Why is the grass smolyanka from? Common gumweed (Silene vulgaris). For diarrhea, use tincture of resin

Sticky gum is a perennial herbaceous plant with a low sticky stem, sometimes reaching a height of 70-80 cm. It has a basal rosette and narrow-stemmed leaves. Flowers develop in inflorescences at the nodes of the stem. The color of mature flowers is red or purplish-red. The resin blooms almost the whole summer.

The plant is distributed everywhere, almost throughout the entire territory of Europe and the North Caucasus. It prefers to settle in dry places, the edges of coniferous forests, plantings and in the undergrowth after cutting down.

For medicinal purposes, the plant's grass is collected from the moment of flowering. They try to quickly dry the resulting raw materials under covers and store them in paper bags in a dry, ventilated place.

Chemical composition

The gum sticky herb contains saponins, phenolcarboxylic acid, flavonoids, triperpene compounds, glycosides, carbohydrates, and alkaloids.

Application

Tar preparations are used as choleretic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, wound-healing, hypnotic, hemostatic, analgesic and expectorant.

An infusion of the herb is used for diseases of the liver and gall bladder, and is used in the treatment of respiratory diseases; a decoction of tar is especially effective in the treatment of pneumonia. Water infusions are used in gynecological practice for severe uterine bleeding and severe pain during menstruation. Decoctions and infusions are used in the treatment of intestinal colic and other gastrointestinal disorders. Jaundice and concomitant liver diseases are treated with tar preparations. The decoction is used as a mild sleeping pill.

Externally, decoctions and infusions of adhesive tar, as its name suggests, are used to prepare compresses and washes for skin diseases, in the presence of pustules and abscesses, small wounds and cuts, itchy ulcers and dermatitis of various origins.

Methods of application

Herbal decoction – 20.0 g of herb, pour 250.0 boiling water, boil for 5 minutes, leave for 45 minutes.

Water infusion – 20.0 g pour 500.0 boiling water, wrap, leave for 8 hours.

COMMON RESIN (COTTON)- Sliene vulgans (Moench.)
Clove family - Caryophyllaceae Juss.

Common gum (clapper) is a perennial, herbaceous, glabrous, gray-gray plant with erect stems, 30-60 cm high. The stems are branched in the upper part. Leaves are opposite, slightly fleshy, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, sessile, lower petiolate. The flowers are white on short thin stalks, in a loose, paniculate inflorescence. bisexual or unisexual. The calyx is strongly swollen, glabrous, whitish (less often violet-green), broadly ovate, 13-18 mm long, 7-10 mm wide, with 20 veins.

The petals are white, 1.5-2 times longer than the calyx, dissected almost to the base into obovate lobes. The fruit is an almost spherical capsule with kidney-shaped seeds.

Blooms in June-September.

It grows in Ukraine, Belarus, the European part of Russia, Siberia, the Far East, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. It grows on borders, fallow fields, in crops, among bushes, along forest edges, near roads and in wastelands. For medicinal purposes, grass (stems, leaves, flowers) harvested during flowering is used. The saponin silenoside, which is a deca- or undecaside of hypaogenin, was found in the roots. Fresh roots contain 7.4% lactosin carbohydrate, and rhizomes contain 8.1% lactosin. The roots and rhizomes contain a lot of oligosaccharides, the seeds contain a lot of sucrose and a small amount of raffinose. The herb contains sinapic and ferulic acids and 110 mg% ascorbic acid.

A decoction of inflorescences is drunk for chronic bronchitis, and a decoction of the herb is used to treat skin. An infusion of the entire flowering plant is used as a sedative for leucorrhoea, vaginitis and metritis. Herbal preparations are quite effective for gastritis with increased acid-forming function of the stomach. They are also used for diseases of the kidneys and bladder, and as a diuretic. The herb has a softening effect and is used in the form of baths. The juice is used for conjunctivitis.

In Belarus, the grass of the common gum is brewed as tea and taken as a diuretic, as well as for dysentery; compresses are made from it on areas affected by lichen.

Methods of preparation and use:

1. 3 tablespoons of crushed inflorescences per 0.5 liters of water, boil over low heat for 3-4 minutes, leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 1/3-1/2 cup 3 times a day for bronchitis.

2. 2 tablespoons of chopped herbs per 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, strain. Take 0.5 cups of Zraz per day for gastritis with increased secretion 30-40 minutes before meals, cystitis, as a diuretic for edema.

3. 2 tablespoons of crushed herbs per 300 ml of boiling water, leave for 30-40 minutes and drink 0.5 cups 2 times a day before meals for dysentery.

Syn: cracker, tooth-potion, smolyanka, obernaya, potoskuyka, egg grass.

