Causes of osteoporosis in young men. Osteoporosis - symptoms and treatment. The range of treatment procedures includes

​previous fractures.​

How does osteoporosis manifest?

​Talk to your doctor if you have any questions or concerns about your treatment. If the result is unsatisfactory, we recommend consulting with another specialist in this disease.​

​calcium​

​Body mass index (BMI) 19 or less – underweight;​

​Women are at increased risk of developing osteoporosis if they:

• ​sternal puncture;​
• ​Osteoporosis destroys bone tissue throughout the body. However, certain areas are most susceptible to this disease. Most often, osteoporosis is diagnosed in the femoral neck, thoracic spine, knee, hip and shoulder joints, spine and radius.​
• Osteoporosis in men can also be treated with massage procedures. Together with the main treatment, they will speed up your recovery.​

​drugs that prevent bone loss;​

Causes and diagnosis of osteoporosis

​sedentary lifestyle;​

​Osteoporosis in men is observed 4 times less frequently than in women. However, this fact does not mean that you are insured against this disease. The causes of osteoporosis are different, but it is generally necessary to treat it by adhering to only 2 rules: physical exercises and calcium intake. Osteoporosis is characterized in medicine as a bone disease. They become thinner and brittle, resulting in frequent injuries (in particular, fractures).​

​digestive organs (chronic liver diseases, condition after removal of the stomach);​

• ​When diagnosed with osteoporosis, symptoms and treatment vary depending on the individual case. Osteoporosis is an insidious disease in which bones become brittle and the possibility of bone fracture progresses. Osteoporosis can remain in the body without any symptoms for several decades, because osteoporosis does not manifest itself until a bone is broken. Therefore, patients may not know that the disease exists until they break one of the bones. Symptoms of osteoporosis are similar in men and women.​
• ​, vitamin D and sufficiently exercise your body physically to maintain your skeletal system;​
• ​Long-term use of high doses of oral corticosteroids (often used for arthritis and asthma);​
• ​Early menopause (before 45 years);​
• ​sacroiliac bone biopsy for bone marrow analysis.​
• ​Osteoporosis is called the “hidden enemy” because the disease does not manifest itself for a long time. Terrible processes of destruction go unnoticed because they are not accompanied by pain and deterioration in well-being.​
• ​Daily exercise promotes speedy recovery. You just need to do them correctly, rationally calculating the loads. It is best to create a physical therapy schedule with your doctor. Everyone knows that gymnastics, like any other type of physical activity, helps strengthen bone mass. Those men who have been involved in sports since youth will not catch osteoporosis in old age. Experts advise combining 30 minutes of walking (or jogging) with strength training every day.​
• ​medicines that stimulate bone formation;​
• ​chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, bronchial asthma and others);​
• ​Why women are at greater risk of osteoporosis is understandable - the disease begins to develop due to hormonal problems. In addition, they lead a less active lifestyle than the opposite sex. Oddly enough, young guys also get sick with this pathology. Most often this occurs during adolescence, and also after 45 years. Let's look at the symptoms and treatment of osteoporosis.​

​kidney (renal failure);​

Fractures of the spine (vertebra) can cause severe “band” pain that extends from the back to the sides. Over the course of a year, repeated spinal fractures can lead to chronic low back pain, as well as loss of height and/or curvature of the spine due to the fracture, which in turn leads to the formation of a hump.​

​Quit smoking, reduce alcohol consumption and change lifestyle habits that can negatively affect your bones;​

• ​Eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia;​
• ​Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) before the age of 45, in particular when the ovaries are also removed;​
• ​Osteoporosis is a chronic disease, which is treated by endocrinologists, immunologists, rheumatologists and surgeons. The goal of treatment is to inhibit the processes of bone loss and stabilize bone metabolism. Symptomatic treatment is pain relief and bone restoration after pathological fractures. Today, osteoporosis is considered an incurable disease, but complex treatment, including drug therapy, diet and exercise therapy, can slow down the process of bone destruction and improve the quality of life of patients.​
• ​Indirect symptoms that may indicate osteoporosis are signs of decreased calcium in the body, increased brittleness of nails and teeth, periodontal disease, cramps in the calf muscles and early graying.​
• ​Osteoporosis prevention should be carried out not only by healthy people, but also by patients in order to prevent the progression of the disease. There are only 4 points of prevention, and each should be followed to maintain your health.​

​products with a multifaceted spectrum of action.​​excess body weight.​

Symptoms and treatments for osteoporosis in men

​Osteoporosis makes itself felt in youth for many reasons. If in old age the presence of the disease is not surprising, then what about the younger generation? Firstly, the disease begins to progress due to excessive consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and other harmful substances. Secondly, it's genetics. Many chronic diseases are transmitted along genetic lines. In this case, problems cannot be avoided. Osteoporosis can be suspected in those guys who have been diagnosed with kidney stones. Also, young people who have problems at the hormonal level cannot avoid osteoporosis. As a rule, it is possible to prevent pathology if you follow preventive measures.​

• ​blood (tumor processes, hereditary diseases);​
• A fracture that occurs without additional stress is called a minimal trauma or stress fracture. For example, some patients with osteoporosis suffer stress fractures in their legs when walking or stepping off a curb.​
• ​Change the medications you are taking that contribute to the development of osteoporosis.​
• ​Drinking and smoking;​

​No periods for more than six months as a result of excessive exercise or as a result of a strict diet.​

​ Drug therapy

​Characteristic symptoms of osteoporosis of the thoracic spine are aching pain in the back, which intensifies when coughing and laughing.​

• ​Completely give up bad habits (alcohol, smoking).​
• In addition, treatment includes the administration of the male sex hormone (testosterone).
• ​As you can see, there are many reasons to develop osteoporosis. If at least one of them is present in your life, make sure (with the help of diagnostics) that you do not have this pathology.​

​Proper treatment and prevention can stop the development of osteoporosis in men. Treatment of the disease should begin at the first signs, this way you will protect yourself from complications. The insidiousness of this pathology lies in the fact that it proceeds almost unnoticed. Particular vigilance is required if any changes are felt in the body. It is recommended to visit your doctor in a timely manner and eat right, in this case you will not be at risk of any osteoporosis.​

​rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus);​​Femoral neck fractures usually occur as a result of a fall. With osteoporosis, hip fractures can occur as a result of common accidents, such as slipping on ice. Hip fractures take a very long and painful time to heal.​ ​There are a number of medications available to treat osteoporosis. Your doctor will determine the appropriate treatment based on your situation. To obtain the maximum effect from the use of any of the drugs, you must strictly adhere to the course of treatment and dosages.​

