Leucorrhoea is an unusual discharge from the vagina. Brown discharge in women: dark and light, copious and spotting Gynecology if the discharge

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Vaginal discharge: causes and treatment depending on color, smell, consistency and other factors

Vaginal discharge: causes of its occurrence, as well as effective methods of treatment
Vaginal discharge are a fairly common condition that from time to time worries all representatives of the fair sex, without exception. In most cases, the occurrence of vaginal discharge causes fear in a woman. In fact, only a few can distinguish normal discharge from pathological ones. We note right away that vaginal discharge can be either odorless or odorless. Their color can vary from red-bloody to yellowish. Based on consistency, there are curdled, foamy, and jelly-like discharges. Along with their occurrence, a woman may also experience symptoms such as pain, itching, and irritation. After reading the information presented in this article, you will be able to familiarize yourself with the most common forms of vaginal discharge, as well as learn about methods of diagnosis and treatment of pathologies in which they occur. In addition, this article will provide information regarding the problem of vaginal discharge during pregnancy.

Does vaginal discharge always indicate the presence of a disease? In what cases is vaginal discharge considered normal?
Vaginal discharge can occur even in completely healthy women, and this condition is considered normal. Signs of healthy vaginal discharge include:

• Clear, liquid discharge ( jelly-like, mucus)
• Discharge without a noticeable odor
• A small amount of discharge
• Discharges that do not cause irritation to the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs
• Discharge not accompanied by an increase in body temperature, pain or discomfort in the genital area.

If a woman is completely healthy, then vaginal discharge most often resembles mucus in consistency, which is produced by the glands of the cervix. This type of discharge is considered to be normal, since with its help it is possible to cleanse the genital tract, as well as protect the genitals from the effects of certain infections. Both the amount of normal vaginal discharge and its consistency are determined not only by the general health of the fairer sex, but also by the phase of the menstrual cycle. For example, a particularly large amount of liquid vaginal discharge is observed as ovulation approaches.
An increase in the amount of this type of discharge in a normal state of health is also possible in the case of excessive sexual arousal, against the background of stress or the use of certain pharmaceuticals, due to changes in climatic conditions.
Quite a large amount of copious liquid discharge is also observed in pregnant women, and in the last months of pregnancy there is even more of it. The increase in their number during pregnancy is easy to explain. The fact is that during this period, an increase in the number of sex hormones occurs in a woman’s body.

Vaginal discharge - what can it be?
Below, readers will be presented with information regarding the most common forms of vaginal discharge, as well as the reasons that provoke their development.

Vaginal discharge of varying colors, smells and consistency
We already said a little higher that all healthy representatives of the fairer sex experience watery, transparent and colorless vaginal discharge. If they acquire a different consistency, a specific smell or some color, then, most likely, some kind of disease has settled in the woman’s body:

Bloody (red) vaginal discharge - is a signal that there is blood in the vaginal discharge. In most cases, this type of discharge occurs two to four days before the onset of menstruation, after which it turns into heavy discharge along with the onset of menstruation. It is worth noting that this type of discharge tends to occur several days after menstruation. If the discharge is not abundant, then it is better for the woman not to panic. This phenomenon is especially common in women who wear IUDs.
Quite often, spotting is blackish or brown in color, which indicates the fact of oxidation, as well as destruction of blood in the vagina.
There are also cases when a woman experiences spotting, which contains a small amount of blood. As a rule, perimenstrual bleeding does not have a specific odor.

Sometimes light spotting is observed at the time of ovulation, as well as in women who wear a spiral or use oral contraceptives. In the case of a constant occurrence of this phenomenon while wearing an intrauterine device or using contraceptives, it is necessary to discuss this fact with a gynecologist, having previously made an appointment with him.
If bloody vaginal discharge is in no way related to the menstrual cycle, then it can be considered a signal of the presence of some pathology.
In most cases, this type of discharge makes itself felt:

• For menstrual irregularities
• Endometriosis ( adenomyosis)
• Cancer or cervical erosion. In this case, the discharge is especially abundant after sexual intercourse.

If a woman experiences bloody vaginal discharge that is in no way related to menstruation, then she should immediately discuss this issue with her doctor.

As for sudden red discharge, it can be caused by an unexpected miscarriage in the first months of pregnancy. If an ectopic pregnancy develops, a woman experiences very strong, prolonged bleeding. If, in addition to discharge, a woman also exhibits some symptoms of pregnancy, then she should be immediately taken to the hospital.
Yellow and whitish vaginal discharge is especially often observed with the development of certain infectious pathologies that tend to be sexually transmitted. The yellow or whitish color is due to the accumulation of a huge number of leukocytes and microbes in the secretions.

Purulent vaginal discharge are observed in such infectious pathologies as chlamydia, trichomoniasis, thrush, gonorrhea and others. As a rule, this type of discharge also causes a feeling of discomfort in the genital area and itching. Sometimes women also complain of pain in the lumbar region or lower abdomen. During pregnancy, whitish, viscous vaginal discharge is considered to be a normal condition if the expectant mother does not experience other symptoms of the disease.

Curdled, foamy, thick vaginal discharge
A change in the consistency of vaginal discharge is also considered to be one of the clear signs of the presence of a particular pathology. We already said a little higher that normal discharge must be liquid, similar to mucus. If the discharge is white, cheesy or foamy, then most likely the woman has some kind of infectious disease.

Vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor
The appearance of vaginal discharge with a specific odor indicates the presence of an infectious pathology. The smell in this case can be either sour or rotten or reminiscent of the smell of fish. It occurs against the background of the activity of pathogenic microorganisms, which tend to decompose nutritional components, while releasing gases with a very unpleasant odor.

Vaginal discharge before and after sexual intercourse
At the moment of sexual arousal, the vaginal glands of the fair sex tend to intensively synthesize vaginal lubrication, so that a large amount of liquid transparent discharge, which is noted before and during sexual intercourse, is considered to be the norm. Women should not be afraid of the occurrence of thick, profuse discharge even after sexual intercourse. The fact is that if sexual intercourse took place without using a condom, then it is quite possible that in this way the vagina is trying to cleanse itself of sperm. In most cases, this type of discharge disappears in a fairly short period of time.
If a woman experiences spotting during or after sex, then most likely she has cervical erosion.
The appearance of yellow, purulent, white, gray or greenish discharge several days or weeks after sexual intercourse is considered to be a signal of the occurrence of some infectious disease.