Common gum is a perennial herbaceous plant. The flowers are white, with a bubble-swollen calyx. If you hit the palm of your hand with the bubble part of the flower, it will make a loud clap, which is why the popular name of the plant is cracker. Resin is a medicinal plant, but it is used only in folk medicine.

Ask the experts a question

Flower formula

Formula of the common gum flower: ♀*○H(5)L5T5+5P(2).

In medicine

In official medicine, resin is not used, since the chemical composition of the plant has not been sufficiently studied. The plant is not included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation and is used only in folk medicine.

Contraindications and side effects

It is forbidden to use common gum for colitis, constipation, gastritis with low acidity of gastric juice. Also contraindications to the use of tar are pregnancy, lactation and childhood.

In gardening

Common gum is used in landscape design as an alpine hill plant. The stems of the plant spread along the ground, forming tall, rounded herbaceous “cushions.” Growing stems of tar plant take root easily. As the “cushion” grows along the edges of the plant, it is recommended to trim it: such trimming leads to more uniform growth of young growth in all directions. Tar plants growing in rock gardens do not respond well to waterlogged soil, so when planting plants it is recommended to add sand or granite chips. Common gum is propagated by seeds, cuttings and dividing overgrown bushes.

In cooking

Common gum is widely used in Italian cuisine. In recipes the name "sculpit" or "stridoli" is used. The leaves and shoots of tar are suitable for food: fresh, as well as stewed or steamed. Italian housewives and cooks add young tar leaves to soups, risottos, closed pizzas, and make ravioli fillings from them.

In the Spanish province of La Mancha, resin leaves are called "collejas" and are used to prepare a dish called "Widower's gazpacho."

In Northern Cyprus, tender resin leaves are included in vitamin salads. Old gum leaves are boiled or fried with garlic, and also added to omelettes and risotto as in Italy.

In other areas

Common gum is a good honey plant. The pollen of some species of gumweed (including the common gumwort) is food for the larvae of butterflies and ants.

Dried and crushed roots of the common gum, mixed with water, make a good soap solution that can be used as an alternative detergent.

Classification

Common gum (lat. Silene vulgaris) is a perennial herbaceous plant, a species of the genus Silene (lat. Silene), family Clove (lat. Caryophyllaceae).

Botanical description

Common gum is a perennial herbaceous plant 40-100 cm high. The stem is bare and erect. The leaves are lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 10 cm long and up to 30 mm wide, glaucous, the lower ones are narrowed into a short petiole. The flowers are located on short stalks. The calyx is swollen, glabrous, 13-18 mm long and 7-10 mm wide, with 20 veins. The petals are 1.5-2 times longer than the sepals, white, with a dissected limb. During the day, the flowers of the tar cracker are half-closed, at night they open wide and smell strongly, attracting their main pollinators - moths. The fruit is a spherical capsule containing kidney-shaped seeds. The flowering period is from June to September.

Spreading

The homeland of the common gum is the coast of Western and Northern Europe. The plant is distributed in Europe, Asia Minor and Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Himalayas, Mongolia, Japan, North America and North Africa. The plant is widespread throughout Russia, except for the Arctic and southern desert regions.

Common gum grows in meadows, forest edges, clearings, in light forests, clearings, wastelands, roadsides, and ditches; more often found in riverine meadows; in the southern regions it infests grain crops.

Regions of distribution on the map of Russia.

Procurement of raw materials

As a raw material for the preparation of traditional medicine, only the aerial part of the resin is usually used. The plant is harvested during the flowering period. After cutting, the common gum herb is thoroughly washed. After this, each stem is carefully laid out on a dry horizontal surface. The room where drying will take place must have good ventilation.

Dried resin is stored in the dark, in tightly closed paper bags at room temperature, without exposure to sunlight.

Sometimes the fruits of the plant are also harvested as raw materials. The time for harvesting the fruits of common gum is mid-autumn.

Chemical composition

The chemical composition of common gum is not completely known. But it has already been established that the plant contains triterpene saponins, the flavone glycoside saponarin, resins, organic acids, tannins, flavonoids: vitexin, isovitexinorientin, homofientin; sinapic and ferulic acids, ascorbic acid, traces of alkaloids, and coumarin.

Pharmacological properties

Common gum has a diuretic, emollient, sedative, sedative, tonic and analgesic effect. The plant is also used for external skin lesions and has an antiseptic effect.

Thanks to the saponin silenoside contained in the plant, the common gum is able to cope with some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, chronic gastritis.

Use in folk medicine

Tea made from the herb tar is widely used in folk medicine for dysentery, as well as for chronic bronchitis, heartburn, gastritis, for diseases of the kidneys and bladder, and as a sedative. In the spring, vitamin salads made from fresh herbs save plants from vitamin deficiency.