​Rheumatoid arthritis;​

• ​In most cases, the causes of osteoporosis in men are unknown. However, scientists believe that the male hormone testosterone helps keep bones healthy. As men age, they still produce testosterone, but the risk of osteoporosis increases when they produce very little.​
• ​drugs that stimulate bone formation (vitamin D3, strontium, calcium and phosphorus salts and bioflavonoids);​
• In addition, the patient may be bothered by an increased heart rate.
• ​Keep moderate physical activity (you don’t need to overload yourself, but you also shouldn’t not move).​
• ​The main role in the recovery process is played by the diet that your doctor prepares for you.​
• Each of the causes leading to osteoporosis can be eradicated, except heredity. You can maintain your androgen levels with the help of a specialist. You can improve your nutrition by including vegetables and fruits in your diet. Replenish vitamin D by tanning for 30 minutes in the sun. Talk to your doctor about your metabolism. Eliminate medications from consumption if they are not necessary. Replace inactivity with sports. Carry out annual prevention of chronic diseases in sanatoriums (if any). And you will never gain weight if you eat right, sleep at least 8 hours a day and exercise.​

​The definition of osteoporosis in men is quite difficult. The disease does not give alarm signals, unlike others. Therefore, it is important that you consult a specialist if you experience recurring pain in your limbs.​

• ​alcoholism;​
• ​The goal of osteoporosis treatment is to prevent bone fractures by increasing bone density and bone strength. Although early detection and prompt treatment of osteoporosis can significantly reduce the risk of future fractures, none of the available treatments for osteoporosis will completely eradicate the disease. In other words, it is difficult to completely restore bone weakened by osteoporosis. Therefore, prevention of osteoporosis is as important as treatment.​
• ​Osteoporosis medications increase bone density, which can significantly reduce the likelihood of bone fractures.​
• ​Malabsorption problems such as celiac disease and Crohn's disease;​
• ​In approximately 50% of men, the exact cause of low testosterone levels is unknown, but it is known that testosterone levels may decrease for the following reasons:​
• ​drugs that suppress bone resorption (estrogens, calcitonin, bisphosphonates);​

​Osteoporosis of the thoracic region can be suspected if, with age, a noticeable stoop or curvature of the spine (“widow’s hump”) appears. ​

Osteoporosis in men: exercise

​Stick to a balanced calcium intake (you can buy calcium in tablet form or make it from eggshells).​

Prevention of osteoporosis in men

​The diet must contain foods containing calcium and phosphorus.​

1. ​If you missed the point of preventing osteoporosis, then consult a doctor and get examined. Typically, specialists recognize the presence of osteoporosis in men by the following indications:
2. ​In fact, osteoporosis is a lack of minerals. Make sure your diet is varied: nutritious, healthy and rich (especially if you are a man). To keep your body in excellent condition, drink more water, but do not forget about vital microelements, such as:
3. ​eating disorders​

​For example, medications can increase bone density in the hip by approximately 1 to 3% and in the spine by 4 to 8% during the first 3 to 4 years of treatment. After taking medications, the likelihood of a spinal fracture is reduced by approximately 30 - 70%, and hip fractures by 30 - 50% (a positive effect can be observed within 6 - 12 months after the start of treatment).​

​Taking certain medications used to treat breast and prostate cancer that affect hormone levels;​

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What are the symptoms of osteoporosis of the thoracic spine?

​The use of certain medications, such as glucocorticoids;​

​symptomatic painkillers.​

​If the lumbar region is affected, lower back pain and age-related decrease in height (up to 15 cm) come to the fore.
​Lead a correct, healthy lifestyle.​

Risk factors for the disease

• ​In this case, there should be 2 times more calcium than other microelements.​
• ​age (men over 60 years of age are most at risk);​
• ​calcium;​
• ​Lifestyle changes, including stopping smoking, reducing excessive alcohol consumption, regular exercise and a balanced diet with increased levels of calcium and vitamin D. And as much sun exposure as possible.​
• ​Drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis are grouped into separate groups depending on their active component.​
• ​Long periods of inactivity, such as prolonged bed rest.​
• ​Alcohol abuse;​

​Diet For osteoporosis, a sufficient daily intake of calcium and vitamin D3 from food is necessary. To do this, you need to have a large amount of dairy and fermented milk products, fish, egg yolks, nuts and broccoli in your diet.​

Symptoms of the disease

​A clear sign of the disease are frequent bone fractures - wrist, femoral neck, compression fracture of the spine (without damage to the spinal cord or nerve endings) - with minor injuries and a long recovery period.​

​Remember, alcohol or smoking abuse over many years leads to many chronic pathologies. If you can't eliminate them, then limit the quantity.​

​Foods to eat for osteoporosis:​​non-traumatic limb fractures;​

​magnesium;​​prolonged immobility (for example, with a fracture);​

​Osteoporosis can be asymptomatic for a long time.​

Pathological fractures in osteoporosis

1. ​Bisphosphonates are recommended for people who already have fractures caused by osteoporosis to prevent further fractures. They are prescribed to older people (over 70) who have not had a fracture but are at greater risk due to low bone density.​
2. ​Osteoporosis leads to degenerative changes in the spine and significantly increases the risk of fractures of varying severity. If you experience any symptoms of osteoporosis, you should seek qualified medical help as soon as possible and begin treatment aimed at strengthening your bones.​
3. ​Hypogonadism (a medical condition that causes abnormally low testosterone levels).​

Diagnosis of osteoporosis

​Therapeutic exercise One of the effective methods that improves the quality of life in osteoporosis is the popular Nordic walking with poles, which provides full load on the bones.​

Laboratory methods

1. ​ Vertebral fracture Vertebral fracture is one of the most dangerous fractures in osteoporosis. The first sign of this injury is severe pain and a change in the curvature of the back. Symptoms depend on the damaged part of the spine. The vertebrae most often affected are the lower cervical, upper lumbar and thoracic. When a vertebrae is fractured in the lumbar region, symptoms of an acute abdomen and tension in the abdominal wall muscles may appear. If a pathological fracture of the chest occurs, then symptoms of heart disease may come to the fore. If a compression fracture of the spine is suspected, the patient should be immediately placed on a flat, firm surface and an ambulance should be called. Urgent transportation of the patient to the hospital on a special stretcher is necessary, excluding changes in body position and accurate diagnosis using radiography.​
   • ​Swimming, tennis, athletics or skiing will be an excellent prevention of all bone diseases. The diet of a healthy person should include all micro- and macroelements along with vitamins and minerals. All of the above is called the lifestyle of a healthy person.​
   • ​dairy products (low-fat);​
2. ​diseases of the endocrine system;​
   • ​fluorine​
   • ​occurs when taking certain medications, especially glucocorticosteroid hormones (anti-inflammatory drugs that suppress immune inflammation, which are used to treat bronchial asthma (inflammatory disease of the bronchi, manifested by cough, shortness of breath, suffocation), rheumatological diseases).​
   • ​Often the first sign is a fracture (spontaneous or caused by minimal trauma - for example, a fall from one’s own height).​

