Preparation for abdominal ultrasound: rules, recommendations. Preparation for ultrasound of the abdominal cavity Ultrasound of the internal organs is performed

Modern ultrasound examination is a simple procedure that allows you to assess the health of the patient's internal organs, determine their size, identify tumors and determine other important aspects. In order for the doctor to be able to qualitatively examine the vessels and organs located in the examined space, it is first necessary to prepare for the procedure. Proper preparation for ultrasound of the abdominal organs guarantees the reliability of the diagnosis. Every time you suspect any disease, you should undergo this type of examination of the body.

How to Prepare for an Abdominal and Kidney Ultrasound

If a person has a need to conduct an ultrasound, a mandatory step is a comprehensive preparation for the procedure. The doctor will not be able to accurately determine the cause of the deterioration in your well-being if, during the examination of the abdominal cavity, there are gases or volumetric accumulations of air in the intestines. In this case, the beam of the device simply will not be able to go to the desired depth, so it is extremely important to follow a diet and clean the intestines before diagnosis. Below are specific tips on how to prepare for an abdominal ultrasound.

Dieting

It is recommended to start preparing for the examination of the peritoneum 3-4 days in advance, but it is better to change the diet earlier. A diet before an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity is required to reduce the volume of gases formed in the intestines. Only in this way the doctor will be able to examine in detail the internal organs of the patient. What can you eat before an abdominal ultrasound:

• dietary meat in boiled or baked form;
• egg;
• lean fish (boiled, steamed);
• cereals (oatmeal, buckwheat, pearl barley);
• low-fat hard cheese.

The recommendation of doctors is to eat often, but in small portions. It is good if the daily diet of the patient will include 4-6 meals. Drinking liquid is not allowed during the meal and immediately after it. Patients can consume water without gas and unsweetened tea before and after an hour after the main meal. It is necessary to drink liquid in a minimum volume equal to 1.5-2 liters per day. Such a diet is observed until the evening before the ultrasound (if the examination is carried out in the morning). Even girls with early pregnancy should adhere to it. The study takes place on an empty stomach.

• carbonated drinks, alcohol;
• sweets, including pastries;
• bakery products;
• legumes;
• raw fruits, vegetables;
• dairy products;
• drinks with caffeine in the composition;
• fatty varieties of fish, meat.

Purgation

An obligatory stage of preparation for the study of the organs of the peritoneum is bowel cleansing. It is carried out on the eve of the examination in the evening (no later than 18 hours). For this, an Esmarch bowl is used, filled with one and a half liters of raw cool water. After mechanical cleansing of the intestines, sorbent preparations such as activated charcoal, etc. are taken. An alternative to an enema is the use of laxatives and laxative teas to prepare for an ultrasound scan of the abdominal organs.

Taking medications

Patients can take the following drugs before examining the peritoneum: Espumizan, Infacol, Cuplaton, Bobotik. They are drunk before the examination for three days, and the dosage is calculated depending on the age of the patient. If such simethicone preparations are poorly tolerated by you or do not show the expected effect, use sorbents (Smecta, Sorbeks). On the evening before and in the morning before the ultrasound, you should take the age dose of the drug.

Additional features of preparation for the study

• It is forbidden to smoke at least 2-3 hours before the study.
• Do not chew gum or suck on hard candies before the procedure.
• Diabetics cannot be hungry for a long time, so you should warn your doctor about this in advance.
• If you underwent x-rays or barium enema, at least 2 days should pass after the procedures.
• Tell your doctor if you are taking antispasmodics, for example, No-shpu, Papaverine, etc.
• Can I drink water before an abdominal ultrasound? If you are going to have an ultrasound examination of the kidneys, take a liter and a half of water 60-90 minutes before the procedure. In other cases, the consumption of water before the examination is prohibited, the procedure takes place on an empty stomach.

How to prepare your child for an ultrasound

Getting rid of gases that tend to accumulate in the intestines is considered the main goal of preparing for an ultrasound scan of the abdominal organs. It becomes obvious the need to remove certain foods from the child's diet that contribute to active gas formation at least 4 days before the examination. Before ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, it is necessary to exclude products:

• fresh fruits (fruits and vegetables);
• Borodino bread;
• milk;
• beans;
• sweets;
• carbonated drinks.