An infusion of a flowering plant is used for leucorrhoea, vaginitis and metritis, for gastritis, for diseases of the kidneys and bladder as a diuretic. The herb has a softening property and is also used to prepare decoctions for taking healing baths. In the form of compresses, a decoction of the herb tar also helps well in the treatment of lichen and erysipelas. The juice of the plant helps with conjunctivitis, and rinsing the mouth with a decoction of the herb soothes toothache. The plant tincture is used for severe headaches and premenstrual syndrome.

In the old days, a decoction of tar roots was considered an effective remedy for tuberculosis and excessive shortness of breath.

Historical reference

Sometimes the origin of the name is associated with the Greek word "sialon" - saliva, for the sticky stems of some species. According to another version, the Latin name is associated with the name of the Greek god, the companion of Bacchus: “Silenos” - a constantly drunk, fat satyr, for the swollen cups of some types. And one more opinion - the name of the resin is similar to the Greek word “silene” - moon, for the flowering of certain species at night.

If you carefully pluck one “ball” of the cracker and hit it, you will definitely hear a real pop. This is where the name of this plant came from - “cracker”.

In ancient times, poorly growing children were bathed in a decoction of tar roots; an infusion of tar was drunk when bitten by rabid animals.

Previously, in Spain, where gum leaves were valued as a green vegetable, collectors and sellers of the plant had their own name - “collejeros”.

A group of Russian biologists, led by D. A. Gilichinsky, managed to grow from a seed that had lain in permafrost for about 32 thousand years, one of the species of gumweed - Silene stenophylla.

Literature

1. Gubanov, I. A. et al. 557. Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke - Common gum, or Firecracker // Illustrated guide to plants of Central Russia. In 3 volumes - M.: Scientific T. ed. KMK, Institute of Technology. research, 2003. - T. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). - P. 166. - ISBN 9-87317-128-9.

2. Maltsev A.I. Atlas of the most important species of weeds of the USSR, vol. 2. M.-L.: Selkhozgiz, 1939. P. 42-43.

3. Nikitin V.V. Weeds of the flora of the USSR. Leningrad: Nauka, 1983. 454 p.

4. Flora of the USSR, vol. 6. Ed. Shishkin B.K. M.-L.: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1936. 956 p.

Botanical characteristics of resin

Smolevka is a perennial herbaceous plant with straight, slightly branched, bare stems 30–60 cm high. The leaves of the plant are glaucous, opposite, slightly fleshy, oval-lanceolate. The flowers are white, collected in a loose inflorescence. The fruits are round capsules with kidney-shaped seeds. The plant blooms in May-July.

Tar grows along roads, among bushes, in meadows, and near housing. Southern Europe is considered the birthplace of the plant. It also grows in Russia - in Western Europe and Altai.

Useful properties of resin

Resin is often used as a medicinal plant in folk medicine. Official science has not yet studied this herb, and its chemical composition has not been fully studied, but it is known that saponins are present in all parts of the plant. Traditional healers have long noted that resin has a calming effect on the human nervous system and has hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antitoxic properties.

Tinctures from this medicinal herb have long been used for depression, a depressed state of mind and some disorders of the nervous system. For inflammatory processes, the external use of tinctures of resin in the form of lotions and compresses helps well. Many experts note the positive effect of the plant on the general condition of a person.

Application of resin

Herbs and plant roots are mainly used as medicinal raw materials. Tea made from the herb tar is widely used in folk medicine as an effective diuretic or for dysentery. In the form of compresses, it also helps well in treatment. In the old days, a decoction of tar roots was considered an effective remedy for tuberculosis and excessive shortness of breath. A decoction of the inflorescences of this medicinal plant is often used for chronic diseases and as a sedative.

Tar preparations are quite effective for diseases of the bladder and kidneys, the juice of the plant helps with conjunctivitis, and rinsing the mouth with a decoction of the herb soothes toothache.

Resin infusion: pour 10–15 g of dried and crushed herb into a glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes and take half a glass twice a day before meals. This remedy is useful for dysentery.

Resin decoction: 10 g of dried herb is poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water and simmered in a water bath for no more than 5 minutes. Take the decoction two tablespoons three times a day.

Smolevka drooping

This variety is a perennial herbaceous plant reaching a height of 60 cm and having a branched stem. Smolevka drooping is widespread in the forest-steppe zone of the European part of Russia. It is often used in folk medicine for the preparation of medicines. The above-ground part of the plant is carefully cut off, washed and laid out for drying in a room with good ventilation. Finished medicinal raw materials are usually stored in a paper bag at room temperature.

Tinctures of drooping gum are most often used for disorders of the nervous system. They have sedative and analgesic properties, and also prevent the accumulation of harmful substances in the body.

Smolevka vulgare

Common gum is a perennial herbaceous plant of bluish-green color. It has narrow, pointed or lanceolate leaves and white flowers located in a thyroid semi-umbrella.

