Disease when there are many teeth. Interesting facts you didn't know about teeth. Supernumerary teeth: causes of appearance

Hyperdontia is the presence of supernumerary teeth, or, in simple terms, extra teeth. In most cases, this harms facial aesthetics, leads to speech problems and oral injuries.

Some sources contain other names for hyperdontia - polyodontia, hyperdentia, gynerodontia, supradentia. All these terms describe the same anomaly, which occurs in 2% of the population of our planet - both in children and adults.

Symptoms of polyodontia

Normally, a person has 20 baby teeth, which are replaced by 32 permanent teeth. If there are more of them, the following symptoms may appear:

• crowding of teeth (a position in which they fit too tightly and/or overlap each other);
• violation of the closure of the upper and lower jaw (bad bite);
• difficulty pronouncing sounds;
• injuries in the oral cavity (if there are too many teeth, they can injure the tongue and oral mucosa).

Symptoms during the eruption of supernumerary teeth:

• aching pain;
• swelling of the gums and nasal mucosa;
• increased body temperature;
• upset stomach and intestines.

For a more accurate diagnosis of hyperdontia, computed tomography is recommended, in which you can see those extra crowns that have not yet erupted or remain in the bone tissue or under the gum.

In most cases, polyodontia is caused by extra canines or incisors. Most often they appear on the upper jaw.

Supernumerary teeth may not be different from other teeth, but may appear abnormal - in the form of drops or spikes, with a flattened or shortened crown part. Often they grow together with other crowns and are intertwined with their roots.

In 70% of cases of hyperdontia there is only one supernumerary tooth, in 25% of cases there are two, in 5% there are more than three. Medicine knows of cases when there were 37, 80 and 232 of them!

Supernumerary teeth

By origin, polyodontia is:

Crowding is observed due to the fact that permanent teeth have already appeared, but baby teeth have not yet fallen out (for some, they do not fall out at all and remain in adulthood).

True.

Occurs when a person develops extra molars.

Classification of hyperdontia according to the placement of supernumerary teeth:

Typical.

All extra teeth are within the row.

Atypical.

A rare form of the disease in which supernumerary teeth are located outside the dentition or even outside the mouth (there are cases when they were on the palate, in the brain).

Science does not reliably know the causes of polyodontia. At the present stage, the following two hypotheses are popular:

Primitive man had more teeth than Homo sapiens. Some scientists believe that hyperdontia manifests itself as an attempt by the dental system to return to its original appearance.

Splitting of the tooth germ in the embryonic period.

According to this hypothesis, the cause is considered to be various developmental disorders of the fetus in the womb, due to which the tooth germs are formed incorrectly. We are talking about an unfavorable environmental situation, infectious diseases, and bad habits of a pregnant woman.

The second hypothesis has more adherents, because against the backdrop of environmental deterioration in recent years, such anomalies have become more and more common.

Consequences of crowded teeth

Hyperdontia can cause complications of the following nature:

• malocclusion (the jaw may not close correctly); problems with diction;
• displacement of adjacent teeth (due to lack of space, they can change their inclination and shape);
• frequent caries, inflammation of the gums (due to crowding, the interdental spaces are difficult to clean; bacterial plaque accumulates in them).

Correction of hyperdontia

If the extra teeth are complete, are in the dentition, do not disturb its shape and do not injure the oral mucosa, they do not have to be removed. In other cases, treatment is necessary. Children undergo procedures to facilitate teething. If necessary, orthodontic treatment is prescribed to correct the bite.

Mandatory removal for hyperdontia is indicated in the following cases:

• milk bite (baby teeth that do not allow permanent teeth to erupt and are not retained);
• dystopia (improper placement of teeth in the dental arch; grown with an inclination or displacement);
• retention (if the crown is “stuck” in the bone or gum and cannot erupt).

Hyperdontia, as a rule, can be successfully treated. But do not forget that the result depends both on the individual characteristics of the patient and on the experience of the doctor. Our website presents a complete catalog of dental clinics that effectively correct crowded teeth, making your smile healthy and beautiful.

The loss of natural teeth is an absolute tragedy for every person. This can happen at any age, since the causes of destruction can be different: fracture or loss of a tooth due to injury, destruction as a result of caries, the formation of a cyst during improper treatment.