If the child's body has a tendency to strong gas formation, it is recommended to start taking enzymatic agents and enterosorbents (for example, Festal, Espumizan, coal) 2-4 days before the ultrasound examination. On the eve of the examination, it is forbidden to undergo a colonoscopy and gastroscopy. If the baby is taking any medications during this period of time, you should definitely notify the doctor. Ultrasound for children, like adults, is performed on an empty stomach. It is considered the norm to eat no later than 9 hours before the procedure, after which you need to refuse water and food.

Features of preparing young children for ultrasound:

• Babies under 12 months 60 minutes before the procedure do not give water and do not feed for 2.5-3 hours.
• Children aged 1-3 years should not be allowed to eat 4 hours, drink - an hour before the ultrasound.
• Children older than 3 years should not be fed for 7-8 hours, do not give water an hour before the examination.

Where to do it and how much does the procedure cost in Moscow

The cost of ultrasound of the peritoneum depends on the scope of research. The price of a comprehensive examination will be an order of magnitude higher than the examination of one specific organ. Public and private clinics have their advantages, the former conduct ultrasound for free, the latter for a fee, but some often work around the clock and provide a transcript of the examination (doctor's opinion) faster. It is possible to choose a suitable clinic by opening one of the many online directories of Moscow medical institutions, which provide addresses, photos and prices for services.

The cost of a comprehensive examination of the abdominal cavity in Moscow clinics:

Video: algorithm for preparing a patient for an abdominal ultrasound

Comprehensive preparation for the procedure requires knowledge of what is included in the ultrasound of the abdominal cavity. Examination of the peritoneum by ultrasound is effective for assessing the condition of the liver, stomach, gallbladder, spleen, retroperitoneal space, blood vessels, and pancreas. Premature bowel cleansing and a balanced diet are of great importance for future ultrasound results, as they directly affect the quality of the resulting image. After watching the video, you will learn how to prepare for the procedure.

Examination of internal organs using ultrasound allows you to identify malformations, general condition, and detect hidden pathologies. Often, ultrasound is prescribed to confirm or refute a presumptive diagnosis, as well as to control the therapeutic process in order to notice positive or negative dynamics.

High-frequency sound vibrations easily penetrate through airborne objects, and are reflected from dense structures (kidneys, liver, gallbladder). Special sensors pick up the signal and visualize structures of various densities on the screen. Sometimes a complex ultrasound of the abdominal organs, kidneys and pelvic organs is performed immediately.

Preparation for an abdominal ultrasound is extremely important in order to obtain reliable data as a result of the examination. Such a diagnosis is carried out both for an adult and a child. Good preparation for the study is necessary at any age.

Children

In some cases, ultrasound of the abdominal organs (OBP) is even done in infants. What preparation is needed for such patients? Pediatricians and neonatologists give the following recommendations for preparing a newborn:

• Before the scheduled ultrasound procedure, you must skip the last feeding. Before the ultrasound should take 3-4 hours.
• The last time to drink a child can be 60 minutes before the study. This is due to the fact that the pancreas produces enzymes even after taking ordinary water.
• 2-3 days before the study, it would be good to give the baby Simethicone, Espuzin, Infacol or other drugs that will help the passage of gases and reduce flatulence.

If the child has not yet reached the full 3 years, then it is not recommended for him to eat 4 hours before the scheduled examination. In this regard, parents try to sign up their baby for an ultrasound closer to dinner, so that breakfast does not have to be abandoned.

Diet

To properly prepare for an ultrasound scan for children over 3 years old, following a special diet will help. Approximately three days before the study, you need to refuse such food:

• Whole milk and food prepared with it. For several days, porridge should be boiled in water so as not to provoke flatulence.
• Legumes (peas and beans). As a rule, children willingly eat such foods, but they also contribute to increased gas formation, so they should be discarded in two days.
• Bakery products. Sweet rolls and other baked goods can cause severe flatulence due to yeast and sugar.
• Raw vegetables that take a long time to digest.
• Fresh fruits that have a direct effect on intestinal motility.

