending a literary studio at the Writers' Union of Ukraine.

After graduating from high school, the young poetess studies at the Kiev Pedagogical Institute, and subsequently at the Moscow Literary Institute. O. M. Gorky, who graduated in 1956. Lina Kostenko was one of the first and most notable in the galaxy of young Ukrainian poets who appeared at the turn of the 50-60s.

The collections of her poems “Prominnya zemli” (1957) and “Vitrila” (1958) aroused the interest of readers and critics, and the book “Mandrivka of the Heart”, published in 1961, not only consolidated the success, but also testified to the real creative maturity of the poetess, set her name is among the outstanding masters of Ukrainian poetry.

In 1962, the collection “Zoryany Integral” was subjected to ideological censorship and did not see the light of day. Another collection, “Prince of the Mountain,” was banned in 1972. This was not strange, because the sound of the poetry in the collection was so bold for that time that one cannot even imagine that these works could have been published.

1964-1965 It was obviously a time of reassessment of values, in particular worldviews. L. Kostenko did not belong to any dissident organizations, but when arrests of the Ukrainian intelligentsia began in 1965, she signed letters of protest. When Vyacheslav Chornovil and his friends were tried in Lviv, she was at the trial. In 1969, a large collection of Poets was published in the diaspora, which included all the best created by the poetess at that time, in particular poems that were distributed in “samizdat” through prohibition by the then censorship. L. Kostenko’s books “Over the Banks of the Eternal River” (1977), “Marusya Churay” (1979), “Unrepetition” (1980) have become extraordinary phenomena of modern Ukrainian poetry, phenomena that significantly influence all its further development.

Restrictions on the freedom of creative opinion and various “disgraces” during times of stagnation led to the fact that L. Kostenko’s poems practically did not appear in print for quite a long time. But it was in those years that the poetess, no matter what, worked hard, in addition to lyrical genres, on her most outstanding work to this day - the novel in verse “Marusya Churai”, for which she was awarded in 1987. was awarded the State Prize of the Ukrainian SSR named after T. G. Shevchenko.

The poetess also wrote a collection of poetry, “The Garden of Unfading Sculptures” (1987), and a collection of poems for children, “The Elder King” (1987). Lina Kostenko lives and works in Kyiv.

For the book “Inkrustatsii”, published in Italian, Lina Kostenko was awarded the Francesc Petrarch Prize in 1994, with which the Consortium of Venetian Publishers recognizes the works of outstanding writers of our time. In 1998 in Toronto, the World Congress of Ukrainians awarded L. Kostenko its highest insignia - the St. Vladimir Medal. In 1999, a historical novel in verse “Berestechko” was written and a lecture “Berestechko” was published as a separate brochure. In 2000, Lina Kostenko became the first laureate of the International Literary and Creative Prize named after. Elena Teliga. She was also awarded the Honorary Badge of the President of Ukraine (1992) and the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree, in March 2000.

Lina Vasilyevna's daughter Oksana Pakhlevska is a literary critic, author of articles on Italian literature, translator of many Italian and Spanish poets.

For more than ten years, Lina Vasilievna has been traveling to the Chernobyl zone with a historical and cultural expedition. What upsets her most is that the zone has gone far beyond the fenced 30-kilometer area. According to the poetess, the lands affected by the disaster are left to the mercy of fate, and this is the greatest mistake of the authorities. Kostenko did not have a good relationship with the authorities. Since 2000, when the current President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma attempted to award the poetess with the order, Kostenko has rejected government awards, calling them “political jewelry.”

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Lina Vasilievna Kostenko Lina Vasilievna Kostenko Birth name: Lina Vasilievna Kostenko Date of birth: March 19, 1930 (1930 03 19) ... Wikipedia

Lina Vasilievna Kostenko Lina Vasilievna Kostenko Date of birth: March 19, 1930 Place of birth: Rzhishchev, Kiev region, Ukraine Citizenship ... Wikipedia

Lina Vasylivna Kostenko Date of birth: March 19, 1930 Place of birth: Rzhishchev, Kiev region, Ukraine Citizenship ... Wikipedia

Kostenko surname. Famous speakers: Kostenko, Alexander Nikolaevich (b. 1949) Ukrainian scientist in the field of jurisprudence and philosophy; Kostenko, Anatoly Mikhailovich (b. 1940) Minister of Defense of Belarus 1994 1995; Kostenko, Vladimir... ...Wikipedia

- (b. 1930) Ukrainian poetess. Creativity is characterized by internal drama, reflections on man at the crossroads of national and world history, collections of poems and poems, Wanderings of the Heart (1961), Above the Banks of the Eternal River (1977), The Garden of the Unfading... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Kostenko, Lina Vasilievna- KOSTENKO Lina Vasilievna (born in 1930), Ukrainian poetess. In poetry there is drama, reflection on man at the crossroads of national and world history, the collections Wanderings of the Heart (1961), Above the Bank of the Eternal River (1977), Garden of Flying Sculptures... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Lina Vasilievna (born 1930), Ukrainian poetess. In poetry there is drama, reflection on man at the crossroads of national and world history, the collections Wanderings of the Heart (1961), Above the Bank of the Eternal River (1977), Garden of Flying Sculptures (1987);... ... Modern encyclopedia

This is a man whom the whole country knows and respects, on whose work more than one generation of Ukrainians has grown up. It's about Line Kostenko. As for me, Tymoshenko’s choice can be considered both successful and failed at the same time.

