A new “Procedure for determining the cost of construction and repair work. Determination of the estimated cost The procedure for determining the estimated cost of installation work
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ORDER of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation dated 30-12-99 170 ON APPROVAL OF METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ORGANIZING AND CARRYING OUT CURRENT REPAIRS ... Relevant in 2018
5. PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE COST (PRICE) OF WORKS UNDER THE CONTRACT
5.1. The development of market relations in the system of maintenance and repair of the housing stock predetermined the need to move from traditional formal cost planning to determining the market value (price) of current repairs.
5.2. The cost of current repairs (price) is determined in the form of an estimated cost of work, calculated on the basis of specially developed estimated norms and prices that provide reimbursement of economically justified costs and profit in the amount necessary to make tax payments and form enterprise funds.
5.3. It is recommended to use local branded estimated norms and prices (hereinafter - FSN) for the maintenance and repair of housing stock, developed taking into account local natural and climatic conditions, technical and operational features of the housing stock and approved in the prescribed manner.
The Federal Tax Service should take into account the typical features of current repairs: the performance of work in buildings in operation, the presence of cluttering objects in the work area, small types of work and a significant proportion of manual labor.
5.4. FSN are intended to determine the estimated cost (price) of work, as well as to draw up estimates, cost estimates and estimated inventories of work when forming contractual prices under a work contract, making payments for work performed and services between the customer and contractors.
5.5. The customer (the owner, the body authorized by him, the managing organization), on the basis of inventories of work using the Federal Tax Service, determines the costs for the current repair of the housing stock for the next calendar year.
5.6. Company estimates and prices can be used for the purposes of intra-production planning and management, which is established by the contractor itself.
5.7. The cost indicators of the FST should be determined at current prices as of the beginning of the planning period (January) with their periodic indexation throughout the year.
5.8. At the first stage of calculating the basic estimated cost (price) of the current repair of a particular residential building, the cost of the entire complex of works is determined by element-by-element calculation of the costs of the current repairs included in the list of works, and their subsequent summation.
5.9. The cost of work is calculated using the Federal Tax Service for the planned period at the current price level at the time of the conclusion of the contract.
5.10. The value of the base estimated cost (price) is determined by summing up the cost of repair work and the estimated profit.
5.11. After all calculations are completed, the value added tax in the amount established by law is added to the base estimated cost (price) (except when a municipal order is issued).
5.12. Company estimates and prices are recommended and become mandatory for use by both parties only after they are included in the relevant sections of the contract. FSN cannot be used by both the customer and the contractor unilaterally, in an indisputable manner.
5.13. The construction, presentation and design of the FSN must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of VSN 58-88 (p), SNiP 10-01-94. The system of estimated regulatory documents in construction and SP 81-01-94. A set of rules for determining the cost of construction as part of pre-project and design - estimate documentation.
5.14. When developing and implementing the Federal Tax Service, it is also recommended to use the Guidelines for the formation of a cost management system for maintenance, maintenance and current repairs of the housing stock of St. Petersburg in the context of the transition to market relations, prepared by the Center for Research and Development in the Urban Economy of CJSC Ecopolis (St. Petersburg). ).
Performed by organizations, regardless of the form of ownership, carrying out construction with the involvement of funds from the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipal budgets, extra-budgetary funds and other sources of funding.
1.3. Base prices in the Directories are set depending on the natural indicators of design objects (capacity, length, capacity, area, etc.) or on the total cost of construction.
1.4. The prices given in the Handbooks are set in accordance with the composition and requirements for the content of sections of project documentation for the construction of enterprises, buildings, structures, provided for by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 16, 2008 No. 87 “On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content ”(Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2008, No. 8, Art. 744).
1.5. The Handbooks provide prices for individual design of capital construction objects of buildings and structures, using drawings of standard (reusable) products and assemblies for individual elements of building structures.
1.6. The prices in the Handbooks take into account the costs of developing design and working documentation, attributable without value added tax.
1.7.1. Production of demonstration materials (except for demonstration layouts).
1.7.2. Participation of the design organization together with the customer in coordinating the finished project documentation with state bodies and local governments.
1.7.3. Protection of project documentation in expert and approving instances.
1.8. The complex prices of the Handbooks for the development of design and working documentation do not take into account the costs of:
1.8.1. Development of the design solutions specified in the design assignment in several versions, with the exception of variant studies to select the optimal design solutions.
The development of additional options for individual technological, structural, architectural and other solutions is established in the design assignment, which should also define sections (or subsections) of the design documentation for which it is necessary to develop these options and the initial data necessary for their development.
The degree of elaboration of additional options is established in agreement with the customer. In the process of developing both the main and additional options, variant study of design solutions is carried out.
1.8.2. Development of solutions for the monumental and decorative design of enterprises, buildings and structures. Such work, in cases where it is provided for by the design assignment, is carried out, as a rule, by organizations of the art fund under separate contracts and prices.
1.8.3. Making changes to the design and working documentation (with the exception of correcting errors made by the design organization). The performance of these works should be provided for by a separate task of the customer and paid additionally.
1.8.4. Development of detailed drawings of metal structures (KMD) and industrial pipelines of factory production. The costs of the design organization that develops the KMD drawings on a separate order of the customer are determined on the basis of costing and are paid additionally.
1.8.5. Carrying out surveys and measuring work at facilities subject to reconstruction, expansion and technical re-equipment. The cost of such work is determined according to the relevant Reference Books, or by calculating the cost in accordance with the cost calculation.
1.8.6. Development of design documentation for custom-made equipment, in addition to the preparation of initial requirements for the design of this equipment.
1.8.7. Business trips. The base prices of the Guides do not take into account the costs of business trips, including the costs of administrative personnel, if the business trips of this personnel are directly related to the design of the facility. The limit of funds for travel expenses is taken into account in the estimate for design work for construction.
1.8.8. Development of projects for the production of works (PPR).
1.8.9. Development of working documentation for the construction of temporary buildings and structures for the needs of construction organizations.
1.8.11. Research and experimental work.
1.8.12. Development of automated enterprise management systems (APCS) and automated process control systems (APCS). The base price for the design of an automated control system and process control system is determined according to the relevant price documents for the development of the specified technical documentation.
1.8.13. Development of the section "Measures for civil defense and measures to prevent natural and man-made emergencies." The base price for the development of the specified section is determined by the relevant Directory.
1.8.14. Performance of work on the assessment of the impact of the capital construction object on the environment (EIA). The cost of work is determined in the manner prescribed in the relevant Handbooks.
1.9. The distribution of the base price for the development of design and working documentation is carried out, as a rule, in accordance with the indicators given in Table 1, and can be specified by agreement between the contractor and the customer.
Table 1
|
Types of documentation |
Percentage of base price |
|
Project documentation |
|
|
working documentation |
|
|
TOTAL |
1.10. If the design assignment provides for the simultaneous development of design documentation and partial development of working documentation, then the total percentage of the base price is determined by agreement between the construction customer and the design organization, depending on the architectural, functional, technological, structural and engineering solutions contained in the design documentation , as well as their level of detail.
1.11. When performing design work, in a reduced composition of sections and scope of work as provided for by the current regulatory documents (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 No. № 87 , of these Guidelines, etc.), their price, regardless of how it is determined, is determined by the prices for the development of design and working documentation using a reduction factor, the amount of which is set by the contractor in agreement with the customer, in accordance with the complexity of the work and the relative cost of developing sections design and working documentation.
1.12. When determining the initial (maximum) contract price for the design work, to their cost determined at the time of the tender (auction), it is recommended to use the deflator index established by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, which is valid in the middle of the standard design period.
1.13. The Handbooks present the recommended relative costs of developing sections of design and working documentation (as a percentage of the base price), which can be specified for subdivisions (departments) of the design organization, when designing a specific object, within a certain total design cost, depending on the complexity of the work performed works.
2. The procedure for determining the base prices for design work
2.1. The procedure for determining the base price depending on the natural indicators of design objects
2.1.1. The base price for the development of design and working documentation is determined by the formula:
C \u003d (a + in)´ To i ,
where
« a" and " in» - constant values for a certain interval of the main indicator of the designed object, in thousand rubles;
X- the main indicator of the designed object;
To i - coefficient reflecting inflationary processes in the design at the time of determining the price of design work for the construction of the facility.
2.1.2. The prices of the Handbooks for the development of design and working documentation for enterprises, workshops, buildings and structures take into account the cost of designing all on-site engineering networks, communications, structures and devices (electricity, water supply, sewerage, heat supply, etc.), including the connection of workshops, buildings and structures to them , as well as schemes for the planning organization of the land plot (master plan and landscaping) within the construction site.
If the price in the Directory is set for the development of design and working documentation for the main production (excluding auxiliary, as well as site engineering networks and structures), the total design cost is determined by a set of cost indicators for designing the main and auxiliary facilities.
The cost of designing outside the construction site of engineering networks and communications is not included in prices and is determined additionally.
2.1.3. If the projected object has a value of the main indicator less than the minimum or more than the maximum indicators given in the price tables of the Handbooks, the price for the development of design and working documentation is determined by extrapolation in accordance with the formula given in and to these Guidelines. This provision also applies to positions where in the price table before the minimum and after the maximum are the words “before” and “above”, respectively. In cases where the accepted indicator is less than half of the minimum or more than twice the maximum indicator given in the table, the base price of design work is determined in the manner prescribed by paragraph 2.1.4 of these Guidelines.