Vaginal discharge as a symptom of infection
Vaginal discharge is considered to be a clear sign of the development of an infectious pathology of the genital tract in only a few cases. The largest number of pathologies in which vaginal discharge is noted are infectious and transmitted during sexual intercourse.
The most common causes of vaginal discharge include:

• Candidiasis ( thrush)
• Urogenital trichomoniasis

Urogenital trichomoniasis as a cause of vaginal discharge
Urogenital trichomoniasis is an inflammatory pathology of the genital tract of men and women, which is infectious in nature. This disease occurs as a result of exposure to a microorganism in the human body. Trichomonas vaginalis . Infection with this pathology occurs during sexual intercourse. A clear sign of the development of this disease is considered to be inflammation of the vaginal mucosa. In medicine, this condition is called vaginitis. If vaginitis develops, a woman experiences very strong foamy vaginal discharge with a very specific odor. With chronic vaginitis, the discharge becomes thick, yellow or white. In most cases, in addition to the discharge, the woman is also bothered by very severe itching in the external genital area.

Diagnosis of urogenital trichomoniasis
It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis of urogenital trichomoniasis, taking into account only the presence of discharge and some other symptoms of this pathology.
To identify this pathology, studies such as:

• A cultural research method is the cultivation of colonies of microorganisms taken from the vagina on special nutrient media and their further study.
• Microscopic examination of unstained ( native) a smear taken from the vagina.
• PCR (polymerase chain reaction) research method involving the study of genetic material Trichomonas vaginalis .
• Microscopic examination of a stained vaginal smear. It is painted with special dyes.

Therapy for urogenital trichomoniasis is possible only if the woman has been given a truly accurate diagnosis of this pathology. Among the most effective medications used in the fight against this pathology are: Nimorazole, Metronidazole , Ornidazole, Tinidazole and others. It is very important that the treatment of this disease is carried out under the vigilant supervision of a doctor. Self-treatment in this case is not recommended, since this pathology can become chronic if not treated properly. As a rule, during therapy for urogenital trichomoniasis, vaginal discharge initially becomes weaker, and then disappears completely. It is also important to draw the attention of readers to the fact that the absence of discharge does not mean complete healing, so the course of treatment must be completed to the end. How long it will last will be determined by your attending physician.

Bacterial vaginosis as a reason contributing to the development of vaginal discharge
Bacterial vaginosis is a very common pathology accompanied by discharge that has an unpleasant odor. This disease occurs as a result of a very strong growth of bacteria directly on the vaginal mucosa. In a healthy state, these bacteria are also present in the vagina, but only in very small quantities. These can be counted as Peptococcus, so Gerdenerella vaginalis , Bacteroides and others. With the development of this pathology, a woman experiences white vaginal discharge with a fishy odor. To make a diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis, information about the presence of discharge alone is not enough.

Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis involves the use of such research methods as:

• pH-metry, or detection of the acidity of the vaginal environment. In a normal state, the vagina has an acidic environment, but in the case of bacterial vaginosis, it becomes alkaline.

As soon as the diagnosis is made, the doctor will immediately prescribe an effective treatment for this disease.

Therapy for bacterial vaginosis involves the use of local drugs, namely:

• Vaginal suppositories clindamycin ( one hundred milligrams) – must be inserted into the vagina once a day for six days.
• Metronidazole gel seventy-five percent - must be inserted into the vagina once a day for five days.

There are also cases when systemic medications are used in the fight against this pathology:

• Ornisid forte should be taken orally five hundred milligrams in the morning and evening for five days.
• Clindamycin Take three hundred milligram capsules in the morning and evening for seven days.
• Metronidazole(Trichopolum) in the form of tablets of two hundred and fifty milligrams. You should take two tablets morning and evening for seven days.

Urogenital candidiasis (thrush) as a cause contributing to the occurrence of vaginal discharge
Urogenital candidiasis is an inflammatory pathology of the genital organs in women and men, resulting from exposure to fungi of the genus Candida. In women with the development of this disease, white thick discharge is observed. In addition, they may experience discomfort and itching in the genital area. Quite often, this disease also causes pain and cramping during urination.

Diagnosis of thrush involves the use of the following research methods:

• Examination under a microscope of unstained smears taken from the vagina.
• Examination under a microscope of smears taken from the vagina stained with special dyes.
• Mycological study, which involves the detection of the type of fungus that provoked the development of urogenital candidiasis.

Therapy for urogenital candidiasis is determined by the pathogenesis of the disease: if a woman experiences infrequent exacerbations of this disease, then to combat it she is prescribed medications such as:

• Clotrimazole vaginal tablets two hundred milligrams - must be inserted into the vagina once a day for three days.
• Clotrimazole vaginal cream one percent should be inserted into the vagina once a day for seven to fourteen days.
• Isoconazole– vaginal suppositories of six hundred milligrams. It is recommended to insert into the vagina once.

If exacerbations of urogenital candidiasis occur more than four times a year, and the woman experiences very strong, thick white discharge, then systemic medications in tablet form are used:

• Itraconazole (Irunin, Orungal) should be taken two hundred milligrams once a day for three days.
• Fluconazole ( Diflucan, Flucostat, Mikomax) - used according to several treatment regimens: one hundred and fifty milligrams once, or one hundred milligrams on the first, fourth, and seventh day of therapy.

Local therapy for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system not only allows the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms, but also inevitably leads to an imbalance in the beneficial microflora of the vagina and a decrease in local immunity. If you do not quickly restore the lactoflora, activation of opportunistic microflora is possible, which will lead to an exacerbation of thrush or bacterial infections. For the same reason, antifungal therapy for vaginal candidiasis may not be effective enough. Therefore, it is important, after the first stage of treatment aimed at eliminating the infection, to carry out the second stage - to restore the balance of beneficial microflora with the help of Lactozhinal capsules. This is the only tribiotic drug registered in the Russian Federation. Laktozhinal quickly restores the pH and microflora of the vagina and protects for a long time from re-exacerbation of bacterial vaginosis and thrush. Two-step therapy has recently become the gold standard for the treatment of conditions accompanied by pathological discharge. Many experts are confident that only this method can provide a pronounced and long-term therapeutic effect, strengthen local immunity, which serves as the prevention of subsequent exacerbations.

In the fight against severe forms of this pathology, rather complex combinations and regimens of antifungal medications are used, which are prescribed to the patient by his attending physician.
Self-medication for any of the above ailments is impossible. Sometimes vaginal discharge is the result of several infectious pathologies at once. Under such circumstances, a course of therapy can only be prescribed by a specialist, and then only after he has the results of all the necessary studies.

Vaginal discharge during pregnancy
Vaginal discharge is especially alarming to expectant mothers, since during this period they are responsible not only for themselves, but also for the child. In fact, every pregnant woman should pay special attention to the nature of vaginal discharge in order to “sound the alarm” at the right time.