Its success is that millions of people in Western and Central Ukraine will definitely follow it, but its failure is that it is no longer twenty, not forty, or even sixty.

Let's talk a little about the most famous Ukrainian writer of our time Line Kostenko.

Most closely related to: Yulia Timoshenko, Ivan Malkovich, Ivan Drach, Dmitry Pavlichko.

Biography

Lina Kostenko born on March 19, 1930 in the city of Rzhishchev, Kyiv region. The parents of the future poetess were teachers. In 1936 the family moved to Kyiv, where Lina Kostenko She graduated from school in Kurenevka and, while still a schoolgirl, began attending the literary studio at the Dnipro magazine, which was edited by Andrey Malyshko.

In the post-war years Lina Kostenko started attending a literary studio at the Writers' Union of Ukraine. In 1946, her first poems were published. It was after their release Lina Kostenko entered the Kiev Pedagogical Institute named after Gorky (now the Pedagogical University named after Drahomanov), but left it and went to study at the Moscow Literary Institute named after Gorky.

In 1956 Lina Kostenko graduates from the institute, and next year the first book of her poetry, “The Prominence of the Land,” is published. The second collection "Vitrila" was published in 1958, the collection "Mandrivka of the Heart" - in 1961.

Creative path

In 1962, Lina Kostenko’s collection “Zoryany Integral” was subject to ideological censorship and never saw the light of day. The same fate befell her collection “Prince of the Mountain” in 1972. Since then, the poetic word Lina Kostenko a ban was declared, her works were not published in separate editions, and even the author’s name itself disappeared from the pages of periodicals. The poetess wrote “in a box.”

Lina Kostenko did not belong to any dissident organizations, but when arrests of the Ukrainian intelligentsia began in 1965, she signed letters of protest, and when Vyacheslav Chernovol and his friends were tried in Lvov, she was at the trial.

In 1977 Lina Kostenko She returned to poetry - her collection "Over the Banks of the Eternal River" was published, two years later - a novel in verse "Marusya Churai", in 1980 - a collection "Non-repetition", in 1987 - a collection "The Garden of Imperishable Sculptures". For the novel “Marusya Churay” and the collection “Unrepeatedness” the poetess received the State Shevchenko Prize of Ukraine.

In 1989, the collection “Favorites” was published. For the book "Inlays", published in Italian, Line Kostenko in 1994 the Francesco Petrarch Prize was awarded, which the Consortium of Venetian Publishers recognizes the works of outstanding writers of our time.

In 1998 in Toronto, the World Congress of Ukrainians awarded Lina Kostenko the highest insignia - the medal of St. Vladimir. In 1999, a historical novel in verse “Berestechko” was written and a lecture “The Humanitarian Aura of the Nation, or the Defect of the Main Mirror” was published as a separate brochure.

In 2000 Lina Kostenko became the first laureate of the O. Teliga International Literary and Artistic Prize. Also among the awards are the Honorary Distinction of the President of Ukraine (1992) and the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree (2000).

Awards

Lina Kostenko - honorary doctor of Chernivtsi National University (2002); laureate of the National Prize of Ukraine named after. Taras Shevchenko (1987), for the novel “Marusya Churai” and the collection “Uniqueness”); laureate of the Petrarch Prize (Italy, 1994); laureate of the International Literary and Art Prize named after. O. Teligi (2000).

Also Lina Kostenko was awarded the Insignia of the President of Ukraine (1992) and the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, V degree (2000), but publicly refused the title of Hero of Ukraine: “I don’t wear political jewelry.” Works Lina Kostenko translated into English, Belarusian, Estonian, Italian, Lithuanian, German, Slovak and French.

Political future

And today in her letter, Yulia Tymoshenko stated that the unified party list in the upcoming parliamentary elections from the opposition should be headed by a person of the level of a poetess Lina Kostenko.

She wrote about this in her open letter, distributed by the press service of Batkivshchyna. Tymoshenko appealed to all leaders of opposition parties with a request to finally unite in real, and not in slogans, and give a real fight to the ruling mafia at the parliamentary elections in 2012.

Tymoshenko believes that only unification into a single party list based on a neutral party and into a single list for nominating candidates in majoritarian districts can be truly realistic.

Only in this case, in her opinion, will all opposition parties have a chance to “prevent the opposition struggle and win the fair fight “Ukraine against the mafia” with a great advantage.

In her opinion, the general list of such a team should be made public in advance for public discussion and a highly moral and patriotic person of Lina Kostenko’s level should be invited to head this list.