2.1.4. The price for the development of design and working documentation for the construction of facilities for which prices are not given in the Handbooks and cannot be accepted by analogy is determined by the calculation of the cost in accordance with the cost calculation (Form 3P).
2.2. The procedure for determining the base price of the total cost of construction
2.2.1. The base price for the development of design and working documentation is determined from the total cost of construction of the entire complex of buildings (structures) or an object, determined according to the summary estimate calculation of the cost of construction, depending on the categories of complexity of design objects.
2.2.2. The cost of construction can be determined:
With the use of analogue objects, taking into account their comparability;
According to aggregated indicators of the estimated cost per 1 sq. m of total area, 1 cubic meter of building volume, 1 m (km) of the route, 1 ha of development, per unit of power, productivity, etc.
By type or complex of works.
2.2.3. The price for the development of design and working documentation is determined according to tables corresponding to the functional purpose of capital construction projects.
2.2.4. The base price of project documentation is determined by the formula:
where:
|
With |
Base price of design and working documentation at current prices; |
|
With 01 |
Base price of design and working documentation as of 01.01.2001; |
|
Page 01 |
Construction cost as of 01.01.2001 |
|
a |
Percentage of the base price of the total cost of construction in 2001 prices (Directory table). |
|
To i |
The coefficient reflecting inflationary processes in the design at the time of determining the price of design work. |
To recalculate the cost of construction of objects from the price level as of 01/01/2000 to the price level as of 01/01/2001, a coefficient equal to 1.25 is taken.
2.2.5. When the projected object has a construction cost value that is between the indicators given in the table, the base price for the development of project documentation is determined by interpolation. If the cost of building an object is less or more than the extreme cost indicators given in the price table, the base price of design work is accepted in the amounts established for the extreme indicators without extrapolation towards decrease or increase.
2.2.6. In the event that the volume of construction and installation work on the construction site is less than 60% of the total cost of construction, the following coefficients are applied to the prices for design work:
up to 50% - 0.95;
up to 40% - 0.9;
up to 30% - 0.8;
up to 20% - 0.7.
2.2.7. If the contract for the performance of design work provides for an open contract price, then it is recommended that the cost of design work be specified based on the cost of construction determined as a result of the design.
2.2.8. When determining the base price, coefficients that take into account complicating factors (, and these Guidelines) are not applied.
3. The procedure for determining the cost of design work, taking into account additional factors affecting the complexity of design
3.1. The price for the development of design and working documentation using the mock-up design method is determined at the prices of the Handbooks using multiplying factors. If there are no established multiplying factors in the Handbooks, the price for the development of project documentation by the specified method is determined by applying the coefficients to the base price: project documentation - 1.05; working documentation - 1.1.
3.2. The binding price of standard or reusable design documentation, without making changes to the above-ground part of the building, is determined by the prices of the Reference Books using coefficients from 0.2 to 0.35. At the same time, the minimum size of the coefficient is accepted when linking the object without making any changes to the aboveground and underground parts of the building. The price for binding standard or reusable design documentation with changes to it in the underground and above-ground parts is determined at the prices of the Handbooks using a general coefficient of up to 0.8, depending on the complexity of the work. Approximate volumes of work on the development of individual elements of buildings and structures as a percentage of the design cost are given in these Guidelines.
3.3. The price for the development of design and working documentation for the construction of facilities classified as especially dangerous, technically complex and unique capital construction facilities is determined at the prices of the Directories, while the cost of those types of design work, the development of which becomes more complicated, is applied a coefficient of up to 1.5, for with the exception of the Directories, which establish a special procedure for calculating the price of the specified works.
3.4. The price for the development of design and working documentation for the reconstruction of existing enterprises, workshops, buildings and structures is determined at the prices of the Reference Books, based on the value of the main indicator of the projected object, which should be achieved as a result of its reconstruction, technical re-equipment, using a coefficient of up to 1.5, established by the design organization in consultation with the client. For objects classified as especially dangerous, technically complex and unique objects capital construction - up to 2.0.
3.5. The price for the development of design (working) documentation for the overhaul of facilities is determined according to the relevant reference books of basic prices.
If it is not possible to use the specified Handbooks, the price of design work for the overhaul of objects can be determined using the Handbooks of basic prices for design work for new construction conditions, in which the cost of design work is determined from the physical indicators of the designed objects, using a reduction factor that takes into account the amount of work on overhaul and a reduction factor that takes into account the volume, composition of sections and completeness of the development of technical documentation for overhaul in comparison with the composition of sections and the volume of documentation developed for new construction (these Guidelines).
3.6. When compiling local estimates using the resource method, in the absence of a centralized data bank on the current cost of resources in the construction region, a multiplying factor of 1.1 is applied to the cost of developing estimate documentation.
3.7. The price for the development of design and working documentation for the construction of enterprises, buildings and structures in difficult conditions is determined at the prices of the Directories, applying the following coefficients to the cost of design work, for the development of which special requirements are established by the relevant regulatory documents:
|
Factors complicating design |
Odds |
|
Permafrost, subsidence, swelling soils; karst and landslide phenomena; location of the construction site above mine workings, in flooded areas, etc. |
1,15 |
|
Seismicity 7 points |
1,15 |
|
Seismicity 8 points |
1,20 |
|
Seismicity 9 points |
1,30 |
If there are two or more complicating factors, coefficients are applied for each factor.
3.8. The price of designing enterprises, buildings and structures with the installation of imported basic technological equipment used by the design organization for the first time is determined by the prices of the Reference Books; at the same time, a coefficient of up to 1.3 is applied to the cost of types of design work, the development of which is complicated due to the use of the specified equipment, as agreed with the customer.
3.9. The costs of design organizations related to their performance of the functions of the general designer and supervision of design work transferred to subcontracts are determined in the amount of up to 2% of the price of developing design and working documentation transferred to subcontracted design organizations, and are paid additionally.
3.10. The prices of the Handbooks take into account the cost of 4 copies of design and working documentation transferred to the customer. The cost of copies of design products issued at the request of the customer in excess of the specified quantity is determined in addition to the base price.
3.11. When determining the base price of design according to the Reference books of basic prices for design work for construction, in the event of a reduction, at the request of the customer, set in the design assignment, design time compared to the standard ones, it is recommended to apply the following multiplying factors:
3.12. Price application guidelines and correction factors given in one Handbook are not allowed to be used when determining the cost of design work according to other Handbooks.
3.13. The price for the development of design and working documentation, carried out in accordance with the relevant regulatory documents governing the design of facilities for construction abroad, is determined taking into account complicating factors:
|
No. p / p |
Complicating factors |
Ratios to development cost |
|
|
Project documentation |
working documentation |
||
|
Translation of text materials of technical documentation, inscriptions on drawings into a foreign language |
1,05 |
||
|
Translation of materials of a foreign customer into Russian |
1,03 |
1,03 |
|
|
Double checking of calculations, drawings and specifications, calculations of the scope of work, estimate documentation and other project materials, making duplicate copies of cripples, increased requirements for the design and packaging of project documentation |
|||
|
Other factors affecting the increase in the complexity of design work: |
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|
Current frequency and voltage, the difference in the permissible fluctuations in current frequency, different from the Russian Federation (to the cost of designing electrical equipment, power supply, low currents, and, if necessary, other sections) |
1,05 |
||
|
Dry or humid tropical climate |
1,15 |
||
|
Development of project documentation, taking into account the use by the design organization for the first time of equipment and materials purchased in the customer's countries or supplied from third countries |
|||
|
Application of foreign norms and standards for materials and equipment, performance of structural calculations on them, etc., specified by the customer in the design assignment |
1,15 |
||
|
Additional requirements for design and working documentation for the construction of facilities on a contract basis, including the preparation of specifications for equipment and materials for temporary import |
|||
Note - Increasing coefficients are applied to the cost of sections of project documentation or parts thereof, the development of which becomes more complicated.
3.14. When determining the cost of design work at the prices of the Directories, in the presence of several complicating factors and the use of several coefficients greater than one in connection with this, the total multiplying coefficient is determined by summing their fractional parts and one. When determining the cost of design work using several coefficients less than one, the total reduction coefficient is determined by multiplying them.
3.15. Costs of design organizations located in areas where, in accordance with applicable law, payments are made due to regional regulation of wages, incl. payments according to district coefficients, as well as wage bonuses for continuous work experience and other benefits provided for by legislation in the regions of the Far North and areas equivalent to them, are additionally determined by introducing multiplying coefficients to the base price total, established on the basis of the relevant substantiating calculations performed by the design organization itself.
Application No. 1
Extrapolation and interpolation when calculating the price of design work
In the case when the projected object has a value of the main indicator less than the minimum or more than the maximum indicator given in the table of the Base Price Directory, the base price of the design is determined by extrapolation; at the same time, the value of the adjustment to the price is reduced by 40%, i.e. in the calculation, the indicator of the designed object Xset is taken with a coefficient of 0.6.