Experienced doctors at the LeaderStom dental clinic will help you eliminate and replace dental defects in your mouth using prosthetics. Depending on the degree of damage and the number of lost teeth, there are several options for installing removable and non-removable tooth replacement structures.

Types of prosthetics

Based on the type of design and nature of use, dentures are divided into three groups: removable, fixed and conditionally removable tooth-replacing structures. The choice of type of prosthetics depends on the situation, the number of lost teeth, the state of the dental system and the person’s somatic health.

Prosthetics can be complete or partial. The first type of construction is used when a person has missing teeth on one or two jaws. In this case, the doctor places the patient with removable (plastic or nylon) structures or conditionally removable dentures on implants. If a person still has teeth in his mouth, then, depending on their condition, location and number, prosthetic options of all three types are possible.

Let us tell you more about the types of prosthetic structures:

• Removable dentures. Made from nylon or acrylic plastic. Replaces one or more teeth in a patient's mouth. Such prosthetics are also possible on completely toothless jaws. They differ in the method of fixation: vacuum fastening of the dental prosthetic element to the gum, fastening with hooks (clasps) or locks (attachments). The last type of fastening is typical for clasp prosthetic structures, the basis of which is a metal arch on which a plastic prosthesis is fixed. The vacuum principle is used in plate and nylon removable structures. Removable immediate dentures are temporary elements installed in the mouth, aimed at creating aesthetics during the manufacture of the main denture
• Fixed dentures. Used to replace one to three teeth in a patient's mouth. If the tooth is destroyed to the ground, but a healthy root remains in its place, then the pin restoration method is used or a cult inlay is installed. When a person is missing 1 or 3 teeth in his mouth, bridge structures (made of metal or ceramic) are used. Adhesive prosthetics is considered a gentle way to install bridge elements. When using it, the supporting teeth are not subjected to grinding, unlike the classical method of prosthetics on bridges. Fixed prosthetics on implants are used in patients with the loss of one tooth or with more extensive dentition defects in the mouth.
• Conditionally removable dentures. They are prosthetic structures on mini-implants. Abutments are installed on artificial titanium rods, onto which the prosthesis is subsequently fixed. This method is used in case of complete absence of teeth in the patient, as it helps to securely fix the tooth-replacement element in the mouth. The structures are called conditionally removable, since the patient will not be able to remove them from the mouth without the help of a dentist.

If you decide to install one or another denture, then this information will be useful to you. And by contacting the LeaderStom dental clinic, you will receive detailed advice on the topic of installing dentures in your mouth and learn about all the possible options for prosthetics in your case.

Preparation for prosthetics

Dental prosthetics takes place in several stages. They include both preparatory procedures and the process of installing dentures in the patient’s mouth.

When you decide to undergo a prosthetic procedure, be prepared for the following:

First, an examination will be required to assess the condition of the dental system and the remaining teeth in the person’s mouth. The patient is prescribed images: an orthopantomogram or computed tomography (CT) of one or two jaws. These studies show the nature of the location of teeth in the oral cavity, help identify dental diseases, evaluate and measure the size of bone tissue.

The implantologist will use these images to plan the course of the implantation operation. And the orthopedist will determine the possibility of installing a cult inlay in the root of the tooth, assess the condition of the supporting teeth for bridge prosthetics.
To carry out prosthetics on implants, it is important to assess the patient’s somatic condition. Since such a prosthesis cannot be installed for people suffering from heart and blood diseases, tuberculosis or diabetes.

Before prosthetics, a study of the patient’s oral cavity is required. If a person has inflammatory processes in the area of ​​the oral mucosa, then the installation of dentures should be postponed until they are eliminated.

If the doctor has not found any contraindications to prosthetics in the patient’s medical history, and examination of the oral cavity and assessment of the condition of the dental system have not revealed any serious abnormalities, then prosthetics can be started.

How does prosthetics work?