Kostenko Lina Vasilievna is a Ukrainian poetess who belongs to the so-called generation of the sixties. She had to go through many trials. She went into creative “hermitage.” Due to her character, she could not even get along with the Ukrainian intelligentsia, whose basic values ​​she always defended. But Lina Kostenko, whose work and life we ​​will consider in this short essay, has always been very beloved among young people. Students, as many years ago, go to her lectures and rare meetings with her. And every time some outstanding event happens in Ukraine, the poetess responds to it with a sharp and sometimes sarcasm-filled aphorism.

early years

Lina Vasilievna Kostenko was born in March, on the 19th of 1930, in the city of Rzhishchev, near Kyiv, into a family of teachers. Six years after her birth, the family moved to She lived on Trukhanov Island, which in those years was called the “Venice of Kyiv.” During the fascist occupation, it was burned along with the village. She graduated from two universities - the Kiev Pedagogical Institute and the Moscow Literary Institute - and in 1956 she entered adulthood. Already in those years, she was unofficially called one of the most promising poets, Lina Kostenko. A photo of our heroine in her youth shows her graceful figure, intelligent face and bold look.

"Sixties"

At first, the poetess's poems were favorably received by critics. But, starting in 1961, she began to be accused of being “apolitical” and was practically not published, and criticism of the then authorities increasingly appeared in her work. Lina Kostenko's poems began to be published in other countries - in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and were also popular in samizdat. When dissidents among the Ukrainian intelligentsia began to be arrested in 1965, she openly spoke out in defense of those persecuted in her characteristic shocking manner. She wrote letters in defense of political prisoners and threw flowers at them during the trial. Even then, young people gave her a standing ovation, despite the danger of such an expression of feelings. Although Lina Vasilievna Kostenko was not arrested herself and was not interrogated, she was simply no longer noticed in the Soviet press. Her name was not mentioned, and she herself was blacklisted. The woman worked mainly “at the table”.

Creativity of the era of disgrace

Despite the fact that the proud Ukrainian poetess was silenced, it was during this period that she wrote her most famous works. First of all, these are the collections “Princely Mountain” and “Over the Banks of the Eternal River”, as well as the novel in verse “Marusya Churay”, the poem “Berestechko” and “Thought about the Non-Azov Brothers”, the play “The Garden of Unmelting Sculptures”. Her poems, even the earliest ones, have deep philosophical overtones. She easily overcomes established literary stereotypes. The collection “Over the Banks of the Eternal River” became a real poetic discovery. Lina’s main credo was the words of one of her heroes that he was not afraid of informers in the tavern, because he preferred to express everything to the king’s face. She enjoyed such love from readers that even Soviet officials were afraid to touch her.

Images and associations

In her works, Kostenko Lina Vasilyevna turns her thoughts to traditional subjects. These are images of art, mythological characters, biographies of famous people. But at the same time, she gives all this a second and third meaning, polemicizes with the present, draws interesting parallels, and makes subtle ironic attacks. Critics claim that in this field the poetess has no equal in modern Ukrainian literature. Her poetic novel on a historical theme, “Marusya Churay,” was an amazing success. This is a literary interpretation of the famous story about unhappy love. A girl who writes popular Ukrainian songs fell in love with a Cossack, and then poisoned him for his infidelity. But the main conflict of the novel is the clash of maximalism and pragmatism, reckless faith and calculation, which many call “the ability to live.” The main creative feature of Lina Kostenko is intellectualism.

Out to people

During the era of perestroika, the poetess’s works not only began to be published, but her merits were very highly appreciated. In 1987, it was Lina Vasilievna Kostenko who received the Shevchenko Prize. The photo you see above captures what the laureate looked like that year. She received this prize precisely for the novel “Marusya Churai”. The poetess also received many other awards. These are the international Petrarch Prize (1994) and the Order of Yaroslav the Wise (2000). But she refused the title of Hero of Ukraine, sarcastically citing the fact that “she doesn’t wear jewelry.” Many of her collections and dramatic works have been published, which have not seen the light of day for many years. In 2010, her poem “Berestechko” was published, as well as her only prose novel, “Notes of a Ukrainian Madman,” which caused a huge stir. Her most popular collections of poems were “The Hyacinth Sun” and “The River of Heraclitus.”

Modern Lina Kostenko

Autobiography is not the genre that inspired the poetess. In all her eighty-odd years, she never bothered to write anything like that. But in 2012, on April 9, on the birthday of Charles Baudelaire, Ivan Dzyuba presented a book about her life, “There are poets for eras.” The poetess continues to write poetry, trying to cover vast historical spaces and comprehend the paradoxes of culture and politics. She very keenly feels the disharmony of the world in which we all live, and expresses it in ironic aphorisms with which she responds to topicality. “What is happening now,” the poetess philosophizes, “is a nightmare that humanity has dreamed. Then it will be called History. And then they will add it to the previous nightmares.” “My ears bleed when I hear how my people are being insulted.”

Apocalyptic motifs arise from such feelings in her poetry. But ultimately, Lina Kostenko’s work is not aimed at despair and hopelessness, but at the desire for perfection, humanity, the desire to reach the intelligence and dignity of fellow citizens. “And no matter what anyone says to anyone, evil will disappear and truth will win!” - she is sure. At one of the press conferences, the poetess expressed her long-standing dream. She would like not to write poetry with political overtones, but “to draw birds with a silver pencil on linen.”