This species grows in Siberia, the Caucasus, the Far East, Central Asia and throughout the European part of Russia. In folk medicine, common tar is used to combat chronic bronchitis, dysentery and a number of other diseases. In addition, the tea of ​​this medicinal herb is known as an effective sedative.

Smolevka angustifolia

This variety of plant is notable for one extraordinary fact: scientists managed to germinate the seeds of the angustifolia resin, which were more than thirty thousand years old. They were discovered at a depth of 38 meters in permafrost.

Thanks to this plant, science has advanced research into the freezing and subsequent revival of certain crops.

Contraindications to the use of resin

Some types of tar are contraindicated for colitis with constipation and low stomach acidity. Also, preparations based on this plant are not recommended for use during pregnancy and nursing mothers. Before starting treatment, you should definitely consult your doctor.

Expert editor: Sokolova Nina Vladimirovna| Herbalist

Education: Diploma in General Medicine and Therapy received from the University named after N. I. Pirogov (2005 and 2006). Advanced training at the Department of Herbal Medicine at the Moscow People's Friendship University (2008).

International scientific name

Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke (1869)

Taxonomy on Wikispecies

Images on Wikimedia Commons

IPNI TPL

Common pitcher, or firecracker(lat. Silene vulgaris) - a perennial herbaceous plant, a species of the genus Smolyovka ( Silene) family Cloveaceae ( Caryophyllaceae).

Some synonyms:

Spreading

The plant is distributed in Europe, Asia Minor and Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Himalayas, Mongolia, Japan, North America and North Africa. Widely distributed throughout Russia, except for the Arctic and southern desert regions.

Grows in meadows, edges, clearings, in light forests, clearings, wastelands, roadsides, ditches; It is more often found in riverine meadows, mainly in the southern regions it infests cereal crops.

Biological description

Perennial herbaceous plant 40-100 cm high, glabrous, with an erect stem. Leaves are lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 10 cm long and up to 30 mm wide; gray; the lower ones are narrowed into a short petiole.

Flowers on short stalks. The calyx is swollen, glabrous, 13-18 mm long and 7-10 mm wide, with 20 veins. The petals are 1.5-2 times longer than the sepals, white, with a dissected limb. The fruit is a spherical capsule. Blooms in June-September, bears fruit in July.

Write a review about the article "Common gum"

Notes

Literature

• Gubanov, I. A. et al. 557. Silene vulgaris(Moench) Garcke [ S. cucubalus Wibel, S. inflata(Salisb.) Smith, S. latifolia(Mill.) Rendle et Britt., Oberna behen(L.) Ikonn.] - Common tar, or Firecracker // . - M.: Scientific T. ed. KMK, Institute of Technology. research, 2003. - T. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). - P. 166. - ISBN 9-87317-128-9.

Links

An excerpt characterizing the Common Smolyovka

Princess Marya did not understand what he wanted from her and why he asked to dismiss himself. She answered him that she never doubted his devotion and that she was ready to do everything for him and for the men.

An hour after this, Dunyasha came to the princess with the news that Dron had arrived and all the men, by order of the princess, gathered at the barn, wanting to talk with the mistress.
“Yes, I never called them,” said Princess Marya, “I only told Dronushka to give them bread.”
“Only for God’s sake, Princess Mother, order them away and don’t go to them.” It’s all just a lie,” Dunyasha said, “and Yakov Alpatych will come and we’ll go... and if you please...
- What kind of deception? – the princess asked in surprise
- Yes, I know, just listen to me, for God’s sake. Just ask the nanny. They say they do not agree to leave on your orders.
- You're saying something wrong. Yes, I never ordered to leave... - said Princess Marya. - Call Dronushka.
The arriving Dron confirmed Dunyasha’s words: the men came on the orders of the princess.
“Yes, I never called them,” said the princess. “You probably didn’t convey it to them correctly.” I just told you to give them the bread.
The drone sighed without answering.
“If you order, they will leave,” he said.
“No, no, I’ll go to them,” said Princess Marya
Despite the dissuading of Dunyasha and the nanny, Princess Marya went out onto the porch. Dron, Dunyasha, the nanny and Mikhail Ivanovich followed her. “They probably think that I am offering them bread so that they will remain in their places, and I will leave myself, abandoning them to the mercy of the French,” thought Princess Marya. – I will promise them a month in an apartment near Moscow; I’m sure Andre would have done even more in my place,” she thought, approaching the crowd standing in the pasture near the barn in the twilight.
The crowd, crowded, began to stir, and their hats quickly came off. Princess Marya, with her eyes downcast and her feet tangling in her dress, came close to them. So many different old and young eyes were fixed on her and there were so many different faces that Princess Marya did not see a single face and, feeling the need to suddenly talk to everyone, did not know what to do. But again the consciousness that she was the representative of her father and brother gave her strength, and she boldly began her speech.