Before carrying out the prosthetic procedure for missing teeth in the patient’s mouth, the doctor makes a prosthesis based on the impressions taken. A model is cast from wax, which at the next visit is adjusted to the individual parameters of the structure of the patient’s oral tissues. Later, the wax part is replaced with a permanent plastic part, which is adjusted at the last visit.
The process of installing prostheses on implants includes one more stage - the implantation of full-fledged artificial roots or mini-implants, onto which abutments are fixed, and only then the prosthesis itself is installed. When installing clasp dentures with locks, an additional visit to the doctor is required to fix the attachments, one part of the mechanism of which is fixed on the prosthetic structure, and the other on the supporting teeth.

Prosthetics with fixed bridge structures also includes several stages. In the classic method of fixing a bridge in the patient’s mouth, a procedure is performed to grind the supporting teeth. If an adhesive prosthesis is used, then the invasive fixation method creates small grooves in the teeth into which fiberglass supports are inserted. The non-invasive method involves the use of adhesive and metal overlays (Maryland Bridge).

During the production of a permanent prosthetic structure, the patient is offered to use a temporary immediate prosthesis to restore aesthetics. Wearing it can take from several months to six months. It all depends on the nature of the prosthetics and the complexity of the process.

This section provides brief information about what the prosthetic process is. When you contact the LeaderStom clinic, you will receive a complete detailed description of all stages of the chosen method of installing dental prosthetic structures. This will help you get an idea of ​​what awaits you and what you should prepare for if you decide to get one or another denture.

Having installed a prosthetic structure in your mouth, you should not forget that it is important to properly care for it. Your doctor will give you recommendations on how to care for your dentures. Following his advice will help not only extend the life of the prosthetic element, but will also protect the remaining teeth in the mouth from destruction.

Care of fixed and conditionally removable dentures.

Fixed dentures are cleaned in the same way as other teeth, but be sure to maintain oral hygiene. Otherwise, accelerated destruction of the supporting teeth under bridge structures will occur. Patients with implants should be especially attentive to cleanliness and antiseptic treatment of the oral cavity during the period of implantation of artificial roots in order to avoid the risk of inflammation.

Caring for removable dentures.

Removable dentures require careful care. After eating, the tooth replacement structures of this plan are washed under running water, then the remaining crumbs are removed from the gingival part under the denture. Removable elements must be treated daily with special antiseptic liquids.

The life of people who have decided to get dentures is more difficult compared to the life of happy owners of a natural healthy smile, but this is not a reason for frustration. The inconveniences associated with wearing dental replacement structures are not so great, and the effect of their installation in the mouth justifies the discomfort.

Removable and fixed dentures provide excellent aesthetic results and restore the functions of lost teeth in a person’s mouth. Wearing such dentures slows down the process of bone tissue atrophy and prevents the occurrence of visible changes in the structure of the dental system.

Normally, there are from 28 to 32 teeth in the human oral cavity. The exact amount depends on whether he has wisdom teeth or not. But there is a pathology of polyodontia, in which additional elements appear in the dentition and even beyond it. At first glance, there is nothing terrible about this phenomenon, but polyodontia in humans can lead to undesirable consequences. In this article we will try to figure out what kind of pathology this is, what causes it to appear, and what measures a doctor can take to eliminate it.

Features of the pathology

Two extra wisdom teeth are not pathological. This is a common and completely normal phenomenon that does not in any way affect human health or bite formation. Literally translated, the term “polyodontia” (or “hyperdontia”) is interpreted as “many teeth.” Considering the structure of the human jaw system, it only partially reflects the essence of the problem. This refers to excess teeth that normally should not be there. Even one supernumerary tooth is already a pathology that requires immediate treatment.

Most often, it is detected in adulthood; in children, abnormal extra teeth are still in their infancy. If it is found in a child, then the number of supernumerary elements usually does not exceed 4 additional teeth. In an adult, they can be located not only in the dentition, but also outside it. By looking at the photo, you can get an idea of ​​this pathology.

Why does the anomaly develop?

The reasons why hyperdontia appears have not yet been precisely established by doctors. But there are two main hypotheses that modern medicine tends to adhere to.

1. Polyodontia in humans is an atavism. According to one version, it is believed that nature originally provided a larger number of teeth, and the body is trying to return to this state. In the course of research, it was proven that our ancestors had 6 incisors on both the upper and lower jaws. That is, pathology may be the legacy of our ancestors.
2. According to another version, the anomaly is a consequence of improper intrauterine development of the child. As a result of poor ecology, viruses, a woman’s use of alcohol or illegal medications, the tooth germ becomes split. This version is more plausible, since as the environment deteriorates and bad habits spread, the anomaly is becoming more common.