Discharge in early pregnancy
A little higher, we said that copious clear discharge in the first months of pregnancy, which is not endowed with a specific odor, is normal.
If a woman experiences bloody discharge during this period, then this may serve as a signal of an unexpected miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy.
Whitish or purulent vaginal discharge in the early stages of pregnancy is considered to be a sign of the development of one or another infectious pathology.

Discharge in late pregnancy
In the second trimester of pregnancy, in a healthy pregnant woman, vaginal discharge may acquire a thicker and more viscous consistency. This phenomenon is normal. If vaginal discharge is bloody, this may serve as a signal of the onset of premature labor or miscarriage, so in such cases, emergency hospitalization of the expectant mother is recommended. Brown vaginal discharge in late pregnancy quite often occurs due to minor bleeding from the vessels of the cervix. In this case, a pregnant woman should also visit a doctor.

When should you see a doctor for vaginal discharge?

Every woman and girl can have normal and pathological vaginal discharge. Normal discharge is caused by natural physiological processes occurring in the body, and therefore is not a sign of pathology and does not require visiting a doctor. But pathological discharge is caused by various diseases, so if they appear, you need to consult a doctor. Accordingly, in order to understand when you need to see a doctor for vaginal discharge, you need to know which discharge is pathological and which is normal.

Normal discharge is small in volume, translucent, transparent or whitish in color, watery, creamy or jelly-like consistency, with a slight sour odor. Normal discharge does not irritate the genitals and does not cause discomfort, itching, redness or swelling. Also, normal discharge does not emit a strong or unpleasant odor (for example, fishy odor, strong sour odor, etc.).

In addition, slight bloody or brownish discharge 2 to 4 days before and after menstruation is considered normal. Light spotting for several days during ovulation is also considered normal.

Bloody discharge not before or after menstruation, and also not during ovulation, is considered pathological. In addition, discharge of a greenish, yellowish, grayish, earthy color, containing impurities of pus, blood, flakes, bubbles, having a cheesy or other heterogeneous consistency, emitting an unpleasant pungent odor or causing itching, burning, swelling, redness and discomfort in the genital area, is pathological. organs.

Which doctor should I contact if I have pathological vaginal discharge?

For any pathological discharge, a woman should consult a doctor obstetrician-gynecologist (make an appointment). If the discharge causes discomfort, itching, redness, burning or swelling in the genital area, the woman can contact an obstetrician-gynecologist or venereologist (make an appointment), since such symptoms indicate the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process, which can be treated by both a gynecologist and a venereologist.

If, within two weeks after intercourse, the nature of the discharge changes, impurities of pus, mucus, flakes or bubbles appear in it, they turn greenish, yellowish, grayish or earthy in color, and begin to emit an unpleasant odor, then the woman can also consult a venereologist or a gynecologist, since such discharge indicates infection with an infectious disease.

What tests can doctors prescribe for vaginal discharge?

The list of tests and examinations that a doctor may prescribe for vaginal discharge depends on the nature of the discharge, accompanying symptoms and the results of the gynecological examination.

First of all, for any type of discharge, the doctor prescribes a gynecological bimanual examination (by hand) and examination of the tissues of the vagina and cervix in the speculum. These studies are considered routine and are carried out without fail when a woman goes to a medical facility regarding vaginal discharge of any nature.

Further, if there is quite heavy bleeding (blood discharge, as during menstruation, in the same or greater quantities), the doctor usually prescribes ultrasound examination (ultrasound) (sign up) and/or separate diagnostic scraping (sign up). Moreover, an ultrasound is performed first, and if the ultrasound results reveal a neoplasm in the uterus (for example, fibroids, polyps, etc.) or endometriosis, then separate diagnostic curettage is not performed, since it is not necessary. In such a situation, if a neoplasm is detected, the doctor may prescribe hysteroscopy (make an appointment) or suggest surgery to remove the formation. If endometriosis is detected, the doctor prescribes a determination of the concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone in the woman’s blood. In addition, in some cases, diagnostic tests are prescribed for endometriosis. laparoscopy (make an appointment). If ultrasound results reveal endometrial hyperplasia, miscarriage, etc. against the background of bleeding, then curettage is prescribed.

If the bleeding is minor or is of the nature of bloodstaining, then during the examination the doctor will determine the condition of the cervix and vaginal tissue. If there is damage to the cervix, for example, erosion, injury from an intrauterine device or other object, then colposcopy (sign up) for itching, burning, swelling, redness and discomfort in the genital area) the doctor always prescribes first flora smear (sign up), which allows you to identify a number of the following infectious diseases: candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis), gonorrhea (sign up). These sexually transmitted infections are the most common compared to others, and therefore at the first stage the doctor does not prescribe more expensive and complex tests, because a simple smear on the flora allows them to be detected.

If, based on the results of the smear, it was possible to identify candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gardnerellosis or gonorrhea, then the doctor can go in two ways - either immediately prescribe treatment, or take a smear from the vagina for bacteriological and mycological culture to determine which antibiotics and antifungal agents will be most destructive in relation to the infectious agent present in a particular case. If the immediately prescribed treatment turns out to be ineffective, the doctor prescribes bacteriological or mycological culture.

If, according to the results of the smear, no infectious agents were detected, but there is a picture of inflammation, then the doctor prescribes more complex tests to identify pathogenic microbes. Usually, first of all, an analysis of vaginal discharge is prescribed for the presence of Trichomonas and gonococci using the PCR method and blood test for syphilis (treponema pallidum) (sign up), since these are the pathogens that occur most often. If the results of the analysis reveal any, then treatment is prescribed.

If gonococci, Trichomonas or Treponema pallidum are not detected, then ureaplasma test (sign up), chlamydia (sign up), mycoplasma (sign up), gardnerella, bacteroides. Tests for these pathogens can be different - bacteriological culture, PCR, ELISA and various methods of collecting and staining vaginal smears. The choice of analysis is made by the doctor and depends mainly on the technical capabilities of the medical institution or on the financial capabilities of the patient, since the most accurate tests most often have to be taken in private laboratories for a fee.

If the test results reveal the absence of trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, syphilis, candidiasis, ureaplasmosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and gardnerellosis, but there is an inflammatory process in the genitals, then the doctor may prescribe tests for the presence of viruses - herpes virus types 1 and 2, human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, which can also provoke inflammation in the female genital organs.

Pregnant women who suspect leakage of amniotic fluid are usually prescribed a vaginal smear test for scales. In addition, there are pharmacy, ready-to-use tests for leakage of amniotic fluid, which are similar in principle to pregnancy tests. A pregnant woman can use such tests independently. Otherwise, when inflammatory vaginal discharge appears, pregnant women are prescribed the same tests as non-pregnant women. And if bleeding occurs during pregnancy, women are sent to the hospital for examination, since in such a situation they can be a sign of pregnancy complications.