If the power indicator of the object is less than the tabular indicator, the base price of its design is determined by the formula:
C \u003d a + b´ (0,4 ´ X min + 0,6 ´ X ass ),
where:
If the power indicator of the object is greater than the tabular indicator, the base price of its design is determined by the formula:
C \u003d a + b´ (0,4 ´ X max + 0,6 ´ X ass ),
where:
In the case when only the value “a” is given in the table, and the projected object has an indicator value that does not match those given in the table, the base price of its design is determined by interpolation or extrapolation; when extrapolating upwards or downwards, the value of the correction to the price is reduced by 40% (when calculating the value of the correction, a reduction factor is introduced To=0,6).
Application No. 2
Examples of determining the base price object design, whose indicators are higher, lower or are between the indicators given in the tables of the directory
Example 1. In the case when the values \u200b\u200bof "a" and "c" are given in the table of the Base Price Reference.
|
No. p / p |
Unit of measurement of the main indicator of the object |
|||
|
Wastewater sludge incineration facilities with a capacity, thousand m 3 / year: |
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|
from 25 to 60 |
1 thousand m 3 / year |
66,5 |
||
*) Table indicators are accepted conditionally
1.1. It is required to determine the base price for the design of sewage sludge incineration facilities with a capacity of 15 thousand m 3 /year. The base price is determined by the formula:
C = a + b´ (0,4 ´ X min + 0,6 ´ X ass ),
where
aand in- constant values taken according to the table of the minimum value of the indicator;
X min - the minimum indicator given in the table;
X ass - a given indicator of the designed object.
Calculation example: 66,5 + 1,2 ´ (0,4 ´ 25 + 0,6 ´ 15) = 89.3 thousand rubles
1.2. It is required to determine the base price for the design of sewage sludge incineration facilities with a capacity of 80 thousand m3/year. The base price is determined by the formula:
C = a + b´ (0,4 ´ X max + 0.6´ X ass),
where
aand in- constant values taken according to the table of the maximum value of the indicator;
X max - the maximum indicator given in the table;
X ass - a given indicator of the designed object.
Calculation example: 66,5 + 1,2 ´ (0,4 ´ 60 + 0,6 ´ 80) = 152.9 thousand rubles
Example 2. In the case when only the value "a" is given in the table of the Base Price Reference.
In the Reference book of basic prices for design work, a table is given:
|
No. p / p |
Name of the design object |
Unit of measurement of the main indicator of the object |
Constant values of the base price for the development of design and working documentation, thousand rubles. |
|
|
Rinsing water treatment facilities, capacity, m 3 /day. |
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|
1 m 3 / day |
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|
- “ - |
||||
|
................... |
......... |
......... |
||
|
................... |
......... |
......... |
||
|
40000 |
219,4 |
|||
|
80000 |
369,1 |
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2.1. It is required to determine the base price for the design of a wash water treatment plant with a capacity of 100 m 3 /day.
Calculation example: thousand roubles.
2.2. It is required to determine the base price for designing a wash water treatment plant with a capacity of 300 m 3 /day. Interest
I. Underground part of the building
Foundations, except for pile foundations, with resizing
Foundations, except for pile foundations, with a change in type
Pile foundations
II. Aboveground part
Facades without processing of the heating project
12,5
Walls with a change in material or thickness or design
Floors with a change in the design, type or layout of panels
Redevelopment of premises
Floors with redesign
Interior decoration
Staircase and elevator assembly with a change in the design of the elevator
Window
Redesigned roof
Inputs
At present, the procedure for the formation of the estimated cost is determined by the Methodological Guidelines for determining the cost of construction products on the territory of the Russian Federation, developed by the Department of Pricing and Estimated Rationing in Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Gosstroy of Russia and the Interregional Center for Pricing in Construction and the Building Materials Industry of the Gosstroy of Russia, introduced in effective from 1 July 1999.
These guidelines are mandatory for use for all enterprises and organizations engaged in construction with the involvement of budget funds and targeted off-budget funds, and for construction projects financed at the expense of organizations' own funds, they are advisory in nature.
The basis for determining the estimated cost are:
. project and working documentation (drawings, statements of volumes of construction and installation works), specifications and statements for equipment; main decisions on the organization and sequence of construction; explanatory notes to project materials);
. the current estimated and regulatory framework, which entered into force on January 1, 1990 (it is also possible to use the estimated norms and prices of 1984). In the absence of the necessary estimated standards, as well as for specialized construction projects, individual estimated standards can be used.
The estimated cost of construction in accordance with the technological structure of capital investments and the procedure for carrying out the activities of construction and installation organizations is determined by the following elements:
. construction works;
. installation work;
. costs for the acquisition (manufacturing) of the main and auxiliary technological equipment, furniture and inventory;
. other costs (design and survey and research work, training of operational personnel, maintenance of the customer-developer service).
In practice, construction and installation work, when calculating the estimated cost, are combined into one article.
The estimated cost of construction and installation works is determined by adding up direct costs, overhead costs and planned savings.
Ssmr \u003d PZ + HP + PN.
Direct costs include the cost of paying workers; the cost of materials, parts and structures; operating costs of construction machines and mechanisms. Costs are determined directly by direct account on the basis of physical volumes for structures, types of work and estimated norms and prices.
Estimated labor costs (Zot) are determined based on the labor intensity of work (T, man-hours), determined by the norms; the average monthly wage for 1 worker (Zmonth, rub.) and the average monthly number of hours (t, hour/month):
Zot \u003d T x Zmes / t
The estimated cost of material resources is determined on the basis of data on the regulatory need for materials, parts and structures in physical units of measurement (Pm) and the corresponding prices for this type of material resources (Tsm):
Zm = Σ(Rm x Tsm).
Estimated costs for the operation of construction machinery and equipment are determined based on the data on the time of use of the necessary machines in accordance with applicable standards (in machine-hours) and the price of 1 machine-hour of operation of the machines. To determine the price of 1 machine-hour, you can use the formula:
Tsmash.-hour. \u003d (Zed + Zgod + Zexpl) x Knr,
where Zed - one-time costs for 1 machine-hour; rub./machine-hour;
Zgod - annual costs for 1 machine-hour; rub./machine-hour;
Zeksp - operating costs per 1 machine-hour; rub./machine-hour;
CNR is a coefficient that takes into account the overhead costs of departments and bases for the operation of construction machines.
One-time costs take into account the cost of moving machines from the base to the construction site or from one construction site to another. They also include the costs of installation, dismantling, loading and unloading of relocated machines, as well as the costs of using installation tools.
Annual costs correspond to depreciation charges.
Operating costs include the wages of workers involved in the management and maintenance of machines, the cost of electricity, fuel, lubricants, the maintenance and repair of temporary rail tracks, and a number of other costs.
Overhead costs in construction include the costs of managing and maintaining the contract and are associated with providing the necessary conditions for the functioning of the construction production process. When determining the estimated cost, overheads are calculated indirectly based on:
1. industry-wide consolidated standards for the main types of construction;
2. norms of overhead costs by types of construction and installation works;
3. individual overhead rate for a particular organization.
The amount of planned savings can be determined on the basis of an individual norm for a particular organization or recommended industry-wide standards in the amount of 50% of the wages of workers or 12% of the sum of estimated direct costs and overheads.
Estimated documentation for construction includes local and object estimates. Local estimates are compiled for certain types of construction and installation works, they group the data into sections for individual elements of the building (structure), types of work and devices. The order of grouping should correspond to the technological sequence of work and take into account the specific features of individual types of construction. For buildings and structures, it is advisable to make a division into the underground part (the so-called “zero cycle” works) and the above-ground part.
Previously, we pointed out the need to organize cost accounting for the production of construction and installation works in the context of individual technological complexes. In this regard, we consider it expedient, when drawing up local estimates at the stage of design and construction planning, to group information on the estimated cost into sections corresponding to the selected technological complexes. Such a grouping will allow for an operational analysis of deviations of actual costs from estimated costs arising in the process of implementing a work contract.
Object estimates are compiled by summing up the data of local estimates and represent information on the total estimated cost of the object necessary for settlements between the customer and the contractor. Additionally, the estimate for the object indicates the amount of funds to cover the limited costs, including:
. for an increase in the cost of work in winter, the cost of temporary structures and other costs in the appropriate percentage of the result of each type of work or the result of construction and installation work for all local estimates;
. part of the contingency reserve, in the amount agreed between the contractor and the customer.
When determining the estimated cost, the investor (customer) and the contractor can use various methods, the choice of which in each case depends on the terms of the contract and the general economic situation (Fig. 1.9).
Resource method - calculation in current (projected) prices and tariffs of resources (cost elements) necessary for the implementation of the design solution. When drawing up estimates, natural meters of the consumption of materials and structures, the time spent on the operation of machinery and equipment, the labor costs of workers are used, and the prices for these resources are taken current (i.e., at the time of drawing up the estimates). Using this method allows you to determine the estimated cost of the object at any time.
The resource-index method involves the additional use of price indices for resources used in construction.
The base-index method is based on the application of a system of current and forecast indices in relation to the cost of construction, determined in the base level. To bring it to the level of current (forecast) prices, the basic cost of the object for individual lines of the estimate and each of the elements of the technological structure of capital investments is multiplied by the corresponding index for the industry (sub-sector), type of work, followed by summing up the results of the estimate.