Scientists are not satisfied with these explanations and continue to conduct research. However, most of them tend to adhere to the second theory, which is associated with the development of pathology in a child at the embryonic level.

Varieties of polyodontia

Supernumerary teeth in children can erupt in the oral cavity in different ways. Dentists classify pathology according to a number of criteria. Firstly, it can be false and true. It is necessary to distinguish between these concepts.

1. False hyperdontia develops if the baby tooth in children does not fall out, but is firmly fixed, fully performing its functions. There are known cases when baby teeth were found in people who had crossed the 50-year mark.
2. True hyperdontia is the pathological formation of additional primordia associated with genetic predisposition or exposure to negative factors.

In addition to these two definitions, a classification of pathology can be distinguished in accordance with where the supernumerary elements are located in the dentition.

1. Typical form - additional elements are located within the dentition. Doctors are inclined to believe that this particular form can be considered the legacy of our ancestors with intensively developed jaws and powerful chewing reflexes.
2. In the atypical form, excess teeth can be located in any part of the oral cavity.

For each of these forms, individual treatment is prescribed. Most often, the supernumerary tooth is removed, after which the bite is corrected using orthodontic appliances.

How dangerous is the pathology?

The anomaly in question often causes tooth retention, that is, it prevents normal complete teeth from fully developing, as a result of which they take an incorrect position or remain in the jaw. If the normal tooth erupted first, the supernumerary tooth displaces it, leading to disruption of chewing functions. Hyperdontia can also lead to the development of a number of pathologies:

• curvature of the roots of permanent teeth and their displacement;
• malocclusion or malocclusion;
• delayed teething, sometimes they simply remain in the jaw;
• deformation of the dentition;
• formation of an open or deep bite;
• permanent damage and injury to the mucous membranes;
• lisp, impaired speech clarity.

Since dental anomalies lead to many negative consequences, if you suspect the formation of a pathology, you should definitely consult a specialist. By solving the problem of supernumerary teeth in a timely manner, you can avoid serious problems with your bite.

Treatment of polyodontia

In modern dentistry, surgical treatment of polyodontia is predominantly practiced. In most cases, it is impossible to do without removing the supernumerary tooth, after which full orthodontic treatment is carried out, correcting the consequences of the pathology. They are not removed only in rare cases. For example, if a complete tooth is underdeveloped and remains in the jaw without erupting.

Supernumerary elements of the dentition begin to erupt in children at different ages. When deciding on their removal, it is necessary to take into account the age of the child, the location of the tooth, the degree of root formation and some other factors. For example, if a complete tooth and an extra tooth erupt at the same time, then the second one must be removed without delay. Removal is a measure aimed at eliminating manifestations of an anomaly. After this, the patient necessarily requires orthodontic treatment, which is prescribed individually.

Polyodontia is a fairly common pathology, but in most cases it is moderate in nature, manifesting itself in the form of one or two extra teeth. We have already told you about the reasons for its appearance, the consequences that may arise in the absence of treatment, and gave you the opportunity to see the anomaly in the photo. If you have strong nerves, we suggest you watch the final video, which shows cases of the most unusual arrangement of supernumerary teeth.

Every person dreams of healthy and beautiful teeth, but not everyone can boast of them. Constant stress, the environment and poor lifestyle have a destructive effect on teeth. In turn, we can prevent the development of diseases if we pay due attention to the condition of our mouth and also know why teeth deteriorate. Our article with descriptions and photos of the main dental problems will help with this.

Why do adults' teeth deteriorate?

No one can give a definite answer to this question - a number of cumulative factors influence oral health. Problems can arise due to neglect of daily dental care, unbalanced nutrition, problems with the body as a whole, trauma to the face and jaw. This is not a complete list of reasons why dental disease may bother you. The reasons for the occurrence of problems also include the fact that usually a person pays attention to the condition of the teeth themselves, but ignores the care of the gums, since it is from them that the destruction of hard tissues can begin.