What does discharge in early pregnancy tell you?

Before use, you should consult a specialist.

Normally, a healthy woman produces a small amount of vaginal secretion every day. This is a mucous discharge that may vary in thickness.

It is formed due to the secretion of the glands of the vestibule of the vagina, cervix, and endometrium. Microorganisms that form the biocenosis of the vagina participate in the formation of fluid.

During certain periods of life, the amount of vaginal discharge may increase. Sometimes they change color, consistency and smell, and become pathological.

Why do the discharge change?

Vaginal discharge becomes more abundant under the influence of estrogen. This is clearly noticeable during the period of ovulation, when there is more fluid, but it resembles clear, light mucus or egg white. This is normal.

Sexual arousal dilates blood vessels, increases blood flow to the pelvic organs. Some of the plasma sweats from the capillaries into the vagina. At the same time, the discharge becomes larger and more liquid. Sometimes an increase in secretion is noticed before the onset of menstruation.

During pregnancy, under the influence of hormones, the amount of discharge also increases; it can be white, creamy, viscous, but does not cause irritation and is not accompanied by itching and burning. There should be no inflammatory changes in the smears.

Pathological leucorrhoea has other characteristics:

1. 1 Color changes from transparent to white, sometimes with other shades.
2. 2 The consistency becomes viscous, liquid, foamy.
3. 3 The quantity increases in different proportions, sometimes there are a lot of them.
4. 4 A foreign odor may appear (pronounced sour, rotten).
5. 5 Based on the physical properties of leucorrhoea, it can be assumed which microorganism provoked the disease.

White discharge in women is observed more often than others. The main reasons for their occurrence are changes in hormonal levels (early pregnancy, ovulation, etc.), infection (cervicitis), erosion and ectopia of the cervix.

2. Candidiasis

This fungal infection is the most likely cause of white discharge. Most often they resemble cottage cheese, thick and grainy, but can be slimy and viscous, odorless. Additional symptoms are itching and burning in the vagina and urethra.

3. Bacterial vaginosis

Grayish-white, viscous discharge, sometimes with a yellow tint, is observed with.

6. Ectopia and erosion of the cervix

These diseases are also often accompanied by copious light, transparent or white discharge; their amount naturally increases before menstruation, after sexual intercourse and during ovulation.

A woman often experiences intermenstrual bleeding and experiences slight bleeding after sex (additional trauma to the epithelium is accompanied by the appearance of brown and creamy discharge).

These pathologies require mandatory observation by a gynecologist, diagnosis and timely treatment (electrocoagulation, laser coagulation, cryodestruction or conization).

7. Additional signs

White discharge is not a single symptom of the disease. They are often accompanied by the following symptoms:

1. 1 Itching in the intimate area of ​​varying intensity. Sometimes it appears before copious discharge. With candidiasis and trichomoniasis, itching is observed more often than with bacterial vaginosis and mycoplasmosis.
2. 2 Swelling and redness are signs of an inflammatory reaction.
3. 3 Increased bleeding. In inflamed mucous membranes, vessels are easily damaged, slight bleeding appears after sexual intercourse, gynecological examination, and so on.
4. 4 The smell may also change. Normal female discharge is odorless, less often slightly sour. With candidiasis, the sour smell becomes more pronounced and pungent. Gardnerellosis is accompanied by an unpleasant fishy odor. A sharp, heavy odor is observed with purulent inflammation (gonorrhea, trichomoniasis).

The appearance of white vaginal discharge may be accompanied by dyspareunia - painful sensations during sexual intercourse. They are also observed during examination. Pelvic pain occurs when the upper floor organs (the mucous membrane of the uterus, appendages) are involved in the inflammatory process.

Dysuric disorders mean involvement of the urethra and bladder (urethritis and cystitis).

A change in the nature of discharge due to a delay in menstruation may be the first sign of pregnancy.

8. Diagnostic methods

The described symptoms are the main reason for visiting a gynecologist. Before the inspection, he must find out:

1. 1 Time of appearance of leucorrhoea.
2. 2 Was this preceded by unprotected sexual intercourse, a change of partner, and so on.
3. 3 Intensity of discharge.
4. 4 Additional complaints (itching and burning, pain, cycle disruption, frequent painful urination, etc.)
5. 5 The presence of odor in an intimate place and its intensification during hygiene procedures, after sex.
6. 6 Intensity of pelvic pain.
7. 7 Have you done any treatment yourself? This may impair diagnosis.

Then an examination is carried out on the chair. It is carried out even during menstruation. Girls with pathological discharge should be examined in the presence of their parents. Girls who have not had sexual relations are examined bimanually through the rectum. Examination of the vagina is performed without mirrors, so as not to damage the hymen.

During the examination, attention is paid to the condition of the mucous membrane, its swelling and hyperemia. White plaque can be tightly attached to the walls of the vagina, and when you try to separate it with a spatula, bleeding occurs. Such symptoms are characteristic of candidiasis.

The main stage of diagnosis is. This technique allows you to identify fungi, gardnerella, trichomonas, gonococci and prescribe appropriate treatment. In some cases, bacterial culture and PCR diagnostics are required (complex real-time PCR, Femoflor test).

9. How can I treat it?

The correct treatment tactics depend on the causative agent of the infection:

1. 1 Vulvovaginal candidiasis should be treated with antifungal agents. If the vaginal opening is very itchy, you can eliminate the itching using local remedies. To treat thrush, suppositories are most often used: Clotrimazole, Pimafucin, Miconazole, Butoconazole. Fluconazole (Difluzon, Diflucan, Flucostat) can be used internally.
2. 2 Bacterial vaginosis must be treated with antibacterial drugs. Metronidazole (Trichopol), Tinidazole are effective. They are used in the form of tablets (orally, orally) or in vaginal form (gel, vaginal suppositories, capsules).
3. 3 For trichomoniasis, Metronidazole, Ornidazole, Tinidazole are prescribed. Both sexual partners should undergo treatment. Trichomonas vaginitis often becomes chronic and then recurs. Therefore, the effectiveness of treatment must be confirmed using PCR 30 days after the end of the course.
4. 4 For chlamydia and mycoplasmosis, the most effective are macrolides (Josamycin, Azithromycin) and Doxycycline (Unidox Solutab, course - 1 week).
5. 5 Vaginitis and cervicitis caused by opportunistic bacteria are treated with vaginal suppositories, gels containing broad-spectrum antibiotics (Poliginax, Terzhinan, Clindamycin) and antiseptics (Hexicon, Fluomizin, Betadine). The average course duration is 7-10 days.