The basic compensation method is the summation of the cost calculated in the basic level of estimated prices and the additional costs associated with rising prices for the resources used in construction, with the clarification of these calculations during the construction process, depending on the real change in prices.
As another method of determining the estimated cost, information on the cost of previously built or designed similar facilities can be used.
It should be noted that the formation of prices is determined by the organizational form of construction.
When concluding direct bilateral agreements between the customer and the contractor, the price determined in the work contract is formed on the basis of the estimated cost calculated by the designer on behalf of the customer in agreement with the contractor. All deviations from the estimate arising during the construction process are regulated by the parties, each of which has opposing interests. The contract, as a rule, provides for all the necessary conditions for changing the estimated cost, reimbursement of unforeseen expenses, etc., therefore, if it is properly drawn up, the risk of the contractor remains the minimum drawback of this practice is the possibility of overestimating the estimated cost, and, consequently, the price of the object.
In the implementation of turnkey construction, the price of construction products is determined unilaterally, since the functions of the customer are performed by the contractor. In this case, the pricing will be directly affected by the availability of construction financing from investors, if budgets and extra-budgetary funds act as sources of financing in whole or in part, then the estimated cost is determined in strict accordance with the requirements of the Methodological recommendations of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation. The amount of profit that the contractor will receive can be increased by the amount of savings in the resources used for construction in relation to the estimate.
However, construction financing is most often carried out at the expense of own funds of organizations or individuals. In this case, the contractor may seek to overprice, believing that the higher the price set, the more profit will be made.
As a rule, this applies to housing construction, the general contractor who builds a residential building acts both as a customer and, in part or in full, as an investor at the same time. At the stage of construction of an object, funds from individuals or legal entities can be attracted on the basis of equity participation. Prices, in this case, are determined by the contractor, however, in a competitive environment, they must be formed under the influence of supply and demand.
When concluding direct bilateral agreements between the customer and the contractor, the estimated cost is formed as agreed between the two parties. In this case, the risk of the contractor depends mainly on objective factors. As a rule, in practice there is an overestimation of the estimated cost by the contractor either at the design stage or during the construction process.
The overwhelming majority of experts argue that the current system of estimated pricing and rationing in construction is outdated and leads to significant distortions in the cost of construction and installation works.
However, according to Volkov B.A., Yanygin V.Yu. and others, “under the current conditions, the creation of a full-fledged analogue of the estimate documentation that existed under the planned economy is, in principle, impossible for a number of reasons. The first of these is the free pricing of resources, as a result of which any modern reference book loses its freshness after six months and becomes practically unusable after a year due to the constant change in market conditions. The second reason is that over the past time the technology of construction has partially changed, new machines, building materials and structures have appeared. These changes have affected different organizations to varying degrees.” Therefore, like any system of standards, the new estimated norms would have an average character, but at the same time they may be of little use for the conditions in which a particular firm has to work.
Bidding is becoming the main tool for optimizing prices, as an organizational form of construction that allows creating conditions for competition when placing an order. Bidding is widely and actively used in international practice and has recently become more widespread in the Russian Federation. Bidding experience shows that, other things being equal, the price of the contract based on the results of the tender is inversely related to the number of bidders. In most cases, the contract price for construction, which is formed as a result of competition at the auctions of contractors, subcontractors, suppliers of equipment and structures, is on average 5-30% lower. Bidding allows customers to choose the most advantageous offers both in terms of price and other commercial and technical conditions. It should be noted that when switching to a trading system, real incentives for development are received by construction organizations that have a higher level of management organization, use advanced technologies, and practice a more flexible pricing policy. It is quite obvious that the lower the price offered by the contractor, the more likely the construction organization to win the auction. However, underpricing, in turn, can lead to losses. To avoid this situation, managers should have information about the maximum level of price reduction, the size of possible unforeseen losses, etc.
When deciding whether to participate in the tender, the contractor must determine the contract price at which he will sell his future products. In this case, several price options should be calculated: from “free” to “hard”. The contract price can be based on the estimated cost calculated according to aggregated indicators.
01/30/2009 A new "Procedure for determining the cost of construction and repair work" was approved
In order to improve the system for determining the cost, carried out on the territory of Turkmenistan, the President of Turkmenistan signed Resolution No. 000 dated 01.01.2001, according to which the “Procedure for determining the cost of construction and repair work” was approved.
This Order came into force on January 1, 2009.
This Decree also notes that the Decrees of the President of Turkmenistan dated 01.01.2001 no. No. 000 "On determining the cost of work in the construction industry" and dated 01.01.2001. No. 000 "On improving the calculation of the cost of construction and installation works of water facilities."
Approved by resolution President of Turkmenistan No. 000 dated January 30, 2009
ORDER cost determination
The procedure for determining the cost of construction and repair work (hereinafter referred to as the Procedure) establishes the conditions for pricing in the field of construction for all participants in the investment process engaged in the construction, reconstruction and capital (current) repair of facilities at the expense of public funds and bank loans in the national currency of Turkmenistan.
I. Determination of the cost of construction and installation works, reconstruction and overhaul works to predict the volume of state capital investments
The cost of construction and installation works, reconstruction and overhaul works (hereinafter referred to as construction works) at current prices at the stage of forecasting the volume of state capital investments is determined using the indices of changes in current prices for capital construction and overhaul (Appendix) to the base level.
The base level is the cost of construction work, determined according to the estimated rates and prices introduced from January 1, 1984 (hereinafter referred to as the base level of estimated rates and prices). For design and survey work for facilities financed by state centralized capital investments, as well as funds from budgetary organizations, the base level is the cost of design work, determined according to estimated norms and prices introduced on January 1, 1987.
The ratio of basic prices to the national currency is conventionally assumed to be 1:50.
II. Determining the cost of construction work
The cost of construction work performed at current prices is determined on the basis of the basic level of estimated norms and prices using the resource-index method:
- material costs - resource method;
- the cost of wages and operation of construction machines and mechanisms - by the index method.
Overhead costs and planned savings are accepted according to the marginal norms established by this Procedure for determining the cost of work at current prices.
Costs for temporary buildings and other works included in the scope of construction and installation works are also determined by the resource-index method in the manner established for construction works. Costs for other works not included in the scope of construction and installation works are determined by the index method.
The cost of unforeseen work and costs is determined according to the standards adopted in the design and estimate documentation in base prices, taking into account their recalculation for the corresponding indices.
Payroll preparation
The amount of funds for wages as part of direct costs at current prices is calculated on the basis of the estimated wage value determined at base prices, according to the following formula:
where I - the amount of funds for wages;
Ih - total for the object (part of it) the value of the basic wages of construction workers in the basic level of estimated norms and prices;
G - index for wages in accordance with Appendix No. 1 to this Procedure.
Calculation of costs for the operation of construction machines and mechanisms
The cost of operating construction machines and mechanisms at current prices (including the wages of workers servicing these machines and mechanisms) is determined as the product of their estimated cost, calculated at the base level of estimated norms and prices, by the index established by Appendix No. 1 of this Procedure.
Calculation of costs for material resources
The cost of material resources in the prices valid for the current period is determined based on data on the regulatory need for materials, products, parts and structures in accepted physical units of measurement and the corresponding price for a specific type of material resource, which consists of its wholesale price, the cost of containers, packaging, margins of supply and marketing organizations, the cost of transportation, loading and unloading operations and procurement and storage costs in accordance with the consignment note and invoice.
The normative need for material resources is determined on the basis of design estimates and general production norms for the consumption of materials in construction.
Overheads
Overhead costs for general construction works are calculated:
- for construction, installation and repair work from the amount of direct costs in accordance with Appendix No. 2 of this Procedure;
- for installation and special construction works from the amount of direct costs or the amount of funds for the remuneration of workers in the main production according to the estimate in accordance with Appendix No. 3 of this Procedure.
Planned savings
The rate of planned savings is set at 15% of the sum of direct costs and overheads.
The composition of direct costs for the calculation of overheads and planned savings includes:
- wages and costs for the operation of machines and mechanisms determined by the index method in accordance with this Procedure;
- material resources calculated in the prices valid for the current period, taking into account transportation costs and procurement and storage costs, determined in accordance with this Procedure.
III. Calculation of the cost of construction work
Settlements between customers and contractors for the completed construction work are carried out for the actually completed volumes of work, calculated at the base level of estimated norms and prices in accordance with the approved design and estimate documentation and recalculated for their cost in the current period, taking into account the provisions of Section II of this Procedure and reflected in the act according to F-2 form.
Selling prices for materials, with the exception of those used in construction work carried out at the expense of state centralized capital investments and funds from budgetary institutions, are determined on the basis of a protocol for agreeing on a contract price between the supplier and the consumer. Transportation costs for the transportation of materials to the warehouse of the facility are calculated at contractual prices.