Instrumental methods

• ​They should also be taken by people with low bone density who are taking corticosteroids (such as prednisone or cortisone) at a dose of 7.5 mg for at least 3 months.​
• ​Bone fractures, back pain, stooping and decreased height are symptoms of osteoporosis.​
• ​In order to increase testosterone levels in the body, you need to include certain foods in your diet. You can find out about this here -​
• ​To prevent the disease, women during menopause need a nutritious diet containing dairy products, fish, nuts and broccoli. You should limit foods containing phosphorus - red meat, carbonated drinks, as well as smoking, caffeine and alcohol. Additional intake of vitamin D3 and calcium supplements in courses is useful.​

Treatment of the disease

​ Wrist fracture Wrist fractures are a characteristic manifestation of osteoporosis. Most often, such injuries occur during a fall, when a person reflexively extends his arm forward to soften the blow. Symptoms of injury are typical for a standard fracture - severe pain and severe swelling in the area of ​​injury. To reduce the swelling, it is necessary to urgently apply ice to the arm and ensure its immobility. Then you should urgently contact a medical facility for an x-ray and a plaster cast.​

The complex of treatment procedures includes:

1. ​Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs primarily in menopausal and postmenopausal women. The main manifestation of osteoporosis is an increase in bone fragility due to the formation of voids in them (when cut, the bones become like porous chocolate).​
   • ​all varieties of cabbage (cauliflower, white cabbage, broccoli);​
   • ​use of steroid drugs;​
   • ​It is known that men lead a more active lifestyle than women. On the one hand, the risk of diseases of bones and joints (such as arthritis, arthrosis and others) is significantly reduced. This is due to the fact that the male body is stronger and more physically resilient. But if you look at the other side of the coin, you will understand that men should eat according to their loads. Otherwise, the possibility of entering the risk group increases significantly. This is due to the fact that with osteoporosis, holes form in the bones, which subsequently leads to serious injuries at the slightest load. Men engage in physical labor, and as a result, if pathology occurs, they can damage their limbs.​
2. ​Risk factors for osteoporosis can be divided into​
3. ​The most typical fractures are the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, the femur (especially in the neck area), and the bones of the forearm in the wrist area.​

Prevention of osteoporosis

​Denosumab works slightly differently than bisphosphonates, but it has the same effect - it reduces the rate of bone destruction with a similar reduction in the risk of fracture. Denosumab is prescribed to people who have already had a fracture due to osteoporosis to prevent further fractures. It is also recommended for older people (over 70) who have not had a fracture but are at greater risk due to low bone density.​

​Osteoporosis is considered a silent disease due to often no obvious symptoms until a fracture occurs. In the later stages of osteoporosis, symptoms may include pain in the bones and spine and a decrease in a person's height.​

​What foods increase testosterone​

​ Femoral neck fracture A femoral neck fracture is a fairly common injury in osteoporosis. The first symptom of the disease is acute pain in the groin, shortening of the leg and the inability to support the leg. Having discovered these signs, it is urgent to take a horizontal position and call an ambulance. Medical workers transport the victim to the hospital, having previously secured the leg on a stretcher with a splint that captures the hip and knee joints. A hip fracture in postmenopausal women is the third most common reason for hospital admission.​

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Osteoporosis - causes, symptoms, treatment methods

​In order to determine the causes of osteoporosis, it is necessary to know the structure of human bones and the mechanism of their formation. Bone mass actively increases during human growth. Typically, this period ends by the age of 25 for men, and by the age of 20 for women. After the end of the growth period, a gradual decrease in skeletal density begins, which will last for the rest of life, occurring as a natural process.​

​turnips, carrots, legumes;​

Noticeable signs of osteoporosis (prolonged pain in the limbs, brittle nails and hair loss).

Causes of osteoporosis

​The symptoms of osteoporosis in men are “silent”. You usually don't suspect anything until the first injury. At times, you may experience aching pain, especially when you are in one position for a long time (for example, standing or sitting). In addition, unpleasant sensations in the back area promise osteoporosis, but men, as practice shows, do not attach much importance to this circumstance.​

At-risk groups

​unmodifiable​

Causes of osteoporosis in women

Vertebral fractures are accompanied by back pain: acute (with a single-stage fracture) or chronic (with gradual destruction and subsidence of the vertebrae).​

​This medicine is absorbed into the bones in the same way as calcium. It increases bone formation and reduces bone loss, resulting in denser and stronger bones, which in turn reduces the risk of fractures. Strontium ranelate is recommended for people who already have fractures caused by osteoporosis to prevent further fractures.​

There are several symptoms of osteoporosis that indicate the presence of this disease. Osteoporosis can be caused by an unhealthy lifestyle and there are plenty of reasons that cause it.​

• ​You should also regularly undergo medical examination by an endocrinologist to identify hormonal disorders and their timely treatment.​
• ​Osteoporosis begins asymptomatically, so all women after 40 years of age should undergo regular examinations for bone mass density, without waiting for pathological fractures. Indirect symptoms of the disease, for example, chest and back pain, brittleness of nails and teeth, cramps in the calf muscles, should be the reason for preventive consultation with a doctor for early diagnosis of osteoporosis using laboratory and instrumental studies.​

Causes of osteoporosis in men

​Osteoporosis occurs when this mechanism is disrupted. The fact is that in our body there is a continuous renewal of bone tissue with the help of two types of cells - osteoblasts (bone-forming) and osteoclasts (bone-resorbing), the balance of which is mostly regulated by sex hormones. During the period of attenuation of ovarian function in women, the sex hormone estrogen in the blood sharply drops, which leads to an imbalance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and the predominance of bone destruction processes.

​nuts (walnuts);​

• ​Diagnosis of osteoporosis in men takes place in 2 stages: laboratory diagnostics and instrumental studies.​
• ​As for the appearance of night leg cramps, stooping, increased fatigue (which was not previously observed), bone fragility, hair loss, periodontal disease and even gray hair, these are infrequent signs of osteoporosis. There is no need to make hasty conclusions based only on them.​

​With a fracture of the vertebrae, there is a gradual decrease in height, increased thoracic kyphosis (the posterior curve of the spine in the thoracic region) - the development of stoop.​​This medicine acts on the bones in a similar way to the hormone estrogen, helping to slow down bone loss and reduce the risk of spinal fractures in women who have undergone through menopause.​ ​Fractures are one of the most common signs of brittle bones caused by osteoporosis. They can occur during a fall or even during minor movements, such as stepping off a curb. In advanced forms of osteoporosis, fractures can even be caused by severe sneezing or coughing.​

Risk factors

​Many hormones in the body can influence the process of formation and renewal of bone tissue. Diseases of the hormone-producing glands can cause osteoporosis. These include the following diseases:

• ​It has been proven that bone density strengthens physical activity and feasible physical activity. Therefore, all women over 40 years old are recommended to engage in physical education, aerobics, fitness or visiting the pool. If it is not possible to visit a special sports facility, you can do physical exercises at home or practice Nordic walking.​ ​General​
• ​Medical statistics have established that in the first year of menopause, bone mass in women decreases by approximately 1 kg due to a decrease in the mineral part of the bones and leaching of calcium from them.​
• ​seeds (sunflower and pumpkin);​
• The purpose of the first is to identify osteoporosis in men through general tests. The second stage includes x-ray and ostedonsitometry.​
• ​What causes osteoporosis in men? In fact, there are enough reasons. For example:​

Other risk factors

​modifiable​

• ​Possible night cramps in the legs, tooth decay.​
• ​Raloxifene is prescribed to postmenopausal women who have already had fractures due to osteoporosis to prevent further fractures.​
• ​Osteoporosis can cause compression fractures of the spine. This can be very painful because the destruction of the vertebrae can cause pinching of the nerve fibers coming from the spinal cord. Pain symptoms can range from minor soreness to unbearable pain.​
• ​Hyperthyroidism​
• ​In addition, you should not forget about a preventive examination with a doctor once a year to identify early signs of the disease.​
• ​general and biochemical blood test;​
• ​decrease in estrogen in the blood and the onset of menopause in women due to age, gynecological diseases or removal of the uterus and appendages;
• ​vegetable oils.​
• ​Osteoporosis symptoms, as previously described, are not cause for concern. However, some symptoms still prove the development of this disease. Doctors have identified the following general signs of osteoporosis in men:

​decrease in the level of male sex hormones (androgens);​

Symptoms of osteoporosis

​Primary osteoporosis:​

​The active ingredient is the hormone estrogen. Some drugs also contain a progestogen (combined HRT). Even at low doses, HRT helps slow bone loss, which reduces the risk of osteoporosis and fractures in women who have gone through menopause. HRT is effective for most women under 60 years of age who have been diagnosed with osteoporosis and who also require hormonal treatment to reduce menopausal symptoms. They are also prescribed to women under 60 years of age who cannot take other medications for osteoporosis. They are especially recommended for women with early menopause (up to 45 years).​

Bone fracture

​Compression fractures of the spine cause a person to decrease in height. This is one of the most noticeable symptoms of osteoporosis.​

Back or neck pain

​(hyperfunction of the thyroid gland);​

Reducing human height

Throughout life, there is constant renewal (remodeling) of bone tissue. Your skeleton is almost completely renewed every 10 years.​

Slouch

​determination of testosterone and gonadotropin in men.​

Emergency care for osteoporosis

​rapid weight loss and incorrectly selected diets;​

Treatment of osteoporosis

​Exclude from your diet:​

​gait disturbances;​

​improper nutrition, which does not contain enough vitamins and microelements;​

• ​Non-modifiable (they cannot be influenced):​​senile – osteoporosis associated with general aging and wear and tear of the body, a decrease in skeletal mass and strength after 65 years;​ ​Due to a slight increase in the risk of cardiovascular diseases, strokes and breast cancer in older women, this type of treatment is usually not recommended for women over 60 years of age.​
• ​Compression of the vertebrae can also cause a slight curvature of the upper back. Slouching is scientifically known as kyphosis, which is popularly called “widow’s hump.” Kyphosis can cause pain in the back and neck, and even negatively affect breathing due to additional pressure on the airways.​
• ​Adrenal disorders such as Cushing's syndrome;​

Types of drug treatment

​The thinning of bones and loss of bone mass in people prone to osteoporosis outpaces the growth of new bone tissue.​

​Additional​

​pregnancy (calcium from the bones goes to the formation of the fetus);​

​tea, coffee;​

Bisphosphonates

​kyphosis of the chest;​

​vitamin D deficiency;​

Denosumab

​genetic characteristics (predisposition);​

Strontium ranelate

Juvenile – develops in childhood. It manifests itself as generalized (multiple) bone damage, pain in the back, hips, legs and feet, making walking difficult;

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)

​This medicine stimulates the growth of bone tissue, which leads to increased strength of the bone structure. This treatment is prescribed to people with severe osteoporosis when other medications have not worked and the risk of fractures is still very high. Teriparatide is prescribed only by a specialist for a period of no more than 18 months. After the course of teriparatide is completed, the next stage of treatment is carried out, aimed at consolidating and maintaining the result.​

​Osteoporosis symptoms can cause pain and discomfort. In most cases, there is no need to go to the emergency room. But you just need to see a doctor immediately if you experience unbearable pain in your back, neck, hip or arm. Severe pain may indicate a fracture. If you have been diagnosed with osteoporosis or suspect that you have it, you must begin treatment aimed at strengthening bone tissue and preventing fractures.​

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

​Decreased levels of sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone);​

Bones become porous, brittle and brittle. If you look at an X-ray of a hip with normal bone density, you will see a dense matrix of bone cells. But if you look at an x-ray of an osteoporotic femur, you will see mostly air.​

Teriparatide

​determination of markers of bone tissue metabolism (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and type 1 collagen propeptide, excretion of hydroxyproline and hydroproxiline in urine, etc.);​

​old age (impaired absorption of calcium in the intestines);​

​sugar;​

Some clarifications regarding drug therapy for osteoporosis

​aching pain;​

​bad habits (smoking, alcohol);​

​age-related changes in bone tissue;​

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Osteoporosis: symptoms and treatment of the disease

​idiopathic - occurs for unknown reasons.​

Symptoms of osteoporosis

​Teriparatide is prescribed only to people who have extremely low bone density and to those who have suffered at least two fractures, one of which occurred during drug therapy for osteoporosis.​

What is a stress fracture

​Treatment for osteoporosis includes taking medications to strengthen bones and taking safety precautions to avoid various types of bone fractures.​

​Dysfunction of the pituitary gland;​

How to cure osteoporosis and how to prevent its occurrence

​Until the age of 30, your bones are dense and strong, but then bone density gradually begins to decline. It happens to everyone, but in some people osteoporosis develops much faster than usual. This actually means they are at greater risk of fracture.​

​determination of calcium-phosphorus metabolism indicators (phosphorus, total and ionized calcium in the blood, urinary calcium excretion in relation to creatinine);​

Measures to treat and prevent osteoporosis:

​alcoholism;​

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Symptoms of osteoporosis

• ​honey;​
• ​changes in sexual function (disorders).​
• ​disturbed metabolism;​
• ​some endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus - a disease characterized by a deficiency of insulin (pancreatic hormone) in the body, Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome and disease - a disease characterized by excess production of glucocorticosteroids (adrenal cortex hormones));​
• ​Secondary osteoporosis:​
• ​Recommended for people who have had other treatments but still have very low bone density and further fractures. This type of treatment is prescribed by a specialist for both men and women. After the 18-month course of treatment is completed, the next medicine is prescribed, aimed at consolidating the result.​