After a course of antibiotics and antimycotics, it is recommended to restore the balance of the vaginal microflora. In case of recurrent candidiasis, it is necessary to isolate a culture of fungi, determine their sensitivity to drugs, look for the cause of decreased immunity and eliminate it.

Every representative of the fair sex should ask the question: “What should be the normal discharge in women?” After all, they can already be used to determine the state of women’s health. Every woman can see a small amount of discharge on her underwear every day, and this is considered quite normal. However, in some cases this may indicate the presence of serious pathologies and abnormalities in the body. From this article you will learn about what normal discharge should be like in women, as well as what indicates the presence of pathologies. Please read the information provided carefully in order to protect and equip yourself as much as possible.

What should be normal discharge in women?

The body of each representative of the fairer sex is individual, therefore the discharge will differ in appearance, as well as in other characteristics. However, there are common features that are characteristic of all healthy women. Let's look at the main characteristics:

• The daily amount of discharge should not exceed five milliliters. It is impossible to accurately determine their volume, but approximate results can be obtained using a panty liner. The diameter of the stain from discharge on it should not exceed one and a half centimeters.
• It is also very important to pay attention to their consistency. If the woman is healthy, they will look like egg whites or mucus. However, they should be quite thick. However, on some days of the cycle, as well as during pregnancy and sexual arousal, they may become excessively liquid. In the situations listed above, this is also not a pathology.
• Many representatives of the fair half of humanity are interested in the question: “What should be the normal discharge in women?” It is also important to pay attention to their structure. They should not be curdled or in the form of flakes. Only a small amount of thick compaction is allowed.
• Another indicator of discharge is the smell. In a normal state, it should be slightly sour, since the vaginal environment is acidic, or they should not have any odor at all.

Normal discharge in women by day of the cycle

As you know, little girls do not have vaginal discharge. They begin to appear only when the girl’s hormonal levels begin to return to normal. It should be taken into account that throughout the menstrual cycle the amount of discharge, its color and consistency will change. This is not a pathology, so there is no need to worry about it. The main thing is to study what secretions accompany the main phases of the cycle.

Changes in the phases of the menstrual cycle occur due to changes in the level of female hormones in the blood. Most often, a woman's menstrual cycle is 28 days. It is on this basis that we will consider what changes will occur in the female body:

• Usually from the first to the 12th day after the end of menstruation, the first phase of the menstrual cycle begins. During this period, a small amount of discharge appears, colored whitish or yellowish. In this case, the norm is considered to be a condition when a small number of small white lumps appear in the mucus. The normal smell of women's discharge is considered sour.
• Ovulation occurs from the 13th to the 15th day of the cycle. In this case, the woman’s discharge may increase significantly, and it will be very viscous. can be transparent, white and even cream or beige.

• The end of the cycle occurs on the 16-20th day. During this time period, the amount of mucus produced decreases, and its consistency becomes similar to jelly. What color is normal discharge in women in this case? In the period after ovulation, leucorrhoea can be transparent, white and yellowish. Brown leucorrhoea gradually appears, which is evidence that menstruation is approaching.

Why does the female body need secretions?

The most basic task of the mucus produced by the female vagina is to protect the vagina itself, as well as the uterus, from the penetration of foreign pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, mucus will protect the vagina from drying out and cleanse the birth canal. She can also make sexual intercourse comfortable, which will contribute to successful conception. If vaginal discharge is produced in insufficient quantities, this can lead to infection of the female reproductive system, as well as to pain during sexual intercourse.

What is included in the secretions?

Every representative of the fair sex should know what discharge in women is considered normal, as well as what is included in it.

First of all, their main component is mucus, which is formed by the cervical canal. It provides reliable protection of the cervix from infectious microorganisms. The secretions also include constantly renewed epithelial tissue cells lining the surface of the uterus.

Do not forget about the special microflora of the vagina. The composition of mucus includes a large number of different microorganisms, including pathogenic ones. If a woman’s immune system malfunctions, pathogenic microflora begins to multiply rapidly, and this leads to the occurrence of infectious and inflammatory processes. However, the main part of the microflora is lactic acid bacteria, which provide the sour smell.

What drives change?

Photos of normal discharge in women indicate that leucorrhoea can have a different color and consistency. We have already mentioned that these parameters change depending on the phase of the cycle. They can also change when infected with infectious diseases or for a number of other reasons. Let's consider what can affect the state of the discharge.

• If a woman is just starting to be sexually active or changes partners, then completely unfamiliar microflora penetrates her vagina (we will consider only non-pathogenic microflora). What color of discharge in women is considered normal in this case? When you change partners, the amount of discharge may increase, as well as its consistency and even color. All this is considered normal.
• The sexual act itself contributes to the production of special secretions. After sexual intercourse without using a barrier method of contraception, the discharge looks like clots, colored white or yellowish. However, within a few hours their condition will return to normal.
• Hormonal contraceptives taken by the fairer sex also change discharge. Such drugs act by inhibiting ovulation and changing hormonal levels. This means that against the background of their use, the amount of discharge will be significantly reduced. The same thing happens during breastfeeding. As soon as this process ends, secretions begin to be produced as before, according to the phases of the cycle.

• Photos of normal discharge in a woman during pregnancy indicate that during this period, the production of mucus significantly increases in the fairer sex. This is due to the fact that blood circulation in the genital area is significantly accelerated. But in the last three months of pregnancy, the volume of discharge increases even more. This usually indicates that labor is imminent.

How to determine the presence of diseases?

In fact, quite often women themselves influence changes in the vaginal microflora. You can influence its condition by not following the rules of personal hygiene, as well as by frequent douching using special solutions or even plain water. The vagina can clean itself on its own. Let's consider what can lead to problems with self-cleaning of this organ:

• Long-term use of antibacterial drugs.
• Treatment with hormonal medications. This also includes the use of hormonal contraceptives.
• The presence of late stages of diabetes mellitus.
• Problems with the immune system.

Please note that even clear and white discharge may indicate the presence of pathologies. Therefore, go to the gynecologist regularly and do not hide from him what is bothering you. Let's consider what the presence of discharge of one color or another may indicate.

Transparent selections

It is very important to understand what discharge in women is normal and abnormal. At first glance, transparent discharge is considered the most harmless. However, even clear mucus may indicate the presence of pathogenic processes. Thus, an excessive amount of clear mucus may indicate the presence of inflammatory processes in the appendages and endometrium. If the disease has already reached an advanced stage, then it is possible that there are blood clots in the clear mucus. In this case, the discharge will have an extremely unpleasant smell of rotten fish.

White discharge

Normal and abnormal discharge in women may be white in color. Most often, it is white discharge that indicates that a woman is healthy. However, they can also be evidence of the presence of pathological processes. How to distinguish normal white discharge from abnormal ones?