Types of dental diseases with photos

Dental problems that arise can be divided into three groups: infectious – associated with the presence of inflammation in the mouth, fungal and viral. Each group includes an impressive list of bad conditions that occur under different conditions and, accordingly, have different treatments. Most often, patients seek medical help to diagnose the following reasons.

Caries and pulpitis

The most common dental disease and the reason why teeth disappear among children and adults is caries. Due to the influence of external factors, tooth enamel deteriorates, it begins to gradually deteriorate and looks like a dark spot. External symptoms include a specific bad breath and dry mucous membranes. The pain does not bother you constantly and occurs under the influence of irritants: sour, cold or hot food.

If caries is not treated, it will certainly develop into pulpitis, as a result of which tooth decay spreads to the nerves and surrounding vessels, and the inflammatory process begins. This disease can no longer be ignored; it is characterized by unbearable pain. If you do not seek help from a specialist in a timely manner, it can cause complications that will have to be treated surgically.

Impacted and dystopic tooth

A dystopic tooth is one that grows incorrectly, in the wrong place, at the wrong angle, and sometimes turned in the opposite position. This phenomenon can lead to malocclusion and spoils the smile and facial contours. Often, along with dystopia, a diagnosis called retention is made - when there is a complete or partial delay in eruption. Most often, this situation is encountered by those whose wisdom teeth have begun to grow: in dentistry, impacted and dystopic third molars are a common diagnosis. The result of this pathology can be the development of caries, pulpitis, and inflammation of the oral cavity.

Darkening of the enamel

This is often a cosmetic problem, but it can still cause a lot of inconvenience. It can arise due to the characteristics of the body, poor lifestyle and bad habits, or it may be associated with some kind of dental disease. There are two types of darkening:

• darkening of the top layer of enamel;
• darkening from the inside.

Reasons why tooth enamel changes color include:

• caries and pulpitis;
• stone;
• taking certain medications, such as antibiotics;
• abuse of coloring products: coffee, tea, multi-colored soda, juices;
• excessive fluoridation of the body;
• smoking.

Tooth injury

Trauma is a violation of the integrity of a damaged crown as a result of mechanical damage, leading to a complete or partial loss of its functionality. Injuries include bruise, crack, crown or root fracture, notch, dislocation. As a result of this impact, pain occurs, the tooth begins to wobble and changes its position relative to the rest of the jaw, etc. The diagnosis is made based on a visual examination and x-ray, and then a decision is made on treatment: crown restoration, splinting, or surgery until complete removal.

Tooth hypersensitivity

Increased sensitivity in people is also called hyperesthesia and manifests itself when the enamel is exposed to spicy cold or very hot food. It is characterized by acute unbearable pain that quickly passes after the end of the stimulus. Pain can begin even while brushing your teeth and is associated with thinning of the enamel due to regular whitening, mechanical trauma, and erosion. Treatment is prescribed after identifying the cause that caused the increased sensitivity: fluoridation, prescription of drugs with potassium salts, special therapeutic care for the oral cavity.

What are gum diseases?

Gum disease in children and adults is divided into three main types, depending on the location in which the disease occurs:

(more details in the article: gum diseases with photos and names)

Causes of dental diseases

Bad heredity

Dental problems are often inherited. If a mother and father have a lot of very bad teeth, there is a high probability that their children will have the same problem. Heredity cannot be influenced; the only thing a mother can do is to follow the doctor’s recommendations during pregnancy, lead a healthy lifestyle, establish a balanced diet and take the necessary vitamins.

Neglect of oral hygiene

In feature films about bygone times, actors often shine with snow-white smiles, however, in reality this was far from the case. In fact, young people even around the age of 25 often showed off mouths that were almost completely missing teeth. The lion's share of these problems was associated with a lack of basic hygiene.

Hypovitaminosis

A common symptom of hypovitaminosis is bleeding gums while brushing your teeth. This problem occurs due to a lack of vitamins and worsens in the winter season, when the consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits decreases. If you are concerned about the question of why my tooth is deteriorating, in this case it is necessary to compensate for the deficiency of substances necessary for the body by additionally taking synthetic preparations containing a complex of essential minerals and trace elements.