Forms

• ​If you have been diagnosed with osteoporosis or are at increased risk of breaking bones, your doctor will usually prescribe treatments to strengthen your bone tissue, which can help prevent fractures.​
• ​Hyperparathyroidism (overactive parathyroid glands).​
• ​Osteoporosis occurs in both men and women. It most often occurs in older people, but can also occur in younger people.​
• ​determination of gonadotropin and free cortisol in urine.​

• ​professional sports and excessive physical activity;​
• ​flour products;​
• These symptoms indicate the development of this pathology. The above signs are the most common in osteoporosis, so you should pay attention to them first. And then you need to immediately visit a doctor and undergo an examination.​
• ​use of various medications for a long time (for example, steroids);​
• ​taking glucocorticosteroid hormones for health reasons (anti-inflammatory drugs that suppress immune inflammation, which are used to treat bronchial asthma (inflammatory disease of the bronchi, manifested by cough, shortness of breath, suffocation), rheumatological diseases);​
• ​occurs against the background of other diseases:​
• ​Taking medications for patients suffering from osteoporosis requires a fairly long period, because Bone loss has occurred over many years, and of course it takes quite a long time for the bones to regain strength. Using the right medication and timing it appropriately is critical to bone health. How to treat osteoporosis in each specific case will be determined by a specialist through tests and other examination methods.​
• ​Your doctor will recommend that you:​
• ​The cause of osteoporosis and the increased risk of its development may also be other factors, which include:​
• ​According to statistics, women develop osteoporosis much more often than men, due to the fact that hormonal changes that occur during menopause directly affect bone density.​ ​X-ray of the thoracic and lumbar spine;​
• ​insufficient nutrition;​

• ​canned meat products;​

Causes

​To eradicate pathology, you will need a lot of effort. Treatment for this disease is as follows: therapeutic physical education, reasonable activity, massage treatments and drug treatment.​ ​heredity (genetic predisposition to osteoporosis);​​long-term immobilization (bed rest for more than 2 months) - after operations, fractures;​ ​endocrine (diabetes mellitus, dysfunction of the thyroid, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, gonads);​ ​Most medications for the treatment of osteoporosis are prescribed for many years, and patients who comply with all prescriptions report a significant reduction in bone loss and risk of fractures.​

• ​Consume sufficient quantities​
• ​Heredity;​
• ​The female hormone estrogen is important for bone health. After menopause, estrogen levels drop. This can lead to rapid loss of bone density and severe symptoms of osteoporosis.​
• ​determining bone mineral density using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bone ultrasound densitometry or quantitative computed tomography;​
• ​long stay without sunlight (vitamin D3 deficiency).​
• ​table salt.​
• ​Medicines, in turn, can be divided into 3 main groups:​

Osteoporosis is a specific process in which destruction (catabolism) prevails over the restoration of bone tissue. The disease occurs more often in women during the premenopausal and menopausal periods. In some somatic diseases it occurs in men and even children.

Interesting fact! At least 40% of people who experience a limb fracture have progressive osteoporosis, which is caused by impaired calcium metabolism in the body.

The diagnostic process and subsequent treatment must be carried out under the supervision of a medical specialist. Therapy is carried out with medications that contain calcium and vitamin D3.

Attempts at treatment with folk remedies aggravate the condition of the bone and lead to the formation of spontaneous fractures of the limbs. One of the most serious consequences of non-treatment is a hip fracture.

Causes and risk factors

Osteoporosis is a polyetiological disease that occurs under the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors.

Endocrinological reasons are as follows:

• Female or male type infertility;
• Hormonal disorders;
• Late onset of menarche;
• Early menopause;
• Dysmenorrhea.

Genetic factors:

• Asthenic body type;
• High growth;
• Low body weight. For women is less than 55 kg;
• Critical age. For women, this is the age range from 45 to 55 years, when hormonal changes triggered by menopause occur. For men, it is dangerous in old age, when involutive changes occur that affect calcium metabolism;
• The presence of spontaneous fractures or signs in close relatives.

There are also exogenous factors that contribute to the initiation of bone tissue destruction processes. These include:

• Excessive alcohol consumption;
• Tobacco smoking;
• Insufficient calcium intake With vitamin D;
• Long-term parenteral nutrition;
• Sedentary work.

Concomitant diseases can trigger the development:

• Chronic renal failure;
• Pathology of the thyroid gland, primary hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus and Addison's disease;
• Diseases of a systemic nature (ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis);
• Malabsorption syndrome;
• Pathologies of the hematopoietic organs (lymphomas, leukemia, multiple fibroids).

Also, the cause of the disease can be long-term use of anticoagulants, tetracyclines, lithium preparations, thyroid hormones, anticonvulsants and glucocorticosteroids.

Development mechanism

Pathogenetic processes do not have a single mechanism. They can be sluggish and lightning-fast in nature. There are several stages of bone tissue destruction:

1. A disconnect is formed between the processes of bone destruction and renewal;
2. There is a decrease in the density of the cortical layer, resulting in a decrease in bone mass;
3. Damaged bones become less strong and vulnerable to various injuries. At the final stage, frequent spontaneous fractures may be observed, as well as deforming changes in the limbs or spine.

The decisive factor in the development of osteoporosis is a deficiency of elements such as phosphorus, calcium and vitamin D.

The disease is characterized by a long asymptomatic course. For several years the patient has no idea about the systematic destruction of bone tissue. The spine is most often affected. The onset of the disease is indicated by pain.

Early signs include:

• Daily episodes of tachycardia, sometimes increased fatigue;
• Weather sensitivity, aching pain with weather-related aches in the spine and limbs;
• Premature appearance of gray hair;
• Brittle nails, hair and peeling skin;
• Pathological changes in the oral cavity (periodontal disease);
• Episodes of convulsive contraction of the muscles of the thigh and lower leg are often observed in young and middle-aged women.

With osteoporosis, the entire musculoskeletal system suffers. An indicator of pathological changes is the spine. If destruction processes predominate in the vertebral bodies, then wedge-shaped deformation and spontaneous fractures appear. The lumbar region is a very vulnerable place, as it bears a large axial load. Patients are unaware that their body is undergoing active restructuring of bone tissue and calcium is being excreted.

Osteoporosis of the hip joint symptoms and treatment

Destructive disorders in the hip joint are accompanied by discomfort and pain. Characterized by a gradual increase in pain with intensification after physical activity. In the absence of proper treatment, pain begins to bother you at rest, in the evening and at night. The next stage is atrophy of skeletal muscles, a sharp decrease in motor activity.