If a child often has constipation or, conversely, diarrhea, then it is best to give him enzyme preparations for two days

When preparing for the procedure, it is allowed to leave the following foods in the diet: oatmeal, eggs, buckwheat, boiled in water, chicken and veal, low-fat boiled or steamed fish, chicken (1), quail (2) eggs, low-fat cheese. To facilitate the work of the digestive tract, you should adhere to fractional nutrition, and distribute meals 5 times. Dinner on the eve of the study should be light.

adults

In adult patients, preparation for abdominal ultrasound also raises many questions. Is it possible to drink water? What can you eat before an abdominal ultrasound? How to prepare if the ultrasound is scheduled in the afternoon? A prudent patient listens to all the recommendations of the attending physician and prepares for the examination of internal organs in advance.

The following describes what you need to do in the preparation process. Since the examination must be carried out on an empty stomach, about 8 hours after the last meal should elapse before the procedure. Snacking before an ultrasound should also be avoided. 2-3 days before the scheduled examination, you need to drink Espumizan or Activated charcoal.

Simethicone-based preparations are taken 1-2 tablets after each meal. And they drink coal regardless of food at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight. If the patient suffers from constipation, then 2 days before the study, a cleansing enema is prescribed. 3 days before the ultrasound, you should eat, adhering to the principles of a slag-free diet.

For medications that need to be taken on an ongoing basis, the patient should consult with his doctor or diagnostician in advance. Perhaps they will have to be abandoned for a while. For 48 hours before the examination, it is forbidden to drink alcohol, and before the time has come to enter the ultrasound diagnostic room, you must not smoke.

It is also impossible to drink before an ultrasound (with the exception of examinations on the kidneys). After the last fluid intake, at least 4 hours must pass before the study. You need to eat fractionally and often, while food should not be washed down. The correct drinking regimen is 1.5 liters per day. Drink should be 30 minutes before meals and 1 hour after.

Foods to avoid before an abdominal ultrasound:

• meat and fish of fatty varieties;
• beans, peas, lentils;
• whole milk;
• bakery and confectionery products;
• fatty products from sour milk;
• rye flour bread;
• drinks with carbon dioxide;
• raw vegetables and fruits.

The main task of reviewing eating habits is to reduce the amount of gases formed in the digestive tract before diagnosis.

Purgation

Bowel cleansing will help to properly prepare for an ultrasound of the abdominal organs. If you are preparing with a cleansing enema, then it must be performed no later than 18:00 on the eve of the study.

Colon cleansing is not necessary in every case.

And you can also use alternative cleansing with the help of pharmaceutical products: herbal laxatives (Senade, Ex-Lax), oral preparation Fortrans, microclysters Norgalax, Microlax.

Medicines based on lactulose (Portalak, Normolact, Laktuvit) are not recommended to be taken before the examination. Quite often, they provoke increased peristalsis and flatulence in the abdomen, which will only interfere with ultrasound.

So, is it necessary to prepare for an ultrasound examination of the peritoneum? Definitely needed. The patient who is to undergo such a diagnosis (or his child) should be well versed in how to prepare for an abdominal ultrasound. This will help you get the most objective results.

Preparing for an ultrasound of the internal organs is simple. If a patient comes to the doctor and complains of pain in the stomach, liver, etc., feels nausea, and other symptoms, then the doctor sends him for an ultrasound scan. This diagnostic is informative and safe. Examine from newborns to people in years. The procedure is not expensive, accessible to patients with any income level.

Who needs testing first?

Ultrasound is done when:

• The doctor determined that this or that organ is enlarged;
• The patient has abdominal pain;
• A person takes food and feels bitterness in the mouth, pain with discomfort in the abdomen;
• Diabetes;
• It seems that the appendicitis has inflamed;
• Pathologies in the internal organs and this is a chronic process;
• Palpation shows that the liver and spleen are enlarged, which means they are inflamed;
• There are tumors in the peritoneum;
• The doctor suspects that there are stones in the chaledoch;
• The aorta has an aneurysm and other disorders in the organs.

Ultrasound is done not only for primary diagnosis, but also for repeated and when certain procedures are performed. such as a kidney or liver biopsy. This is required to follow the movements of the needle. On a Doppler examination, when a patient has thrombosis, stenosis, such control is similarly needed.

"Advice. Agree to an ultrasound. You will not feel pain, and the doctor will receive information about the diseases of your internal organs."