Be sure to consult a gynecologist if the white discharge has a cheesy consistency, is released in very large quantities, and also smells extremely unpleasant. Moreover, their occurrence is usually accompanied by itching and redness of the external genitalia. In fact, there are simply a huge number of reasons for the occurrence of white pathological discharge. Let's look at the most common of them:

• thrush or candidiasis should be put first;

• white discharge may also indicate infection, poor lifestyle, use of hormonal therapy, or lack of timely hygiene;
• white discharge may indicate the presence of pathologies such as colpitis or adnexitis.

Bloody discharge

Every representative of the fair sex should know what normal discharge looks like in women. Blood in the discharge is usually considered a serious pathology. The only exception is the condition before the onset of menstruation. If a woman has scarlet or brown discharge every day, this may indicate the presence of a very serious disease. Let's look at exactly what pathologies can lead to bleeding:

• cervical erosion;
• the presence of benign and malignant neoplasms;
• the presence of inflammatory processes in the endometrium;
• presence of polyps.

In addition, bleeding can also be observed after an abortion, miscarriage, due to improper use of hormonal medications and for a number of other reasons. It is very important not to self-medicate and consult a gynecologist in a timely manner.

Presence of yellow and green discharge

It is very important to understand what discharge is normal in women. There are a large number of sexually transmitted diseases that can change the color and consistency of mucus. Let's look at the most common of these diseases:

• Many women are faced with a pathology such as trichomoniasis. The disease is accompanied by copious secretion of yellowish and greenish foamy mucus, which has a disgusting smell of rotten fish.
• During inflammatory processes in the ovaries or fallopian tubes, a yellowish liquid is formed, which simply flows out of the vagina in very large quantities. At the same time, women do not have the normal smell of discharge.
• The vagina itself can also become infected. At first, mucus is secreted as before, and only gradually its production begins to rapidly increase. But very serious symptoms can begin to appear only a year after infection.
• Gonorrhea is considered a very unpleasant and dangerous disease. It is characterized by the presence of copious yellow-green discharge, accompanied by a foul odor.

Pap smear at the gynecologist

Every woman should undergo a preventive examination by a gynecologist twice a year. In this case, it is very important to take a smear, which allows you to determine the state of the female microflora. First of all, the doctor will take a general smear, with which you can determine the cleanliness of the vagina. With its help, you can determine the state of the epithelial cells, as well as identify diseases that arise due to the presence of pathogenic microflora. Such diseases include thrush, vaginitis, vaginosis and others.

If necessary, the doctor will take a smear for hidden infections, as well as oncology.

Usually the smear collection procedure is painless. Only in some cases it can lead to slight discomfort. A smear is taken from the cervix using a brush or sterile cotton swab.

How to restore vaginal microflora?

Very often, pathological discharge in women occurs due to disturbed vaginal microflora. If other reasons are to blame for the change in discharge, it is very important to identify them and not self-medicate. In any case, visit a gynecologist. He will take all diagnostic measures and prescribe the most optimal treatment for you.

If your microflora is disturbed, you need to pay attention to your lifestyle. Stop drinking alcoholic drinks, start eating right and consume as much dairy products as possible.

Avoid douching completely. This will make your problem even worse. It is better to use herbal suppositories. Chamomile and calendula will produce an excellent anti-inflammatory effect and gradually normalize the microflora.

Follow all the rules of personal hygiene, if possible, refuse to use hormonal contraceptives, and you will notice how the mucus in your vagina acquires the desired color and consistency.

conclusions

White discharge in women is normal, provided it is of the right consistency. Monitor your health carefully. Vaginal discharge is an indicator of women's health. If you notice any deviations in color, consistency or smell, immediately go to the gynecologist, because they may indicate the presence of very serious pathologies. Don't forget that your health is in your hands. Only you are responsible for its condition. Therefore, take care of yourself, take care of yourself and take care of yourself, and then your body will begin to take care of you. It is much easier to prevent any disease than to treat it. This should be one of the main rules in your life. Take care of yourself and be healthy!

Reasons for the different nature of discharge in women

Vaginal discharge in women is one of the most common reasons for visiting a gynecologist. Of course, women normally have discharge every day, but not all of them are normal, some are symptoms of various diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases. So, which discharges in women require treatment, and which are normal and natural.

Physiological discharge

Any gynecologist will confirm that normal discharge in women is not abundant, the color is transparent, maybe mixed with white, and the underwear has a yellow tint. Moreover, vaginal discharge does not cause any discomfort, such as itching, and also does not have a sharp, unpleasant odor.

The secretion of leucorrhoea in women increases significantly at the time of sexual arousal, as well as during and after sexual intercourse. In addition, profuse leucorrhoea is observed in women of reproductive age in the middle of the menstrual cycle. This is related to ovulation. Complaints of abundant mucous discharge in women occur in the first weeks of pregnancy. This does not mean at all that the embryo is in danger; soon the amount of discharge returns to normal. Such changes are associated with changes in hormonal levels.

Changes in vaginal microflora

Thousands of microorganisms live in the vagina of every woman, which constitute the “microflora”. Among them are opportunistic microorganisms that begin to multiply under certain conditions, thereby leading to disease. In this case, we are talking about the 2 most common diseases that are not sexually transmitted and are not venereal - candidiasis and gardnerellosis.

Discharge in women is white, profuse, similar to cottage cheese with a sour odor and accompanied by severe itching, most often caused by an opportunistic pathogen - fungi of the genus Candida. In addition to the discharge, the woman notices swelling of the vulva and redness of the labia. Treatment is carried out only if these symptoms are present and the smear result is poor. There are a number of drugs that are quite effective in combating thrush, which is what people call candidiasis. But it must be taken into account that white discharge in women may appear periodically when favorable conditions arise for the proliferation of the pathogen that causes candidiasis. But more on that below.

Another disease with similar symptoms, but only with it, grayish discharge appears in women with the smell of rotten fish. The disease is called gardnerellosis. The causative agent is gardnerella. Its frequency is approximately equal to candidiasis, and is also diagnosed using a smear on the flora. Less often, green discharge appears in women, frightening in its unusualness.

When diagnosing both candidiasis and gardnerellosis, it is recommended to undergo a full examination for all kinds of sexually transmitted diseases, and especially for hidden infections. Since it is with them that the vaginal microflora most often changes pathologically. Treatment of gardnerellosis at the initial stage is aimed at eliminating pathogenic flora, the second stage is creating a normal environment in the vagina.

Both diseases described above have risk factors, the conditions under which they most often develop.