In addition to the listed symptoms, additional signs are observed:

• Deforming changes in the joint;
• Unilateral or bilateral shortening of the lower extremities;
• Development of lameness.

The disease affects the quality of life. Characterized by emotional lability, increased irritability, apathy, and sleep disturbances.

With osteoporosis of the hip joint, degenerative changes in bone tissue occur and the formation of bone growths is observed. The main symptoms of degenerative arthritis include:

• Crunching in the joint area when moving;
• Difficulty moving;
• Pain at rest and during exercise;
• Increasing its size;
• Atrophy of the skeletal muscles surrounding the area;
• Reducing the patient's height.

Damage to other joints

Along with the hip joint, other joints are also involved in the pathological process: the knee, the ankle joint area. When the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus is impaired, osteoporosis affects the tibia and fibula, as well as the feet.

If the disease affects the area of ​​the hands, the person feels the following symptoms:

• Pain in the metatarsophalangeal joints at rest and during physical activity;
• Enlargement of the heads of the metatarsal bones;
• Deformation of small joints of the hand;
• Atrophy of small muscles and stiffness of movement.

Interesting fact! The disease affects not only the structures of the musculoskeletal system, but also the human teeth. They also have a bone component, which, in the absence of proper mineralization, becomes thinner and destroyed.

Diagnostics

If there is more than one factor for development, then a comprehensive examination is necessary.

Type of diagnosis	Characteristics
Ultrasound computer densitometry	The essence of the technique is to determine the speed interval required for the passage of ultrasonic waves through biological tissues of different densities. The lower the speed of ultrasound passing through bone tissue, the lower its mineralization.
Biochemical blood test	The method involves quantitative determination of the level of thyroid hormones, as well as trace elements (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium).
X-ray densitometry	An outdated but less safe diagnostic method. Bone density is determined using X-rays.

Full list of laboratory tests:

• Study of quantitative indicators of ionizing calcium;
• Study of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels;
• Determination of the concentration of triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine and thyroid-stimulating hormone of the thyroid gland;
• Study of blood samples for the level of sex hormones (estrogens and testosterone);
• Analysis for parathyroid hormone levels.

Based on the obtained laboratory and instrumental examination data, the patient is given a final diagnosis and appropriate treatment is prescribed.

Treatment

The general plan of therapeutic measures includes the following stages:

1. Basic therapy, its task is to normalize metabolic processes in bone tissue and compensate for the deficiency of such essential microelements as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and vitamin D;
2. Hormone replacement therapy. If the cause of the development of the disease is a deficiency of thyroid and parathyroid hormones, then the patient is prescribed replacement therapy, including taking natural and synthetic analogues of the hormone;
3. Symptomatic therapy. Patients are prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, topical agents that have an anti-inflammatory and warming effect, as well as multivitamin complexes.

Basic therapy

Basic therapy stimulates the regenerative abilities of bone tissue and prevents further destruction. The list of medicines includes the following groups of medicines:

1. Agents that inhibit bone resorption. They stop bone destruction during menopause, increase bone mass, and reduce calcium excretion by the kidneys. Bright representative Raloxifene, effectively reduces the risk of spontaneous fractures;
2. Bisphosphonates. This group has a large evidence base. Their action is based on a pronounced suppression of the process of destruction of bone tissue and increased deposition of minerals in the bones. Zoledronic acid, Fosavance, Risedronate Alendronate and Ibandronate are used for treatment;
3. Genetically engineered drug Denosumab, which blocks the activity of osteoclast cells responsible for the physiological and pathological destruction of bone tissue. The domestic pharmaceutical industry sells it in injection form for subcutaneous administration. The dosage is 60 mg. Clinical studies have proven the high safety of Denosumab; it is used even in patients with renal failure.
4. Drugs that activate bone tissue regeneration. These include derivatives of parathyroid hormone (Teriparatide), as well as products containing fluoride (Coreberon, Ossin). They have proven to be highly effective. The only drawback of Teriparatide is its high cost (about 27,000 rubles).

Hormone replacement therapy

Hormonal imbalance and osteoporosis are closely related. This is especially true for women in the premenopausal or menopausal period. They are increasingly prescribed estrogen receptor modulators (Evista, Keoxifene, Raloxifene).

The combination of calcium supplements with estrogen derivatives (Femoston and Kliogest) has also proven to work well. The use of other drugs containing estrogens is highly undesirable, since these hormones have a proliferative effect, promoting the growth of benign or malignant tumors.

To avoid the negative consequences of taking estrogen-like drugs, women are recommended to undergo hormone replacement therapy under the control of hormone levels in the body. A slow reduction in the dosage used is required when discontinuing a hormone-containing drug.

Therapy with calcium supplements and symptomatic treatment

Complete treatment involves the inclusion of drugs containing calcium. Calcium lactate, calcium chloride and calcium glycerophosphate. Multivitamin complexes such as Complivit, Elevit, Calcinova and Nutrimax are very popular. To improve calcium absorption, combination medications are used, which include vitamin D (Natekal, Calcium D3 Nycomed, Orthocalcium).

The treatment regimen also includes the following methods:

• Surgical treatment of spontaneous fractures;
• Compliance with dietary recommendations, including increased consumption of foods rich in calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D;
• Taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants and analgesics;
• Therapeutic massage, hardware physiotherapy and physical therapy sessions.

All of these methods are aimed at improving peripheral blood circulation, relieving pain and normalizing metabolic processes in the musculoskeletal system.

Be sure to consult your doctor before treating any illness. This will help take into account individual tolerance, confirm the diagnosis, ensure the correctness of treatment and eliminate negative drug interactions. If you use prescriptions without consulting your doctor, it is entirely at your own risk. All information on the site is presented for informational purposes and is not a medical aid. All responsibility for use lies with you.

Until the age of 30, your bones are dense and strong, but then a gradual decline in bone density begins to occur. It happens to everyone, but in some people osteoporosis develops much faster than usual. This actually means that they are at greater risk of fracture.

At-risk groups

Osteoporosis occurs in both men and women. It most often occurs in older people, but can also occur in younger people.

Causes of osteoporosis in women

According to statistics, women develop osteoporosis much more often than men, due to the fact that hormonal changes that occur during menopause directly affect bone density.

Risk factors

Many hormones in the body can influence the process of formation and renewal of bone tissue. Diseases of the hormone-producing glands can cause osteoporosis. These include the following diseases:

• Hyperthyroidism (hyperfunction of the thyroid gland);
• Adrenal disorders such as Cushing's syndrome;
• Decrease in the amount of sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone);
• Disruption of the pituitary gland;
• Hyperparathyroidism (overactive parathyroid glands).