For objects financed by state centralized capital investments and funds from budgetary institutions, the following prices are accepted:
a) for local building materials and products (non-metallic building materials, cement, slate, glass, asphalt, ready-mixed concrete, ceramic bricks) | prices approved by the Ministry of Economy and Development of Turkmenistan; |
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b) for construction products manufactured in Turkmenistan, not specified in paragraph "a" (metal structures, reinforced concrete products, windows, doors, etc.) | prices approved by manufacturers and agreed with the Ministry of Construction of Turkmenistan (the procedure for approval is determined by the Ministry of Construction of Turkmenistan independently); |
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in) for building materials and products purchased on the domestic market | market prices registered by the State Statistics Committee of Turkmenistan; |
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G) for building materials and products imported from abroad | prices specified in the Contracts registered at the State Commodity and Raw Materials Exchange of Turkmenistan (including customs and exchange costs); |
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d) for transport services | prices determined in accordance with the price list approved by the Ministry of Economy and Development of Turkmenistan; |
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e) for construction materials and products imported into the territory of Turkmenistan as payment for electricity and natural gas supplied for export | prices approved by the Commodity Supply Commission for the export of natural gas and electricity under the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan. |
In the absence of supporting documents, the cost of transport services, loading and unloading operations, procurement and storage costs for building materials and metal structures is taken from the current cost of material resources in the following amounts:
- transport services - 3%,
- loading and unloading operations and procurement and storage costs:
- for building materials - 2%,
- for metal structures - 0.75%.
Expenses for temporary buildings and structures and unforeseen work are accepted according to the standards established by the base prices. These costs are included in the act in the form F-2, taking into account that the specified work has actually been completed and confirmed by the customer service. If the costs for temporary buildings and structures and unforeseen work, determined according to the standards established for base prices, are exceeded, the actual costs must be substantiated by the relevant documents.
The cost of capital repairs that are not included in the scope of work for the mandatory state examination, in accordance with the standards established by the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan, is determined on the basis of estimated defective acts agreed with the design institute and replacing the project and estimate.
IV. Customer costs. Equipment
The cost of the equipment provided for by the project (installed and not requiring installation) when forecasting is determined as the product of its cost in basic prices by the index in accordance with Appendix No. 1. When settling accounts with suppliers, the cost is determined at the free-place price in accordance with the submitted documents.
The actual cost of the equipment payable consists of the purchase price of the equipment from the supplier, transport and procurement and storage costs, which should not exceed 3% and 1.2%, respectively, of the actual cost of the equipment.
The costs of pre-assembly inspection of equipment performed on the basis of a defective act agreed upon by the customer and the contractor are included in the cost of the equipment and are financed from the reserve for unforeseen work and costs remaining at the disposal of the customer.
Design and survey work, state expertise and architectural supervision
The cost of design and survey work and state expertise (except for design and survey work on facilities financed from centralized state capital investments, as well as at the expense of institutions financed from the budget) is determined in accordance with the procedure established by the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan.
The cost of design and survey work for facilities financed from state centralized capital investments and funds from budgetary organizations is determined at base prices using the index specified in Appendix No. 1.
When developing new projects that do not have basic developments and standards, by agreement of the parties, the cost of design and survey work can be determined by labor costs, including overhead costs in the amount prevailing for the previous semi-annual, annual periods, but should not exceed 100% of the basic salary main staff.
Planned savings in the design of construction projects and facilities financed from state centralized capital investments and funds from budgetary organizations are set at 15%, for others - by mutual agreement of the parties, but not more than 30%.
Author's supervision costs are determined based on the actual labor costs, including overhead costs in the amount established for the previous six months.
Designer supervision costs for objects financed from state centralized capital investments and funds from budgetary organizations are determined as the product of the established standard from the estimated cost in basic prices by the index established in Appendix No. 1 for design and survey work.
Funds for the maintenance of the directorate of the customer (hereinafter referred to as the directorate) are provided in the consolidated estimate calculation for the entire period of construction at basic prices in the established amounts from the estimated cost.
For objects financed from budgetary funds, the costs of maintaining the directorate are determined according to the standards established for base prices, using the index specified in Appendix No. 1. In case of insufficient funds for the maintenance of the directorate, additional funds are determined in agreement with the Ministry of Economy and Development of Turkmenistan according to calculations based on the reporting data of the directorate, where other costs, except for wages and state social insurance payments, should not exceed 10% of the salary of key employees.
In the case of construction carried out at the expense of other sources of financing, the calculations for the maintenance of the directorate are determined on the basis of a contract between the customer and the contractor.
Directorates, which have in their composition bases of a complete set and carry out procurement and storage work, include the costs of these works in the estimate of expenses for the maintenance of the directorate. At the same time, the cost estimate is paid at the expense of the general funds allocated for financing the facilities.
In order to economically spend public funds allocated for the construction of facilities, the following requirements must be met:
the number of the customer's apparatus - the developer should not exceed the calculated headcount indicators in accordance with Appendix No. 4;
wages should be determined in accordance with the current regulatory legal acts of Turkmenistan.
To determine the costs of maintaining the directorate during the construction of mixed investment facilities (at the expense of the budget and own funds of organizations, enterprises and other legal entities and individuals), calculations are carried out in a similar manner, observing the proportions of spending budget allocations and investors' own funds.
Appendix
construction and repair work
INDICES
changes in current prices for capital construction and overhaul to the base level
Name of works | Index |
Construction and installation works in all sectors (except for water management facilities, highways, engineering networks and transport pipelines) | |
Equipment | |
Construction and installation works at water facilities | |
Construction of engineering networks and transport pipelines, including oil and gas pipelines | |
Road construction | |
Overhaul, overhaul of highways | |
Drilling work | |
Design and survey work | |
Other works not included in construction and installation works | |
Operational work | |
Wage | |
Operation of construction machines and mechanisms (except for water facilities) | |
Operation of construction machines and mechanisms |
Appendix
to the Procedure for determining the cost
construction and repair work
Marginal rates of overhead costs for construction and installation and repair and construction works
Name of contractors | As a percentage of direct costs |
I. Construction and installation works | |
For enterprises, organizations and institutions : | |
Ministry of Water Resources of Turkmenistan | |
Ministry of Construction of Turkmenistan | |
Concern "Turkmenenergogurlushyk" | |
State Concern "Turkmenavtoyollary" | |
Ministry of Trade and Foreign Economic Relations of Turkmenistan | |
Ministry of Communications of Turkmenistan | |
State Concern "Turkmenneftegazstroy" | |
Association "Turkmenobahyzmat" | |
Other contractors, regardless of ownership | |
II. Repair work | |
All contractors, regardless of ownership |
Appendix
to the Procedure for determining the cost
construction and repair work
Marginal rates of overhead costs for installation and special construction work
Name of works | Overhead as a percentage |
||
From the amount of funds for the wages of workers in the main production | From the amount of direct costs |
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Installation of equipment | |||
Installation of radio-television and electronic equipment | |||
Laying and installation of communication networks | |||
Laying and installation of intercity communication lines | |||
Electric installation work | |||
Signaling, centralization, blocking and communication device on railways | |||
Arrangement of aircraft landing aids and air traffic control systems at airfields | |||
Installation of metal structures | |||
Internal sanitary works | |||
Underground mining and capital works in industries | |||
Drilling and blasting | |||
Drilling work on the water |
Appendix
to the Procedure for determining the cost
construction and repair work
The number of employees of the customer-developer, depending on the volume of capital investments for the year
The volume of capital investments for the year in base prices, excluding value added tax | Number of employees |
Notes:
1. Intermediate numbers, if necessary, are determined by interpolation.
2. The number of staff of the customer-builder with an annual volume of capital investments over 3 million manats increases by one for every 60,000 manats of investments over the specified amount.
The cost of these types of works (services) is determined according to the relevant standards. The procedure for calculating the cost is the same and provides for the possibility of using three methods.
1. Depending on the natural indicators of objects (NPO) design according to reference books of basic prices with subsequent indexation.
2 As a percentage of the estimated cost of construction at current prices according to base price reference books.
3. By compiling a cost estimate based on the labor costs of workers performing design work.
Normative base
The main regulatory documents for determining the cost of design work are reference books of basic prices (BCS). At present, it is possible to use directories in three price levels: as of 01.01.2001 (SBC-01), and as of 01.01.1995 (SBC-95) and as of 01.01.1991 (STS-91).
Modern directories of basic prices for design work for construction (SBC-01) have been published since 2003. The prices of newly issued directories are set depending on the national indicators of objects or as a percentage of the estimated cost of construction.
A similar order was adopted in the SBC-95 reference books published in 1994-1999. Standards for determining the cost of design work as a percentage of the cost of construction at current prices were proposed in 1994. This happened in conditions of high inflation. Their use increased the cost of work, it was beneficial to design organizations and did not satisfy customers.
In the price guide for design work for construction (STs-91), issued in the period 1988-1990, indicators of the cost of work are established depending on the natural indicators of design objects.
The prices of the newly issued reference price guides, set depending on the NGO, supersede the prices contained in the relevant sections of the STs-91 Price Book. The introduction of base price guides, set as a percentage of the estimated cost of construction, Fie provides for the abolition of the relevant sections of SO-91, but the use of the Documents of a later edition is preferred.