Preparation for the examination of the peritoneum

How to prepare for a diagnosis? Ultrasonic waves do not pass through the air, which is formed in the intestines with excessive gas formation. That's why. patients are prescribed a diet. Legumes, cabbage, soda and flour, sweets that contribute to the formation of gases are prohibited.

"Advice. If you have a tendency to gas formation, drugs that improve metabolism will help reduce them: Festal with activated charcoal, Smecta with Mezim forte and other drugs."

Preparing for an ultrasound of the peritoneum:

Before ultrasound, adults should not eat from 8 to 12 hours. If the examination is after lunch, then you can have breakfast, but the break should be at least 6 hours.

Remember that before the ultrasound, you can not smoke, suck on hard candies, eat other sweets or chew gum. Ultrasound is not done after colonoscopy or gastroscopy. And after surgery in the abdomen, an ultrasound examination is not prescribed.

We examine the organs of the peritoneum, kidneys

The ultrasound procedure will take no more than 30 minutes. If you have a place where you need to drive the sensor, in purulent acne, there is another dermatological disease, then the examination is postponed until the period when everything heals.

What posture does the patient take in the doctor's office? He lies down and turns on his side or back. The abdomen is open. The doctor applies a gel on it, and drives it back and forth and at some angle with a sensor (a transducer with increased sensitivity), examining different organs on the monitor. From time to time, the uzist makes screenshots from the screen. They will help the attending physician navigate and establish the correct diagnosis for the patient.

Is the procedure completed? What is included in the service? The doctor will take a tissue and remove all the gel from the abdomen. It will give you screen shots. In addition to ultrasound, the doctor may refer you to other examinations, take blood tests, urine tests, etc.

What is the best food to eat before the procedure?

Exclude dairy with sweets, soda, sauerkraut, do not eat fatty meat, black bread with juices, do not drink strong tea, alcohol is also prohibited. If you are overweight and often gas, then take the honey listed above. drugs.

Try to eat 4-5 times a day for 2 days of additional procedures. Let the portions be smaller than usual. You can drink water and everything that is allowed as always. 2-3 liters per day and even more.

What will the uzist consider?

First of all, the liver needs to be examined. This is our filter. It cleanses the body of fats, alcohol, substances contained in medicines, toxins, and other heavy foods, such as fried foods. On ultrasound, it will be clear whether it is inflamed or normal, whether the network is a cyst, fibrosis, or neoplasm. Additionally, the doctor will direct you to donate blood for analysis.

Gallbladder with ducts

The fats we eat break down bile. It is located in the chaledoch, then it goes through the bile ducts. Ultrasound will show in the organs: developmental abnormalities; stones; polyps; inflammation when there is pus.

pancreas

An important organ in our body. Synthesizes many enzymes that provide digestion. Ultrasound will show in your body: foci of inflammation, pancreas with tumors, necrosis, damaged areas.

Spleen

With its participation, hematopoiesis occurs. They say it's a graveyard of red blood cells. Patients have anemia of the spleen. It leads to the immune system, and if you have an acute respiratory disease or flu, then the spleen will increase. There are also some cysts and neoplasms on it. We have already mentioned anemia.

Aorta peritoneum

It is the largest artery in our body. The uzist will look for anemia, aneurysm, or dissection. Something more can be seen with computed tomography. Immediately or after an additional examination, the doctor will tell you the exact diagnosis.

kidneys

The kidneys play a major role in the urinary system. They are not always examined during ultrasound diagnostics, but if they can negatively affect the work of other organs, then the ultrasound specialist will examine them as well. If there is a pathology, then the organ increases, changes its contours, shifts, you can find sand or stones, a cyst with a tumor in it.

The intestines with the stomach are not subject to ultrasound examination. Strong symptoms of diseases are not yet noticeable, and ultrasound will already show where pathological processes are in the organs. Diagnostics will determine:

• The tumor is malignant or benign;
• What is cirrhosis in the liver;
• In the kidneys, sand or stones;
• Pancreatic necrosis with pancreatitis;
• Diseases of the spleen with the liver will prompt the doctor to look for pathology in the blood;
• Various hepatitis;
• Cholecystitis;
• Inflammation.

Mankind has invented many methods for effectively diagnosing the state of internal organs. The factories produce modern, highly sensitive equipment. But ultrasound is still popular, as it is possible to examine newborns, children of adults, weakened by diseases of the elderly. The first thing that comes to the doctor's mind when a patient complains of pain in the peritoneum, nausea, bitterness in the mouth, etc., is to send him for an ultrasound.