Other risk factors

Other factors may also cause osteoporosis and increase the risk of its development, including:

• Heredity;
• A body mass index (BMI) of 19 or less is underweight;
• Long-term use of high doses of oral corticosteroids (often used for arthritis and asthma);
• eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia;
• Drinking and smoking;
• Rheumatoid arthritis;
• Malabsorption problems such as celiac disease and Crohn's disease;
• Taking certain medications used to treat breast and prostate cancer that affect hormone levels;
• Long periods of inactivity, such as prolonged bed rest.

Osteoporosis leads to degenerative changes in the spine and significantly increases the risk of fractures of varying severity. If you experience any symptoms of osteoporosis, you should seek qualified medical help as soon as possible and begin treatment to strengthen your bones.

Bone fractures, back pain, stooping and decreased height are symptoms of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is considered a silent disease because there are often no obvious symptoms until a fracture occurs. In the later stages of osteoporosis, symptoms may include pain in the bones and spine and a decrease in a person's height.

There are several symptoms of osteoporosis that indicate the presence of this disease. Osteoporosis can be caused by an unhealthy lifestyle and there are many reasons that cause it.

Bone fracture

Fractures are one of the most common signs of brittle bones caused by osteoporosis. They can occur during a fall or even during minor movements, such as stepping off a curb. In advanced forms of osteoporosis, fractures can even be caused by severe sneezing or coughing.

Back or neck pain

Osteoporosis can cause compression fractures of the spine. This can be very painful because the destruction of the vertebrae can cause pinching of the nerve fibers coming from the spinal cord. Pain symptoms can range from minor soreness to unbearable pain.

Reducing human height

Compression fractures of the spine cause a person's height to decrease. This is one of the most noticeable symptoms of osteoporosis.

Slouch

Compression of the vertebrae can also cause a slight curvature of the upper back. Slouching is scientifically known as kyphosis, which is popularly called “widow’s hump.” Kyphosis can cause pain in the back and neck, and even negatively affect breathing due to additional pressure on the airways.

Emergency care for osteoporosis

Symptoms of osteoporosis can cause pain and discomfort. In most cases, there is no need to go to the emergency room. But you just need to see a doctor immediately if you experience unbearable pain in your back, neck, hip or arm. Severe pain may indicate a fracture. If you have been diagnosed with osteoporosis or suspect you have it, you must begin treatment aimed at strengthening bone tissue and preventing fractures.

Treatment of osteoporosis

Treatment for osteoporosis includes taking medications to strengthen bones and taking safety precautions to avoid various types of bone fractures.

If you have been diagnosed with osteoporosis or are at increased risk of breaking bones, your doctor will usually prescribe treatments to strengthen your bone tissue, which can help prevent fractures.

• Consume enough calcium, vitamin D and exercise your body sufficiently to maintain your skeletal system;
• Quit smoking, reduce alcohol consumption and change lifestyle habits that can negatively affect your bones;
• Change the medications you take that contribute to the development of osteoporosis.

Types of drug treatment

There are a number of medications available to treat osteoporosis. Your doctor will determine the appropriate treatment based on your situation. To obtain the maximum effect from the use of any of the drugs, you must strictly adhere to the course of treatment and dosage.

Osteoporosis medications increase bone density, which can significantly reduce the likelihood of bone fractures.

For example, medications can increase bone density in the hip by approximately 1 to 3% and in the spine by 4 to 8% during the first 3 to 4 years of treatment. After taking medications, the likelihood of a spinal fracture is reduced by approximately 30 - 70%, and hip fractures by 30 - 50% (a positive effect can be observed within 6 - 12 months after the start of treatment).

Drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis are grouped into separate groups depending on their active component.

Bisphosphonates

Bisphosphonates are recommended for people who already have fractures caused by osteoporosis to prevent further fractures. They are prescribed to older people (over 70) who have not had a fracture but are at greater risk due to low bone density.

They also need to be taken by people with low bone density who are taking corticosteroids (such as prednisone or cortisone) at a dose of 7.5 mg for at least 3 months.

Denosumab

Denosumab works slightly differently than bisphosphonates, but it has the same effect of reducing the rate of bone destruction with a similar reduction in the risk of fracture. Denosumab is prescribed to people who have already had a fracture due to osteoporosis to prevent further fractures. It is also recommended for older people (over 70) who have not had a fracture but are at greater risk due to low bone density.

Strontium ranelate

This medication is absorbed into the bones in the same way as calcium. It increases bone formation and reduces bone loss, resulting in denser and stronger bones, which in turn reduces the risk of fractures. Strontium ranelate is recommended for people who already have fractures caused by osteoporosis to prevent further fractures.

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)

This medicine acts on the bones in a similar way to the hormone estrogen, helping to slow bone loss and reduce the risk of spinal fractures in women who have gone through menopause.

Raloxifene is prescribed to postmenopausal women who have already had fractures due to osteoporosis to prevent further fractures.

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

The active ingredient is the hormone estrogen. Some drugs also contain a progestogen (combined HRT). Even at low doses, HRT helps slow bone loss, which reduces the risk of osteoporosis and fractures in women who have gone through menopause. HRT is effective for most women under 60 years of age who have been diagnosed with osteoporosis and who also require hormonal treatment to reduce menopausal symptoms. They are also prescribed to women under 60 years of age who cannot take other medications for osteoporosis. They are especially recommended for women with early menopause (up to 45 years).

Because there is a slight increase in the risk of heart disease, stroke, and breast cancer in older women, this type of treatment is not generally recommended for women over 60 years of age.

Teriparatide

This medicine stimulates the growth of bone tissue, which leads to increased strength of the bone structure. This treatment is prescribed to people with severe osteoporosis when other medications have not worked and the risk of fractures is still very high. Teriparatide is prescribed only by a specialist for a period of no more than 18 months. After the course of teriparatide is completed, the next stage of treatment is carried out, aimed at consolidating and maintaining the result.

Teriparatide is prescribed only to people who have extremely low bone density and to those who have suffered at least two fractures, one of which occurred during drug therapy for osteoporosis.

Recommended for people who have had other treatments but still have very low bone density and further fractures. This type of treatment is prescribed by a specialist for both men and women. After the 18-month course of treatment is completed, the next medicine is prescribed, aimed at consolidating the result.

Some clarifications regarding drug therapy for osteoporosis

Taking medications for patients suffering from osteoporosis requires a fairly long period, because Bone loss has occurred over many years, and of course it takes quite a long time for the bones to regain strength. Using the right medication and timing it appropriately is critical to bone health. How to treat osteoporosis in each specific case will be determined by a specialist through tests and other examination methods.

Most medications to treat osteoporosis are prescribed for many years, and patients who follow all prescriptions report a significant reduction in bone loss and risk of fractures.

Talk to your doctor if you have any questions or concerns about your treatment. If the result is unsatisfactory, we recommend consulting with another specialist in this disease.

Men are susceptible, in the age category over 35-40 years.

In the male half of the population, by the age of 20, bone density and mass are at their maximum.