The list of current directories of basic prices for design work for construction is given in Appendix. 19. As part of the SC and SBC are given:
main provisions indicating the list of works [i costs, accounted for and unaccounted for in this collection;
basic prices for design work by chapters (types of objects);
tables of the relative cost of developing project documentation. When determining base prices from directories, one should be guided by
also relevant methodological documents:
when applying SBC-01 - General guidelines for the use of reference books of basic prices for design work for construction, approved. Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated 07.08.02 No. 102;
when using SBTs-95 - “Explanations on the use of price collections and reference books of basic prices for design work for construction * - recommended by the State Construction Committee of Russia, 1999;
when applying STs-91 - "Temporary recommendations for determining the base prices for design work for construction in a market economy, taking into account inflationary processes?" (Appendix No. 1 to the letter of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated December 17, 1992 No. BF-1060/9).
The procedure for applying reference books of basic prices
The procedure for applying base price reference books is established by the relevant Instructions of the Gosstroy of Russia. They present the main provisions adopted in the development of SBC-0 I, and the procedure for determining the cost of completed work, taking into account the factors affecting their labor intensity.
The base prices in the directories are determined in accordance with the composition of the project documentation, the procedure for its development, coordination and approval, established in SNiP 11-01-95. Prices include all costs for the development of project documentation and profit, excluding value added tax. The prices take into account additional costs associated with the participation of the design organization in the approval of the project in state and municipal bodies and its protection in inspecting and approving authorities, including the production of demonstration materials (except for mock-ups).
The base prices do not take into account a number of costs associated with additional or special studies that go beyond the scope of the assignment for the design of the facility. These include:
and development of design solutions in several options, with the exception of variant studies to select the optimal design solution;
survey and measurement work at facilities subject to reconstruction, expansion, technical re-equipment;
development of detailed drawings of metal structures (KMD) and technological pipelines; design documentation for custom-made equipment; working drawings and special
auxiliary structures, fixtures and devices in the design of objects with particularly precise structures and methods of work;
development of projects for the production of construction and installation works (PPR) and project documentation for the construction of temporary buildings and structures for the needs of construction organizations;
design of automated enterprise control systems (APCS) and technological processes (APCS);
development of sections of the project "Engineering and technical measures for civil defense and protection against emergency situations" (ITM GOChS) and "Protection from environmental impacts>:> (EIA);
solutions for monumental and decorative design of enterprises, buildings and structures and interior design.
If any of the listed works is undertaken to be performed by the organization designing the construction object, this must be specifically stipulated in the contract and paid for according to estimates and calculations drawn up in accordance with the relevant standards.
The base prices do not include and are reimbursed by the customer for the costs of business trips, including administrative personnel, if they are directly related to the design of the facility.
The "Guidelines" contain recommendations for taking into account and evaluating factors that affect the complexity of design work by applying correction factors:
with a mock-up design method - 1.05 at the "design" stage and 1.1 at the "working design" and "working documentation" stages (in the absence of such coefficients in specific directories);
during construction in stages, the cost of developing working projects for enterprises and structures is determined at the prices of reference books, based on the main indicators for each stage separately. At the same time, up to 20% of the cost of developing a detailed design (without working documentation) or the design of all subsequent Stages is added to the cost of designing the first stage of construction;
Q the cost of linking standard projects is determined by the prices of directories with a coefficient of 0.35; when making changes to standard projects - with a coefficient of up to 0.7;
p the price for the development of design documentation for the construction of facilities classified as unique and experimental is determined according to reference books r using a coefficient of 1.5 to the cost of those types of work that are becoming more complicated;
Q if the project provides for the installation of imported equipment, used for the first time by the design organization, then a coefficient of up to 1.3 is applied to the cost of the types of design work that become more complicated in connection with this (as agreed with the customer);
Q in the construction of enterprises, buildings and structures in difficult natural conditions, the following correction factors are applied to the cost of design work: Factors that complicate the design Factor Permafrost, subsidence, swelling soils, karst and landslide phenomena, the location of the construction site above mine workings, in flooded areas, etc. .1.15 Seismicity: 7 points 1.15 8 points 1.2 9 points., : 1.3 ?
If there are two or more complicating factors, coefficients are applied for each factor.
In "Instructions-?" also contains recommendations on the procedure for determining the cost of developing project documentation for construction abroad:
the cost of implementing projects, working projects and working documentation for the construction of enterprises, buildings and structures is determined at the prices of directories using, respectively, coefficients of 1.2; 1.04 and 1.0;
additionally, coefficients are applied that take into account the influence of complicating factors: No. Complicating factors Coefficients for the cost of developing a draft working documentation, working draft 1. Translation into a foreign language of text materials, technical documentation, inscriptions on drawings 1.1 1.05 2. Translation into Russian language of materials of a foreign customer 1.03 1.03 3. Double check of calculations, drawings and specifications, calculations of the scope of work, estimate documentation and other design materials. Increased requirements for the execution of project documentation 1.2 1.1 4. Application of foreign norms and standards for materials and equipment, performing structural calculations on them 1.15 1.2 5. Development by a design organization for the first time of projects using equipment and materials purchased in countries of the customer or supplied from third countries 1.3 1.3 b. Differences in the frequency and voltage parameters, within the permissible limits of their fluctuations (to the cost of designing electrical equipment, power supply, low currents, instrumentation, and, if necessary, other sections) 1.1 1.05 7. Tropical climate features (dry or humid) 1 ,15 1.1 No. Complicating factors Coefficients and costs of developing the draft working documentation, working draft 8. Additional requirements for project documentation in the construction of facilities on a contract basis, including the preparation of specifications for equipment and materials for temporary import 1.1 1 ,one
The prices of the reference books include the cost of drawing up project documentation in 4 copies, issued to the customer. The cost of project products, issued at the request of the customer in excess of the specified quantity, is paid additionally.
When reducing the design time compared to the normative ones, in agreement with the customer, it is recommended to apply multiplying factors to the cost of design work:
with a reduction in the term by 1.2 times - up to 1.1;
1.4 times - up to 1.2;
2 or more times - up to 1.4.
The costs of design organizations related to the implementation of their functions as a general designer and supervision of design work transferred to subcontracting are determined in the amount of up to 2% of the cost of subcontracted work and are paid by the customer additionally.
Determining the cost of design work depending on the natural indicators of design objects
The price for the development of project documentation (P) is calculated by the formula:
C \u003d (o + in x.V) x K11I1 x K y x I1shі1іya /
where a and b are constant values for determining the interval of the main indicator of the designed object;
X - the main indicator of the designed object in the accepted units of measurement: 1 me of the construction volume of buildings, km of the length of engineering networks, etc.; K, - general pricing coefficient for project development;
- overall coefficient for complicating factors; I - the current index of change in the basic cost of the work carried out.
The coefficients used in determining the cost of design work are divided into pricing and taking into account conditional factors.
Pricing factors include coefficients that establish the distribution of the basic cost by type of construction, design stages, sections of the project, individual objects and types of work. Pricing coefficients when calculating the cost of the project are multiplied and give the total coefficient K ^.
Base prices in reference books 1995 and 2001 set to develop the project in two stages: Design and Working Documentation. The allocation of the base price to the design stages is given in the Fundamentals section of each volume. For example, when designing housing and civil construction, the distribution is recommended: Project (P) - 30%, Working documentation - .70%, Working draft - 85% of the total base price for the development of project documentation. If it is necessary to develop a preliminary design, the base price is determined in the amount of not more than 15%. !
The cost of developing design documentation for the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises, workshops, buildings and structures is determined at the prices of directories based on the value of the main indicator of the projected facility, which should be achieved as a result of its reconstruction, technical re-equipment, using a coefficient of up to 1.5 set by the design organization in agreement with the customer.
The cost of developing technical documentation for the overhaul of building structures of buildings and structures is determined according to the corresponding reference book of base prices.
If it is impossible to apply the specified reference book, the cost of work can be determined from the relevant reference books of basic prices for design work for new construction conditions with a coefficient of up to 0.5, depending on the scope of work.
Factors that complicate the design, and methods for taking them into account, recommended in the General Guidelines, are discussed above. It is possible to clarify and supplement them in the General Provisions for individual reference books, as well as in the notes to the notes. the price tables they contain.
For example, the General Explanations of the Reference Price Guide for Residential Construction Projects make the following recommendations:
1.6. The base price for designing an object in difficult conditions of inclusion of an object in the environment (an object in a historical environment, in a protected landscape zone, in difficult crowded areas, etc.) is determined in agreement with the customer using a coefficient of up to 1.2 to the architectural part of the project .
1.8.1 The base price for the design of combined or interlocked buildings and structures, as well as buildings with built-in premises for other purposes, if this combination, blocking or incorporation is not provided for by the standards for their design, is determined by summing up the prices for the design of combined or blocked individual buildings and structures, and also the main building and embedded premises.
At the same time, the base price for designing the main building is accepted with a factor of 1, and the total cost of buildings blocked with it or built-in premises is accepted with a reduction factor as agreed with the customer.
1.9.1 The base price for the design of buildings with enclosing and load-bearing structures made of monolithic concrete or volumetric blocks is determined by applying a coefficient of 1.4 to those sections, the development of which becomes more complicated.
The share of the cost of a section of design documentation at any of the three stages of design is taken in accordance with the table of the relative cost of developing design documentation.
If it is necessary to calculate the cost of designing a complex or type of work, for example, pile foundations, the proportion of this type of design work in the corresponding part of the project (in this case, in the architectural and construction part) is determined by the design organization, based on the complexity of the work (in our example, 20 x 0.6 = 12%), and agrees with the customer.