1. Taking antibiotics.

2. Rare sex without the use of barrier contraception, as well as frequent changes of sexual partners.

3. Use of hormonal contraception.

4. Douching, especially with chlorine-containing solutions (usually used as a prevention of infection with sexually transmitted diseases, it should be noted that this prevention is rather weak).

5. Use of spermicides containing 9-nonoxynol as contraception.

6. Use of lubricants containing 9-nonoxynol.

It should be noted that men can also develop candidiasis and gardnerellosis. And in this case, abundant, thick, transparent discharge in women, grayish or white cheesy, appears in their partners, usually at the same time. But if the partner has all the signs of the disease, but the man does not, he does not need to be treated.

Sexually transmitted diseases

Most infections are characterized by vaginal discharge of one kind or another. We will look at 2 of them, which are quite common.

1. Trichomoniasis. This disease, which often leads to female infertility, is characterized by yellow discharge in women, pain during urination and sexual intercourse, and inflammation of the external genital organs. In men, the symptoms are the same, and they are quite similar to the signs of prostatitis. Treatment if the pathogen (Trichomonas vaginalis) is detected in a smear. Moreover, treatment does not consist in using drugs locally, they are absolutely ineffective, but in taking anti-trichomonas drugs internally.

2. Gonorrhea. One of the most ancient diseases. Its causative agent is gonococcus. Men have clear symptoms, but women usually only have yellow or white discharge, which many women do not take seriously, considering it a manifestation of candidiasis. Another symptom is painful urination, which is mistaken for cystitis. But this disease is very dangerous; it affects not only the genitourinary system, but also joints, skin, liver, heart and other internal organs. Gonorrhea is also diagnosed by laboratory methods.

Menstrual disorders and gynecological diseases

1. Cervical erosion. This fairly common pathology can cause mild intermenstrual bleeding. They do not occur on their own, but due to some mechanical effect on the cervix, for example, as a result of sexual intercourse.

2. Hormonal contraception. Birth control pills, which are quite popular now, have many side effects in the first cycles of taking them. A common side effect is brown discharge in women outside of menstruation. This “daub” does not pose a health hazard. If this side effect is present, the doctor may recommend other birth control pills, change the type of contraception, or simply wait 2-4 months until the side effects disappear on their own, since in this situation they are temporary.

3. Age-related disorders of the menstrual cycle. Delays in menstruation, too long intervals between them or, on the contrary, too short, intermenstrual discharge in women is often brown during the first 1-2 years after the very first menstruation. And vice versa, with the extinction of menstrual function, that is, with the onset of menopause. However, even if you fit into one of these two categories, you should not hope that everything will work out on its own. It is quite possible that the reason is not at all due to age and natural hormonal changes in the body, but to a disease, and not necessarily gynecological. In case of serious menstrual irregularities, it is necessary to consult not only a gynecologist, but also an endocrinologist.

Bloody, brown discharge during pregnancy

They are one of the most dangerous symptoms that cannot be ignored at all stages of pregnancy. Possible reasons are described below.

1. Hormonal changes. Surely, you have heard from experienced women that menstruation can occur during pregnancy. This phenomenon is very rare, but does occur in some expectant mothers. Moreover, spotting appears only in certain weeks, with the same regularity as menstruation. It is because of this rare feature of the female body that in areas where medical care was poor, pregnancy was sometimes determined on the basis of symptoms such as visual enlargement of the uterus (abdomen), movement of the child and a vertical stripe (pigmentation) on the abdomen, appearing only in the middle of the term .

2. Ectopic pregnancy. In the early stages, you need to think about this diagnosis if brown or bloody discharge appears. If the test is positive but you have discharge, see your doctor. During an early examination, the doctor is unlikely to be able to determine where the fertilized egg is developing - in the uterus or not. But on an ultrasound everything becomes clear. If hCG is above 1000 mU/ml, the pregnancy is more than 4 weeks (from the first day of the last menstrual cycle), but there is no fertilized egg in the uterus, there is reason to suspect an ectopic pregnancy. Another distinctive feature is the slow growth of hCG.

3. Frozen pregnancy. It is less dangerous than ectopic, but still requires prompt diagnosis. One of the main signs of a frozen woman is, again, spotting, which intensifies when a miscarriage begins. When frozen, the fetal heartbeat is not detected on ultrasound, hCG stops growing, and its concentration in the blood and urine decreases.

4. Threatened or incipient miscarriage. Scanty brown discharge may be a sign of a hematoma formed as a result of detachment. This condition does not require treatment. If you notice scarlet blood on your underwear and the discharge is quite profuse, you need urgent hospitalization. This is the only way to save a pregnancy. Miscarriage cannot be avoided if the cervix has already dilated and there is a large detachment of the chorion or placenta.

This is what different types of vaginal discharge mean. And these are by no means all of their possible reasons. Don't forget to visit your gynecologist regularly (at least once a year).

Vaginal discharge normally does not cause any discomfort to a woman. However, many people try to get rid of any vaginal discharge completely, considering it a sign of illness or uncleanness, not realizing that the discharge is as normal as saliva in the mouth.

Discharge is a kind of signal for a woman. If they suddenly change their color and smell, this is a sign of a possible disease.

Vaginal discharge: description, meaning and characteristics

Vaginal discharge is completely normal and does not indicate any pathology or disease. The vagina itself is lined from the inside with a mucous layer with many glands that secrete mucus. If you know what discharge is considered normal, you can suspect an inflammatory process in time and consult a doctor.

Like the intestines, the vagina has its own microflora. It is home to various bacteria and fungi that maintain the condition of the mucous membrane and protect the walls of the vagina and uterus from the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms.Trying to get rid of discharge completely is not only pointless, but also dangerous. The absence of any mucus indicates that the mucous membrane does not have a protective layer, which means the path for infection is open.

Discharge is the process of cleansing and protecting a woman’s genital organs.

Normally, a woman, starting from the arrival of her first menstruation, regularly secretes mucus from the vagina, maintaining the microflora of the genital organs. The amount of mucus may increase during ovulation or before menstruation. There should be no vaginal discharge before your period begins. Regular secretion of mucus before puberty indicates pathological processes in the body, inflammation, etc.

The composition of vaginal discharge is determined by cells and various microorganisms. Normally, they may contain coccal bacteria, viruses, and fungi, but if they actively multiply, they will cause an inflammatory process.

Highlights include:

• Slime from . In the area of ​​the cervix there are glands that secrete mucus that protects the uterus from infection.
• Epithelial cells from the uterus. Epithelial cells are constantly renewed, and old ones descend into the vaginal cavity and come out.
• Various microorganisms. The vaginal flora is represented by various lactic acid bacteria, coccal bacteria, Dederlein bacilli, and also in small quantities. Conditionally pathogenic bacteria can also be contained in secretions, however, with the onset of the inflammatory process, their number increases, which leads to various.