Prevention of diseases of teeth and gums

The main protection against dental diseases that is available to anyone at home is prevention. The following must be done daily:

• Set up nutrition. It is through food that a person receives most of his vitamins, so you need to eat vegetables every day, and especially raw ones, for example, carrots, which strengthen your teeth and clean them. You should not abuse acidic foods, too hot and too cold, as all these factors have a destructive effect on the enamel.
• Get rid of bad habits. Smoking and alcohol impair blood circulation, which damages blood vessels, which leads to oral problems.
• Properly brush and rinse your teeth. A dentist can give detailed recommendations on how to do this.
• Once a year, undergo a preventive check of the condition of your teeth and gums. This frequency of observations is optimal and will allow you not to miss the onset of pathology development.

From my own experience, I can say: the most important thing in dental problems is to find a good doctor and go only to him. I can’t count how many clinics I’ve changed, both private and public, but I found it, thank God.

Finding a good doctor is half the success. You also need to take proper care of your teeth. I once had a filling fall out and after every meal I rinsed this tooth with a soda solution. I saw the doctor only a month later - the dentist praised me and said that during this time the tooth could be in much worse condition.

Normally, a person should have twenty primary and thirty-two permanent teeth in the oral cavity. It happens that this number significantly exceeds these figures. In dentistry, this phenomenon is called hyperdontia. Also, another designation that defines pathology is supernumerary teeth, as will be shown in the photo below.

Today we will discuss this disease, tell you what causes its appearance and how to treat it.

Hyperdontia

Few people know what this definition is: supernumerary teeth. This phrase is synonymous with hyperdontia and refers to an anomaly in which a person has a large number of teeth that exceeds the norm.

The disease is uncommon and is diagnosed in only 5% of the total population. Of this number of patients, seventy percent have one extra tooth, twenty-five have two, and five have three or more extra teeth growing in the oral cavity. Pathology occurs regardless of a person’s age and gender.

It is worth noting that the disease, when there are many teeth in the mouth, is not an individual feature. This is a disease that has a specific code in ICD 10, namely K00.1.

What anomalies can lead to:

• almost all persons with a similar problem have speech pronunciation defects;
• violations result in displacement of healthy adjacent teeth;
• the pathological process entails delayed eruption;
• Another complication is diastema, a very impressive distance between the teeth;
• healthy roots often suffer and various pathologies begin to develop;
• Often healthy teeth rotate along an axis;
• The last serious violation is the curvature of the bite.

Varieties

There are many teeth in a person's mouth:

• in case of change in natural localization;
• in non-standard areas (for example, on the gums);
• remain in the bone tissue and do not grow further

There are the following types of hyperdontia, as shown in the photo:

Dental anomaly hyperdontia

• awl-shaped teeth form near the lateral and central incisors on the upper part of the jaw. They are distinguished by a sharp cone-shaped configuration and look very ugly. In addition, they can cause serious injury to the oral mucosa;
• paramolars are located near simple molars in the cheek area;
• fangs appear in the top row;
• premolars grow in on the bottom row.

Canines and premolars arise in very deep and hard-to-reach places. This phenomenon can be diagnosed using x-rays.

Clinical signs in children

The main symptom observed with this disease is the presence of excess elements in the mouth. They cause serious harm to a person's quality of life, interfere with speaking, eating well, and spoiling external appearance. But, as in children and adults, such anomalies can also manifest themselves with other clinical signs, which we will talk about later.

Primary teeth in children begin to erupt in the first year of life. The main manifestations are due to the difficulties of breastfeeding. It becomes difficult for the child to take the breast into his mouth and eat milk. The baby becomes too harmful and capricious and does not want to eat. The mother's skin is severely damaged and serious cracks appear.

Clinical manifestations of pathology in children are similar to the symptoms of healthy teeth growth and can manifest themselves:

Very severe signs appear during the growth of a supernumerary tooth in a child., as in the photo, in the upper sky. At the age of two, the disease has an extremely serious impact on the child’s speech development. Children pronounce sounds very difficult, which cannot be corrected by speech therapists. In addition, the tongue and mucous membranes are often severely damaged, resulting in a chronic inflammatory process.

This phenomenon is difficult for schoolchildren to tolerate; they develop complexes and problems with social life.