Prn determining the cost of design work according to reference books, in the presence of several complicating factors and the use of several coefficients greater than one in connection with this, the total multiplying coefficient K ^ is determined by summing their fractional parts and one. When determining the price using several coefficients less than one, the total reduction coefficient is determined by multiplying them. In the case of applying simultaneously increasing and decreasing coefficients, first, in the order indicated above, the general increasing and general decreasing coefficients are determined, which are then multiplied.
Inflation indices for the cost of design work are set quarterly by Gosstroy to base prices as of 01.01.2001 and 01.01.1995. For the 4th quarter of 2007, the indexes are set at 2.39 and 18.4, respectively. The latter index also applies to the denas on 01/01/1991, since when moving from them to the prices on 01/01/1995, an index of 1000 was adopted, which after the denomination in 1998 turned into 1. The prices given in the base price reference books known in 1994-1997, should be reduced by 1000 times, that is, instead of the unit of measurement "million." rub. accept "thousand rubles.
Below are examples of basic prices for design work for the construction of residential buildings (Table 3.22). A table of the relative cost of developing design documentation is given (according to SBC-01) (Table 3.23).
Determination of prices for design work depending on the estimated cost of construction
In a number of reference books of basic prices for design work in 1995, including for civil engineering, prices are set as a percentage of the total cost of construction at current prices:
where C - the price of design work in current prices; C - the cost of construction in current prices;
i - the percentage of the price of design work, taken according to the table of the directory, depending on the cost of construction in base prices and the category of complexity of the object (Table 3.24,3.25).
In SBC-95, the cost of construction is indicated in prices as of 01/01/1991; in SBC-01 - in prices as of 01/01/2001.
Since the basic prices for 01/01/2000 are in force in construction, it is recommended in the "General Instructions" to recalculate the cost into the price level as of 01/01/2001 to apply a coefficient of 1.38.
Table 3.22. Residential buildings No. p / p Name of the design object Unit of measurement of the main indicator of the object Constant values of the base price for the development of project documentation, thousand rubles. a s 1. 1-storey residential building with outbuildings m3 275.558 0.017 2. 2-storey residential building with outbuildings « 320.717 0.017 3. 3-storey residential building with outbuildings « 347.290 0.011 4. 4-storey residential building with outbuildings buildings « 368.947 0.011 5. 5-storey residential buildings « 502.848 0.011 b.p. b-10-storey residential buildings « 820.224 0.011 7. 11-13-storey residential buildings « 916.896 0.014 8. 14-16-storey residential buildings « 1162.264 0.041 9. 17-20-storey residential buildings Notes:
The cost of developing standard projects of block sections with end facades and a wheelchair is determined by the prices of residential buildings.
When determining the base design price, the volume of the building is determined without taking into account the volumes of the technical floor, attic and underground.
Examples of calculating the cost of design work based on the Directory of basic prices for design work.
Determine the cost of developing design documentation (in two stages) for the construction of a residential building in St. Petersburg.
Residential building 12-storey, monolithic, built into the existing buildings of the historical part of the city. The construction volume of the building is 32,240 m;>.
Option 1
The calculation is carried out according to the Directory of basic prices for design work for construction. Objects of housing and civil construction. - M., 2003
Option 2
Calculation of the price of design work as a percentage of the cost of construction, compiled according to the Directory of basic prices for design work. Objects of housing and civil construction, 1994 (SBC-95).
Calculations are made in the form according to the model 2p (MDS 81-35.2004, appendix 2). Table 3.23. Tables of the relative cost of developing project documentation (as a percentage of the price)
Relative cost tables are given for the following design stages: project (Non-working project (RP); working documentation (P).
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a Protection of the natural environment 1. Іab/kіlDi. Residential buildings up to 10 floors P 57 - - 3 E 2 2 - 3 10 i 9 10 R 60 _ _ v 6 7 3 _ - 4 - - 12 - RP 58 - - 7 b b 3 - - 4 2 i 11 d 2. Table. 1 lb. Residential buildings over 10 floors P 59 - - 2 d 2 2 - 3 10 i 9 10 7-10 P 60 - - in b 7 3 - - 4 - - 12 - RP 5V - - 7 b 6 3 _ 2 i 11 2 3. Tab. 2 Hotels,
oshchezhil,
lady P 50 6 1 g 2 2 - - 3 10 i 9 10 R 53 6 2 in 5 7 3 _ - 4 - - 12 - RP 51 b 2 7 5 b 3 - 4 2 i 11 2 Table 3.24. Percentage of base prices for housing and civil construction projects
No. Construction cost in 1991 prices, mln rub. Based on the price of design work from the total cost of construction in 1991 prices, % Complexity category I II III IV V 1 0.5 4.80 6.19 - - - 2 1 4.37 5.64 6.42 - - 3 2 3 .93 5.19 5.96 7.05 - 4 3 3.51 4.53 5.71 6.79 7.85 5 4 3.39 4.36 5.52 6.55 7.58 b 5 3, 26 4.20 5.33 6.31 7.32 7 6 3.20 4.13 5.24 6.21 7.19 8 7 3.15 4.06 5.15 6.10 7.07 9 8 3.09 3.99 5.06 5.99 6.95 109 3.02 3.92 4.95 5.88 6.83 . 11 10 2.97 3.84 4.87 5.79 6.71 12 20 2.76 3.50 4.54 5.38 6.26 13 30 2.55 3.13 4.21 4.97 5, 82 14 40 2.33 2.85 3.86 4.58 5.29 15 50 2D6 2.79 3.57 4.23 4.90 . 16 60 2.11 2.72 3.47 4.13 4.78 17 70 2.06 2.65 3.38 4.03 4.67 18 80 2.01 2.58 3.30 3.92 4, 56 19 90 1.96 2.52 3.21 3.85 4.45 20 100 1.91 2.46 3.13 3.72 4.34 21 150 1.86 2.39 3.04 3.61 4.22 22,200 1.81 2.32 2.95 3.51 4D0 23,250 1.75 2.26 2.86 3.41 3.89 24,300 1.70 2.20 2.79 3.31 3.86 25 350 1.65 2.14 2.71 3.20 3.74 26,400 1.60 2.07 2.62 3.09 3.63 27,450 1.55 2.01 2.53 2.99 3.51 28500 1.50 1.93 2.45 2.89 3.40 29550 1.45 1.87 2.37 2.79 3.28 30600 1.40 1.83 2.29 2.69 3, 16 31,650 1.39 1.81 2.28 2.67 3.13 32,700 _ 1.79 2.27 2.66 3.12 33,800 - - 2.26 2.65 3.11 34,900 - - - 2.64 3.10 35 1000 and more - - - 2.63 3.09 Table 3.25. Nomenclature of residential and civil construction objects
N2 p/n Name of the design object Characteristics of the design object Category of complexity of the design object I И Ш IV V 1 2 3 4 5 b 7 3 2.2. Garden houses, temporary (summer) dwelling houses + 2.3. Dormitories and shelters With shared kitchens and bathrooms + With bathrooms attached to the rooms and a developed public area + 2.4. Multi-storey residential buildings For municipal construction For non-municipal construction 2.5. Low-rise detached houses + and block houses of urban type (up to 4 floors) + 2.6. Mansions, villas, terraced residential buildings and urban planning especially significant multi-storey buildings and complexes + 2.7. Special residential buildings for the disabled and the elderly + 2. Dwelling houses, hotels 2.1. Household and auxiliary buildings at the house + 2.2. Garden houses, temporary (summer) dwelling houses 2.3. Dormitories and shelters With shared kitchens and bathrooms + With bathrooms attached to the rooms and a developed public area + 2.4. Multi-storey residential buildings For municipal construction + For non-municipal construction +
Table 3.25 (continued)
1 2 3 4 5 b 7 a 2.5. Low-rise detached and block houses of urban type (up to 4 floors) + 2.6. Mansions, villas, terraced residential buildings and urban planning high-rise buildings and complexes of particular importance + 2.7. Special residential buildings for the disabled and the elderly + thousand rubles.
Table 3.26. Estimate for design work Sample No. 2p
Annex to (agreement, supplementary agreement, work order) Estimate for design (survey) work
Name of the enterprise, building, structure, design stage, floor, type of design
or survey work
Residential building, project + working documentation
Name of the design (survey) organization
Name of the customer organization No. p / p Description of the enterprise, building, structure or type of work Numbers of parts, chapters, tables, percentages, paragraphs and points of instructions to the section of the Collection of basic prices for design and survey work for construction cost calculation ..
¦¦¦¦ - xK.
(o+ex)J
volume of construction and installation works,%
or
100
or quantity x price Cost 1 3 4 5 1. Residential 12-storey monolithic building.
Construction volume 32,000 m3 Reference book of basic prices, 2003 (916.896+ 0.014x32,000) х х (1 + 0.2 х 0.597 +0.4 х 0.627) х 2.39 4469.08 thousand rubles. tab. 1.7. General provisions, p. 1.6, K1 = 1.2 to the architectural part (sp. weight 0.597) VAT x 18% = 804.43 p. weight 0.627) Total with VAT 5273.51 thousand rubles.