Color: normal and possible diseases

Gynecologists say that normal discharge in a healthy woman is scanty, transparent and odorless. However, taking into account the physiological characteristics of the body, the color of the discharge can vary to yellow.

As soon as the inflammatory process begins in the vaginal cavity, the color of the discharge changes. This is a signal to see a doctor and undergo it. It is not recommended to diagnose yourself based solely on the color of vaginal discharge. The same symptom can be a manifestation of different ones.

What the color says:

• Yellow. Yellow vaginal discharge does not always indicate pathology. If they are light and not abundant, then this is the norm. Even brighter yellow discharge is considered normal if it appears a day or two before menstruation. In this case, there is no reason to worry. Vaginal discharge of a pronounced yellow color is a sign of an inflammatory process if it has a strong unpleasant odor, sharply increases in quantity, which has not been observed before, and is also accompanied by irritation and redness of the genitals.
• Green. In any case, the green color of the discharge is not normal. Even if other signs of inflammation have not yet appeared, this is already a signal that should not be ignored. As a rule, green discharge indicates the presence of an inflammatory process in the vagina. The discharge turns green when the amount of it increases. Green discharge sometimes appears with vaginitis, inflammation, cervicitis (inflammation of the cervical canal).
• White. White or milky discharge is considered normal if it appears in small quantities, does not have a distinct odor and is not accompanied by pain, stinging, or itching. Thick and profuse white discharge may contain pus. As a rule, they are also accompanied by an unpleasant odor.
• Red. Red discharge contains blood. They are completely normal during menstruation and the day before it (scanty bleeding). Breakthrough and bleeding in the periods between menstruation can be a symptom of cervical cancer, miscarriage in early pregnancy, etc.

Smell and consistency: types, norm and pathology

In the absence of diseases, vaginal discharge has no odor. They are watery, not abundant, without inclusions, compactions, or clots. The consistency of the discharge may depend on the characteristics of the body. Even if the discharge has become somewhat thicker, this cannot be considered a pathology in the absence of other signs of inflammation.

A change in consistency is often indicated when other symptoms appear, for example, a change in color, the appearance of odor, blood, etc. The appearance of bloody, dense discharge with obvious clots and pain requires medical attention and consultation with a gynecologist.

In the case of odors, any unpleasant odor that was not there before is taken into account. It is advisable to visit a gynecologist if any odor appears, but sometimes the cause of this condition is insufficient adherence to personal hygiene rules.

You need to take into account the smell that appears if a woman washes herself daily and changes her linen and towels:

• Sour smell. Most often, the sour smell of discharge occurs when fungi actively multiply (with candidiasis). This disease is popularly called thrush. Yeast fungi begin to actively multiply when immunity decreases, causing an unpleasant sour odor, foamy or thick cheesy discharge, itching and irritation of the genitals. This disease occurs in many women and cannot be completely cured. In the presence of provoking factors, thrush may appear again.
• The smell of fish. A strong fishy odor in the discharge often indicates vaginosis. The balance of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the vagina is disrupted, gray or greenish discharge appears with a strong unpleasant odor of stale fish.
• Metallic smell. A metallic odor (smell, ) occurs with bloody discharge. If they appear in the middle of the cycle, accompanied by severe pain, this may be a sign of an inflammatory disease or cervical cancer.
• Putrid smell. The smell of rot, as well as copious yellow discharge, can also be signs of cancerous tumors.

What to do if the discharge is bad

The first thing to do if suspicious discharge appears is to consult a doctor and undergo testing. The gynecologist will listen to complaints, conduct an examination and take. A smear analysis will help identify the infection and clarify the pathogen.

It is not recommended to diagnose yourself and begin treatment by attributing any discharge to thrush. Taking various antifungal drugs in the absence of candidiasis can only worsen the situation.

If it is not possible to see a doctor at the moment, you can use universal anti-inflammatory local remedies that will help relieve symptoms before seeing a doctor. Such drugs include Lactagel. This is a vaginal gel in the form of microtubes for one-time use. The drug helps restore normal vaginal microflora and enhance the growth of beneficial bacteria. However, this measure cannot be considered universal for any disease.

To cure the cause of unpleasant discharge, it is necessary to make a diagnosis and undergo comprehensive, comprehensive treatment.

After diagnosis, it is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations of the gynecologist. Many diseases can be recurrent, so interrupting the course of treatment at the first signs of improvement is not recommended.

No inflammatory or infectious diseases of the genital area should be treated at home with folk remedies. Only complete treatment and regular monitoring will help avoid such serious complications as cancer, chronic inflammatory diseases, etc.

More information about vaginal discharge can be found in the video:

Most often, treatment for such conditions begins with drug therapy. The doctor prescribes antibacterial or antifungal drugs for oral use, as well as local suppositories, ointments, gels, and douches to eliminate the infection. Often, for a full recovery, it is important to undergo treatment together with a partner.

In some cases, physiotherapy, diagnostic and therapeutic curettage, as well as therapy to restore normal vaginal microflora are prescribed.

Any vaginal discharge during pregnancy causes concern in a woman for fear of harming the child and causing infection. Most often, spotting during pregnancy is frightening.

They may not be abundant or quite abundant. In any case, bleeding during pregnancy is a bad sign. You need to see a doctor immediately. Sometimes spotting is not serious, but it is better to be on the safe side.In addition to bloody discharge, a pregnant woman may have discharge with an unpleasant odor and a changed color, which indicates an inflammatory process and also requires immediate treatment.

Types of discharge:

• White. During pregnancy, hormonal changes occur, which leads to an increase in the amount of discharge. This is completely normal if the discharge is clear, odorless and does not cause irritation, burning or redness. It is worth paying attention to the so-called mucus plug. This is a clot of mucus streaked with blood. It is formed in the area of ​​the cervical canal and protects the uterus and baby from infection. The plug should come out before giving birth. If she comes out earlier, this indicates premature birth and the woman needs to be hospitalized.
• Yellow discharge. If the discharge has a yellowish tint, this is not a pathology. Dark or rich yellow discharge with an unpleasant odor is a sign of an inflammatory process.
• Brown. Brown discharge indicates the presence of coagulated blood in the discharge. Like scarlet blood, such discharge may not be normal during pregnancy. They can indicate both an ectopic pregnancy and a possible threat of miscarriage. In this case, pain may appear in the lower abdomen. If the gestation period is long enough, such discharge is attributed to the beginning of the birth process. They can appear simultaneously with contractions.

Any questions about discharge during pregnancy should be discussed with your doctor. The presence of an inflammatory process in the vagina is dangerous for.