Ultrasound diagnostics has the following advantages:

1. The doctor guides the sensor over the skin lubricated with gel and it is not damaged.
2. If the patient is properly prepared for the procedure, then the study is correct.
3. The procedure is safe. The patient's body is not irradiated.
4. A person does not feel pain, other discomfort.
5. Diagnostics available at a moderate cost.

Now you know that if something hurts in your peritoneum, you need to ask the therapist to send you an ultrasound of your internal organs. The procedure is completely safe, effective and informative. The main thing is to properly prepare for the study.

Ultrasound examination is a harmless, comfortable for the patient diagnostics of the abdominal organs. Control of internal organs by ultrasound diagnostics is carried out for adults, children, girls who are expecting a child. Detailed research results require careful preparation. What it consists of depends on the organ under study.

Ultrasound is a new, reliable research method. The procedure is recommended for preventive examination, suspicion of pathology. The technique allows you to determine diseases of the stomach, identify pathologies of the pancreas, spleen, abdominal, duodenal ulcer, liver, kidneys, and view the entire body.

Ultrasound examination is indicated in the following cases:

• Suspicion of a change in organs, detected by palpation;
• Injuries of the abdominal organs;
• Regular nausea, flatulence;
• Suspicion of a tumor;
• Planned examination of organs;
• Preparation before the operation.

If the attending physician has prescribed an examination of the abdominal organs by ultrasound scanning, comprehensive measures to prepare for the procedure are required. Before an ultrasound, you need to properly prepare for a genuine result. The doctor will not see the reason for the patient's poor health with large accumulations of gases in the intestines due to the inability of the rays to overcome unnecessary barriers. Most abdominal organs are examined on an empty stomach.

Preparation should begin 3-4 days before the examination. At the first stage, it is necessary to properly organize the diet, draw up an approximate menu for yourself, and collect the necessary documents. It is necessary to inform the doctor about diseases, medicines used. Chronic pathologies change the training algorithm. This completes the preparation for the abdominal examination.

Nutrition before ultrasound

In adults, preparation takes place in combination with a strict diet and mechanical or medicinal. The patient should adjust the diet 3-4 days before the ultrasound. An important point is the reduction of gases in the digestive organs.

It is better to eat food often in small quantities. Food should not be drunk. It is necessary to use weak tea or clean warm water after the end of the meal. The recommended amount of fluid per day is 1.5 liters.

It is allowed to eat cereal cereals: buckwheat, oatmeal on the water. Flaxseed porridge is allowed. Recommended low-fat poultry meat, veal. Fish no more than 4% fat can be safely consumed. It is allowed to eat a hard-boiled chicken egg. Soups in lean meat broth with the addition of cereals can be eaten as a first course. Compotes, natural juices of low concentration are allowed.

In the evening before the ultrasound, meat and fish products are excluded. If the study is carried out in the morning, you can not have breakfast. Passing the examination in the afternoon or when it is scheduled for the evening - allows a light breakfast.

Espumizan, Smecta, Activated charcoal will help an adult patient cope with gas formation after eating. Bobotic will help the children.

Restrictions are imposed on popular products, but there are many alternative diet options.

Doctors advise - do not eat pork and fatty meats, which are digested for a long time due to an excess of fats. Bakery products, pastries with yeast should be excluded from the diet. Vegetables, fruits in raw form are gas-producing foods, doctors advise not to eat them.

Alcohol, coffee, strong tea, sparkling water are contraindicated from drinks. Whole milk is not recommended to drink, it can cause fermentation in the stomach. Before the procedure, the use of sausages and sausages, pates is prohibited. All types of nuts, mushrooms are prohibited.

Nutrition for children before the procedure

Preparing a child for an ultrasound is different than an adult. Newborn babies and children under one year of age can skip feeding before the study, approximately 3 hours. Limit fluid intake one hour before the ultrasound.

A child from one to three years old needs to make the last meal in 4-5 hours, liquids in an hour. Children over three years of age must endure an eight-hour break in eating before the examination.

Purgation

Bowel cleansing is the most important step in preparing for the procedure. It is carried out the day before the diagnosis. An enema filled with one and a half liters of warm unboiled water is used. When the mechanical is finished, you need to use sorbents.