It is very difficult to recognize osteoporosis, since this disease may not manifest itself in any way for years.

But there are signs by which it is simply impossible not to suspect the occurrence of this disease in the body.

What is osteoporosis?

In a healthy body, mineral exchange occurs between the blood and bone tissue that makes up the human skeleton. At the same time, the bone tissue receives the elements it needs: calcium and phosphorus.

Osteoporosis is a pathological disease in which the mineral metabolism between the blood and bone tissue is disrupted, and only the “emptying” of calcium and phosphorus reserves in the bones occurs.

Bone density and mass throughout the body begin to decline, leading to increased bone fragility. Fractures can occur due to minimal load on them.

Note! Osteoporosis usually develops very slowly. From the moment the disease develops until its symptoms appear, it can take 10 to 15 years.

Sometimes this disease is also called bone liquefaction. Especially increases risk of osteoporosis in men over 50 years of age. This is due to a decrease in male sex hormones, which also negatively affects bone mass.

Causes and consequences of osteoporosis in men

The reasons why osteoporosis may develop in men are::

• insufficient amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D entering the body;
• insufficient level of testosterone (a drop in the amount of testosterone in the male body is called hypogonadism in medicine. Normally, the level of this hormone should be 300 ng/dl);
• sedentary lifestyle;
• complicated course of other diseases;
• taking medications that can affect bone metabolism;
• unbalanced diet;
• chronic pathologies of the kidneys and liver;
• prostate cancer (a group of drugs for the treatment of this disease - antagonists, cause a decrease in bone density);
• abuse of coffee, alcohol and smoking (nicotine has a detrimental effect on bone cells - osteocytes);
• rickets;
• arthritis;
• osteoarticular tuberculosis;
• long-term treatment with glucocorticoid drugs.

As bone porosity increases, the likelihood of a fracture of any bone in the skeleton increases with minimal load.

In osteoporosis, any sudden body movement can cause a fracture.. After the first fracture in any part of the body, the risk of each subsequent injury of this nature increases several times. Age-related impairments in motor coordination play a significant role in this. Elderly people often fall, which is a prerequisite for bone fractures.

If the first fracture has already occurred, it is very important to pay attention to the prevention of subsequent fractures. In both male and female populations, fractures of the proximal femur can cause death.

Video: "How to recognize osteoporosis?"

Features of the disease in men

Men are less susceptible to osteoporosis than the female population. Experts explain this by the fact that men’s lifestyle is more active than women’s, and also by the fact that women’s hormonal levels are more susceptible to disruptions.

Symptoms that may indicate the occurrence of osteoporosis in men are the following::

• decrease in height by 2 cm over one year;
• increased stoop;
• feeling of heaviness in the area between the shoulder blades;
• general muscle weakness;
• the occurrence of fractures caused by a slight load on the bone or minor injury (for example, a fall from a height of one’s own height, a slight blow to an object);
• the occurrence of bone pain;
• decreased mobility in the shoulder and hip joints;
• decreased endurance.

Gradually, with the development of pathology, pain begins to occur in the lumbar spine, then in the sacral spine. As the disease progresses, pain begins to appear in the ankle.

Note! Actively progressing osteoporosis can cause deformation of the vertebrae - this leads to pinching or damage to the spinal nerves and blood vessels and causes severe back pain.

Men often attribute the symptoms that arise to other diseases associated with the back and lose precious time to identify and treat osteoporosis.

Features of the treatment of osteoporosis in men

Did you know that...

Next fact

After a man contacts a specialist, the doctor must establish an accurate diagnosis, exclude or identify concomitant diseases, and then prescribe the necessary treatment to the patient. Rheumatologists treat osteoporosis.

To detect osteoporosis, examinations are used using the following methods::

• Trephine biopsy - this procedure involves collecting bone marrow by puncturing the bone with a specially designed needle.
• Scintigraphy – allows you to obtain a two-dimensional image and is performed after the introduction of radioactive isotopes into the body.
• General and biochemical blood test (allows you to find out whether osteoporosis is caused by bone tuberculosis. If the cause of bone liquefaction is tuberculosis, the white blood cell count will be significantly elevated).
• Level of testosterone in the blood.

For the treatment of osteoporosis, patients are prescribed:

• calcium preparations (“Calcitonin”);
• taking vitamin D (Calcium-D3 Nycomed);
• food with a regulated amount of calcium (from 1000 to 1500 mg per day);
• prolonged exposure to the street on sunny days (sunbathing promotes the production of vitamin D);
• bisphosphonates - drugs that prevent bone loss (Zoledronate, Bodronate, Tiludronate);
• hormonal drugs - their use is aimed at increasing testosterone levels in patients (Osteomed).

Play an important role in the treatment of bone liquefaction moderate physical activity. Bone mass also increases due to an increase in the number of contractions of the muscles surrounding the musculoskeletal system of the body. But it is important to ensure that the loads are not excessive.

All exercises should be as simple as possible and performed without much effort.

And to increase the number of muscle contractions, it is enough to increase the number of repetitions of the treatment complex. The total time of one workout should be about half an hour daily. Sometimes you can allow 1-2 times a week rest between classes.

The treatment complex is developed in each individual case by a specialist in exercise therapy. Exercises must be performed under his supervision to avoid accidental injury to the patient or sudden fractures.

Exercises containing twisting or bending elements should not be performed to the patient's maximum capabilities.

Minimal turns or bends are enough - the main thing in the treatment of this disease is not the effort, but specifically the number of executions.

Additionally, patients may be prescribed massage (performed by a chiropractor), as well as physiotherapeutic procedures.

Note! With liquefied bones, men are strictly prohibited from hard physical work. Even heavy lifting can cause unexpected bone fractures.

Video: "The importance of exercise for osteoporosis"

Conclusion

Patients diagnosed osteoporosis It is extremely important to lead a healthy lifestyle, give up bad habits, and introduce small daily physical activity. Experts have proven that moderate sports activity and regular therapeutic exercises contribute to the recovery of patients.

However, this recovery will definitely not be quick. Treatment of osteoporosis is a very complex process. and here everything depends not so much on the doctors, but on the men themselves. After all, they are the ones who choose a suitable lifestyle for themselves. This disease is easier to prevent than to cure. Therefore, men who have prerequisites for the development of bone tissue liquefaction should be examined at least once a year.

Comprehensive treatment of osteoporosis, as well as concomitant diseases, if any, lifestyle changes and compliance with all specialist recommendations will make it possible to restore bone density and prevent the re-development of osteoporosis. The therapeutic set of exercises should be performed under the supervision of a specialist or solely according to his recommendations. To do this, you need to contact the physical therapy office.

To prevent osteoporosis experts advise to adhere to a healthy lifestyle, maintain a balanced diet and regularly engage in moderate exercise.