1 2 3 4 5 2. Residential 12-storey monolithic building. Estimated cost of construction in current prices (excluding VAT) 136,610 thousand rubles. Reference book of basic prices for design work, 1994, tab. 3, p. 2.4 - IV category of complexity. Tab. 3, p. 3, 4 Estimated cost of construction in prices as of 01.01.1999 6.959 136610- "- 100
= 9506.69 thousand rubles. 136610 58.16 = 2348.87 thousand rubles VAT- 187a- = 1711.2 thousand rubles. 58.16 - construction cost index. Percentage of the base price of design works Total including VAT RUB 11,217.8 thousand 7.05 - (7.05 - 6.79) 0.349 = 6.959%
Option 1
Explanations for calculations. ¦І According to the table. 1, paragraph 7 of SBC-01 are determined: a - 918.896 thousand rubles. and s = 0.014 thousand rubles.
Pricing coefficient (0.3 + 0.7) =1.
In accordance with paragraph 1.6 of the General Provisions to the CBC - when designing an object in a historical environment, a coefficient of 1.2 is applied "to the architecturally rigorous part of the project." The share in accordance with the table of the relative cost of project development: at the project stage - 59%, working documentation - 60, in general for the project - 59.7%.
In accordance with clause 1.9 of the General Provisions to SBC-01, the base price for designing buildings with enclosing and load-bearing structures made of monolithic concrete is determined by applying a coefficient of 1.4 to those sections whose development is Complicating - that is, to architectural and construction and POS. The share of sections: 0.3 (60 + 0) 07 \u003d 63%.
The total complicating factor is 1 + 0.2 0.6 + 0.4 0.63 = 1.37.
2.39 - inflation index for the IV quarter of 2007
Option 2
Residential building 12-storey monolithic, estimated cost in current prices (October 2007) - 136,610 thousand rubles.
The cost of building a residential building is determined in prices as of 01/01/1991. For this, the index recommended by Rosstroy for the 4th quarter of 2007 is used, for St. Petersburg - 58.16.
According to the table 3.25 Nomenclature of objects of housing and civil construction: the category of complexity of the design object is determined - clause 2.4. Multi-storey residential buildings - IV.
According to the table 3.24 depending on the cost of construction in 1991 prices and the category of complexity, there is a percentage of the base price for design work (by interpolation) - 6.959%.
From the cost of construction of a residential building in prices for October 2007, the price for the development of project documentation is calculated.
Comparison of the cost of design work for the first and second calculations indicates that in SBC-95 either the percentage of the cost of design work was overestimated, or the indices for design work significantly lag behind the indexation of construction and installation works 18.4 and 58.16.
Determining the cost of design work based on labor costs
In the absence of standard indicators of the base cost, it is allowed to determine the individual price of design work by calculating it on the basis of labor costs. They are recommended to be determined either according to the standard norms of labor intensity of work adopted in the design organization, or based on the number of performers and the time of their work in days.
When calculating the cost of design work, specialists are guided by the Guidelines for the composition and accounting of costs included in the cost of design and survey products (works, services) for construction, and the formation of financial results, M., 1995.
The grouping of costs for the production of design and survey works includes the following items of expenditure:
labor costs of production personnel;
unified social tax,
depreciation (wear and tear) of fixed production assets;
materials and services;
travel expenses;
survey costs; ; .
expenses associated with the use of electronic computers;
other direct costs;
overheads.
The cost of design and survey work includes profit - Yu-15% - An estimate is made for f. Zp, the sample is given in MDS 81-35.2004 (Table 3.27). In the cost of design work, the main share is occupied by the cost of wages for production personnel (30-40%); in this example - 41.2%.
Table 3.27. Estimate for design work Sample No. Zp
Appendix to contract No.
from 2007
Estimate No. 29-P
for design work on the power supply of the administrative building Name of the design organization ZAO NPP...
Name of the customer organization SPb TUP No. p / p List of work performed Executors Number of man-days Average wage for 1 day Wage (total) Quantity Position 1 Information preparation and collection of initial data for design 1 Hand. development 3 1250 3750 1 Initial projects, groups b 1125 6750 Ved. perform. 10,833.33 16,666.6 2 Electrical calculations 1 Row. development b 1250 7500 1 Initial projects, groups 12 1325 13 500 executor 18,833.33 29,999.88 3 Development of schemes, drawings 1 Lead. development 9 1250 11 950 1 Initial projects, groups 12 1125 13 500 executor 20,833.33 33,333.2 4 Approval of design solutions 1 Rec. development 3 1250 3750 1 Initial project, groups 5 1125 ; 6750 2 Lead. contractor 10,833.33 16,666.6 Total wages 163,416.28 Unified social tax 0.26 42,488.23 Other direct costs 0.3 49,024.88 Total direct costs 254,929.39 Overhead costs 0.35 89,225.29 Total cost 344,154.68 Profit 0.15 51,623.2 Rub.
198 Chapter 3. Drawing up local estimates for construction and other work
Table 3.27 (end)
No. List of work performed Executors Number of man-days Average wage per 1 day Wage (total) Quantity Position Total 395,777.88 VAT 0.18 71,240.02 Total with VAT 467,017.9 Compiled
Engineer estimator
checked
Ch. engineer
Tasks
Compile a local resource sheet for the installation of columns and beams in a one-story industrial building according to GESN-2001-07. "
Make local estimates for the installation of 100 pieces of rectangular columns in foundation glasses using the example of HESN 07-01-001-5 using the resource method, according to TER and FER.
Make a comparative table of indicators of local estimates and analyze the results.
Test questions
L Most accurate budgeting method:
a) according to consolidated standards;
b) base-index;
c) resource;
d) resource-index.
Initial data for compiling a local resource statement:
a) resource consumption rates;
b) design data;
c) GESN collections and design data;
d) collections of normative indicators and project material.
Sources of prices for building resources:
a) collections of SSTS, SSTS;
b) various information publications and catalogues;
c) the sources specified in the contract.
The main reasons hindering the widespread use of the resource method of budgeting:
a) high labor intensity of work; 1. b) the absence of many resource consumption norms;
c) labor intensity and lack of coding for new materials.
The reasons for the low share of funds for wages in the estimated cost:
a) low labor costs;
b) norms and prices of labor costs;
c) salary statistics;
d) the level of evaluation of the labor force.
The aggregated standard (%) of overhead costs for housing and civil purposes for all industries is taken in the amount of:
a) 106;
b) 95;
c) 110;
d) 112.
The starting material for drawing up an estimate for repair work is:
1) project for the production of works, 2) design documentation, 3) defective inventory, 4) design project:
a) 1 + 2;
b) 3 or 4;
c) 2 or 3;
d) 4.
Costs and commissioning as part of the consolidated estimate calculation and their determination:
a) not included
b) turn on;
c) are included in idle work on the basis of estimates in Chapter 9 of the consolidated estimate.
.nine. Name the regulatory documents used to determine the cost of design work:
a) unit prices;
b) reference books of basic prices;
c) collections of estimated norms.
Yu. What determines the percentage of the price of design work?
a) from the cost of design work;
b) on the category of complexity of the object;
c) from the design stage.
test questions
Initial data for the preparation of local budget calculations (estimates).
Modern methods of budgeting. "G;
The initial base for compiling a local resource sheet.
In what cases is the resource method used for compiling local estimates?
The essence and basis of the basic-stdek method of budgeting. j
Conditions for the use of FER in the regions (territories) of the Russian Federation: walkie-talkie.
What territorial adjustment coefficients and to what costs are they taken into account in the basic price level as of 01.01.2000 according to FER for Sanіsg-. Petersburg?
In what cases are indices used for the elements of direct costs for the full range of works by type and in general for construction?
When are indices used for direct cost items by type of work? .
The order of numbering of local estimates and rounding of numbers in them.
Distinctive features of FER and TER.
What did the compilation of local estimates for brickwork of walls show by the resource method, according to FER and TER?
Is it interesting to compare indicators of local estimates?
What is the purpose of the consolidated estimated standards and in what cases is it advisable to use them?
What are the main types of modern consolidated estimated standards.,
What costs include territorial aggregated prices for structures and types of work UR-2001 St. Petersburg?
What is the difference between integrated and unit prices for structures and types of work?
How is a local estimate calculated at aggregated prices?
How are overhead costs and estimated profit determined in the estimated calculations at aggregated unit prices?
What composition of costs is taken into account by the list prices for buildings and structures?
The cost of what objects can be determined according to modern price lists for buildings and structures?
What is the purpose of the Aggregated indicators of the basic cost of construction for analogous objects (UPBS-2000) and in what cases are they used?
How to determine the cost of building an object according to UPSB-VR in the current price level?
What requirements should be followed when selecting a similar project?
How to "process?" estimate documentation for an analogous object to determine the cost of construction of the projected object?
What methods determine the cost of design work? 1 What costs for the development of project documentation are included in the base price reference books? What is not included in them?
What is meant by pricing factors?
Name the factors complicating the design.
What is the procedure for establishing inflation indices for design and survey work; against what price level?
How is the category of design complexity determined?
What is the significance of relative cost tables in design documentation?
What costs make up the cost of design and survey work?
What is the procedure for determining the cost of design work based on labor costs?
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