When preparing, instead of an enema, it is permissible to make a microclyster - Microlax. A preparation based on natural ingredients will be a good alternative to the usual method of bowel cleansing. Works in 5-15 minutes. You can do a microclyster an hour or two before the study.

What to take with you

You need to go to the diagnostics not empty-handed - collect the necessary package of documents. Take the direction for the study with the seal of the medical institution, the signature of the doctor. In the case of a paid examination - an agreement with a medical center, a receipt for payment. A passport may be required. Be sure to bring a medical certificate.

It is better to provide the doctor with the results of the previous study and the results of tests that will need to be taken in advance. Additional information will help the doctor pay close attention to important points.

Some medical centers do not provide disposable diapers, shoe covers, so take it with you.

Preparatory measures aimed at the study of the abdominal organs

Most doctors conduct a comprehensive examination of the abdominal organs. Sometimes special attention should be paid to a certain organ, since the disease can worsen the patient's well-being. In this case, the preparations are different.

Ultrasound of the bladder and kidneys

Examination of the bladder allows you to identify various pathologies of the organ that worsen the quality of life of the patient.

It is necessary to prepare carefully for the study of the organ. The authenticity of the result depends on this process. By the beginning of the procedure, the bladder is filled, which helps to determine its shape, contours and wall thickness.

To fill the organ, you need to drink 1.5 liters of liquid in the form of tea, compote, clean water 2 hours before the examination. In this case, the bladder should not be emptied.

If the patient has pain in the lower back, this may indicate complications in the work of the kidneys. If a kidney pathology is suspected, the doctor pays special attention during the study to the specified organ of the patient.

The study of the adrenal glands, kidneys is carried out on an empty stomach and an empty intestine. The absence of stool problems avoids additional stimulation, and morning emptying is sufficient. For constipation, it is better to use a laxative.

Ultrasound of the pancreas

When diagnosing the pancreas, the size and contours of the organ are assessed, benign, malignant formations are visualized. Preparation for the study of the pancreas must be carefully.

Three days before the study, the patient should refuse food with a high protein content. A protein-free diet includes the use of bran, vegetarian soups, vegetables, fruits, berries. Alcohol during the preparatory period should not be consumed.

On an empty stomach on the day of the procedure, laxatives are drunk. Smoking is prohibited prior to the examination. People with regular gas formation should take activated charcoal.

Ultrasound of the liver

An ultrasound method for examining the liver contributes to the visualization of pathological processes in the organ at an early stage. The final result depends on the preparation for the examination of the organ.

You can prepare for an ultrasound of the liver by following the recommendations for diagnosing the abdominal organs.

For overweight people - cleansing the body with an enema or taking laxatives. Admissible cleaning with a sorbent.

Preparation for the diagnosis of the uterus and appendages

In women, when examining the abdominal organs, the uterus and appendages are visible. A woman needs to prepare for this type of diagnosis in advance. As in other cases, the usual rules of nutrition should be adjusted and aimed at cleansing the body. The examination itself is on an empty stomach. It is necessary to fill the bladder before the ultrasound of the uterus for better visualization of the organs, drinking a liter of liquid an hour before the procedure, or do not empty the bladder for 2-3 hours.

Disadvantages of the method

Ultrasound reveals many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the genitourinary system. However, the diagnosis is not perfect. Separate serious pathologies are detected by alternative, more informative research methods. Ultrasound requires preparation in advance, otherwise a number of factors can distort the ultrasound data. Distorts readings:

• abdominal obesity;
• Vigorous movements of the patient during the diagnosis;
• Bloating of the intestines;
• Damage to the skin in the peritoneum.

It is recommended to eat on the eve of an ultrasound scan correctly, monitoring the quantity and quality of food consumed. In this case, the results of the study will be reliable. The attending physician will tell you about the nuances during the diagnosis. The doctor will give detailed recommendations on how to properly prepare for the procedure and what drugs and pills to take.

Ultrasound examination is a safe and comfortable diagnostic method for the patient. The examination should be carried out at least once a year for preventive purposes. You can undergo the procedure in private research centers and in the clinic to which the patient is attached. The proper level of preparation will provide a reliable result, will allow you to make an accurate diagnosis.