Symptoms in adults

A disease where there are many teeth in the mouth, as in the photo, is more often diagnosed in patients with permanent teeth than in patients with milk teeth. Dystopic teeth are additional teeth that appear outside their natural position. They grow in the area of ​​the palate and lingual gums.

Hyperdontia is more often diagnosed in patients with permanent teeth than in milk teeth

Symptoms are manifested by the presence of extra teeth in a person’s mouth. In this case, the following are observed:

• speech disorders;
• anomalies in the normal position of the teeth: rotation, curvature, etc.;
• obvious problems with bite;
• damage to the mucous membranes involving inflammation in the mouth;
• often hyperdontia contributes to damage to chewing ability and digestive disorders.

Anomalies can lead to serious mental problems. Thus, due to the lack of aesthetics of a smile, a person fetters himself in conversation and expression of emotions, becomes alienated and complex.

This leads to the development of chronic pathologies of the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and endocrine disorders. Such phenomena in medicine are referred to as psychosomatic diseases.

Impacted teeth do not tend to grow and remain in the bone. A person may not even realize it until some complications arise.

Symptoms:

• looseness of healthy teeth;
• bone swelling;
• aching pain and discomfort that occurs from time to time.

As complications arise, symptoms will be characteristic of this pathology.

One of the most serious consequences is the combination of anomalies of wisdom teeth. In this case, the extra element can take up free space, and the back teeth, which should soon break through, negatively affect the roots and can lead to serious troubles.

Diagnostic and treatment measures

Detecting such an anomaly in the human oral cavity does not present any difficulties. Often people themselves, when they come to the doctor, say that their tooth has sprouted, which should not happen.

Difficulties in diagnosis arise in the case of hidden elements. The most accurate and high-quality way to determine the problem is an x-ray. It will be possible to clearly see the whole situation and its complexity.

The disadvantage of radiography is the fact that it gives flat images and it is impossible to describe the exact location of all teeth and roots. For these reasons, patients are often prescribed a CT scan.

X-ray is the most accurate and high-quality way to determine hyperdontia

Therapeutic measures for hyperdontia are as follows:

• relief of the patient’s general condition, which is extremely necessary for children and pregnant women;
• surgical intervention: extirpation;
• orthodontic therapy.

Features of treatment in children

This is especially true for children of a younger age category, due to the fact that in adults this pathology is hidden. Since the symptoms during this process are very similar to the manifestations of the eruption process, the treatment method will also be carried out according to the same scenario:

• If your body temperature rises, it is advisable to take an antipyretic tablet. This will help get rid of pain and body aches, and also eliminate the inflammatory process of the soft tissues of the gums and palate;
• local anesthetics have an immediate analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect;
• For children over two years of age, it is advisable to treat the disease with medicinal herbs and bee products. It is useful to rinse your mouth with healing solutions to prevent inflammation and relieve pain.

Sometimes the extra elements do not appear completely, but only partially germinate. Such patients are indicated for special massage, as well as electrical stimulation.

Surgery

The prognosis of the pathology will depend on many factors:

• all unnecessary dental components that have a negative impact on the growth and formation of the jaw are eliminated;
• All dystopic and retinal species are subject to unquestioning removal.

As a rule, removing a fully formed supernumerary tooth in a child is not a problem.

Immediately before the extirpation procedure, it is advisable to take an x-ray to determine the exact number of roots, their size and ratio. After this measure, the specialist anesthetizes and removes the problem. If necessary, stitches are applied after the intervention.

To get rid of an impacted tooth, it is necessary to conduct a detailed examination of the patient and plan the course of events well:

• at the initial stage, X-rays and CT scans are done to identify topography;
• the patient is given an injection with a local anesthetic;
• sometimes general anesthesia is given according to indications;
• if necessary, access to the problem area is carried out from the lingual part;
• after removing the mucous membrane, the bone is opened and removal manipulation is carried out;
• extensive bone anomalies are covered with special materials, and the mucous part is sutured.

After the manipulation, the person must continue therapy at home. It involves taking antibiotics and rinsing your mouth with antiseptics.

At the time of hospitalization, you should avoid eating hard, too hot and spicy foods, and also carry out careful hygienic cleaning in the pathological area.